|
Server : Apache/2.4.62 System : FreeBSD fbsdweb2.web.rcn.net 14.1-RELEASE FreeBSD 14.1-RELEASE releng/14.1-n267679-10e31f0946d8 GENERIC amd64 User : www ( 80) PHP Version : 8.3.8 Disable Function : NONE Directory : /domains/roger.dnai/2009book/ |
Upload File : |
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html><!-- InstanceBegin template="/Templates/2008template.dwt" codeOutsideHTMLIsLocked="false" -->
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<!-- InstanceBeginEditable name="doctitle" -->
<title>CSDR 2009: Dealing with Crises in Afghanistan and Pakistan: Strategic Issues</title>
<!-- InstanceEndEditable -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/2002Book/emx_nav_right.css" type="text/css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/rome08.css" type="text/css" />
<style type="text/css">
<!--
.style5 {font-weight: bold;
color: #000000;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
font-size: large;
}
.style7 {font-size: 2px}
.style8 {font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif}
.style17 {
font-size: x-small;
font-weight: bold;
}
.style18 {font-size: x-small}
.style217 {font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif}
.style219 {font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; }
.style19 {font-size: 11px}
.style20 {
color: #006699;
font-size: large;
}
.style21 {font-size: small}
.style22 {font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; }
-->
</style>
<style type="text/css">
<!--
.style23 {font-size: medium}
.style24 {font-size: large}
.style25 {
color: #006699;
font-weight: bold;
font-style: italic;
}
.style26 {
color: #006699;
font-size: medium;
font-weight: bold;
}
.style27 {
color: #006699;
font-size: medium;
}
.style293 {
font-size: large;
color: black;
}
-->
</style>
<!-- InstanceBeginEditable name="head" --><!-- InstanceEndEditable -->
</head>
<body>
<!-- Start of StatCounter Code -->
<script type="text/javascript">
var sc_project=3086157;
var sc_invisible=0;
var sc_partition=27;
var sc_security="33bf0688";
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://www.statcounter.com/counter/counter_xhtml.js"></script><noscript><div class="statcounter"><a class="statcounter" href="http://www.statcounter.com/"><img class="statcounter" src="http://c28.statcounter.com/3086157/0/33bf0688/0/" alt="free website hit counter" /></a></div></noscript>
<!-- End of StatCounter Code -->
<div class="skipLinks">skip to: <a href="#content">page content</a> | <a href="../book2007TEST/2002Book/pageNav">links on this page</a> | <a href="#globalNav">site navigation</a> | <a href="#siteInfo">footer (site information)</a> </div>
<div id="masthead">
<div id="globalNav" style="margin-top:15px;"> <div id="globalLink">
<a href="/index.html" id="gl1" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Home</span></span></a><a href="/index.html#about" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Contact Us</span></span></a><a href="/2009book/gonul.html" id="gl2" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Istanbul '09</span></span></a><a href="/2008book/joulwan.html" id="gl2" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Rome '08</span></span></a><a href="/2007book/joulwan07" id="gl2" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Paris '07</span></span></a><a href="/2006book/jung.htm" id="gl2" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Berlin '06</span></span></a><a href="/2005book/alliotmarie.htm" id="gl2" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Paris '05</span></span></a><a href="/2004book/PeterStruckKeynote.htm" id="gl3" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Berlin '04</span></span></a><a href="/moscow03/weissingerbaylon.htm" id="gl4" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Moscow '03</span></span></a><a href="/berlin02/scharping.htm" id="gl5" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Berlin '02</span></span></a><a href="/2001Book/workshop2001.htm" id="gl6" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Helsingør '01</span></span></a><a href="/2000Book/workshop2000.htm" id="gl6" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Berlin '00</span></span></a><a href="/99Book/workshop1999.htm" id="gl6" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Budapest '99</span></span></a><a href="/98Book/workshop98.htm" id="gl6" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Vienna '98</span></span></a><a href="/97Book/workshop97.htm" id="gl6" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Prague '97</span></span></a><a href="/96Book/Workshop96.htm" id="gl7" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Warsaw '96</span></span></a>
<a href="/95Book/95Workshop.htm" id="gl8" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Dresden '95</span></span></a></div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="pagecell1" style="top:65px;">
<div id="breadCrumb" style="text-align:center;">
<img src="/images/header.gif" alt="Center for Strageic Decision Research: Celebrating over 25 years of international dialogue. International workshop on global security." width="618" height="99" style="padding:20px 10px;" />
</div>
<div id="pageNav">
<div id="sectionLinks">
<p align="center" class="style17">Table of Contents<br>
26th International Workshop - Istanbul '09</p>
<p align="center" class="style17">
<a href="/2009book/weissinger-preface.html">Preface & Acknowledgements-<br />Dr. Roger<br>Weissinger-Baylon<br>Workshop Chairman<br></a>
<a href="/2009book/weissinger-overview.html">Workshop Chairman's Overview - Dr. Roger Weissinger-Baylon</a>
<a href="/2009book/gonul.html">Keynote Address - <br>Turkish Defense Minister<br>Vecdi Gönül</a>
<a href="/2009book/meimarakis.html">Greek Defense Minister<br />
Evangelos Vassilios I. Meimarakis
</a>
<a href="/2009book/teixeira.html">Portuguese Defense Minister<br />
Dr. Nuno Severiano Teixeira
</a>
<a href="/2009book/middelkoop.html">Dutch Defense Minister<br />
Eimert van Middelkoop
</a>
<a href="/2009book/aaviksoo.html">Estonian Defense Minister<br />
Jaak Aaviksoo
</a>
<a href="/2009book/baramidze.html">Georgian Vice Prime Minister<br />
Giorgi Baramidze
</a>
<a href="/2009book/jelusic.html">Slovenian Defense Minister<br />
Dr. Ljubica Jelusic
</a>
<a href="/2009book/sikharulidze.html">Georgian Defense Minister<br />
Vasil Sikharulidze
</a>
<a href="/2009book/vucinic.html">Montenegrin Defense Minister<br />
Boro Vucinic
</a>
<a href="/2009book/liegis.html">Latvian Defense Minister<br />
Imants Liegis
</a>
<a href="/2009book/chizhov.html">Russian Amb to EU<br />
Vladimir Chizhov
</a>
<a href="/2009book/dutt.html">Indian Deputy National Security Advisor<br />
Shekhar Dutt
</a>
<a href="/2009book/eldon.html">British Amb to NATO<br />
Stewart Eldon
</a>
<a href="/2009book/mcrae.html">Canadian Amb to NATO<br />
Robert McRae
</a>
<a href="/2009book/winid.html">Polish Amb to NATO<br />
Boguslaw Winid
</a>
<a href="/2009book/ducaru.html">Romanian Amb to NATO<br />
Sorin Dimitru Ducaru
</a>
<a href="/2009book/karem.html">Egyptian Amb to Belgium<br />and EU<br />
Dr. Mahmoud Karem
</a>
<a href="/2009book/abouyoub.html">Morrocan Amb-at-large<br />
Hassan Abouyoub
</a>
<a href="/2009book/al-mulla.html">Kuwaiti Amb to Belgium<br />and EU<br />
Nabeela A. Al-Mulla
</a>
<a href="/2009book/masadeh.html">Jordanian Amb to Belgium and EU<br />
Dr. Ahmad Masa’deh
</a>
<a href="/2009book/grimes-lentz.html">U.S. Asst Sec of Def<br />
Hon. John G. Grimes<br />&<br />
U.S. Dep Asst Sec of Def<br />
Robert Lentz
</a>
<a href="/2009book/serres.html">Dir General for Information and Communication Systems<br />French Ministry of Defense<br />
Henri Serres
</a>
<a href="/2009book/lentz.html">U.S. Dep Asst Sec of Def<br />
Robert Lentz
</a>
<a href="/2009book/bloechl.html">Microsoft, Managing Dir.<br />
Tim Bloechl
</a>
<a href="/2009book/morgan.html">CISCO, Director, Netcentric Initiatives<br />
Terry Morgan
</a>
<a href="/2009book/tanin.html">Afghan Amb to UN<br />
Dr. Zahir Tanin
</a>
<a href="/2009book/haroon.html">Pakistani Amb to UN<br />
Abdullah Hussain Haroon
</a>
<a href="/2009book/camporini.html">Italian Chief of Defense<br>
General Vincenzo Camporini
</a>
<a href="/2009book/lather.html">SHAPE Chief of Staff<br>
General Karl-Heinz Lather
</a>
<a href="/2009book/zappata.html">Dep Supreme Allied<br>
Commander Transformation<br />
Admiral Luciano Zappata
</a>
<a href="/2009book/volkman.html">U.S. Dir of Internat. Coop.<br>
Alfred Volkman
</a>
<a href="/2009book/homberg.html">EADS Corp Vice Pres<br>
Thomas Homberg
</a>
<a href="/2009book/flory.html">NATO Asst Sec Gen<br>
Peter Flory
</a>
<a href="/2009book/buckley.html">Thales Senior VP<br>
Dr. Edgar Buckley
</a>
<a href="/2009book/harris.html">Lockheed Martin Global Pres.<br>
Dr. Scott A. Harris
</a>
<a href="/2009book/shephard.html">Northrop Grumman VP<br>
Mr. Timothy Shephard
</a>
<a href="/2009book/joulwan.html">General George Joulwan<br>Former SACEUR</a>
<a href="/2009book/acosta.html">Global Impact CEO<br>
Ms. Renee Acosta
</a>
<a href="/2009book/coles.html">Africare CEO<br />
Julius E. Coles
</a>
<a href="/2009book/torbay.html">Int'l Medical Corps Sr VP<br />
Rabih Torbay
</a>
<a href="/2009book/beaman.html">Joint Force Command Naples Operations<br />
Rear Admiral Gerald Beaman
</a>
<a href="/2009book/dezenski.html">INTERPOL Managing Dir<br />
Ms. Elaine Dezenski
</a>
<a href="/2009book/monteforte.html">Italian Milrep to NATO<br>
Vice Adm Ferdinando Sanfelice di Monteforte
</a>
<a href="/2009book/wells.html">Fmr U.S. Asst Def Sec<br />
Dr. Linton Wells II
</a>
<a href="/2009book/dardel.html">Swiss Amb to NATO<br />
Dr. Jean-Jacques de Dardel
</a>
<a href="/2009book/patterson.html">Univ of Tennessee<br />
Mr. David Patterson
</a>
<a href="/2009book/lather-wrap-up.html">Wrap-up Remarks - SHAPE Chief of Staff<br>
General Karl-Heinz Lather
</a>
</div>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div class="story">
<h2 class="workshop_year">Istanbul '09 Workshop</h2>
<!-- InstanceBeginEditable name="Main Content" -->
<h1>Dealing with Crises in Afghanistan and Pakistan: Strategic Issues</h1>
<h2 style="margin-bottom: 0;">
General Karl-Heinz Lather
<br />Chief of Staff, Supreme Headquarters Allied Powers Europe (SHAPE)</h2>
<h2 style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0;"><img width="200" height="250" alt="General Karl-Heinz Lather" src="/2009book/2009images/lather.jpg" /></h2>
<p>With regard to the overall strategy, the NATO Alliance has an approach for achieving enduring progress in Afghanistan, which all the heads of state and government agreed to at the Bucharest Summit in April 2008 and recently re-affirmed and updated at the Strasbourg/Kehl Summit. Not surprisingly, the key elements of the new U.S. strategic approach are consistent with this NATO approach. There are no major disagreements-only differences of emphasis. I will illustrate this by framing my comments with the four guiding principles of the NATO approach.</p>
<h2>LONG-TERM ENGAGEMENT</h2>
<p>First is long-term commitment: NATO has recognized that the international community will need to be engaged in the region on an enduring basis if we are to achieve our goals. Such a commitment is necessary for a number of reasons. To begin with, there is still much to do to reconstruct Afghanistan’s infrastructure, economy, society, and government. This will take time. Next, we need to reassure Afghans that we, the international community, will stay as long as it takes and that we will not abandon the region as we did after the Soviet withdrawal, or ever allow the possibility of a return to a Taliban regime. Lastly, from a military perspective, we require the long-term commitment in order to enable us to plan and resource the longer-term infrastructure projects required, including the Afghan National Army and National Police.</p>
<h2>AFGHAN ENGAGEMENT</h2>
<p>The next guiding principle in the NATO approach is Afghan leadership. UN Security Council Resolution 1386 (2001), which authorized the establishment of ISAF, recognized that the responsibility for providing security and law and order resides with the Afghans themselves. ISAF’s role was, and is, to assist with security until the Afghans can do the job unaided. Indeed SACEUR’s end state, and our exit strategy, is the establishment of Afghan security forces which can provide security without NATO support. There are a number of areas where we can help develop Afghan capacity to assume a leadership role. These include mentoring Afghan National Army units, providing advice and capacity-building programs to the Afghan MoD, as well as wider support to the development of governance, the rule of law, and democratic processes. At the Strasbourg /Kehl Summit, NATO announced a range of further initiatives in this area. These include the establishment of a NATO Training Mission-Afghanistan, the provision of more trainers and mentors in support of the Afghan National Police, and the provision of more mentor teams for the Afghan National Army.</p><p>
On the security side one of the best ways to develop capability is actually to put Afghans in the driver’s seat. We have seen from the process of transferring the lead for security in Kabul province, that the Afghans are more than capable of stepping up to the mark, and have rapidly become effective. As conditions permit and in conjunction with the Afghan Government, we will look to expand this process beyond Kabul. Again, the focus on developing Afghan abilities was reflected in the new U.S. strategy.</p>
<h2>THE COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH</h2>
<p>The third guiding principle is enhanced coordination of all the lines of effort-most commonly known as the “Comprehensive Approach.” Now that we can see that after 7 years success remains elusive, there is a growing consensus that to achieve stabilization in Afghanistan (and it will be the same in Pakistan) there needs to be genuine progress along the three main lines of effort at the same time-that is to say security, governance, and reconstruction and development-the three pillars of the Afghan National Development Strategy. In straightforward terms, we cannot provide security by military means alone, when frustration at the lack of good governance and the lack of tangible signs of economic development drive people into the arms of the insurgency. It is worth commenting that the conditions fomenting the insurgency in Afghanistan are almost exactly replicated in the Federally Administered Tribal Areas of Pakistan, and so it is evident that the same comprehensive approach is required there. To achieve this comprehensive approach requires the integration of the efforts of multiple actors including different ministries of the contributing governments, U.N. international and non-governmental organizations, as well as the ministries of the Afghan government. At its Strasbourg / Kehl Summit, NATO committed to provide more support to the Afghan government and U.N. to achieve just such an integrated approach.</p>
<h2>REGIONAL ENGAGEMENT</h2>
<p>The last of NATO’s guiding principles is regional engagement. We have recognized that extremists in Pakistan, especially in western areas, and the insurgency in Afghanistan undermine security and stability in both countries and that the problems are deeply intertwined. NATO supports enhanced military-to-military cooperation through the Tripartite Commission structures and Border Coordination Centres and through exchanges of liaison officers and high-level political contacts. Indeed, NATO supports any initiative aimed at improving relations and cooperation between Afghanistan and its neighbors. This theme is of course a major element running through the whole of the new U.S. approach, with the appointment of Ambassador Holbrooke as special envoy to both countries, and with parallel initiatives to boost counter- insurgency capabilities and civilian development on both sides of the border simultaneously.</p><p>
This developing consensus is not only between the U.S. and NATO. The International Conference on Afghanistan held in The Hague on 31 March, which was attended by 71 countries and 11 major international organizations, picked up on exactly the same themes. Similarly, the Donors’ Conference in Tokyo on 17 April, which consolidated the support of the international community for Pakistan’s stable development, was designed to be coherent with the U.S. strategy, The Hague conference, and the NATO Summit. Again, on the operational level the Joint Force Command Brunssum-led PRT conference in Maastricht in early June tried to foster relations between the Afghan Government, the U.N. Assistance Mission in Afghanistan (UNAMA) and NATO.</p>
<h2>CONCLUSIONS</h2>
<p>In recognizing that there is broad consensus about what needs to be done, there is genuine difficulty in agreeing how to do it-the devil is in the detail! The national governments of the 28 NATO and 14 non-NATO countries contributing to ISAF are each responsible to their own electorates with differing collective views on the importance of the mission. In this difficult current economic climate, it is inevitable that there will be conflicting views on resource priorities. To implement the comprehensive approach itself presents problems-for example, UNAMA is both under-resourced and too weak in its mandate for its overall coordinating role. And many international actors do not necessarily want to be coordinated, as they pursue what their nation or organization perceives as the priorities. In implementing the strategy we also have to acknowledge the realities of dealing with sovereign governments in Afghanistan and Pakistan. We must work with and through the indigenous institutions, keeping their legitimate interests in mind.</p><p>
To sum up, there is broad international consensus on the key elements of the approach to dealing with the crises in Afghanistan and Pakistan. Although differences remain over resourcing and prioritization of implementation, NATO is already pursuing several key initiatives that in conjunction with the renewed impetus provided by the new U.S. commitment to the region should move us in the right direction.</p>
<!-- InstanceEndEditable --></div>
</div>
<div class="style8" id="siteInfo"> <a href="#">Top of page </a> | <a href="../index.html">Home</a> | ©2010
Center for Strategic Decision Research</div>
</div>
<br>
</body>
<!-- InstanceEnd --></html>