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<title>Center for Strategic Decision Research, Peter Struck, Michele Alliot-Marie, General George Joulwan, SACEUR, General James L. Jones, SHAPE, NATO, EU, BDLI, ILA, EADS, Northrop Grumman, Under Secretary Michael Wynne, Assistant Secretary Linton Wells, Ambassador William Burns, NATO Military Committee Chairman General Harald Kujat, General Dynamics, Boeing, Global Security Terrorism, Iraq, Afghanistan, Rainer Hertrich, David Stafford</title>
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<td width="66" height="68"><p><img src="../2004book/logo-kevin-web.jpg" width="60" height="66"></p> </td>
<td width="538"><div align="center"><span class="style5">22nd International Workshop on Global Security<br>
<em>Chantilly/Paris, 10-12 June 2005 </em><br>
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<p align="center" class="style17"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p>
<p align="left" class="style17"><span class="style18"><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="preface.htm">Preface</a></span></span></p>
<p align="center" class="style17">Part 1 </p>
<p align="left" class="style17"><a href="alliotmarie.htm">French Defense Minister Michele Alliot-Marie (English version) </a><span class="style217"><strong></strong></span><span class="style217"><strong><a href="alliotmarie-french.htm">French Defense Minister Michele Alliot-Marie (French version) </a><a href="reid.htm">UK Defense Minister John Reid</a></strong></span><span class="style217"><strong><a href="graham.htm">Canadian Defense Minister Bill Graham </a></strong></span><span class="style219"><a href="weissingerbaylon.htm">Workshop Chairman Dr. Roger Weissinger-Baylon </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="liska.htm">Slovak Defense Minister Juraj Liska </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="erjavec.htm">Slovenian Defense Minister Karl Erjavec </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="svinarov.htm">Bulgarian Defense Minister Nikolay Svinarov </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="kujat.htm">NATO Military Committee Chair Gen Harald Kujat </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="koenig.htm">Acting US Ambassador to NATO John Koenig </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="schuwirth.htm">SHAPE Chief of Staff Gen Rainer Schuwirth </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="back.htm">Allied Joint Force Command Brunssum Cmdr Gen Gerhard Back </a></span></p>
<p align="center" class="style17">Part 2 </p>
<p align="left" class="style17"><span class="style219"><a href="perrindebrichambaut.htm">French MOD Dir for Strat Affairs Amb Marc Perrin de Brichambaut </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="dipaola.htm">Italian Chief of Defense Adm Giampaolo Di Paola </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="naumann.htm">fmr German Chief of Defense Gen Klaus Naumann </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="perruche.htm">EU Military Staff Director Gen Jean-Paul Perruche </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="klein.htm">US Assist to Secretary of Defense Dale Klein </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="gergorin.htm">EADS Exec Vice President Jean-Louis Gergorin </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="george.htm">UK Parliament Member Bruce George </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="ranque.htm">Thales Chairman & CEO Denis Ranque</a></span><span class="style219"><a href="tarasyuk.htm">Ukranian Foreign Minister Borys Tarasyuk </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="fasslabend.htm">Austrian Natl Assembly Member Minister Werner Fasslabend</a></span><span class="style219"><a href="pickering.htm">Boeing Sr Vice President Amb Thomas Pickering</a></span><a href="rooseveltinstitution.htm">Roosevelt Institution </a></p>
<p align="center" class="style17">Part 3 </p>
<p align="left" class="style17"><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="auroy.htm">French MOD DGA Force Systems & Cooperation Director Patrick Auroy </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="lind.htm">Swedish Natl Armaments Director Jan-Olof Lind </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="weise.htm">German Armaments Dir Hans-Heinrich Weise </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="volkman.htm">US Under Secretary of Defense Office Intl Coop Director Alfred Volkman </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="stanhope.htm">Dep Supreme Allied Cmdr Transformation Admiral Sir Mark Stanhope </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="lahoud.htm">MBDA President & CEO Marwan Lahoud </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="courtot.htm">SAFRAN Sr Vice President Francois Courtot </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="bertolone.htm">Alenia Aeronautica CEO Giovanni Bertolone </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="harris.htm">Lockheed Martin President Scott Harris </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="schneider.htm">Northrop Grumman President Kent Schneider </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="wells.htm">US Assist Secretary of Defense Linton Wells </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="vice.htm">Northrop Grumman Vice President Thomas Vice</a></span></p>
<p align="center" class="style17">Part 4 </p>
<p align="left" class="style17"><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="novotny.htm">Czech Ambassador to India Jaromir Novotny </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="rinkevics.htm">Latvian MOD State Secretary Edgars Rinkevics</a></span><span class="style219"><a href="plangu.htm">Romanian MOD State Secretary for Policy Ion Mircea Plangu </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="kouts.htm">Estonian Defense Forces Cmdr Adm Tarmo Kouts </a></span><br>
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<h1 align="center" class="style20">EU-NATO Relationship in Today's Security Environment<br>
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<td width="245"><div align="center"><span class="style21 style21 style23">Ambassador Jaromir Novotný<br>
Czech Ambassador to India</span></div></td>
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<p align="left" class="style21 style21">On this panel we have representatives from three new NATO member countries. From Latvia we have Mr. Edgar Rinkevics, the State Secretary of the Latvian Ministry of Defense. From Romania we have Mr. Ion Mircea Plangu, the State Secretary for Defense Policy from the Romanian Ministry of Defense. And from Estonia we have Vice-Admiral Tarmo Kouts, the Commander of the Estonian Defense Forces. I know all three from their involvement in Partnership for Peace negotiations. <br>
While you have heard from so many good speakers over the course of the workshop, and this panel will add to the discussion, please allow me to preface our panel’s time with some remarks. </p>
<p align="center" class="style24">SIX POINTS CONCERNING GLOBAL CONFLICT </p>
<p align="left" class="style21 style21">First, the world is less predictable now than it was sixteen or seventeen years ago. At that time, the time of the Cold War, the world was stable: Enemies were known and the world was divided into good guys and bad guys. Everyone knew who was who. But now there are whole lists of hot spots on today’s map of the globe. There is the conflict between Israel and Palestine, and between India and Pakistan over Kashmir. These conflicts are many years old, and we are more or less used to them. But in the 90s we added the Balkans conflict, from which were created two international protectorates, Bosnia and Herzegovina and Kosovo, plus one artificial state called Serbia and Montenegro. The inhabitants of these protectorates do not like them. </p>
<p align="left" class="style21 style21">Second, we did not solve the basic problem, and these territories’ statehoods are not defined. A question I must ask is, “When shall we define them? How long will their populations have to wait?” The ethnic riots in Kosovo in 2004 fully showed us what the Kosovars think about human rights. In Macedonia, too, there is a very fragile peace between Macedonians and Albanians, and again we must ask how long it will last. If the Balkan countries lose the chance to enter the EU—if the enlargement process stops because of the no votes in France and the Netherlands—the ghost of nationalism may appear on the scene again. </p>
<p align="left" class="style21 style21">Third, we have a list of new live conflicts: In Afghanistan the growing gap between the Tajiks, the Uzbeks, and the Hazars in the north and the Pashtuns and the Taliban in the south, and in Iraq and in Darfur in Sudan. There is also Chechnya and the growing influence of Islam in Russia (in Tatarstan, for instance), which I am surprised no one has mentioned here. Islamic fundamentalism is also now spreading toward Central Asia, lately in Uzbekistan, and to southern Thailand. </p>
<p align="left" class="style21 style21">Fourth, something that the Bulgarian Minister of Defense mentioned: The frozen conflicts in Moldova (the separatist province with a Russian-speaking population), in Georgia (in South Ossetia and Abkhazia), and in Nagorno-Karabakh (Armenia-Azerbaijan). I could add the problem between India and China, the border problem that resulted from the war in the 1960s that has still not been solved. </p>
<p align="left" class="style21 style21">Fifth, there is a whole list of new possible conflicts to add to the existing conflicts. Maoist groups are very active in the area from Nepal, where they already have control of over 70 % of the country, through India’s northern and eastern states down to Sri Lanka (the LTTE). Conflicts are also very possible in several areas over water issues. </p>
<p align="left" class="style21 style21">Sixth, the new players, China, India, and Iran and an old player, a recovered Russia, have entered the unstable playing field. India is trying to create an axis of India, South Africa, and Brazil against the “rich north,” and the three states are also cooperating very closely in the defense industry arena. In addition, India and China are looking intensively for energy resources. </p>
<p align="center" class="style24">THE NEED FOR COOPERATION </p>
<p align="left" class="style21 style21">In such an environment, the relationship between the EU and NATO is being redefined. Unfortunately both organizations have problems. They also have differing views on an arms embargo toward China vis-a-vis Iran and Iraq. But the good news is that NATO and the EU agree that we need to go outside the original Euro-Atlantic area of responsibility to prevent crises. <br>
However, NATO has military tools and no political tools and the EU has political and economic tools but very limited military tools. Still, all agree that we must cooperate—we just need to figure out how. That is the task of the day for politicians from all NATO and EU countries. </p>
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