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<title>Center for Strategic Decision Research, Peter Struck, Michele Alliot-Marie, General George Joulwan, SACEUR, General James L. Jones, SHAPE, NATO, EU, BDLI, ILA, EADS, Northrop Grumman, Under Secretary Michael Wynne, Assistant Secretary Linton Wells, Ambassador William Burns, NATO Military Committee Chairman General Harald Kujat, General Dynamics, Boeing, Global Security Terrorism, Iraq, Afghanistan, Rainer Hertrich, David Stafford</title>
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<td width="66" height="68"><p><img src="../2004book/logo-kevin-web.jpg" width="60" height="66"></p> </td>
<td width="538"><div align="center"><span class="style5">22nd International Workshop on Global Security<br>
<em>Chantilly/Paris, 10-12 June 2005 </em><br>
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<p align="center" class="style17"><strong>Table of Contents</strong></p>
<p align="left" class="style17"><span class="style18"><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="preface.htm">Preface</a></span></span></p>
<p align="center" class="style17">Part 1 </p>
<p align="left" class="style17"><a href="alliotmarie.htm">French Defense Minister Michele Alliot-Marie (English version) </a><span class="style217"><strong></strong></span><span class="style217"><strong><a href="alliotmarie-french.htm">French Defense Minister Michele Alliot-Marie (French version) </a><a href="reid.htm">UK Defense Minister John Reid</a></strong></span><span class="style217"><strong><a href="graham.htm">Canadian Defense Minister Bill Graham </a></strong></span><span class="style219"><a href="weissingerbaylon.htm">Workshop Chairman Dr. Roger Weissinger-Baylon </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="liska.htm">Slovak Defense Minister Juraj Liska </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="erjavec.htm">Slovenian Defense Minister Karl Erjavec </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="svinarov.htm">Bulgarian Defense Minister Nikolay Svinarov </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="kujat.htm">NATO Military Committee Chair Gen Harald Kujat </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="koenig.htm">Acting US Ambassador to NATO John Koenig </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="schuwirth.htm">SHAPE Chief of Staff Gen Rainer Schuwirth </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="back.htm">Allied Joint Force Command Brunssum Cmdr Gen Gerhard Back </a></span></p>
<p align="center" class="style17">Part 2 </p>
<p align="left" class="style17"><span class="style219"><a href="perrindebrichambaut.htm">French MOD Dir for Strat Affairs Amb Marc Perrin de Brichambaut </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="dipaola.htm">Italian Chief of Defense Adm Giampaolo Di Paola </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="naumann.htm">fmr German Chief of Defense Gen Klaus Naumann </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="perruche.htm">EU Military Staff Director Gen Jean-Paul Perruche </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="klein.htm">US Assist to Secretary of Defense Dale Klein </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="gergorin.htm">EADS Exec Vice President Jean-Louis Gergorin </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="george.htm">UK Parliament Member Bruce George </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="ranque.htm">Thales Chairman & CEO Denis Ranque</a></span><span class="style219"><a href="tarasyuk.htm">Ukranian Foreign Minister Borys Tarasyuk </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="fasslabend.htm">Austrian Natl Assembly Member Minister Werner Fasslabend</a></span><span class="style219"><a href="pickering.htm">Boeing Sr Vice President Amb Thomas Pickering</a></span><a href="rooseveltinstitution.htm">Roosevelt Institution </a></p>
<p align="center" class="style17">Part 3 </p>
<p align="left" class="style17"><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="auroy.htm">French MOD DGA Force Systems & Cooperation Director Patrick Auroy </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="lind.htm">Swedish Natl Armaments Director Jan-Olof Lind </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="weise.htm">German Armaments Dir Hans-Heinrich Weise </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="volkman.htm">US Under Secretary of Defense Office Intl Coop Director Alfred Volkman </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="stanhope.htm">Dep Supreme Allied Cmdr Transformation Admiral Sir Mark Stanhope </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="lahoud.htm">MBDA President & CEO Marwan Lahoud </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="courtot.htm">SAFRAN Sr Vice President Francois Courtot </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="bertolone.htm">Alenia Aeronautica CEO Giovanni Bertolone </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="harris.htm">Lockheed Martin President Scott Harris </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="schneider.htm">Northrop Grumman President Kent Schneider </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="wells.htm">US Assist Secretary of Defense Linton Wells </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="vice.htm">Northrop Grumman Vice President Thomas Vice</a></span></p>
<p align="center" class="style17">Part 4 </p>
<p align="left" class="style17"><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="novotny.htm">Czech Ambassador to India Jaromir Novotny </a></span><span class="style219"><a href="rinkevics.htm">Latvian MOD State Secretary Edgars Rinkevics</a></span><span class="style219"><a href="plangu.htm">Romanian MOD State Secretary for Policy Ion Mircea Plangu </a></span><span class="style219"> </span><span class="style219"><a href="kouts.htm">Estonian Defense Forces Cmdr Adm Tarmo Kouts </a></span><br>
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<h1 align="center" class="style25">How Do We Define the Capability-Development Process?<br>
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<td width="415"><div align="center"><span class="style23">Mr. Patrick Auroy<br>
Director for Force Systems and <br>
Industrial, Technological, and Cooperation Strategies,<br>
Delegation Generale pour l'Armement,<br>
Ministry of Defense of France</span></div></td>
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<p class="style21">How will our capability needs be fulfilled in terms of concept and equipment? At this stage, and in this age of rapidly evolving information and communication technologies, the dialogue between operations people—experts in technologies and defense equipment manufacturers—is paramount. Shortening the loop regarding requirements, technologies, costs, and performance will be a major challenge, but many countries are already succeeding in defining the capability management process for their own purposes. However, clearly we must make more progress in that field, both for NATO and for Europe. </p>
<p align="center" class="style26">SIGNIFICANT SUCCESSES </p>
<p class="style21">In NATO, the creation of Allied Command Transformation was a great step forward. For Europe, the creation of the European Defense Agency in 2004, and the increase of its power in 2005, was a very positive step too. The High Representative for Common and Foreign Security Policy, Javier Solana, is the head of the agency. In addition, the coexistence of four branches devoted to capabilities, research and technology, equipment programs, and technological-industrial monitoring is certainly a key to success. The European Defense Agency, which is based on existing European treaties and is in no way affected by the European Constitution issue, represents a major step with a political impetus from the Defense ministers who are on the steering board. </p>
<p align="center" class="style26">THE ROLES OF NATO AND THE EU </p>
<p class="style21">Aside from the essential collective defense insurance that NATO provides, the organization also has a key role in defining interoperability requirements and in managing large transatlantic programs such as the Air Command and Control System (ACCS). The Alliance is engaged in the main transformation process in which France intends to contribute strongly. As Michèle Alliot-Marie, the French minister for defense, said, NATO’s approach and the European Union’s approach are complementary. Burden sharing and efficiency multiplication among European countries contribute in a major way to NATO efficiency and also are a prerequisite for European operations. </p>
<p align="center" class="style26">THE KEYS TO FUTURE COOPERATION </p>
<p class="style21">While transatlantic cooperation, bilateral or multilateral or through NATO, contributes in an important way to providing capabilities, it nevertheless needs to be improved to better balance the two sides of the Atlantic. On the European side, efforts are being made to increase the efficiency of defense spending and to increase research and technology efforts, both individual and collective. On the other side, more thought must be put into technology transfer to ensure the security of suppliers as well as national security. </p>
<p class="style21">Here again, European cooperation is essential while looking towards an efficient and lasting transatlantic cooperation. Much progress has been made in Europe for the last several years, including the creation of global defense companies able to propose state-of-the-art equipment and systems. The aeronautical and electronic sectors have also made progress with the emergence of large companies such as EADS, MBDA, and THALES and the recent merger of SNECMA and SAGEM in the SAFRAN company in France. However, other sectors, including the army and navy, must still go through consolidation. </p>
<p class="style21">Technological excellence and increased competition are the main ingredients needed to drive the capability-development process. But innovation in small and medium companies must be supported in great measure either by governments or by major suppliers. </p>
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