|
Server : Apache/2.4.62 System : FreeBSD fbsdweb2.web.rcn.net 14.1-RELEASE FreeBSD 14.1-RELEASE releng/14.1-n267679-10e31f0946d8 GENERIC amd64 User : www ( 80) PHP Version : 8.3.8 Disable Function : NONE Directory : /domains/roger.dnai/2007book/ |
Upload File : |
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html><!-- InstanceBegin template="/Templates/2007template.dwt" codeOutsideHTMLIsLocked="false" -->
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
<!-- InstanceBeginEditable name="doctitle" -->
<title>CSDR 24th International Workshop on Global Security, Michele Alliot-Marie,
Franz-Josef Jung, General Henri Bentegeat, General James L. Jones, General
George Joulwan, Borys Tarasyuk, Jean de Ponton d'Amécourt, General Rainer
Schuwirth, General Egon Ramms, Louis Gallois, Denis Ranque, BDLI, Berlin
Air Show, EADS, Northrop Grumman, Microsoft</title>
<!-- InstanceEndEditable -->
<link rel="stylesheet" href="/2002Book/emx_nav_right.css" type="text/css">
<style type="text/css">
<!--
.style5 {font-weight: bold;
color: #000000;
font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;
font-size: large;
}
.style7 {font-size: 2px}
.style8 {font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif}
.style17 {
font-size: x-small;
font-weight: bold;
}
.style18 {font-size: x-small}
.style217 {font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif}
.style219 {font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-family: Verdana, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; }
.style19 {font-size: 11px}
.style20 {
color: #006699;
font-size: large;
}
.style21 {font-size: small}
.style22 {font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: small; }
-->
</style>
<style type="text/css">
<!--
.style23 {font-size: medium}
.style24 {font-size: large}
.style25 {
color: #006699;
font-weight: bold;
font-style: italic;
}
.style26 {
color: #006699;
font-size: medium;
font-weight: bold;
}
.style27 {
color: #006699;
font-size: medium;
}
.style293 {
font-size: large;
color: black;
}
-->
</style>
<!-- InstanceBeginEditable name="head" --><!-- InstanceEndEditable -->
</head>
<body>
<div class="skipLinks">skip to: <a href="#content">page content</a> | <a href="../book2007TEST/2002Book/pageNav">links on this page</a> | <a href="#globalNav">site navigation</a> | <a href="#siteInfo">footer (site information)</a> </div>
<div id="masthead">
<h1 align="center" id="siteName"><strong>Center for Strategic Decision Research</strong></h1>
<div id="globalNav"> <div id="globalLink">
<a href="/index.html" id="gl1" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Home</span></span></a><a href="/2007book/joulwan07" id="gl2" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Paris '07</span></span></a><a href="/2006book/jung.htm" id="gl2" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Berlin '06</span></span></a><a href="/2005book/alliotmarie.htm" id="gl2" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Paris '05</span></span></a><a href="/2004book/PeterStruckKeynote.htm" id="gl3" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Berlin '04</span></span></a><a href="/moscow03/weissingerbaylon.htm" id="gl4" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Moscow '03</span></span></a><a href="/berlin02/scharping.htm" id="gl5" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Berlin '02</span></span></a><a href="/2001Book/workshop2001.htm" id="gl6" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Helsinger '01</span></span></a><a href="/2000Book/workshop2000.htm" id="gl6" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Berlin '00</span></span></a><a href="/99Book/workshop1999.htm" id="gl6" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Budapest '99</span></span></a><a href="/98Book/workshop98.htm" id="gl6" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Vienna '98</span></span></a><a href="/97Book/workshop97.htm" id="gl6" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Prague '97</span></span></a><a href="/96Book/Workshop96.htm" id="gl7" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Warsaw '96</span></span></a>
<a href="/95Book/95Workshop.htm" id="gl8" class="glink"><span class="style18"><span class="style19">Dresden '95</span></span></a></div>
</div>
</div>
<div id="pagecell1">
<div id="breadCrumb"><br>
<table width="386" border="0" align="center">
<tr>
<td width="66" height="68"><p><img src="../2004book/logo-kevin-web.jpg" alt="csdr logo" width="60" height="66"></p> </td>
<td width="340"><div align="left" class="style262">
<p><span class="style293">international workshop series<br>
on global security </span><br>
</p>
</div></td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<div id="pageNav">
<div id="sectionLinks">
<p align="center" class="style17"><strong>Table of Contents<br>
24th International Workshop - </strong><strong>Paris '07</strong></p>
<p align="center" class="style17"><span class="style18"><span class="style219"> </span>
<span class="style219"><a href="/2007book/weissinger07.htm">Preface- Dr. Roger<br>
Weissinger-Baylon<br>
Workshop Chairman<br>
</a></span><span class="style219"><a href="/2007book/ranquet07.htm">Foreword - Ing General<br>
Robert Ranquet<br>
</a></span>
<span class="style219"><a href="/2007book/joulwan07.htm">Opening Dinner Debate - <br>
General George Joulwan<br>
Former SACEUR<br>
</a></span></span><br>
Global security challenges: <br>
Is there hope for <br>
Afghanistan or Iraq?<br>
</p>
<p align="center" class="style17"><a href="/2007book/bentegeat07.htm">General Henri Bentegeat<br>
President of EU Military Committee</a>
<a href="/2007book/georgelin07">Gen Jean-Louis Georgelin C<strong>hef d’état</strong>-<strong>major</strong> des armées - France</a><a href="/2007book/amecourt07.htm">Mr. Jean de Ponton d'Amecourt - French Dir of Strategic Affairs</a><a href="/2007book/schuwirth07.htm">General Rainer Schuwirth <br>
Chief of Staff, SHAPE</a><a href="/2007book/ramms07.htm">General Egon Ramms <br>
Commander, Allied Joint Force Cmd, Brunssum</a>
<a href="/2007book/akram07.htm">
Amb Munir Akram<br>
Pakistan's Amb to UN</a><a href="/2007book/zhan07.htm">
Major Gen ZHAN Maohai<br>
Vice Chair of China IISS</a><br>
Energy & Climate Change<br>
<p align="center" class="style17"><a href="/2007book/jones07.htm">General James Jones<br>
Former Supreme Allied Commander Europe</a><a href="/2007book/ashton07.htm">Mr. John Ashton<br>
UK Special Repr for Climate Change</a><br>
Security in the Balkans & Black Sea region<br>
<p align="center" class="style17"><a href="/2007book/baramidze07.htm">Georgian Vice Prime Minister Giorgi Baramidze</a>
<a href="/2007book/tarasyuk07.htm">Ukrainian Foreign Minister Borys Tarasyuk</a>
<a href="/2007book/mediu07.htm">Albanian Defense Minister Fatmir Mediu</a><a href="/2007book/bliznakov07.htm">Bulgarian Defense Minister Veselin Bliznakov</a><a href="/2007book/bezhuashvili07.htm">Georgian Foreign Min Gela Bezhuashvili</a><a href="/2007book/ildem07.htm">Ambassador <strong> Tacan Ildem</strong><br>
Turkish Amb to NATO</a><a href="/2007book/buzhinsky07.htm">
Lt Gen Evgeniy Buzhinsky<br>
Russian Ministry of Defense</a><br>
Time for new strategies?<br>
NATO after the Riga Summit<br>
<p align="center" class="style17"><a href="/2007book/eldon07.htm">Amb Stewart Eldon<br>
UK Ambassador to NATO</a>
<a href="/2007book/orgaz07.htm">Amb Pablo Benavides Orgaz<br>
Spanish Amb to NATO</a>
<a href="/2007book/stefanini07.htm">Amb Stefano Stefanini <br>
Italian Amb to NATO</a><a href="/2007book/dipaola07.htm">Adm Giampaolo Di Paola<br>
Italian Chief of Defense<br>
</a><a href="/2007book/gagor07.htm">Gen Franciszek Gagor Polish Chief of Defense</a><br>
How can the EU, NATO, the OSCE, and UN reform?<br>
<p align="center" class="style17"><a href="/2007book/brichambaut07.htm">Amb Marc Perrin de Brichambaut<br>
OSCE Secretary General </a><a href="/2007book/lintonen07.htm">Amb Kirsti Lintonen Finnish Amb to UN</a>
<a href="/2007book/brodi07.htm">Amb Gabor Brodi<br>
Hungarian Amb to UN</a><a href="/2007book/rinkevics07.htm">State Sec Edgars Rinkevics - Latvian MOD</a><a href="/2007book/linkevicius07.htm">Amb Linas Linkevicius<br>
Lithuanian Amb to NATO<br>
</a>
<a href="/2007book/chizhov07.htm">Amb Vladimir Chizhov<br>
Russian Amb to the EU<br>
</a><a href="/2007book/monteforte07.htm">Vice Adm Ferdinando Sanfelice di Monteforte<br>
Italian Mil Repr to NATO</a><br>
Dealing with middle east:<br>Views from North Africa
<p align="center" class="style17"><a href="/2007book/yousfi07.htm">Amb Youcef Yousfi<br>
Algerian Amb to UN and former Foreign Minister</a><a href="/2007book/karem07.htm">Amb Mahmoud Karem<br>
Egyptian Amb to EU and Repr to Med Dialogue</a><a href="/2007book/alem07.htm">Amb Menouar Alem<br>
Moroccan Amb to EU and Repr to Med Dialogue<br>
</a>
<p align="center" class="style17">WMD and cyber threats
<p align="center" class="style17"><a href="/2007book/pfirter07.htm">Amb Rogelio Pfirter<br>
Director-General, OPCW</a>
<a href="/2007book/hopkins07.htm">Dr. Arthur T. Hopkins<br>
Assist to U.S. Sec of Defense - Nuclear & Chemical & Biological</a><a href="/2007book/aaviksoo07.htm">Estonian Defense Minister<br>
Jaak Aaviksoo</a><a href="/2007book/grimes07.htm">Hon John Grimes<br>
US Assistant Secretary of Defense - NII<br>
</a><a href="/2007book/lentz07.htm">Mr. Robert Lentz<br>
US Dep Asst Sec for NII<br>
</a><a href="/2007book/wolf07.htm">Lt General Ulrich Wolf<br>
Dir of NATO CIS Service Agency<br>
</a>
<a href="/2007book/bloechl07.htm">Mr. Tim Bloechl<br>
Microsoft Exec Director</a>
<p align="center" class="style17">How industry can help address the global challenges<p align="center" class="style17"><a href="/2007book/lahoud07.htm">Mr. Marwan Lahoud<br>
Chief Operating Office EADS</a><a href="/2007book/schneider07.htm">Mr. Kent Schneider<br>
President, Defense Group<br>
Northrop Grumman IT<br>
</a><a href="/2007book/auroy07.htm">Mr. Patrick Auroy<br>
Deputy Director,<br>
French DGA
<br>
</a><a href="/2007book/volkman07.htm">Mr. Alfred Volkman<br>
Dir, Defense Cooperation<br>
US Dept of Defense<br>
</a>
<a href="/2007book/linnenkamp07.htm">Dr. Hilmar Linnenkamp<br>
Dep CEO, EDA</a>
<a href="/2007book/lind07.htm">Mr. Jan-Olof Lind<br>
Swedish National Armaments Director</a>
<a href="/2007book/buckley07.htm">Dr. Edgar Buckley<br>
Thales Senior Vice President</a>
<a href="/2007book/trice07">Dr. Robert Trice<br>
Lockheed Martin <br>
Senior Vice President<br>
</a><a href="/2007book/bertolone07.htm">Ing. Giovanni Bertolone<br>
CEO, Alenia Aeronautica</a>
<p align="center" class="style17">The way ahead & why current approaches don't work
<p align="center" class="style17"><a href="/2007book/martinusz07.htm">Amb Zoltan Martinusz<br>
Hungarian Amb to NATO<br>
</a><a href="/2007book/ducaru07.htm">Amb Dumitru Sorin Ducaru<br>
Romanian Amb to NATO</a><a href="/2007book/kujat07.htm"> General Harald Kujat<br>
Former Chair of NATO Military Committee</a>
</div>
</div>
<div id="content">
<div class="story"><!-- InstanceBeginEditable name="EditRegion3" -->
<table width="100%" border="0">
<tr>
<td bgcolor="#006699" height="18" colspan="5"><div align="center" class="style285" style="font-weight: bold; color: #FFFFFF">Paris '07 Workshop</div></td>
</tr>
</table>
<div class=Section1>
<p align=center class=style27 style='text-align:center'><strong>Cyber-Defense: Estonia's Recent Experience of this <span style="text-align:center">Unnoticed Third World War</span></strong></p>
<div align="center">
<table width="631" border="0">
<tr>
<td width="324"><div align="center" class=""><em><img src="2007images/Aaviksoo DSC_1098-1 Henri Serres, John Grimes, Tim Bloechl, Ulrich Wolf, Jaak Aaviksoo, Robert Lentz DAY III.JPG" alt="Estonian Def Minister Jaak Aaviksoo" width="316" height="268"></em></div></td>
<td width="12" rowspan="2"><div align="center"></div></td>
<td width="281" rowspan="2"><div align="center" >
<p class="style26">His Excellency Jaak Aaviksoo<br>
Minister of Defense of Estonia</p>
</div></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td align="left">His Excellency Jaak Aaviksoo, Minister of Defense of Estonia.</td>
</tr>
</table>
</div>
<!-- Start of StatCounter Code -->
<script type="text/javascript">
var sc_project=3086157;
var sc_invisible=0;
var sc_partition=27;
var sc_security="33bf0688";
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="http://www.statcounter.com/counter/counter_xhtml.js"></script><noscript><div class="statcounter"><a class="statcounter" href="http://www.statcounter.com/"><img class="statcounter" src="http://c28.statcounter.com/3086157/0/33bf0688/0/" alt="free website hit counter" /></a></div></noscript>
<!-- End of StatCounter Code -->
<div align="center"></div>
<p align=center class=style26 style='text-align:center'><em>"...cyber-defense will not work if there are national or international judicial gaps. The choice...is not to <br>
change our way of life or stop developing technology
that makes our world a better place, <br>
but to effectively stop those who... attack our way of life by abusing that technology."</em></p>
<p align=center class=style26 style='text-align:center'>OPENING REMARKS</p>
<p>Thank you for inviting me to speak here today on a
topic that in my opinion deserves more attention than it has gotten,
specifically, the topic of this panel, �Cyber-Defense: The Unnoticed Third
World War.� I believe this topic reflects the reality of today. Whereas
conventional threats have more or less stayed the same, a new and potentially
more menacing type of activity has arisen that so far has not been given much
consideration. One could even say that it has been deliberately isolated
in cyber-space and dealt with only on the margins�until events in cyber-space
made us pause and re-think the issue�s impact on our security.</p>
<p align="center" class="style26">CYBER-ATTACKS IN ESTONIA</p>
<p>As you may know, Estonia recently was hit by a politically motivated cyber-campaign that targeted government, industry,
and private sites using a wide array of offensive techniques. Though it is
difficult to identify the persons, groups, or organizations behind the attacks,
we do know that most of the attacks were carried out not only by amateurs with
primitive methods, but also by highly skilled cyber-attack specialists with
significant resources. The attacks were not only protests against the Estonian
government, but also large-scale, well-coordinated, and targeted actions that
took place at the same time as political, economic, and media events. In our
minds, what took place was cyber-warfare and cyber-terrorism.<br>
<br>
Estonia is one of the most wired countries in the world. Roughly 60% of the
population use the Internet every day and over 97% of all bank transactions are
done online. Indeed, the Internet has become a common channel through which
people pay their taxes and even vote in local as well as general elections.
Hence, e-services and access to the Internet are integral parts of our society.
The unprecedented cyber-attacks that occurred can thus be defined as attacks
against the Estonian way of life. It is clear that if we had not applied timely
countermeasures the situation could have turned much worse and posed a
significant risk to our national security.</p>
<p>In essence, the cyber-attacks against Estonia
demonstrated that the Internet is a battlefield of the 21st century,
and our increasing global dependence on the Internet, online services, and our
critical information infrastructure is making us more vulnerable. As
demonstrated by the events in
<st1:City w:st="on"><st1:place w:st="on">Tallinn</st1:place></st1:City>,
effective political propaganda can motivate a significant number of people to
launch a massive cyber-attack almost instantly, potentially damaging critical
information infrastructure even when the attack is carried out by amateurs.</p>
<p>Cyber-domains thus present a
paradox�the more wired you are, the more attractive you are as a target,
because the potential damage is greater. Even those countries that are
technologically well advanced are vulnerable to cyber-attacks�complete safety
simply does not exist. Of course, one could say that human lives are not at
stake in cyber-attacks, but when you imagine a situation in which basic everyday
needs are denied, for example, traffic systems are hacked and emergency numbers
are unusable, you can see that human lives can be very much at stake. </p>
<p align="center" class="style26">ADDRESSING THE ISSUES OF THE 21<sup>st</sup>-CENTURY
BATTLEFIELD</p>
</span></b></p>
As we try to come to grips with
this new 21st-century battlefield, certain aspects immediately stand
out:
<p>1. Dealing with cyber-defense in general, it is worth asking ourselves whether it would serve our common purpose
better to start acknowledging the impact of cyber-defense on our civilian as
well as our military affairs. I think we all agree that our military
command and control, ISR, and precision strike capability rely on ensured
access to the electronic spectrum. It is also clear that losing freedom of
action in cyber-space is not an option. At the end of the day, all the data in
our national or international neural networks is relatively useless unless it
can be protected.<br>
<br>
In Brussels, NATO defense ministers agreed that urgent
work is needed to enhance our ability to protect information systems of critical
importance to the Alliance. I think this is definitely a step in the right
direction.</p>
<p>2. When tackling a problem that is international in nature, such as cyber-defense, more rather than less cooperation is the only way to deal with it. Estonia is a small country, open, transparent, and cooperative, and it was our transparency and eagerness to cooperate that enabled us to mobilize quickly and minimize the cyber-attack damage.
<p>3. The need for a legal framework. Closely tied to the aspect of cooperation is perhaps the toughest issue�that of a legal framework. All of us should ask ourselves, Do we as nations, but also as allies and partners, possess all the required judicial instruments? Do we have a proper legal code that defines a cyber-attack in
detail? Do we know where cyber-crime stops and terrorism or war begins? Should NATO, for example, safeguard and defend not only its communications and information
systems but also some critical national physical infrastructures? And what of collective defense when cyber-war is being carried out against one of the Allies?</p>
<p align="center" class="style26">CONCLUDING REMARKS</p>
<p>As you can see, I don�t have many answers yet, but if we do not start answering these hard questions soon,
we will not be able to deal with the future effectively. As we try to
draw the right conclusions for the way ahead, it would serve us well to look to
the past, because the nature of cyber-defense is not that different from
another field of endeavor, specifically, sea faring.</p>
<p>The European Long-Term Vision that was agreed to in 2006 puts it well�it sees cyber-space as a new common environment that states and the same way for centuries, because the sea had and still has an international character and is a place where trade and international communication are conducted. In addition, two of the main problems of cyber-space are the enormous degree of anonymity among the players and its ever-expanding nature. We are asking now, How can we handle that? How can we make sure that the communication lines between suppliers and customers are protected? These are the same questions that were asked before the Information Age regarding the communication lines at the sea.</p>
<p>Because this workshop is being held in Paris, I would like to take the opportunity to remind you of the Paris Declaration Respecting Maritime Law that dates from April I6, 1856. This short piece of paper called the signatories to abolish privateering, which basically was seen as state-sponsored piracy. The declaration represented the first multilateral attempt to codify in peacetime rules that were to be applicable in the event of war. Though it had holes in it, the declaration established maritime law among the major powers of Europe.</p>
<p>Now, once again in Paris, we need another universal convention, this one against cyber-crimes, be they state or non-state in origin. That is because cyber-defense will not work if there are national or international judicial gaps. The choice we must make is not to change our way of life or stop developing technology
that makes our world a better place, but to effectively stop those who want to attack our way of life by abusing that technology.</p>
</div>
<!-- InstanceEndEditable --></div>
</div>
<div class="style8" id="siteInfo"> <a href="#">Top of page </a> | <a href="../index.html">Home</a> | ©2007
Center for Strategic Decision Research</div>
</div>
<br>
</body>
<!-- InstanceEnd --></html>