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<title>CSDR 24th International Workshop on Global Security, Michele Alliot-Marie, Herve Morin, General Henri Bentegeat, General Jean-Louis Georgelin, General James L. Jones, Marc Perrin de Brichambaut, Patrick Auroy, Kent Schneider, Ambassador Mahmoud Karem, Admiral Giampaolo Di Paola, General Franciszek Gagor, Dr. Arthur T. Hopkins, George Joulwan, Borys Tarasyuk, Jean de Ponton d'Amécourt, General Rainer Schuwirth, General Egon Ramms, Gen Ulrich Wolf, Louis Gallois, Marwan Lahoud, Denis Ranque, Edgar Buckley, Assistant Secretary John Grimes, Tim Bloechl, EADS, Northrop Grumman, Microsoft, Robert Ranquet, Admiral Jean Betermier, Giovanni Bertolone, Robert Ranquet, Alenia Aeronautica, Roger Weissinger-Baylon, WMD, Weaapons of Mass Destruction, NATO, EU, UN, OSCE, Paris Air Show, French Defense Minister, Afghanistan, Iraq, Kosovo, Climate Change, Energy, Boeing</title>
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<p><span class="style293">international workshop series<br>
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<p align="center" class="style17"><strong>Table of Contents<br>
24th International Workshop - </strong><strong>Paris '07</strong></p>
<p align="center" class="style17"><span class="style18"><span class="style219"> </span>
<span class="style219"><a href="/2007book/weissinger07.htm">Preface- Dr. Roger<br>
Weissinger-Baylon<br>
Workshop Chairman<br>
</a></span><span class="style219"><a href="/2007book/ranquet07.htm">Foreword - Ing General<br>
Robert Ranquet<br>
</a></span>
<span class="style219"><a href="/2007book/joulwan07.htm">Opening Dinner Debate - <br>
General George Joulwan<br>
Former SACEUR<br>
</a></span></span><br>
Global security challenges: <br>
Is there hope for <br>
Afghanistan or Iraq?<br>
</p>
<p align="center" class="style17"><a href="/2007book/bentegeat07.htm">General Henri Bentegeat<br>
President of EU Military Committee</a>
<a href="/2007book/georgelin07">Gen Jean-Louis Georgelin C<strong>hef d’état</strong>-<strong>major</strong> des armées - France</a><a href="/2007book/amecourt07.htm">Mr. Jean de Ponton d'Amecourt - French Dir of Strategic Affairs</a><a href="/2007book/schuwirth07.htm">General Rainer Schuwirth <br>
Chief of Staff, SHAPE</a><a href="/2007book/ramms07.htm">General Egon Ramms <br>
Commander, Allied Joint Force Cmd, Brunssum</a>
<a href="/2007book/akram07.htm">
Amb Munir Akram<br>
Pakistan's Amb to UN</a><a href="/2007book/zhan07.htm">
Major Gen ZHAN Maohai<br>
Vice Chair of China IISS</a><br>
Energy & Climate Change<br>
<p align="center" class="style17"><a href="/2007book/jones07.htm">General James Jones<br>
Former Supreme Allied Commander Europe</a><a href="/2007book/ashton07.htm">Mr. John Ashton<br>
UK Special Repr for Climate Change</a><br>
Security in the Balkans & Black Sea region<br>
<p align="center" class="style17"><a href="/2007book/baramidze07.htm">Georgian Vice Prime Minister Giorgi Baramidze</a>
<a href="/2007book/tarasyuk07.htm">Ukrainian Foreign Minister Borys Tarasyuk</a>
<a href="/2007book/mediu07.htm">Albanian Defense Minister Fatmir Mediu</a><a href="/2007book/bliznakov07.htm">Bulgarian Defense Minister Veselin Bliznakov</a><a href="/2007book/bezhuashvili07.htm">Georgian Foreign Min Gela Bezhuashvili</a><a href="/2007book/ildem07.htm">Ambassador <strong> Tacan Ildem</strong><br>
Turkish Amb to NATO</a><a href="/2007book/buzhinsky07.htm">
Lt Gen Evgeniy Buzhinsky<br>
Russian Ministry of Defense</a><br>
Time for new strategies?<br>
NATO after the Riga Summit<br>
<p align="center" class="style17"><a href="/2007book/eldon07.htm">Amb Stewart Eldon<br>
UK Ambassador to NATO</a>
<a href="/2007book/orgaz07.htm">Amb Pablo Benavides Orgaz<br>
Spanish Amb to NATO</a>
<a href="/2007book/stefanini07.htm">Amb Stefano Stefanini <br>
Italian Amb to NATO</a><a href="/2007book/dipaola07.htm">Adm Giampaolo Di Paola<br>
Italian Chief of Defense<br>
</a><a href="/2007book/gagor07.htm">Gen Franciszek Gagor Polish Chief of Defense</a><br>
How can the EU, NATO, the OSCE, and UN reform?<br>
<p align="center" class="style17"><a href="/2007book/brichambaut07.htm">Amb Marc Perrin de Brichambaut<br>
OSCE Secretary General </a><a href="/2007book/lintonen07.htm">Amb Kirsti Lintonen Finnish Amb to UN</a>
<a href="/2007book/brodi07.htm">Amb Gabor Brodi<br>
Hungarian Amb to UN</a><a href="/2007book/rinkevics07.htm">State Sec Edgars Rinkevics - Latvian MOD</a><a href="/2007book/linkevicius07.htm">Amb Linas Linkevicius<br>
Lithuanian Amb to NATO<br>
</a>
<a href="/2007book/chizhov07.htm">Amb Vladimir Chizhov<br>
Russian Amb to the EU<br>
</a><a href="/2007book/monteforte07.htm">Vice Adm Ferdinando Sanfelice di Monteforte<br>
Italian Mil Repr to NATO</a><br>
Dealing with middle east:<br>Views from North Africa
<p align="center" class="style17"><a href="/2007book/yousfi07.htm">Amb Youcef Yousfi<br>
Algerian Amb to UN and former Foreign Minister</a><a href="/2007book/karem07.htm">Amb Mahmoud Karem<br>
Egyptian Amb to EU and Repr to Med Dialogue</a><a href="/2007book/alem07.htm">Amb Menouar Alem<br>
Moroccan Amb to EU and Repr to Med Dialogue<br>
</a>
<p align="center" class="style17">WMD and cyber threats
<p align="center" class="style17"><a href="/2007book/pfirter07.htm">Amb Rogelio Pfirter<br>
Director-General, OPCW</a>
<a href="/2007book/hopkins07.htm">Dr. Arthur T. Hopkins<br>
Assist to U.S. Sec of Defense - Nuclear & Chemical & Biological</a><a href="/2007book/aaviksoo07.htm">Estonian Defense Minister<br>
Jaak Aaviksoo</a><a href="/2007book/grimes07.htm">Hon John Grimes<br>
US Assistant Secretary of Defense - NII<br>
</a><a href="/2007book/lentz07.htm">Mr. Robert Lentz<br>
US Dep Asst Sec for NII<br>
</a><a href="/2007book/wolf07.htm">Lt General Ulrich Wolf<br>
Dir of NATO CIS Service Agency<br>
</a>
<a href="/2007book/bloechl07.htm">Mr. Tim Bloechl<br>
Microsoft Exec Director</a>
<p align="center" class="style17">How industry can help address the global challenges<p align="center" class="style17"><a href="/2007book/lahoud07.htm">Mr. Marwan Lahoud<br>
Chief Operating Office EADS</a><a href="/2007book/schneider07.htm">Mr. Kent Schneider<br>
President, Defense Group<br>
Northrop Grumman IT<br>
</a><a href="/2007book/auroy07.htm">Mr. Patrick Auroy<br>
Deputy Director,<br>
French DGA
<br>
</a><a href="/2007book/volkman07.htm">Mr. Alfred Volkman<br>
Dir, Defense Cooperation<br>
US Dept of Defense<br>
</a>
<a href="/2007book/linnenkamp07.htm">Dr. Hilmar Linnenkamp<br>
Dep CEO, EDA</a>
<a href="/2007book/lind07.htm">Mr. Jan-Olof Lind<br>
Swedish National Armaments Director</a>
<a href="/2007book/buckley07.htm">Dr. Edgar Buckley<br>
Thales Senior Vice President</a>
<a href="/2007book/trice07">Dr. Robert Trice<br>
Lockheed Martin <br>
Senior Vice President<br>
</a><a href="/2007book/bertolone07.htm">Ing. Giovanni Bertolone<br>
CEO, Alenia Aeronautica</a>
<p align="center" class="style17">The way ahead & why current approaches don't work
<p align="center" class="style17"><a href="/2007book/martinusz07.htm">Amb Zoltan Martinusz<br>
Hungarian Amb to NATO<br>
</a><a href="/2007book/ducaru07.htm">Amb Dumitru Sorin Ducaru<br>
Romanian Amb to NATO</a><a href="/2007book/kujat07.htm"> General Harald Kujat<br>
Former Chair of NATO Military Committee</a>
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<table width="100%" border="0">
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#006699" height="18" colspan="5"><div align="center" class="style285" style="font-weight: bold; color: #FFFFFF">Paris '07 Workshop</div></td>
</tr>
</table>
<p align="center" class="style26">Major Challenges in the Black Sea Area</p>
<div align="center">
<table width="632" border="0">
<tr>
<td width="326"><div align="center" class=""><strong><img src="2007images/DSC_1006 Borys Tarasyuk and Giorgi Baramidze DAY III.JPG" alt="Ukraine's Foreign Min Borys Tarasyuk (on left)" width="318" height="211"></strong>
<table width="100%" height="26" border="0">
<tr>
<td><p>Ukrainian former Foreign Minister Borys Tarasyuk (left) speaks with Georgian Vice Prime Minister Giorgi Baramidze.</p></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div></td>
<td width="0"><div align="center"></div></td>
<td width="310"><div align="center" class="style27">
<div>
<p class="style26">His Excellency Borys Tarasyuk<br>
former Foreign Minister of Ukraine<br>
</p>
</div>
</div></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p align="center" class="style26"><em>"conflicts [in the Black Sea region] undermine the energy security not only of the countries <br>
in the
region but for all of Europe,
and they also undermine the concerted efforts <br>
of
the international community
to curb drug-trafficking, <br>
armament smuggling, and
organized crime..."</em></p>
<p>In the Black Sea area, I
see five major challenges: the protracted, or �frozen,� conflicts in the area,
and here I mean Transdnistria, Abkhazia, South Ossetia, and Nagorno-Karabakh;
the foreign military presence in the countries of the region; energy security,
which is a challenge not only to the region but to the entire Euro-Atlantic
community; regional borders that are being challenged or are in the process of
settlement; and of course the various ethnic factors. I am going to focus on the
concerted efforts that are needed to tackle all of these challenges.</p>
<p align="center" class="style26">ISSUES IN TRANSDNISTRIA</p>
<p>����������� To begin, I
would like to say a few words about the Transdnistria separatist issue.
Separatism in Transdnistria and Moldova resulted from a short civil war back in
1992. Now we are facing a new element in this still separatist regime, which is
that the referendum that was held in the fall of 2006, which was not recognized
by the international community, resulted in asking the people of Transdnistria
if they would like to join Russia. You can imagine what the answer was, adding
a new dimension to the situation.� </p>
<p>Currently the remnants of
the14th army of the Soviet Union, 1,300 to 1,400 soldiers, are still in
Transdnistria. Complicating the situation are the huge stores of armaments left
by the 14th army, amounting to 25,000 tons of ammunition and
armaments that are not being monitored, or, I should say, that the Russians are
not allowing to be monitored, which was suggested by the OSCE. So no one knows
what is happening with these stocks of armaments.� </p>
<p>Transdnistria is known all
over Europe as a kind of black hole of Europe, since it was and still is a
source of smuggling of goods and armaments. Also, this is an area in which
small and medium-sized armaments and ammunitions are being produced and,
because they are not marked, being spread not only throughout this area but
throughout Europe and the world for illegal use. Representatives of the Russian
nationality are also acquiring Russian passports against Romanians who are
acquiring Romanian passports in Moldova, and the same is being done by the
Ukrainians, which makes for a very serious situation. </p>
<p align="center" class="style26">CONFLICT-RESOLUTION EFFORTS</p>
<p>What is being done to
settle this conflict? Since 1992, four countries have tried to settle it: Ukraine, Russia, Moldova, and Romania.� That group became the so-called five, with Ukraine and Russia as guarantors of a peaceful settlement, OSCE as a participant, and Moldova and Transdnistria. Since 2005, when President Yuschenko put forward his settlement
plan called �Settlement through Democracy,� and with the efforts of Ukraine, two major global players�the European Union and the United States�have been part of the
settlement process. In December 2005, the European Union began its unique
mission on the border between Ukraine and Moldova, known as the EU Border
Assistance Mission.� </p>
<p>What are the problems here?
Recently Russia and Moldova began to deviate from working with the group of
five, which is very alarming. They held a summit in which they separately
discussed a settlement plan away from the others involved. While there is now a
stalemate in negotiations, we need to look at the so-called mechanism of
peaceful settlement�I believe the OSCE-led civil observation mission will be
the answer. The issues of Abzkhazia and South Ossetia I leave for my colleague,
Minister Bezhuashvili, to discuss. </p>
<p align="center" class="style26">THE CONSEQUENCES OF PROTRACTED CONFLICTS</p>
<p>What are the consequences
of the protracted or frozen conflicts for the entire Euro-Atlantic region?
These conflicts undermine the energy security not only of the countries in the
region but for all of Europe, and they also undermine the concerted efforts of
the international community to curb drug-trafficking, armament smuggling, and
organized crime, which are the real challenges to security. </p>
<p>Regarding another
challenge, the military presence, one can mention Georgia and Moldova as examples of Russians not fulfilling their commitments under the Istanbul OSCE
summit to withdraw their troops. Another example is Ukraine, where the presence
of the Russian Black Sea Fleet is alarming. We are concerned that the fleet
command is not fulfilling both the bilateral commitments and Ukrainian
legislation, and as such the fleet may be a destabilizing factor because of
noncompliance. While consultations are taking place between Ukraine and Russia, no major solution has been reached at this time. What is needed is compliance
with the bilateral agreements and with Ukrainian legislation as well as preparations
for withdrawal of the Russian Black Sea fleet by 2017.</p>
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