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<title>Center for Strategic Decision Research, Peter Struck, Michele Alliot-Marie, General George Joulwan, SACEUR, General James L. Jones, SHAPE, NATO, EU, BDLI, ILA, EADS, Northrop Grumman, Under Secretary Michael Wynne, Assistant Secretary Linton Wells, Ambassador William Burns, NATO Military Committee Chairman General Harald Kujat, General Dynamics, Boeing, Global Security Terrorism, Iraq, Afghanistan, Rainer Hertrich, David Stafford</title>
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<td width="66" height="68"><p><img src="../2004book/logo-kevin-web.jpg" width="60" height="66"></p> </td>
<td width="538"><div align="center"><span class="style5">22nd International Workshop on Global Security<br>
<em>Chantilly/Paris, 10-12 June 2005 </em><br>
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<p align="center" class="style17"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p>
<p align="left" class="style17"><span class="style18"><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="preface.htm">Preface</a></span></span></p>
<p align="center" class="style17">Part 1 </p>
<p align="left" class="style17"><a href="alliotmarie.htm">French Defense Minister Michele Alliot-Marie (English version) </a><span class="style217"><strong></strong></span><span class="style217"><strong><a href="alliotmarie-french.htm">French Defense Minister Michele Alliot-Marie (French version) </a><a href="reid.htm">UK Defense Minister John Reid</a></strong></span><span class="style217"><strong><a href="graham.htm">Canadian Defense Minister Bill Graham </a></strong></span><span class="style219"><a href="weissingerbaylon.htm">Workshop Chairman Dr. Roger Weissinger-Baylon </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="liska.htm">Slovak Defense Minister Juraj Liska </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="erjavec.htm">Slovenian Defense Minister Karl Erjavec </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="svinarov.htm">Bulgarian Defense Minister Nikolay Svinarov </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="kujat.htm">NATO Military Committee Chair Gen Harald Kujat </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="koenig.htm">Acting US Ambassador to NATO John Koenig </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="schuwirth.htm">SHAPE Chief of Staff Gen Rainer Schuwirth </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="back.htm">Allied Joint Force Command Brunssum Cmdr Gen Gerhard Back </a></span></p>
<p align="center" class="style17">Part 2 </p>
<p align="left" class="style17"><span class="style219"><a href="perrindebrichambaut.htm">French MOD Dir for Strat Affairs Amb Marc Perrin de Brichambaut </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="dipaola.htm">Italian Chief of Defense Adm Giampaolo Di Paola </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="naumann.htm">fmr German Chief of Defense Gen Klaus Naumann </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="perruche.htm">EU Military Staff Director Gen Jean-Paul Perruche </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="klein.htm">US Assist to Secretary of Defense Dale Klein </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="gergorin.htm">EADS Exec Vice President Jean-Louis Gergorin </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="george.htm">UK Parliament Member Bruce George </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="ranque.htm">Thales Chairman & CEO Denis Ranque</a></span><span class="style219"><a href="tarasyuk.htm">Ukranian Foreign Minister Borys Tarasyuk </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="fasslabend.htm">Austrian Natl Assembly Member Minister Werner Fasslabend</a></span><span class="style219"><a href="pickering.htm">Boeing Sr Vice President Amb Thomas Pickering</a></span><a href="rooseveltinstitution.htm">Roosevelt Institution </a></p>
<p align="center" class="style17">Part 3 </p>
<p align="left" class="style17"><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="auroy.htm">French MOD DGA Force Systems & Cooperation Director Patrick Auroy </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="lind.htm">Swedish Natl Armaments Director Jan-Olof Lind </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="weise.htm">German Armaments Dir Hans-Heinrich Weise </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="volkman.htm">US Under Secretary of Defense Office Intl Coop Director Alfred Volkman </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="stanhope.htm">Dep Supreme Allied Cmdr Transformation Admiral Sir Mark Stanhope </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="lahoud.htm">MBDA President & CEO Marwan Lahoud </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="courtot.htm">SAFRAN Sr Vice President Francois Courtot </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="bertolone.htm">Alenia Aeronautica CEO Giovanni Bertolone </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="harris.htm">Lockheed Martin President Scott Harris </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="schneider.htm">Northrop Grumman President Kent Schneider </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="wells.htm">US Assist Secretary of Defense Linton Wells </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="vice.htm">Northrop Grumman Vice President Thomas Vice</a></span></p>
<p align="center" class="style17">Part 4 </p>
<p align="left" class="style17"><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="novotny.htm">Czech Ambassador to India Jaromir Novotny </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="rinkevics.htm">Latvian MOD State Secretary Edgars Rinkevics</a></span><span class="style219"><a href="plangu.htm">Romanian MOD State Secretary for Policy Ion Mircea Plangu </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="kouts.htm">Estonian Defense Forces Cmdr Adm Tarmo Kouts </a></span><br>
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<h1 align="center"><span class="style20">Slovakia: Changes in our Security Environment<br>
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<td width="247"><div align="center"><span class="style28">His Excellency Ing. Juraj Liska<br>
Minister of Defense of Slovakia</span></div></td>
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<p><span class="style21">The Slovak Republic has undergone significant changes in recent years: From totalitarianism to democracy, from lack of freedom to liberty, from collectivism to individual rights. This experience, I believe, is one of our assets in discussing topics such as global security. Allow me, therefore, to make some observations on this topic and, at the same time, to indicate Slovakia’s position. </span></p>
<p align="center"><span class="style26">CHANGES IN SLOVAKIA AND THE SECURITY ENVIRONMENT</span></p>
<p><span class="style21">When I took office as Minister of Defense, Slovakia was in the final stage of joining NATO and the EU. At that point it was crucial to successfully complete the steps leading to membership in these international organizations. Now that we have attained that membership, it has become the means for achieving our national security priorities, a positive step for Slovakia’s citizens. </span></p>
<p><span class="style21">However, Slovakia also realizes that, hand in hand with security guarantees and our stable position on the international scene comes the obligation to effectively contribute, together with our allies and partners, to security and peace in the world. That is why we currently have 600 troops deployed in 14 different international operations. Transition from territorial defense to the defense of our interests is one of the key elements of our policy. </span></p>
<p><span class="style21">As part of our discussion of the issue of global security, we certainly cannot neglect the phenomenon of terrorism. But while we must be aware of the problems and difficulties that currently characterize our fight against this threat, it is important that we do not forget about the broader circumstances surrounding the security environment. The fact that NATO and EU member-states are no longer threatened by the outbreak of a major conflict or military aggression still deserves particular attention. Just as we managed to fend off these threats in the past, we must find a way to successfully cope with the challenges of today. We must apply the same attention and intensity with which we have studied the manifestations of terrorism to seek avenues for eliminating its roots and resources. </span></p>
<p><span class="style21">However, the substance of the political, economic, social, and military dimension of our security has changed. Increasingly, it is becoming influenced by such needs and values as legality, justice, prosperity, wealth, and freedom. Yet these values must be secured in an environment in which the borders between states (or between communities of states) no longer provide sufficient safeguards against the new global threats and in which policies developed and pursued on a national basis cannot produce adequate responses. Therefore today we must ask the question, “How are NATO and the EU prepared to jointly face the threats and risks?” </span></p>
<p align="center"><span class="style26">ADDRESSING THE THREATS AND RISKS</span></p>
<p><span class="style21">Our experience testifies to the fact that we are not helpless. There is a wide range of new opportunities and possibilities available to us now. We are better educated, and we communicate and protect information more effectively. We can monitor, anticipate, and respond to current developments. Our ability to pursue these opportunities, however, is limited by trust, by the willingness to cooperate in a more open way, and by the willingness to share strategic intelligence. Slovakia, and I myself, are willing and interested in cooperating in this way within our capabilities. </span></p>
<p><span class="style21">In the year since joining NATO and the EU, the Slovak Republic has embarked on a review of strategic concepts in the area of security and defense. We have now completed the work on fundamental strategic documents that fully reflect our new position, responsibility, and commitments. Because we need to be able to respond to emergencies adequately, we must be capable of responding proactively in order to minimize potential threats and risks. Therefore it will be key to not only identify early the gravity of a threat, but also to respond quickly with usable forces to eliminate the threat. In my view, the potential of small countries such as Slovakia in this area is sometimes underestimated. I consider our flexibility and niche capabilities to be an advantage that can effectively be combined with the wider range of capabilities of nations that have more available resources. We must have not only the will but the courage to implement security structure reforms. I am pleased to note that many countries, including Slovakia, have opted to follow this—to me—irreversible path. </span></p>
<p align="center"><span class="style26">SLOVAKIA’S POSITION</span></p>
<p><span class="style21">The creation of conditions that will facilitate the pursuance of the Slovak Republic’s interests in a stable and predictable security environment, is, in my opinion, the essential goal of our security policy. Slovakia wishes to increase its influence on the developments in Europe and in other parts of the world through involvement in NATO and EU-led operations. We shall be particularly active in southeastern Europe, be it militarily or politically, where our interests lie. Credibility and consistency in honoring our commitments are features to which we attribute great significance. They are two of the reasons why our troops are deployed in Afghanistan, a NATO priority, and why they remain in Iraq. </span></p>
<p><span class="style21">The Slovak Republic’s security policy will be transparent. We shall do our best to make sure that NATO continues to be a trustworthy security guarantor to its members and, at the same time, an effective international crisis-management tool. We shall contribute to the development of the European Security and Defense Policy. And we shall defend human rights and freedoms wherever they are being violated. </span></p>
<p align="center"><span class="style26">CONCLUDING REMARKS</span></p>
<span class="style21">Allow me to conclude my address by expressing my firm conviction that cooperation among all countries, big and small, on issues of global security will continue to advance. I also strongly believe that the initiatives arising from this workshop and other discussion forums will contribute to the enhancement of such cooperation and that they will bring about positive results as we shape the security environment. </span>
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