|
Server : Apache/2.4.62 System : FreeBSD fbsdweb2.web.rcn.net 14.1-RELEASE FreeBSD 14.1-RELEASE releng/14.1-n267679-10e31f0946d8 GENERIC amd64 User : www ( 80) PHP Version : 8.3.8 Disable Function : NONE Directory : /domains/roger.dnai/2008book/ |
Upload File : |
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html><!-- InstanceBegin template="/Templates/2008template.dwt" codeOutsideHTMLIsLocked="false" -->
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
<!-- InstanceBeginEditable name="doctitle" -->
<title>CSDR 2008: How to Deal with the Current Challenges: The Role of International Organizations</title>
<!-- InstanceEndEditable -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/2002Book/emx_nav_right.css" type="text/css">
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/rome08.css" type="text/css" />
<style type="text/css">
<!--
.style5 {font-weight: bold;
color: #000000;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
font-size: large;
}
.style7 {font-size: 2px}
.style8 {font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif}
.style17 {
font-size: x-small;
font-weight: bold;
}
.style18 {font-size: x-small}
.style217 {font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif}
.style219 {font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; }
.style19 {font-size: 11px}
.style20 {
color: #006699;
font-size: large;
}
.style21 {font-size: small}
.style22 {font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; }
-->
</style>
<style type="text/css">
<!--
.style23 {font-size: medium}
.style24 {font-size: large}
.style25 {
color: #006699;
font-weight: bold;
font-style: italic;
}
.style26 {
color: #006699;
font-size: medium;
font-weight: bold;
}
.style27 {
color: #006699;
font-size: medium;
}
.style293 {
font-size: large;
color: black;
}
-->
</style>
<!-- InstanceBeginEditable name="head" --><!-- InstanceEndEditable -->
</head>
<body>
<!-- Start of StatCounter Code -->
<script type="text/javascript">
var sc_project=3086157;
var sc_invisible=0;
var sc_partition=27;
var sc_security="33bf0688";
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://www.statcounter.com/counter/counter_xhtml.js"></script><noscript><div class="statcounter"><a class="statcounter" href="http://www.statcounter.com/"><img class="statcounter" src="http://c28.statcounter.com/3086157/0/33bf0688/0/" alt="free website hit counter" /></a></div></noscript>
<!-- End of StatCounter Code -->
<div class="skipLinks">skip to: <a href="#content">page content</a> | <a href="../book2007TEST/2002Book/pageNav">links on this page</a> | <a href="#globalNav">site navigation</a> | <a href="#siteInfo">footer (site information)</a> </div>
<div id="masthead">
<div id="globalNav" style="margin-top:15px;"> <div id="globalLink">
<a href="/index.html" id="gl1" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Home</span></span></a><a href="/index.html#about" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Contact Us</span></span></a><a href="/2008book/joulwan.html" id="gl2" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Rome '08</span></span></a><a href="/2007book/joulwan07" id="gl2" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Paris '07</span></span></a><a href="/2006book/jung.htm" id="gl2" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Berlin '06</span></span></a><a href="/2005book/alliotmarie.htm" id="gl2" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Paris '05</span></span></a><a href="/2004book/PeterStruckKeynote.htm" id="gl3" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Berlin '04</span></span></a><a href="/moscow03/weissingerbaylon.htm" id="gl4" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Moscow '03</span></span></a><a href="/berlin02/scharping.htm" id="gl5" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Berlin '02</span></span></a><a href="/2001Book/workshop2001.htm" id="gl6" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Helsinger '01</span></span></a><a href="/2000Book/workshop2000.htm" id="gl6" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Berlin '00</span></span></a><a href="/99Book/workshop1999.htm" id="gl6" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Budapest '99</span></span></a><a href="/98Book/workshop98.htm" id="gl6" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Vienna '98</span></span></a><a href="/97Book/workshop97.htm" id="gl6" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Prague '97</span></span></a><a href="/96Book/Workshop96.htm" id="gl7" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Warsaw '96</span></span></a>
<a href="/95Book/95Workshop.htm" id="gl8" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Dresden '95</span></span></a></div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="pagecell1" style="top:65px;">
<div id="breadCrumb" style="text-align:center;">
<img src="/images/header.gif" alt="Center for Strageic Decision Research: Celebrating over 25 years of international dialogue. International workshop on global security." width="618" height="99" style="padding:20px 10px;" />
</div>
<div id="pageNav">
<div id="sectionLinks">
<p align="center" class="style17">Table of Contents<br>
25th International Workshop - Rome '08</p>
<p align="center" class="style17">
<a href="/2008book/weissinger-preface.html">Preface- Dr. Roger<br>Weissinger-Baylon<br>Workshop Chairman<br></a>
<a href="/2008book/weissinger-overview.html">Workshop Chairman's Overview - Dr. Roger Weissinger-Baylon</a>
<a href="/2008book/joulwan.html">Opening Dinner Debate - <br>General George Joulwan<br>Former SACEUR</a>
<p>
<p align="center" class="style17">Part One<p>
<p align="center" class="style17">
<a href="/2008book/la-russa.html">Italian Defense Minister<br />
Ignazio La Russa
</a>
<a href="/2008book/browne.html">British Defense Minister<br />
The Rt Hon Des Browne
</a>
<a href="/2008book/gonul.html">Turkish Defense Minister<br />
Vecdi G�n�l
</a>
<a href="/2008book/di-paola.html">NATO Military Committee Chairman<br />
Admiral Giampaolo Di Paola
</a>
<a href="/2008book/zappata.html">Admiral Luciano Zappata<br />
Dep Supreme Allied
Commander Transformation
</a>
<a href="/2008book/camporini.html">Italian Chief of Defense<br />
General Vincenzo Camporini
</a>
<a href="/2008book/zappa.html">Alenia Aeronautica Chairman<br />
Dr. Giorgio Zappa
</a>
<br>Part Two<br>
<p align="center" class="style17">
<a href="/2008book/baramidze.html">Georgian Vice Prime Minister<br />
Giorgi Baramidze
</a>
<a href="/2008book/chizhov.html">Russian Amb to EU<br />
Vladimir Chizhov
</a>
<br>Part Three<br>
<p align="center" class="style17">
<a href="/2008book/eldon.html">British Amb to NATO<br />
Stewart Eldon
</a>
<a href="/2008book/akram.html">Pakistan's Amb to U.N.<br />
Munir Akram
</a>
<a href="/2008book/de-la-sabliere.html">French Amb to Italy<br />
Jean-Marc de la Sabli�re
</a>
<a href="/2008book/tkeshelashvili.html">Georgian Foreign Minister<br />
Eka Tkeshelashvili
</a>
<a href="/2008book/stefanini.html">Italian Amb to NATO<br />
Stefano Stefanini
</a>
<a href="/2008book/buzhinsky.html">Lt Gen Evgeniy Buzhinsky<br />
Russian Min of Defense
</a>
<a href="/2008book/winid.html">Polish Amb to NATO<br />
Boguslaw Winid
</a>
<br>Part Four<br>
<p align="center" class="style17">
<a href="/2008book/tegnelia.html">DTRA Director<br />
Dr. James Tegnelia
</a>
<a href="/2008book/rood.html">U.S. Under Sec of State<br />
John Rood
</a>
<a href="/2008book/joseph.html">Former Under Sec of State<br />
Amb Robert Joseph</a>
<a href="/2008book/berdennikov.html">Russian Amb-at-large<br />
Grigory V. Berdennikov
</a>
<a href="/2008book/benkert.html">U.S. Asst Sec of Defense<br />
Joseph Benkert
</a>
<a href="/2008book/flory.html">NATO Asst Sec Gen<br />
Peter Flory
</a>
<a href="/2008book/sedivy.html">NATO Asst Sec Gen<br />
Jiri Sedivy
</a>
<a href="/2008book/pfirter.html">OPCW Dir Gen<br />
Amb Rogelio Pfirter
</a>
<br>Part Five<br>
<p align="center" class="style17">
<a href="/2008book/lather.html">SHAPE Chief of Staff<br />
General Karl-Heinz Lather
</a>
<a href="/2008book/fitzgerald.html">Admiral Mark. P. Fitzgerald
<br />
Allied Joint Force Command Naples
</a>
<a href="/2008book/ildem.html">Turkish Amb to NATO<br />
Tacan Ildem
</a>
<a href="/2008book/schuwirth.html">Fmr SHAPE Chief of Staff<br />
General Rainer Schuwirth
</a>
<a href="/2008book/acosta.html">Global Impact CEO<br />
Ms. Renee Acosta
</a>
<a href="/2008book/soligan.html">Lt Gen James Soligan<br />
Allied Command-Transformation
</a>
<a href="/2008book/bagnall.html">Former UK Vice Chief of Defense Staff<br />
ACM Sir Anthony Bagnall
</a>
<br>Part Six
<p align="center" class="style17">
<a href="/2008book/volkman.html">U.S. Dir of Internat. Coop.<br />
Alfred Volkman
</a>
<a href="/2008book/tozzi.html">Major General Claudio Tozzi<br />
Italian Defense Ministry
</a>
<a href="/2008book/homberg.html">EADS Senior Vice Pres<br />
Thomas Homberg
</a>
<a href="/2008book/shephard.html">Northrop Grumman VP<br />
Mr. Timothy Shephard
</a>
<a href="/2008book/buckley.html">Thales Senior VP<br />
Dr. Edgar Buckley
</a>
<a href="/2008book/harris.html">Lockheed Martin Global Pres.<br />
Dr. Scott A. Harris
</a>
<a href="/2008book/schneider.html">AFCEA CEO<br />
Kent Schneider
</a>
<a href="/2008book/patterson.html">Mr. David Patterson<br />
Univ of Tennessee
</a>
<p align="center" class="style17">Part Seven
<p align="center" class="style17" style="margin-bottom: 0;">
<a href="/2008book/grimes.html">U.S. Asst Sec of Def<br />
Hon. John G. Grimes
</a>
<a href="/2008book/lentz.html">U.S. Dep Asst Sec of Def<br />
Robert Lentz
</a>
<a href="/2008book/aaviksoo.html">Estonian Defense Minister<br />
Jaak Aaviksoo
</a>
<a href="/2008book/bloechl.html">Microsoft, Managing Dir.<br />
Tim Bloechl
</a>
<a href="/2008book/wolf.html">Lt Gen Ulrich Wolf<br />
NATO CIS Service Agency Dir
</a>
<a href="/2008book/monteforte.html">Italian Milrep to NATO<br />
Vice Adm Ferdinando Sanfelice di Monteforte
</a>
<a href="/2008book/lintonen.html">Finnish Amb to UN<br />
Kirsti Lintonen
</a>
<a href="/2008book/silvestri.html">Dr. Stefano Silvestri<br />
Istituto Affari Internazionali
</a>
<a href="/2008book/yousfi.html">Algerian Amb to UN<br />
Youcef Yousfi
</a>
<a href="/2008book/karem.html">Egyptian Amb to EU<br />
Mahmoud Karem
</a>
<a href="/2008book/tarasyuk.html">Former Ukrainian Foreign Minister<br />
Borys Tarasyuk
</a>
</div>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div class="story">
<h2 class="workshop_year">Rome '08 Workshop</h2>
<!-- InstanceBeginEditable name="Main Content" -->
<h1>
How to Deal with the Current Challenges:
The Role of International Organizations </h1>
<h2 style="margin-bottom: 0;">
Ambassador Kirsti Lintonen</h2>
<h2 style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0;">Finnish Ambassador to the United Nations </h2>
<p align="center" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0;"><img src="images/lintonen.jpg" alt="Ambassador Kirsti Lintonen" width="114" height="139"></p>
<p style="margin-top: 0;">
I would like to begin by quoting our Workshop Chairman, Dr Weissinger-Baylon:
“in a world that is no longer unipolar, international organizations such
as the U.N., OSCE, EU and NATO must play a strong role. The U.N. is especially
vital because of the scope of its interests and because its involvement
brings international legitimacy.” </p>
<p>
This is very true. We are now in a new historical era and we cannot protect
ourselves by becoming gated communities. We have to be globally connected
by engaging others in a give and take. There has been an unparalleled world-wide
political awakening, making the global population more politically active
than ever before. This has to be taken duly into account. </p>
<p>
Decision-making at the U.N. has its well known problems and is therefore
often slow and cumbersome. However, the unparalleled legitimacy of its
decisions goes a long way to make up for the hiccups in the process. </p>
<p>
It is also important to note that the United Nations, as a truly global
actor, is not only able to, but also has a duty to address issues all over
the world. This is reflected in the scope of the peacekeeping missions
managed by the U.N. The geographical scope of peacekeeping covers countries
from Haiti to Timor Leste and there are now a total of over 100 000 personnel
working in 20 operations </p>
<p>
Much of the U.N.’s legitimacy derives from the fact that it is perceived
as neutral. In this regard it is extremely worrying that there are signs
of this perception changing. As the attacks in Baghdad and Algiers demonstrate,
the U.N. has become a direct target for terrorists. This is very dangerous
and troubling and everything must be done to reverse this development. </p>
<h2>CHANGES AND CHALLENGES</h2>
<p>
The organizations I mentioned have achieved a lot during their existence—the
U.N. for 63 years, the EU for 50 years, NATO since 1947 and the OSCE since
1975. Today, each of them is going through a reform process. This reflects
the fact that the world has changed tremendously, and, as a result, the
threats and challenges we face today are different. </p>
<p>
The pace of the change has surprised us all. Recent developments and the
resulting interlinkages should make us adopt a much more shared and comprehensive
approach. Take climate change, for example. Just as we had become fully
aware of the acute need to combat climate change, we were also confronted
with the interlinked issues of food crisis and energy crisis. </p>
<p>
The food crisis today may have developed as a consequence of several factors
like </p>
<UL>
<LI>
climate change </LI>
<LI>
energy crisis/biofuels </LI>
<LI>
lack of access to land </LI>
<LI>
poor soil </LI>
<LI>
trade policies/agricultural subsidies </LI>
<LI>
lack of interest by the World Bank and others concerning food production
in developing countries </LI>
</UL>
<p>
All these phenomena might lead to popular anger and create security risks
in one way or the other </p>
<p>
It is therefore important to keep in mind that most of the challenges we
face today are somehow interconnected. Climate change has severe implications
for security. Human rights and and the rule of law have a crucial role
in building sustainable peace. Development is essential for creating conditions
conducive to lasting peace. Peace and security, development and human rights
are interconnected and mutually reinforcing. </p>
<h2>A COMPREHENSIVE APPROACH </h2>
<p>
A comprehensive approach has been the main theme of our workshop, and we
have discussed it especially in the connection of NATO’s new strategy concept.
For a comprehensive approach to work, the U.N., EU, OSCE and NATO should
share a common vision and a common analysis of the situation, as the organizations
should complement each other’s work in order to be maximally effective. </p>
<p>
However, during this workshop we have learned that coordination and cooperation
is not functioning, one unfortunate example being Kosovo. UNMIK is not
taking leadership, and NATO and the EU are not able to cooperate and complement
each other’s actions. </p>
<p>
Why has it come to this in Kosovo? </p>
<UL>
<LI>
<I>Is the mandate not clear enough? </I>It is true that Security Council Resolutions
are often a result of compromises. The now-famous resolution 1244 on Kosovo
is not an exception. Clarity is therefore essential, especially on the
operational level. </LI>
<LI>
<I>Do the actors lack a common vision of the strategy and a shared starting
position?</I> If not, a comprehensive approach is badly needed, as well as
a common understanding of the facts relating to the situation. </LI>
<LI>
<I>Are the actors duplicating each other’s work or leaving things unaccomplished?</I>
If that is the case, coordination, leadership and a clear division of labour
are needed. </LI>
</UL>
<p>
If the actors do not share a strategy in the beginning, how can they agree
on timing and exit strategy? In today’s world, the issues we face are complex,
and cooperation of various organizations is desperately needed. At the
outset, the organizations need a common strategy, a mutually agreed division
of labour and a clear exit strategy. </p>
<h2>OSCE </h2>
<p>
As Finland has the Chairmanship of the OSCE during the year 2008, I take
it as my duty to respond to some of the criticism towards the current work
of the organization, as expressed here by some delegates. </p>
<p>
It is important to remember that decision-making at the OSCE is based on
consensus. The results depend on Member States. In post-conflict situations
in the region, it seems very difficult for the Member States to find consensus.
As a result, we haven’t always been able to stabilize post-conflict situations
without freezing the underlying problems. </p>
<p>
The OSCE has a comprehensive approach, which includes a politico-military
aspect, a human rights-human security aspect, and an economy-environment
aspect. </p>
<p>
Some of the problems we face in the OSCE are linked with the monitoring
of elections—a very important area, in which reform is needed to make the
monitoring applicable to every OSCE-country. </p>
<p>
Other problems stem from the implementation of treaties, like the one on
conventional arms. </p>
<p>
But despite these problems, the OSCE has since its inception been an important
instrument of peaceful change in Europe. It remains a valuable organization
and has potential to be an important actor in defence of democracy, peace
and human rights in the future as well. We need the political will to fully
employ it. The future of the OSCE depends on the Member States. </p>
<p></p>
<!-- InstanceEndEditable --></div>
</div>
<div class="style8" id="siteInfo"> <a href="#">Top of page </a> | <a href="../index.html">Home</a> | ©2009
Center for Strategic Decision Research</div>
</div>
<br>
</body>
<!-- InstanceEnd --></html>