|
Server : Apache/2.4.62 System : FreeBSD fbsdweb2.web.rcn.net 14.1-RELEASE FreeBSD 14.1-RELEASE releng/14.1-n267679-10e31f0946d8 GENERIC amd64 User : www ( 80) PHP Version : 8.3.8 Disable Function : NONE Directory : /domains/remotesensing/research/ |
Upload File : |
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<!-- adapted from a Design by: <a href="http://businesswebsitetemplates.blogspot.com"title="free templates">FREE BUSINESS TEMPLATES</a> -->
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1" />
<meta name="keywords" content="GPS, GNSS, Software, Hardware, Research and Development, R&D, Navigation, Signal Simulator, Signal Generator, Receiver, Simulator, Emulator, Transceiver, Front End, RF, Impulse, Real Time, SigSim, Data Acquisition, Galileo, Glonass, UTC, Ultra Tightly Coupled, INS, Ionospheric Receiver, Pseudolite, Radar, Software Radar, Radio, Software Radio, HF Diagnostics, Microwave Rain Gauge, Data Logger, EM Sensor, Jammer, Antenna, FPGA, DSP, High Performance Board, Suman Ganguly, Virginia, Fairfax, SBIR, Small Business, Engineering, Electromagnetics, Signal Processing, Space Weather, Instrumentation, Electronics, Analyzers, Surveillance, Computer Systems, Image Processing, Material Science, Microwave, Electrical Engineering, Electronics Engineering, Upconverter, Downconverter, LNA, L1, L2, L5, C/A, P-Code, Encryption, Ionospheric Sounder, Sounder, spoofer, EW, electronic warfare, C3I, Signal Analyzer, Signal Processor, ST Radar, MST Radar, IST Radar, SAR, GPS Receivers, GNSS Receivers, GPS Simulators, GNSS Simulator, Rain Radar, Ultra Wide Band Radar, Ground Penetrating Radar, HF Radar, Ionosonde, HF Diagnostic, OTH Radar, Satellite Simulator, Communication Simulator, Channel Simulator, Radar Simulator, Attitude Determination, Anti-Jam Receiver"/>
<title>CRS | Research & Development | Space Weather & Physics | Topside Sounder</title>
<link href="style.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
</head>
<body>
<div id="wrapper">
<div id="header">
<div id="logo">
<img src="images/crslogo.png" class="floatTL" alt="business" /><br><br><br><br><br>
<div id="nav">
<!-- Css Menu -->
<style>
ul.cssMenu ul{display:none}
ul.cssMenu li:hover>ul{display:block}
ul.cssMenu ul{position: absolute;left:-1px;top:98%;}
ul.cssMenu ul ul{position: absolute;left:98%;top:-2px;}
ul.cssMenu,ul.cssMenu ul {
margin:0px;
list-style:none;
padding:0px 1px 1px 0px;
background-color:#13264d;
background-repeat:repeat;
border-color:#A6A6A6;
border-width:0px;
border-style:solid;
}
ul.cssMenu table {border-collapse:collapse}ul.cssMenu {
display:block;
zoom:1;
float: right;
}
ul.cssMenu ul{
width:197.4px;
}
ul.cssMenu li{
display:block;
margin:1px 0px 0px 1px;
font-size:0px;
}
ul.cssMenu a:active, ul.cssMenu a:focus {
outline-style:none;
}
ul.cssMenu a, ul.cssMenu li.dis a:hover, ul.cssMenu li.sep a:hover {
display:block;
vertical-align:middle;
background-color:#13264d;
border-width:0px;
border-color:#FCEEB0;
border-style:solid;
text-align:left;
text-decoration:none;
padding:5px;
_padding-left:0;
font:12px Arial;
color: #ffffff;
text-decoration:none;
cursor:pointer;
}
ul.cssMenu span{
overflow:hidden;
}
ul.cssMenu li {
float:left;
}
ul.cssMenu ul li {
float:none;
}
ul.cssMenu ul a {
text-align:left;
white-space:nowrap;
}
ul.cssMenu li.sep{
text-align:left;
padding:0px;
line-height:0;
height:100%;
}
ul.cssMenu li.sep span{
float:none; padding-right:0;
width:3;
height:100%;
display:inline-block;
background-color:#A6A6A6; background-image:none;}
ul.cssMenu ul li.sep span{
width:100%;
height:3;
}
ul.cssMenu li:hover{
position:relative;
}
ul.cssMenu li:hover>a{
background-color:#93AEE6;
border-color:#4C99AB;
border-style:solid;
font:12px Arial;
color: #FFFFFF;
text-decoration:none;
}
ul.cssMenu li a:hover{
position:relative;
background-color:#93AEE6;
border-color:#4C99AB;
border-style:solid;
font:12px Arial;
color: #FFFFFF;
text-decoration:none;
}
ul.cssMenu li.dis a {
color: #AAAAAA !important;
}
ul.cssMenu img {border: none;float:left;_float:none;margin-right:5px;width:16px;
height:16px;
}
ul.cssMenu ul img {width:16px;
height:16px;
}
ul.cssMenu img.over{display:none}
ul.cssMenu li.dis a:hover img.over{display:none !important}
ul.cssMenu li.dis a:hover img.def {display:inline !important}
ul.cssMenu li:hover > a img.def {display:none}
ul.cssMenu li:hover > a img.over {display:inline}
ul.cssMenu a:hover img.over,ul.cssMenu a:hover ul img.def,ul.cssMenu a:hover a:hover img.over{display:inline}
ul.cssMenu a:hover img.def,ul.cssMenu a:hover ul img.over,ul.cssMenu a:hover a:hover img.def{display:none}
ul.cssMenu a:hover ul{display:block}
ul.cssMenu span{
display:block;
background-image:url(./images/arrv_blue_2.gif);
background-position:right center;
background-repeat: no-repeat;
padding-right:8px;}
ul.cssMenu li:hover>a>span{ background-image:url(./images/arrv_white_2.gif);
}
ul.cssMenu a:hover span{ _background-image:url(./images/arrv_white_2.gif)}
ul.cssMenu ul span,ul.cssMenu a:hover table span{background-image:url(./images/arr_blue_2.gif)}
ul.cssMenu ul li:hover > a span{ background-image:url(./images/arr_white_2.gif);}
ul.cssMenu table a:hover span{background-image:url(./images/arr_white_2.gif)}
ul.cssMenu li a.cssMenui0{
font:n;
}
ul.cssMenu li a.cssMenui0:hover{
font:o;
}
</style>
<ul class="cssMenu cssMenum">
<li class=" cssMenui0"><a class=" cssMenui0" href="../index.html">Home</a></li>
<li class=" cssMenui0"><a class=" cssMenui0" href="../products/products.html"><span>Products & Services</span><![if gt IE 6]></a><![endif]><!--[if lte IE 6]><table><tr><td><![endif]-->
<ul class=" cssMenum">
<li class=" cssMenui"><a class=" cssMenui" href="../products/gps.html">GPS & Navigation Systems</a></li>
<li class=" cssMenui"><a class=" cssMenui" href="../products/radio.html">Radio and Radar Systems</a></li>
<li class=" cssMenui"><a class=" cssMenui" href="../products/signal.html">Signal Processing & Analyzers</a></li>
<li class=" cssMenui"><a class=" cssMenui" href="../products/antenna.html">E.M. Sensors & Antenna Types</a></li>
<li class=" cssMenui"><a class=" cssMenui" href="../products/space.html">Space Weather Systems</a></li>
<li class=" cssMenui"><a class=" cssMenui" href="../products/instru.html">Instrumentation</a></li>
</ul>
<!--[if lte IE 6]></td></tr></table></a><![endif]--></li>
<li class=" cssMenui0"><a class=" cssMenui0" href="research.html"><span>Research & Development</span><![if gt IE 6]></a><![endif]><!--[if lte IE 6]><table><tr><td><![endif]-->
<ul class=" cssMenum">
<li class=" cssMenui"><a class=" cssMenui" href="navigation.html">Advanced Navigation Systems</a></li>
<li class=" cssMenui"><a class=" cssMenui" href="radio.html">Radio & Radar Engineering</a></li>
<li class=" cssMenui"><a class=" cssMenui" href="em.html">Electromagnetics</a></li>
<li class=" cssMenui"><a class=" cssMenui" href="signal.html">Signal & Image Processing</a></li>
<li class=" cssMenui"><a class=" cssMenui" href="surv.html">Surveillance</a></li>
<li class=" cssMenui"><a class=" cssMenui" href="physics.html">Space Weather & Physics</a></li>
<li class=" cssMenui"><a class=" cssMenui" href="comp.html">Computer Systems & Software</a></li>
<li class=" cssMenui"><a class=" cssMenui" href="ee.html">Electrical Engineering</a></li>
<li class=" cssMenui"><a class=" cssMenui" href="science.html">Microwave/Material Science</a></li>
<li class=" cssMenui"><a class=" cssMenui" href="instru.html">Instrumentation</a></li>
</ul>
<!--[if lte IE 6]></td></tr></table></a><![endif]--></li>
<li class=" cssMenui0"><a class=" cssMenui0" href="../publications/public.html"><span>Publications</span><![if gt IE 6]></a><![endif]><!--[if lte IE 6]><table><tr><td><![endif]-->
<ul class=" cssMenum">
<li class=" cssMenui"><a class=" cssMenui" href="../publications/journals.html">Journals</a></li>
<li class=" cssMenui"><a class=" cssMenui" href="../publications/conf.html">Conference Proceedings</a></li>
<li class=" cssMenui"><a class=" cssMenui" href="../publications/reports.html">Reports & Patents</a></li>
<li class=" cssMenui"><a class=" cssMenui" href="../publications/press.html">Press Releases</a></li>
</ul>
<!--[if lte IE 6]></td></tr></table></a><![endif]--></li>
<li class=" cssMenui0"><a class=" cssMenui0" href="../profile/pro.html"><span>About Us</span><![if gt IE 6]></a><![endif]><!--[if lte IE 6]><table><tr><td><![endif]-->
<ul class=" cssMenum">
<li class=" cssMenui"><a class=" cssMenui" href="../profile/pro.html">Profile</a></li>
<li class=" cssMenui"><a class=" cssMenui" href="../profile/bckgd.html">Background</a></li>
<li class=" cssMenui"><a class=" cssMenui" href="../profile/mission.html">Mission</a></li>
<li class=" cssMenui"><a class=" cssMenui" href="../profile/capabilities.html">Capabilities</a></li>
<li class=" cssMenui"><a class=" cssMenui" href="../profile/personnel.html">Personnel</a></li>
<li class=" cssMenui"><a class=" cssMenui" href="../profile/accom.html">Accomplishments</a></li>
<!--<li class=" cssMenui"><a class=" cssMenui" href="../profile/career.html">Careers</a></li>-->
<li class=" cssMenui"><a class=" cssMenui" href="../profile/contact.html">Contact Us</a></li>
</ul>
<!--[if lte IE 6]></td></tr></table></a><![endif]--></li>
<li class=" cssMenui0"><a class=" cssMenui0" href="../products/brochures.html">Brochures</a></li>
</ul>
<br> </div>
<div id="bg">
</div>
<div id="main">
<div id="leftcolumn">
<div id="logo">
<h1>Space Weather & Physics</h1>
<h2>Topside Sounder</h2>
<h3>Benefits</h3>
<p>The proposed topside sounder makes primary measurements of the electron density distributions covering most of the ionosphere, throughout the world and for various solar and geophysical conditions. In SAR mode, it can precisely map ionospheric irregularities. This will:</p>
<br><div class="blockquote">
<div class="box">
<ol>
<li>
Provide electron densities and temperatures to validate theoretical models and contribute to empirical models of the ionosphere.</li>
<li>
Validate density distributions derived from such indirect techniques as model inversion of satellite EUV measurements, tomographic inversion of total-electron content (TEC) or integrated column densities from ground-based observations of satellite beacons.</li>
<li>
Provide inputs for assimilative ionospheric forecast models.</li>
<li>
Improve performance of GPS systems because of measured plasmaspheric TEC.</li>
<li>
Globally map ionospheric parameters, including electron densities and electron temperatures, hence plasma scale heights, for scientific research and operational systems.</li>
<li>
Allow monitoring of seismo-ionospheric events for earthquakes and nuclear explosions.</li>
<li>
Precisely map irregularities, tilts, and ionospheric anomalies, facilitating the understanding and prediction of scintillations and other satellite communication issues.</li>
<li>
Provide superior understanding of anomalous radio propagation through ducting, z-mode, around-the-world propagation, sporadic-E, and scatter propagation.</li>
<li>
Measure plasma resonances near the spacecraft, precisely measure magnetic fields, and diagnose the response of the topside ionosphere to HF modification experiments.</li>
<li>
Provide a HF test-bed for sophisticated experiments in the ionosphere.</li>
<li>
Test technology for diverse areas of communications, radar, space exploration, and related areas.
</li>
</ol>
</div></div>
</div></div>
<div id="rightcolumn">
<div class="blockquote">
<div class="box"><h2>R&D</h2>
<ul>
<li> <a href="navigation.html">Advanced Navigation Systems</a></li>
<li> <a href="radio.html">Radio & Radar Engineering</a></li>
<li> <a href="em.html">Electromagnetics</a></li>
<li> <a href="signal.html">Signal & Image Processing</a></li>
<li> <a href="surv.html">Surveillance</a></li>
<li> <a href="physics.html"><b>Space Weather & Physics</b></a></li>
<li> <a href="comp.html">Computer Systems & Software</a></li>
<li> <a href="ee.html">Electrical Engineering</a></li>
<li> <a href="science.html">Microwave/Material Science</a></li>
<li> <a href="instru.html">Instrumentation</a></li>
</ul>
</div></div><h3>Research Highlights:</h3>
<div class="blockquote">
<div class="box"><ul>
<li><b><a href="physicstopside.html"> Topside Sounder</a></b></li>
<li><a href="physicsrtic.html"> Real-Time Ionospheric Characterization</a></li>
<li><a href="physicsiono.html"> Ionospheric & Magnetospheric Research</a></li>
</ul></div></div>
<h3>Topside Sounder:</h3>
<div class="blockquote">
<div class="box"><ul>
<li><b>Benefits</b></li>
<li><a href="physicstopsidecomm.html"> Commercial Applications</a></li>
<li><a href="physicstopsidefuture.html"> Future Plans</a></li>
</ul></div></div>
<br><center><img src="images/TopsideSounder.png" width="200" alt="business" /></center>
</div>
<div id="footer"><p>Copyright © 2010 | <a href="../profile/mission.html">mission</a> | <a href="../profile/contact.html">contact us</a> | <!--<a href="../profile/careers.html">careers</a> | | |--> <a href="../sitemap.html">site map</a> | <a href="../search.html">search</a></p></div>
</div>
</body>
</html>