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<title>Center for Strategic Decision Research, Peter Struck, Michele Alliot-Marie, General George Joulwan, SACEUR, General James L. Jones, SHAPE, NATO, EU, BDLI, ILA, EADS, Northrop Grumman, Under Secretary Michael Wynne, Assistant Secretary Linton Wells, Ambassador William Burns, NATO Military Committee Chairman General Harald Kujat, General Dynamics, Boeing, Global Security Terrorism, Iraq, Afghanistan, Rainer Hertrich, David Stafford</title>
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<td width="66" height="68"><p><img src="../2004book/logo-kevin-web.jpg" width="60" height="66"></p> </td>
<td><div align="center"><span class="style5">19th International Workshop on Global Security - Berlin, 3-6 May 2002<br>
"Global Security: Defining and Responding to the New Threats"</span></div></td>
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<p align="center" class="style17">Table of Contents</p>
<p><a href="hertrich.htm" class="style18">EADS Co-CEO Rainer Hertrich </a> <a href="coats.htm" class="style18">US Ambassador to Germany Daniel Coats</a><a href="weissingerbaylon.htm" class="style18">Workshop Chairman Roger Weissinger-Baylon </a></p>
<p align="center" class="style18"><strong>Part 1</strong></p>
<p><span class="style18"><a href="deruyt.htm"> Belgian Ambassador to UN Jean de Ruyt</a></span><span class="style18"><a href="scharping.htm">German Defense Minister Rudolf Scharping</a></span><a href="joulwan.htm" class="style18">Fmr SACEUR Gen George Joulwan</a><a href="kwasniewski.htm" class="style18">Polish President Aleksander Kwasniewski</a><a href="adamkus.htm" class="style18">Lithuanian President Valdas Adamkus </a></p>
<p align="center" class="style18"><strong>Part 2</strong></p>
<p><span class="style18"><a href="perrindebrichambaut.htm">French Defense Min Dir Strat Affairs Marc Perrin de Brichambaut</a></span><span class="style18"><a href="silvestri.htm">Istituto Affari Internazionali Pres Stefano Silvestri</a> <a href="barth.htm">Netherlands Defense Min Sec Gen Dirk Barth</a></span><span class="style18"><a href="sedivy.htm">Czech Chief of Gen Staff Gen Jiri Sedivy </a> <a href="volkman.htm">US Defense Dept Director Intl Coop Alfred Volkman</a></span><span class="style18"><a href="dipaola.htm"> Italian Defense Min Sec Gen Adm Giampaolo Di Paola</a></span><span class="style18"><a href="schuwirth.htm"> EU Mil Staff Director Gen Rainer Schuwirth</a></span><span class="style18"><a href="ho.htm">Singaporean Defense Min First Permanent Secretary Peter Ho</a></span><span class="style18"><a href="weise.htm">German Dep Armaments Director Hans-Heinrich Weise</a></span><span class="style18"><a href="vondra.htm">Fmr Czech Ambassor to US Alexandr Vondra</a></span><span class="style18"><a href="schonbohm.htm">Brandenburg Interior Min Jorg Schonbohm</a></span><span class="style18"><a href="rogov.htm">Russian Acad of Sciences USA Canada Inst Dir Sergey Rogov</a></span><span class="style18"><a href="tarasyuk.htm">Fmr Ukranian Foreign Min Borys Tarasyuk</a></span><span class="style18"><a href="carter.htm">Kennedy School Prof Ashton Carter</a></span><span class="style18"><a href="alibek.htm">Fmr USSR Biopreparat Dep Dir Ken Alibek</a></span><span class="style18"><a href="wolsztynski.htm">French Vice Chief of Defense Staff Gen Richard Wolsztynski </a></span></p>
<p align="center" class="style18"><strong>Part 3</strong></p>
<p class="style18"><a href="siwiec.htm">Polish Ntl Security Advisor Marek Siwiec</a><a href="pascu.htm">Romanian Defense Minister Ioan Pascu</a><a href="kacer.htm">Slovakian Defense Min State Sec Rastislav Kacer</a><a href="weisser.htm">German Defense Min Fmr Planning Staff Head Ulrich Weisser</a><a href="rogozin.htm">Russian Duma Member Dmitri Rogozin</a><a href="piontkovsky.htm">Russian Strat Studies Ctr Director Andrei Piontkovsky</a><a href="karaganov.htm">Russian Foreign & Def Policy Council Chair Sergei Karaganov </a> </p>
<p align="center" class="style18"><strong>Part 4</strong></p>
<p class="style18"><a href="birke.htm">BDLI President Hans Birke</a><a href="habibie.htm">Fmr Indonesian Pres Bacharuddin Habibie</a><a href="novotny.htm">Czech Amb to India Jaromir Novotny</a><a href="chandra.htm">Indian Dep Ntl Security Adv Satish Chandra </a> <a href="gomes.htm">Portuguese Atlantic Commission President Bernardino Gomes</a> <a href="ezdi.htm">Pakistani Ambassador to Germany Asif Ezdi </a></p>
<p align="center" class="style18"><strong>Part 5</strong></p>
<p><span class="style18"><a href="enders.htm">EADS Vice President Thomas Enders</a><a href="cosentino.htm">Alenia Sr Vice Pres Carmelo Cosentino</a><a href="orsi.htm">Agusta Westland Dir Giuseppe Orsi</a><a href="wells.htm">US Defense Dept Principal Dep Assist Sec C3I Linton Wells</a><a href="coggins.htm">Silicon Graphics Sr Vice Pres Steve Coggins</a><a href="kotaite.htm">Intl Civil Aviation Organization Council Pres Assad Kotaite</a><a href="roma.htm">European Civil Aviation Conference Pres Alredo Roma</a><a href="nagel.htm">German Transport, Building, Housing Min State Sec Ralf Nagel</a><a href="chikwe.htm">Nigerian Aviation Minister Kema Chikwe</a><a href="garcia.htm">Airbus Exec Vice Pres Alain Garcia</a><a href="camporini.htm">Italian Vice Chief of Defense Staff Gen Vincenzo Camporini</a><a href="olrich.htm">Icelandic Education, Culture, & Science Minister Tomas Olrich</a><a href="regibeau.htm"> Belgian Diplomatic Adv to Defense Minister Jean-Arthur Regibeau</a><br>
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<h1 align="center" class="style196 style22">Global Challenges and New Technologies</h1>
<p align="center" class="style20"> Ing. Carmelo Cosentino<br>
Senior Vice President, Alenia Aeronautica S.p.A.</p>
<p align="left" class="style21">Global security is at the top of today's national strategic priorities. There are new global challenges that require increasingly global responses by governments and the high-tech industry. This change in perception is certainly common to both the U.S. and Europe, and the new security environment dimension has important implications for our industry. The new dimension will also lead to a new framework. The driving factors will be the willingness of the U.S. to preserve its technology leadership, the need to reinforce European technology and the industry, and new pragmatic defense doctrines that enable flexible alliances and partnerships. A positive political climate and understanding the benefits that an economic growth cycle can bring will contribute to the implementation of global responses in the medium to long term. </p>
<p align="center" class="style16">ITALY'S INVOLVEMENT WITH COOPERATIVE DEFENSE INITIATIVES</p>
<p align="left" class="style21"> Italy continues to be involved in both European and transatlantic defense cooperation. We are targeting more coherent, more effective, and increased spending for military-related research and development as well as dual-use applications. We believe that the Italian aerospace and defense industry is well prepared to participate in new technology opportunities. </p>
<p align="left" class="style21"> For example, we are already involved in the most advanced European aerospace programs and initiatives, including the Eurofighter, which links four major nations in Europe, and the ETAP program, which links six major European nations. We are also involved in security programs in which we are working to strengthen specific technology capabilities such as special-mission airborne platforms that will comply with post-September 11 requirements. In addition, we are very involved with developing satellite-based remote sensing and surveillance, particularly with the Cosmo-Sky Net Project. Italy has a long history of cooperating with other countries, and we bring our excellent training and flexibility to our joint work. </p>
<p align="center" class="style16">TRANSFORMING THE DEFENSE INDUSTRY</p>
<p align="left" class="style21"> Several important areas need to be reinforced in the new security scenario: ISR, or intelligence, surveillance, and reconnaissance; C-4, or command, control, communication, and computing; and long-range precision weapons. To reinforce these areas we need to transform our industry, a process that has already started. Four changes are of particular importance. One is that air framers have started to become system integrators with increasing speed. A second is that prime contractors are pursuing more vertical integration. Third, manufacturers are transforming themselves with providers. And fourth, second-tier players are becoming small prime contractors, which will strengthen the value chain and provide critical integrated sub-assemblies. </p>
<p align="left" class="style21"> The new defense priorities require taking a technology leap. This involves making a push on basic research, particularly by government institutions and the high-tech industries. One important cooperation initiative, ETAP, is helping to take that leap, not only through research that many companies can use but through its coordinated effort. In a time of limited resources, we need to coordinate all national funds and individual companies' research because, without coordination, most of our research is wasted. </p>
<p align="left" class="style21"> We also need to share efforts and results between the U.S. and Europe. This is a must. I would like to remind everyone that real cooperation can exist only between equal or similar entities. If there is too big of an imbalance, then there is no real cooperation. And everyone knows how big the gap is between U.S. and European resources allocated for military spending and R&D, and that gap continues to grow. So it is imperative that Europe allocate more resources. </p>
<p align="left" class="style21"> The U.S. budget is $330 billion a year and for all of Europe it is $140 billion a year-a 1 to 2.4 ratio which seems destined to get worse. For instance, from 2002 to 2003, the U.S. budget will increase by $48 billion. That is the entire defense budget of the U.K. and Italy combined for one year. The same applies for research and development: the U.S. R&D budget will increase from 2002 to 2003 by $13 billion, which is equal to the total equipment and R&D expenditure made by Germany and France in one year. </p>
<p align="center" class="style16">USING DUAL-USE APPLICATIONS AND AVOIDING DUPLICATION</p>
<p align="left" class="style21"> One way to improve this situation is to use dual-use synergies. That means having the aerospace industry and other concerned entities use technologies that have been developed for other purposes, for instance, commercial aircraft technologies, to our advantage. We can take a platform that was developed for commercial use and adapt it for our purposes. </p>
<p align="left" class="style21"> As far as long-term and short-term programs go, there can be no overlaps and no duplications. We need to manufacture and give our customers current technology products, but we also need to join with our customers to create new products as well. In my opinion, there must be no duplication between the F-22 and the Joint Strike Fighter. In Europe there must be no duplication between the Eurofighter and the new programs. </p>
<p align="center" class="style16">CONCLUDING REMARKS</p>
<p align="left" class="style21"> Aeronautical programs need a long time to develop, and we have been used to having 15 years for conceptualizing, developing, building prototypes, holding demonstrations, and then producing. Today we have 10 years, both in the U.S. and Europe. This is a clear trend. But I hope that within this framework we can do our best work possible. In Italy we are optimistic because of two recent important achievements: one, the launching of the White Book for Defense, with a 10-year plan; and two, the development of the process that Italy will follow to increase its military spending from 1% of GNP to 1.25 % of GNP in two years. </p>
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