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<title>CSDR 24th International Workshop on Global Security, Michele Alliot-Marie, Herve Morin, General Henri Bentegeat, General Jean-Louis Georgelin, General James L. Jones, Marc Perrin de Brichambaut, Patrick Auroy, Kent Schneider, Ambassador Mahmoud Karem, Admiral Giampaolo Di Paola, General Franciszek Gagor, Dr. Arthur T. Hopkins, George Joulwan, Borys Tarasyuk, Jean de Ponton d'Amécourt, General Rainer Schuwirth, General Egon Ramms, Gen Ulrich Wolf, Louis Gallois, Marwan Lahoud, Denis Ranque, Edgar Buckley, Assistant Secretary John Grimes, Tim Bloechl, EADS, Northrop Grumman, Microsoft, Robert Ranquet, Admiral Jean Betermier, Giovanni Bertolone, Robert Ranquet, Alenia Aeronautica, Roger Weissinger-Baylon, WMD, Weaapons of Mass Destruction, NATO, EU, UN, OSCE, Paris Air Show, French Defense Minister, Afghanistan, Iraq, Kosovo, Climate Change, Energy, Boeing</title>
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<p><span class="style293">international workshop series<br>
on global security </span><br>
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<p align="center" class="style17"><strong>Table of Contents<br>
24th International Workshop - </strong><strong>Paris '07</strong></p>
<p align="center" class="style17"><span class="style18"><span class="style219"> </span>
<span class="style219"><a href="/2007book/weissinger07.htm">Preface- Dr. Roger<br>
Weissinger-Baylon<br>
Workshop Chairman<br>
</a></span><span class="style219"><a href="/2007book/ranquet07.htm">Foreword - Ing General<br>
Robert Ranquet<br>
</a></span>
<span class="style219"><a href="/2007book/joulwan07.htm">Opening Dinner Debate - <br>
General George Joulwan<br>
Former SACEUR<br>
</a></span></span><br>
Global security challenges: <br>
Is there hope for <br>
Afghanistan or Iraq?<br>
</p>
<p align="center" class="style17"><a href="/2007book/bentegeat07.htm">General Henri Bentegeat<br>
President of EU Military Committee</a>
<a href="/2007book/georgelin07">Gen Jean-Louis Georgelin C<strong>hef d’état</strong>-<strong>major</strong> des armées - France</a><a href="/2007book/amecourt07.htm">Mr. Jean de Ponton d'Amecourt - French Dir of Strategic Affairs</a><a href="/2007book/schuwirth07.htm">General Rainer Schuwirth <br>
Chief of Staff, SHAPE</a><a href="/2007book/ramms07.htm">General Egon Ramms <br>
Commander, Allied Joint Force Cmd, Brunssum</a>
<a href="/2007book/akram07.htm">
Amb Munir Akram<br>
Pakistan's Amb to UN</a><a href="/2007book/zhan07.htm">
Major Gen ZHAN Maohai<br>
Vice Chair of China IISS</a><br>
Energy & Climate Change<br>
<p align="center" class="style17"><a href="/2007book/jones07.htm">General James Jones<br>
Former Supreme Allied Commander Europe</a><a href="/2007book/ashton07.htm">Mr. John Ashton<br>
UK Special Repr for Climate Change</a><br>
Security in the Balkans & Black Sea region<br>
<p align="center" class="style17"><a href="/2007book/baramidze07.htm">Georgian Vice Prime Minister Giorgi Baramidze</a>
<a href="/2007book/tarasyuk07.htm">Ukrainian Foreign Minister Borys Tarasyuk</a>
<a href="/2007book/mediu07.htm">Albanian Defense Minister Fatmir Mediu</a><a href="/2007book/bliznakov07.htm">Bulgarian Defense Minister Veselin Bliznakov</a><a href="/2007book/bezhuashvili07.htm">Georgian Foreign Min Gela Bezhuashvili</a><a href="/2007book/ildem07.htm">Ambassador <strong> Tacan Ildem</strong><br>
Turkish Amb to NATO</a><a href="/2007book/buzhinsky07.htm">
Lt Gen Evgeniy Buzhinsky<br>
Russian Ministry of Defense</a><br>
Time for new strategies?<br>
NATO after the Riga Summit<br>
<p align="center" class="style17"><a href="/2007book/eldon07.htm">Amb Stewart Eldon<br>
UK Ambassador to NATO</a>
<a href="/2007book/orgaz07.htm">Amb Pablo Benavides Orgaz<br>
Spanish Amb to NATO</a>
<a href="/2007book/stefanini07.htm">Amb Stefano Stefanini <br>
Italian Amb to NATO</a><a href="/2007book/dipaola07.htm">Adm Giampaolo Di Paola<br>
Italian Chief of Defense<br>
</a><a href="/2007book/gagor07.htm">Gen Franciszek Gagor Polish Chief of Defense</a><br>
How can the EU, NATO, the OSCE, and UN reform?<br>
<p align="center" class="style17"><a href="/2007book/brichambaut07.htm">Amb Marc Perrin de Brichambaut<br>
OSCE Secretary General </a><a href="/2007book/lintonen07.htm">Amb Kirsti Lintonen Finnish Amb to UN</a>
<a href="/2007book/brodi07.htm">Amb Gabor Brodi<br>
Hungarian Amb to UN</a><a href="/2007book/rinkevics07.htm">State Sec Edgars Rinkevics - Latvian MOD</a><a href="/2007book/linkevicius07.htm">Amb Linas Linkevicius<br>
Lithuanian Amb to NATO<br>
</a>
<a href="/2007book/chizhov07.htm">Amb Vladimir Chizhov<br>
Russian Amb to the EU<br>
</a><a href="/2007book/monteforte07.htm">Vice Adm Ferdinando Sanfelice di Monteforte<br>
Italian Mil Repr to NATO</a><br>
Dealing with middle east:<br>Views from North Africa
<p align="center" class="style17"><a href="/2007book/yousfi07.htm">Amb Youcef Yousfi<br>
Algerian Amb to UN and former Foreign Minister</a><a href="/2007book/karem07.htm">Amb Mahmoud Karem<br>
Egyptian Amb to EU and Repr to Med Dialogue</a><a href="/2007book/alem07.htm">Amb Menouar Alem<br>
Moroccan Amb to EU and Repr to Med Dialogue<br>
</a>
<p align="center" class="style17">WMD and cyber threats
<p align="center" class="style17"><a href="/2007book/pfirter07.htm">Amb Rogelio Pfirter<br>
Director-General, OPCW</a>
<a href="/2007book/hopkins07.htm">Dr. Arthur T. Hopkins<br>
Assist to U.S. Sec of Defense - Nuclear & Chemical & Biological</a><a href="/2007book/aaviksoo07.htm">Estonian Defense Minister<br>
Jaak Aaviksoo</a><a href="/2007book/grimes07.htm">Hon John Grimes<br>
US Assistant Secretary of Defense - NII<br>
</a><a href="/2007book/lentz07.htm">Mr. Robert Lentz<br>
US Dep Asst Sec for NII<br>
</a><a href="/2007book/wolf07.htm">Lt General Ulrich Wolf<br>
Dir of NATO CIS Service Agency<br>
</a>
<a href="/2007book/bloechl07.htm">Mr. Tim Bloechl<br>
Microsoft Exec Director</a>
<p align="center" class="style17">How industry can help address the global challenges<p align="center" class="style17"><a href="/2007book/lahoud07.htm">Mr. Marwan Lahoud<br>
Chief Operating Office EADS</a><a href="/2007book/schneider07.htm">Mr. Kent Schneider<br>
President, Defense Group<br>
Northrop Grumman IT<br>
</a><a href="/2007book/auroy07.htm">Mr. Patrick Auroy<br>
Deputy Director,<br>
French DGA
<br>
</a><a href="/2007book/volkman07.htm">Mr. Alfred Volkman<br>
Dir, Defense Cooperation<br>
US Dept of Defense<br>
</a>
<a href="/2007book/linnenkamp07.htm">Dr. Hilmar Linnenkamp<br>
Dep CEO, EDA</a>
<a href="/2007book/lind07.htm">Mr. Jan-Olof Lind<br>
Swedish National Armaments Director</a>
<a href="/2007book/buckley07.htm">Dr. Edgar Buckley<br>
Thales Senior Vice President</a>
<a href="/2007book/trice07">Dr. Robert Trice<br>
Lockheed Martin <br>
Senior Vice President<br>
</a><a href="/2007book/bertolone07.htm">Ing. Giovanni Bertolone<br>
CEO, Alenia Aeronautica</a>
<p align="center" class="style17">The way ahead & why current approaches don't work
<p align="center" class="style17"><a href="/2007book/martinusz07.htm">Amb Zoltan Martinusz<br>
Hungarian Amb to NATO<br>
</a><a href="/2007book/ducaru07.htm">Amb Dumitru Sorin Ducaru<br>
Romanian Amb to NATO</a><a href="/2007book/kujat07.htm"> General Harald Kujat<br>
Former Chair of NATO Military Committee</a>
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<tr>
<td bgcolor="#006699" height="18" colspan="5"><div align="center" class="style285" style="font-weight: bold; color: #FFFFFF">Paris '07 Workshop</div></td>
</tr>
</table>
<div align="center" class="style26">Europeanization, Industrial Cooperation, and the 3 Cs (Capability Development, Competence, and Competition)<br>
<br>
</div>
<div class=Section1>
<div align="center">
<table width="561" border="0">
<tr>
<td width="329"><div align="center" class=""></a></div>
<img src="2007images/Linnenkamp DSC_1241 Panel - Relationships between Govt and Defense Industries in a Global industrial base DAY IV.JPG" alt="Dr. Hilmar Linnenkamp (left)" width="321" height="222"></td>
<td width="0" rowspan="2"><div align="center"></div></td>
<td width="218" rowspan="2"><div align="center" class="style27">
<div>
<p class="style26">Dr. Hilmar Linnenkamp<br>
Deputy Chief Executive<br>
European Defense Agency<br>
</p>
</div>
</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">Dr. Hilmar Linnenkamp (left), Deputy Chief Executive, European Defense Agency, with U.S. Dir of International Cooperation Alfred Volkman.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<p align="center" class="style26"><em>"...currently in Europe more than 20 different armored
fighting vehicles are in the plans of member-states, <br>
though not yet on the
order books. There are also 15 different versions being planned for equipping
<br>
the 21st-century soldier, which is not the best way forward, since
these soldiers will need...</em><em> to fight<br>
together.
It is economic nonsense,
obviously, but it is also operational nonsense..."</em></p>
<p>In
Berlin in 2006, the workshop focused on technology and technology transfer.
Today, the subject is a little more general and I welcome talking about
globalization and its good, bad, and ugly aspects. </p>
<p align="center" class="style26">THE NEED FOR EUROPEANIZATION</p>
<p>I�d like to start by saying that for European NATO
member-states of the European Defense Agency�26 out of the 27 members (Denmark
is not with us yet)�we can�t talk seriously about globalization until we have
talked about Europeanization. That is because 26 or 27 Pentagons need to come
together in Europe. For those of you from the United States, you know what it
means to have a Pentagon and how difficult it can be to structure relationships
between government and industry. Imagine how difficult it would be with a
26-member-state consortium of public administrations. So the global industrial
base in my view requires a strong contribution from the European industrial
base, which is exactly what I am going to talk about.� </p>
<p>��������� Traditionally,
in Europe, governments and the member-state industrial bases are very close.
It is normally quite a national affair to have governments act with their
industries. There is even a legal precaution to protect this special
relationship, the famous article 296 of the European Union Treaties. This
important protective device supports not a�
�Fortress Europe� but national closeness between member-state governments and
their industries.� </p>
<p>��������� There
is also national closeness between member-states and the equipment their armed
forces use. But as General Joulwan and Al Volkman mentioned, we want to give
our war fighters the best equipment possible as well as the best equipment for
working together, which means standardized or common equipment. It is not
heartening to see that currently in Europe more than 20 different armored
fighting vehicles are in the plans of member-states, though not yet on the
order books.� There are also 15 different versions being planned for equipping
the 21st-century soldier, which is not the best way forward, since
these soldiers will need to be able to fight together. It is economic nonsense,
obviously, but it is also operational nonsense, because interoperability is
going to be a big subject and logistical diversity is going to be very
expensive.</p>
<p align="center" class="style26">EFFECTING INDUSTRIAL CONSOLIDATION </p>
<p>��������� Everyone
knows that a lot of consolidation has taken place in the air force and in the
air and space industry. But there has not been enough industrial consolidation.
The European Defense Agency has been called on to change that, which will be
difficult, but let me tell you about the work that the agency is now engaged in
to create a truly European defense technological and industrial base.� </p>
<p>��������� When
I spoke about this in 2006, it was still just a plan for getting the member-states together to merge their views on a European industrial base. Since then we have
come together. For example, the armaments directors of all 26 member-states got
together and defined some important characteristics of such a European base. We
also invented the �Three Cs�: the armaments directors and the governments said
that a European base needs to be capability driven, to serve the needs of the
war fighter; it needs to be competent; and it needs to be competitive, because
on the global market European member-state industries
will not survive if they don�t work together.� </p>
<p>��������� This
has nothing to do with creating a fortress, and I am grateful that Al Volkman
has always understood that this is not the case. The idea is to make the
European defense technological and industrial bas<del>e </del>stronger. In
this way we will be both a better partner and a better competitor on the global
market. </p>
<p align="center" class="style26">WORKING TOWARD THE THREE Cs</p>
<p>��������� Clearly
a responsibility of the agency is to work toward the Three Cs. </p>
<p>Regarding
capability, a major goal of the agency through mid-year 2007 is to create what
we call a capability development plan, a plan that looks much further than the
current European Union force planning mechanism. Although the Headline Goal
goes until 2010 - 2010 is yesterday in technological and armament procurement terms, so we
need to go well beyond that and try to consolidate and harmonize the
requirements side of the armaments and defense technology business. </p>
<p>��������� Regarding
the second C, competence, here we are making major efforts on the research and
technology side, which was not the case in 2006. We have been able to create a
fund that concentrates on force protection activities in research and
technology. For the first time, European member-states have committed to
putting money into a fund without knowing ahead of time where the money will
end up. This is not a <i>juste retour</i> exercise, but a global balancing
exercise, and is a small revolution in European affairs. </p>
<p>��������� Concerning
the question of competition, I like very much the metaphor Al Volkman used when
he spoke about creative destruction � a concept that the
famous German-American Joseph Schumpeter invented. Competition needs to be
strengthened on the European market. The borders between the member-states need
to become lower - a
point that the agency is working toward with the famous voluntary code of conduct for
defense procurement in Europe. The member-states seem to be taking the code
seriously, and we currently have roughly 10 billion on the �border crossing
bulletin board� of the European Defense Agency. However, the proof of the
pudding is in the eating, and we do not yet have many cross-border contracts.
But this is still a young exercise and we are quite hopeful that cross-border
contracts will increase and become a real step toward change in European
defense procurement. </p>
<p align="center" class="style26">CONCLUDING REMARKS </p>
<p>All in all, I think that the contributions of the
European NATO member-states are bringing about not a bad and
not an ugly but a good globalized defense market by strengthening their own
base. Europeans are taking the needed major step towards Europeanization, which
must precede globalization.� </p>
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