/A
¶a - n invar - the letter A; the second letter of the alphabet <tt>A</tt> [IA]
¶a - n - (music) s for Ažirei, note 6
¶ä - interj - oh, ah; expression of surprise or pleasure; prolonged, the sound of a scream
¶ab - prep - prototypical use is as instrumental; by, using, with; grammar  ending in [AB]
¶	ab tranošán  using a knife
¶	ab nilnen  with a skirt on
¶	ab torán zië  using his own share
¶	ab raženin zië  by his own efforts
¶	ab Calton!  by Calto!
¶	šerë ab bolén nütán  beer with a lot of foam
¶	soî mevloži ab ne  the verbs in -n
¶	ulelen ab advečelán lië  judging from his answer
¶abbosát - n - success
¶abbosan - vi Ag - succeed [‘with luck’]
¶	abbosan u beďelán  pass a test
¶abbosne - a - successful
¶abcurayne - a - reasonable, rational, reasoning  [{ab curayan} with reason]
¶Abend - n - Caďinorian given name [likely related to {benda} ‘blessing’]
¶abilen - vt - clothe [late Caď. *HABILEN, from HABIL ‘clothes’]
¶	zet abilen  clothe oneself; wear «ab»
¶abnozát - n - attachment
¶abnozir - vt - attach, fasten [‘knot with’]
¶abžanke - a - accidental [‘by accident’]
¶ac - conj - but [AC]
¶acadu - n - (Avéle) crime [Keb. akkadu]
¶accen - vt - (colloq. or MV) scold, tell off [short for {acceoren}]
¶acceorel - n - admonition, reprimand, exhortation, reproach
¶acceoren - vt (O) - admonish, reprimand, exhort [ADCEOREN]
¶	Acceorne so aďeton aelutratán  He exhorted the congregation to virtue
¶	Cam acceorme ak zután lië  He will reprimand them for their sin
¶accesten - vt  deliver [ADCESTEN ‘to there’]
¶acclas - n - parry
¶acclasmir - vt ø - parry (conj. like {clasmir}) [‘swing against’]
¶accul - n - bug (in program) [‘scolded’]
¶acinec - vt - hear, listen to, hear tell [ADCLINEC ‘lean toward, listen’, from CLINEC ‘lean’]
¶	zet acinec  to be known
¶	acinec racont  hear a story
¶	Soa mažtana zet acine  the city is well known
¶acinul - n - rumor; opinion
¶acoďia - n - separation, isolation; sequestration, purdah
¶acoďir - vt - separate, sequester, keep apart [ADCOŤIR ‘put aside’, from AD + COŤOS ‘side’]
¶	zet acoďir  keep oneself apart from, stand aloof from (až)
¶acota - prep, adv - aside, apart from, as opposed to [OV {adcota} ‘aside’ showing Caď. adverbial ending -A]
¶	acota telin sefoin  apart from the other boys
¶acotál - prep - besides, anyway, in any case [{ac otál} ‘but also’]
¶acotura - n - seduction [‘taking aside’]
¶acoturen - vt ø - seduce
¶acoturom - n - seducer
¶acřó - adv - except, excluding  [‘but not’]
¶	Lelnai fsë, acřó soa šeíra  I saw everything except the palace
¶	Trožnei čil čečum acřó eto  You touched every piece of candy but this one
¶Acuyo - n - Cuzeian name [Acuōre]
¶ad - prep - to, toward (always takes dative) [AD]
¶	ad Deštain  toward Deštai
¶	büten ad lapisán  aim at a rabbit
¶	culpa ad žankan  blame for the accident
¶	cellëcan šual ad soan teřuan  tie a horse to the post
¶	Prosam ad desin  We walked to the bridge 
¶Adaro - n - Cuzeian name [Adāurio ‘blue (as name)’]
¶addobre - n - adjustment, small correction; (music) fine tuning
¶addobrec - vt - adjust slightly or in increments; [make clothes] fit; (music) fine-tune, temper [‘till right’]
¶	Ci-kyole řo zet addobre  This dress doesn’t fit
¶addobrom - n - fitter; maker of gloves, belts, scarves, sashes, and other accessories
¶adecan - adv - just, exactly [AD AECAN ‘to the point’]
¶Adel - n - the main tributary of the Svetla [HAEDEL]
¶adeleca - n - a Barakhinei play, normally satirical and written by women; by extension, any comedy of manners, especially satirizing the rural nobility [Bar. {adleleka} ‘showing’]
¶adesan - vt  become, by changing nature; compare ocan (regular verb) [‘toward-being’]
¶	adesan ďare  become a sober person
¶adežel - n - cost, amount required to purchase [ADAECTEL]
¶adežen - vt - fetch [ADAECTEN ‘to here’]
¶adferieme - a - tolerant
¶adferien - vt ø - bear, stand [{ad + ferien} ‘support’]
¶adike - prep - until, till  [AD DIŤAN KEDA ‘to the time when’]
¶	adike čenan  till dinner
¶	adike dy adžanmai  until I arrive
¶adis - n - rejection; divorce [‘toward hate’]
¶adisan - vt - reject, divorce
¶adkazec - vt - identify, indicate [ADKANSEC]
¶adkazeca - n - identification, indication
¶adonic - n - cottage, small country house [Bar. ‘hut’, dim. of ‘room’, from ATONNOS]
¶adšriften - vt - instruct [‘toward knowledge’]
¶adurise - a - of the human race found in southern Arcél [from ADURES ‘blue’]
¶advečel - n - answer, response
¶advečen - vt ø - answer, respond, reply [ADVEITEN ‘answer’, lit. ‘respond in a speech’] 
¶	advečen cues  answer a question
¶	advečen imbemecán  answer the teacher
¶adžanen - vi Ag - arrive [‘come to’]
¶adžano - n - arrival
¶aď - n - god [AIĎOS]
¶	Aď  God
¶	ab soin aďin  for heaven’s sake
¶aďa - n - goddess [AIĎA]
¶Aďám - n - Eleďe name [OV {Aďam}]
¶aďán - a - lawful good, godward; God-oriented ethics or behavior [‘toward God’]
¶aďát - n - divinity, godhead [AIĎANTOS]
¶Aďcet - n - Godsfest (Caďinorian pagan)  [{aďië céďue} ‘feast of the gods’]
¶aďdabec - n - (MV slang) preacher [‘god-babbler’]
¶aďeton - n - church, community of believers, congregation; the body of all Eleďe believers.  [AIĎETON]
¶aďetonáe - n - (Eleďe) church building
¶Aďia - n - Pagan given name [OV {Aiďia}]
¶Aďiana - n - Eleďe name [OV {Aďriana}]
¶Aďiano - n - Eleďe name [OV {Aďriano}]
¶aďicole - a - divine, godly [‘god-loving’]
¶aďivaži - n - blasphemy, profanation
¶aďivažir - vt ø - blaspheme, profane [AIĎIVAGIR]
¶	aďivažec  blasphemous, profane
¶aďnáe - n - Caďinorian or Irrean temple; occasionally used for a large Eleďe church. [AIĎNAURE ‘God-place’]
¶aďom - n - cleric
¶aďomát - n - clergy
¶aďontu - n - vision, revelation [‘God-showing’]
¶áďoraž - n - hurricane, tornado [‘divine storm’]
¶aďrašec - n - (slang) god-botherer, priest [‘god-screwer’]
¶aďtävel - n - disaster, catastrophe; (MV slang) downer, bummer [AIĎOTAUBREL ‘god-blow’]
¶aďtävele - a - disastrous, catastrophic
¶Aelëa - n - Goddess of the Earth and wife of Aežon (1st Age mythology) [AELILEA]
¶aelutrát - n - virtue, righteousness; character; the virtues
¶aelutre - a - virtuous [reborrowing of AELUŤRES; cf. {elut}]
¶aelutul - n - virtue, good point
¶Aežon - n - Lord of the Gods and God of the Heavens (1st Age mythology) [AECTON]
¶affuca - n - tartan, plaid— pattern formed with crossing patterns, characteristic of the upper Svetla [Eř axfuca ‘counter-color’]
¶agasan - vt ø - annoy [AGASAN ‘poke’]
¶agasarda - n - cholera [reborrowing of AGASARDA ‘poking disorder’]
¶agasë - a - annoying
¶Agaďe - n - Eleďe name [OV {Agaťe}]
¶agažë - a - involved, active, outraged, engagé, particularly as a response to oppression  [‘against the outrageous’]
¶agban - n - dam; hindrance, obstacle
¶agbaner - vt ø - hinder, impede, obstruct [‘against traveling’]
¶agbüte - a - useless [‘against-goal’]
¶agečia - n - refusal; disdain
¶agečir - vt ø - refuse, waive; disdain [‘throw against’]
¶agmuran - vt ø - disobey [ak  ‘against’ + imuran ‘obey’]
¶Agne - n - Eleďe name [OV {Hagne}]
¶agoläm - a - important, serious [‘to be faced’]
¶agolamát - n - importance, seriousness
¶agolec - vt - face, address; deal with, take care of [‘face toward’]
¶	Eto agole soa aguma?  Does this address the problem?
¶agreni - n - belief, conviction [ADCRENIS ‘deeply felt’, from AD ‘at’ + CRENIS ‘guts’]
¶	ab agrenin  on principle, out of conviction
¶	tenec agrena  hold a belief
¶agrenisát - n - beliefs, persuasion; belief-system, world-view, ideology
¶agrenuli - n - opinion [‘a little belief’]
¶	tenec agrenula  to have an opinion
¶aguma - n - problem [Cuêzi {agūma}]
¶Ahuenai - n - Axunai, Xurno; Xengiman [Axunašin {Axunai}]
¶	bomë Ahuenai  Axunai
¶ahuenaš - n - Xurnese [Axunašin axunašin, modified by analogy with Ahuenai]
¶	bome ahuenaš  Axunašin
¶ahuene - a - Xurnese
¶ai - v - I am (esan)
¶ailuro - n - cat— small domesticated predator, related to {čuculî} etc.
¶áiočak - n - trap [Qaraumcán ayočaq]
¶aiočakan - vt - trap
¶ak - prep - against [AȞ]
¶	ak mezinen  against nature
¶	ak dy so činek šri  lest the boss find out
¶	brigan ak drukán  fight with a friend
¶	gagan ak hostán  choke on a bone
¶	Zet mis dy e ak soán daluguesán  It’s said that he’s against the monarchy
¶akaltáš - n - nadir [‘against the zenith’; replacing OV {basáš} for euphemistic reasons]
¶akanadonta - n - antibiotic [‘against bacterium’]
¶akašesa - n - contrast, opposition
¶akašir - vt - contrast, oppose [‘against-think’; cf. {coašir}]
¶akčaska - n - fire screen [‘against sparks’]
¶akešui - n - insurance, insurance policy [‘against failure’]
¶	tene teplenem akešua  to be fully insured
¶	akešui dernén  tontine
¶akešuir - vt - insure
¶	akešuir dom zië  insure one’s house
¶akežan - vt ø - protect [‘guard against’]
¶	akežan so řük ak bortomin  protect the castle from bandits
¶akežë - n - helm
¶akežeo - n - protection
¶akfsya - n - (MV slang) reactionary [‘against everything’]
¶akhipelir - n - vaccine [‘against virus’]
¶akhipelirec - v - vaccinate
¶akirestát - n - decolonialzation
¶aklädan - vt ø - resist [‘go against’]
¶aklädeca - n - resistance
¶aklog - n - contradiction, denial (pl. akloži) [‘word against’]
¶aklogen - vt ø - contradict, deny; repudiate
¶	aklogen proetam zië  go back on one’s word
¶akmizec - vi ø - disagree, object (conj. like mizec) [‘speak against’]
¶	akmizec Ihanon  disagree with Ihano
¶	akmizec ak ciberdelán  disagree with a decision
¶akmizo - n - disagreement
¶aknó - n - window [‘against storm’ = {ak} ‘against’ + archaic {no} ‘rain’, from NOU]
¶akolotan - vt - dislike, disdain, spurn [‘feel against’]
¶akolotë - n - dislike, disdain
¶akonten - vt - disprove [‘show against’]
¶akontu - n - disproof
¶akoteran - vt ø - confuse, vex, puzzle [‘against-knowledge’]
¶akoterát - n - confusion, puzzlement
¶akpluya - n - umbrella [‘against rain’]
¶akprenan - vt - rob with violence [‘take against’]
¶	akprenan ontediďa de redelcén  rob a woman of her watch
¶akpuyan - vt - repel, force back [‘push against’]
¶	Akpuynu soa incučä  They forced the invader back
¶akpuyo - n - resistance to an enemy or a force
¶akrafne - a - unfair [‘against fairness’]
¶akřaner - vt ø - guard captives, prisoners, booty; cf. hežan [‘keep against’]
¶akřanec - n - guard; warden, jailer
¶akseltë - n - sunglasses [akseltë lëtyora ‘against-light glasses’]
¶akskazia - n - penalty; fine
¶akskazir - vt - fine, assess a penalty [‘punish against’]
¶aksubrel - n - counter-effect [‘against-effect’]
¶Akula - n - Eleďe name [OV {Akula}]
¶akula - n - shark— large, primitive, fierce predator [AKULUA, from Meť. {akluwa}]
¶akženë - n - sin against another man; crime
¶akžény - a - malicious, sinful, mean [‘against the people’]
¶al- - a - earthly (OV name element) [ALES]
¶alaďé - n - stereo [niru alaďee ‘music machine’]
¶alaďea - n - music [ALAIŤEA]
¶	lebë alaďea  bourgeois music of the 3400s
¶alaďeom - n - musician
¶Aläna - n - the first iliu-maiden [Cuêzi {Alāna}]
¶alat - n - an emur coin of Pakšohan or Hežina, in other lands generally called {alati} [dialectal form of ALAŤIS]
¶alat - n - a silver coin of Kebri, worth a third more than a fale [Keb. {alať}]
¶alati - n - lark; a common Caďinorian coin, generally of emur (Célenor, Ctésifon, Guaya, Solhai, Pakšohan, Hežina, Mútkün, Hroth, Érenat, Ismahi— the Ismaîn coin is also called an {alasi}); also an ancient Caďinorian emur coin; (MV slang) Altašei [ALAŤIS— the coin generally pictures the bird]
¶Alauda - n - Cuzeian name [{alaldas} ‘star’]
¶Aláudë - n - Cuzeian name [{alaldillê} ‘starlike’]
¶alb - n - beam, mast [dialectal variation of {arb} ‘tree’]
¶	alb and manoin  bannister, railing
¶alcalë - n - treasure; (colloq.) vagina  [reborrowing of ALCALIE, from Cuêzi {alcalias}, nomn. {cōli} ‘gather’ (cf. {colir})]
¶alcedla - n - magic [ALETES CAEDEL ‘the high discipline’]
¶alcedlom - n - magician
¶alcedsanno - n - wizard, master magician, necromancer
¶alčiro - n - army captain, major [‘high lieutenant’]
¶aldea - n - village [ALDEIA]
¶alďoro - n - village chief [ALAŤORION, village chief, elder]
¶Aleďea - n - Eleďe name [OV {Aleťeia}]
¶Alekia - n - Eleďe name [OV {Alecsia}]
¶Alekio - n - Eleďe name [OV {Alecsio}]
¶aletasces - n - maximum [reborrowing of ALETASCES ‘highest’]
¶	aletasces sfutátei  speed limit
¶alia - n - how one gets by; lifestyle 
¶alihar - n - advantage, upper hand [reborrowing of ALIȞAR, from Cuêzi {alīxār} ‘high place’]
¶	bruhan alihar  take advantage (+ gen. = of something, + dat. = of someone)
¶	alihar ab hičatán  an advantage in cunning
¶alir - vt ø - (colloq. or MV) deal with, handle, come to terms with, make do with [Flaidish {ʔaull}]
¶	zet alir  get by, make do, get on well enough
¶Almea - n - Almea, the world; (not capitalized) world [ALAMEIA, from ALES ‘earthly’, MEIS ‘water’; that is, ‘the seas and lands’]
¶	Doncelai almea pro šrifec  I’d give the world to know
¶Alric - n - Caďinorian given name [OV ‘earthly-ruler’]
¶altáš - n - summit; zenith; ideal, paragon [ALETASCES ‘highest’]
¶Altašei - a invar - far-right party of the 3600s [‘idealist’]
¶altašše - a - superior, ideal
¶altát - n - height
¶altcliďu - n - vicar
¶altcurana - n - high curacy; the office of an altcüre
¶altcüre - n - Caďinorian pagan curate or bishop
¶alte - a, n - high; accent; accented syllable [ALETES]
¶	áltece dec uestî  at most ten men
¶altilneo - n - archbishop
¶altmesti - n - archdiocese [cf. {mesti}]
¶altmuyo - n - crisis [‘high peril’]
¶altom - n - leader [‘high-man’]
¶altora - n - metrical pattern
¶altu - n - tyrant [OV {ayltur}, boss]
¶altuát - n - tyranny
¶Alue - n - Cuzeian name [{ailuē} ‘graceful’]
¶aluatas - n - grammar; (MV slang) Altašei [reborrowing of ALUATAS]
¶alyo - n - garlic [ALILO]
¶	cum alyon er indán  with sass
¶am - v - we are (esan)
¶Ambeca - n - Cuzeian name [{ambeca} ‘grace’]
¶ambrec - n - lover, connoisseur, fan, aficionado; (art) Romantic
¶	Menca Ambrecië  the Romantic School (3500s)
¶ambresa - n - liking, appreciation, approval; (MV) romanticism, nostalgia [AMAREICA]
¶	čisy ambresa  good taste
¶	ambresa and frälinen  a taste for young women
¶ambrir - vt ø - like, have a taste for; value, appreciate, approve (focus on judgment or aesthetics; cf. ditavan) [AMARIR ‘respect, appreciate’]
¶	ambre soem frälinem  he likes young women
¶Ambrise - n - Cuzeian name [{ambrisei} ‘dancer’]
¶Ambrišo - n - Cuzeian name [{Ambrisio} ‘dancer’]
¶ametan - vt - bring; deliver [ADMETTAN, from AD ‘to’ + METTAN ‘put’]
¶	ametan čaa [ad] hotun  bring tea for a guest
¶amevan - vt - defy [AȞMEBRAN ‘act against’]
¶amevát - n - defiance
¶Amiša - n - Cuzeian name [{amīsia} ‘joy’]
¶ammeď - n - eldest child; heir [‘first son’]
¶ammigo - n - devil, corrupted vyoža (Power) of Almea [Cuezi {amnigo} ‘coming from Amnās’]
¶Amon - n - (Eleďát) Amnās, evil spirit dominating Almea; (paganism) a First Age demon [AMONOS, from Cuêzi {Amnās}]
¶amrab - n - law; code of law; monastic rule; monastic order [OV {ambrab}, assimilated form of {ambram}, from AMARAUM ‘precedent’, literally ‘what is to be respected’; cf. {ambrir}]
¶	so amrab  the study of law
¶amrabe - a - lawful, legal
¶amrabise - a - rightful, lawful, de jure (by law)
¶	Ai dalu muë amrabise  I am your lawful king
¶amrabom - n - lawyer
¶	amrabom Muďuce  exceptionally canny and unscrupulous lawyer
¶amrabul - n - obverse stamp on a coin  [{leta ambrabula}, ‘coin made legal’]
¶an - # - one; whole; (n) heir, eldest; (a) umarried, single [AN]
¶	so An Daluy  the Heir Apparent, the Crown Prince (f. ana daluy)
¶	an hipcontanan  heir to the Viscountcy
¶an- - prefix - eldest
¶Ana - n - Eleďe name [OV {Anna}]
¶anacoďia - n - isolation, alienation
¶anacoďir - vt - isolate, set apart [‘one-separate’]
¶anadonta - n - bacterium [‘one cell’]
¶anát - n - union, unity; (philosophy) Oneness, God
¶anca - n - hip [HANCA]
¶ancëmure - a - single-page (e.g. presses or documents)
¶and - prep - for, on behalf of, for the benefit of, intended for; in favor of [reborrowing of AND]
¶	and soán cumbutatán  on behalf of the company
¶	ivro and ečomuin  a book for schoolchildren
¶	ambresa and šeren  a taste for beer
¶	řit and surogonec  frying pan
¶	Itësu and soán otifeyen  I worry about the poor thing
¶	Ai and soan yestan  I’m for the idea
¶	Ei and iy ak?  Are you for or against?
¶Andažuei - n - Endajué, the majority religion of Xurno [Xurnese {Endajué}, from {ende dzu ez} ‘path between all’]
¶andaša - n - seminar, meeting; committee [‘session for (doing)’]
¶andedau - n - profit [Keb. {adnedau} ‘addition’, from {adnedu} ‘add’, borrowing of ADMETTAN]
¶	colir andedaum is soán cumbutatán  make a profit from the business
¶	So cumbutát keďe andedaum  The business returns a profit
¶andettene - a - profitable [‘has profits’]
¶andor - a - mighty [ANDEOR]
¶Andrea - n - Eleďe name [OV {Anďrea}]
¶Andrey - n - Eleďe name [OV {Anďrea}]
¶ane - a - eldest
¶	anî  parents
¶anëdana - n - lineage; breed
¶anëdë - a - of good family; pedigreed animal; (Er. slang) pregnant
¶anëden - vi - descend [ANORDEN ‘claim as one’s ancestor’, from ANOR ‘elder’]
¶	anëdec  descendant
¶	anëdul  ancestor
¶	anëdec Sumeei  A descendant of Sumeo
¶	Anëde Sumeei  He descends from Sumeo
¶Anëla - n - Eleďe name [OV {Angela}]
¶anelen - vt/vi - ring
¶anelo - n - ring [ANELLO]
¶anelota - n - chain mail [‘ring-collection’]
¶anëly - n - angel
¶Áneve - n - Goddess of Spirit and love  (1st age mythology) [OV {Ándembre}, late Caďinor ANDEMARE, feminization of ANDEMAR]
¶anguia - n - eel— long thin fish [ANGUHILA, from Cuêzi {ancuīlla} ‘small sea serpent’, from Meť. {ankuva} ‘sea snake’]
¶anieprusi - n - singles bar [{anië prusi} ‘inn of the unmarried’]
¶anise - a - only, unique, sole
¶	Eu soî anisî kaë šrifu  They’re the only ones who know 
¶	anisë žusia  state-granted monopoly (Érenat)
¶	anise žusec  natural monopoly (by location or by keeping others out)
¶aniseca - n - copyright
¶	im anisecan  copyrighted
¶	sam anisecan  in the public domain
¶	Cunculë Ereláei Cunkonse i Aniseca  Ereláe Copyright Conference Organization 
¶anisece - adv - only, solely, merely
¶anitire - a - sincere, honest; naïvely trusting [‘single-spirited’]
¶aniže - a - cool, chilly
¶-ank- - suffix - pejorative suffix [Ct]
¶ankazë - n - nominee, candidate in an election
¶ankazec - vt - nominate for office [‘point for’]
¶	zet kazec  run for office
¶	Ankaztom Caltam and munëin  We’ll run Calto for the position
¶ankazeca - n - nomination, candidature
¶anor - n - elder [ANOR]
¶anori - n - college, group
¶	soa Anori - (Caďinorian Catholic) College of Cardinals
¶anorul - n - collegian; Cardinal
¶anpisel - n - broadsheet [‘one fold’]
¶anröma - n - the singular [‘one-count’]
¶anröme - a - singular
¶ans - n - handle [ANSOS]
¶ansel - n - key [‘little handle’]
¶	tombir so ansel  blab, snitch
¶ánselcud - n - keyhole (pl. ánselcuzî) [‘key-hole’]
¶anta - n - (MV slang) homey, pal, partner [Trêng]
¶antau - n - system [Cuêzi {āntāu} ‘unity’, from {āno} ‘one’]
¶antauir - v - (MV slang) run a system; gamble 
¶antiu - n - (Ct) trick, stratagem [reborrowing from Caď.]
¶anušan - vt - loathe [AȞNUSIAN ‘set one’s face against’, from AȞ ‘against’ + NUSIAN ‘be determined’]
¶anušeo - n - loathing
¶apelu - n - call [APELLU]
¶apeluan - vt ø - call, summon [APELLAN ‘name, call’]
¶	apeluan pretäram  call a servant
¶Apleno - n - Eleďe name [OV {Apellen}]
¶Apolo - n - Eleďe name [OV {Apollo}]
¶apros - adv - later, afterward; (prep) after [AD PROCIN ‘[following] close after’]
¶	apros soan pavonan  following the wagon
¶	apros soan prandon  after dinner
¶	apros dy so dalu fäsre  after the King left
¶	So dalu apros siča šantne  The king was later singing
¶aprosmev - n - reaction
¶aprosmevan - vt ø - (intr) react; (tr) counter [‘act after’]
¶aproste - adj - later, subsequent
¶appakan - vi ø - approach
¶	Appakam soan mažtanan  We’re approaching the city
¶appakát - n - approach [‘toward closeness’]
¶appuyan - vt ø - motivate, inspire; imply, suggest [‘push toward’]
¶	Et appuyei šantan  You inspire me to sing
¶	Šant appuye alaďea  A song implies music
¶appuyo - n - motivation; implication, suggestion
¶apprî - prep - before, in front of [{ad} ‘toward’+ {prî} ‘facing’]
¶	apprî so domán  in front of the house
¶ar - interj - yes [Curiyan ayra ‘truly’]
¶arad - prep - despite [HARAD]
¶arafát - n - terror, brutality, lawlessness [{až} ‘away from’ + {rafát} ‘justice’]
¶aran - n - cradle [ARANOS]
¶Arana - n - Cuzeian name (m) [{araunas} ‘eagle’]
¶aráne - a - of Aránicer [ARAUNIRES]
¶	(šendu) aráne  a card game much like poker
¶	(šendu) aráne ismaë  a variant where one card is dealt face up
¶Aränë - n - a tributary of the Svetla [ARAUNIRES]
¶Aránicer - n - Aránicer, a city on the upper Svetla [ARAUNICAER, half-translation of ARAUNICOROS, from Cuêzi {Araunicoros} ‘port of the Eagle’]
¶Aranotu - n - the Creating Spirit, Mind (1st Age mythology) [ANDRANONT]
¶arasni - n - spider— web-building arthropod— on Almea, ten-legged) [ARACNIS]
¶arastát - n - care
¶araste - a - careful, painstaking; patient [ARACNITES ‘painstaking, like a spider’]
¶Araš - n - Araš, the first man [Cuêzi {Arrasos}]
¶Arašát - n - Arašát, the worship of Iáinos; the religion of Cuzei and the Arašeî 
¶Arašei - n - one of the worshippers of Iáinos [‘son of Araš’]
¶arašó - adv - very much, much, quite
¶arb - n - tree [ARBOS]
¶arbek - n - locust— swarming, destructive hopping insect [HARBEȞ]
¶arbul - n - shrub
¶arc - n - bow, arc [ARCOS]
¶Arcaln - n - the ancient fortress on Arin Island guarding Verduria [‘Arin fortress’]
¶Arcél - n - the eastern continent, seat of Belesao and Uytai [Uytainese {ʔarkhel} ‘Almea’]
¶arcom - n - bowmaker— a subspecialty of strelorát
¶ardënda - n - monument [ADLERIENDA ‘memorial’, from ADLERIEC ‘remember’, from AD + LERIAS ‘understanding’]
¶Arénica - n - ancient name of Verduria [ARENICA, from AROSD]
¶arico - n - long bean [HARICO]
¶arin - a, n - relating to Arosd or Arénica; (poetically) Verdurian; also, the name of the delta island on which Arcaln is built [ARENES]
¶arkoša - tree-dwelling cat, found in Rau jungle [‘tree cat’]
¶arni - n - lamb [ARINIS]
¶Äron - n - Eleďe name [OV {Aaron}]
¶Arosd - n - ancient name for the Eärdur river delta [Meť.‘delta’]
¶ařelir - vt - pelt with stones or debris; cast sand, seeds, or other small objects on; sprinkle with water [AȞRESLIR, from AȞ ‘against’ + RESLIR ‘sow’]
¶ařemë - n - negative (grammar, logic) [AȞEMEC ‘deny’, from AȞ ‘against’ + EMEC ‘talk’]
¶ařendil - n - termite [AȞENDIL ‘against-wood-thing’]
¶	tihy com ařendilin  quiet as a mouse
¶ařo - n - (computers) bit [{ar-řo} ‘yes-no’]
¶ařolotë - n - prejudice, bigotry, unreasoning dislike [‘feel against’]
¶ařolotëte - a - prejudiced, bigoted (ak)
¶ařošát - n - persecution, harassment
¶ařošen - vt - persecute, badger, harass [AȞKOSCEN ‘play with like a cat’, cf. {koška}]
¶aržent - n - silver[ARGENTOS]
¶aržentei - n - official name for the fale, the large silver coin of Verduria; a similar coin in Krasnaya; or a small silver coin of Célenor, Guaya, or Viminia 
¶aržentul - n - a small silver coin of Verduria (worth 1/3 fale); used informally for similar coins in other countries [‘small silver’]
¶äser - a - merry, jolly, cheerful [ALACER ‘roaring drunk’]
¶äserát - n - merriment, jollity, mirth, good cheer
¶asën - n - maple— temperate, deciduous tree with heavy foliage [ACERNOS]
¶ásuir - vi Ag - sit, sit down [ASIR]
¶	šesan ásuir  seat
¶asuena - n - seat; chair [reborrowing of ASUENA]
¶	asuena lonei  the place of honor; (grammar) the most salient position
¶-áš - suffix - augmentive 
¶aša - n - session, sitting [ASIA, from ASIR ‘sit’]
¶ašea - n - thought
¶ašec - n - thinker; intelligent creature
¶ašetia - n - redemption; ransom; salvation
¶ašetir - vt - redeem, ransom [‘buy toward’]
¶ašir - vt ø - think; consider, figure [HASCIR]
¶	Tot řo ašu   I think not
¶	Ašcelu dy suvei soa ďaya  I suppose you’re right
¶At - honorific - abbreviation for Aďom tësaďatei, Caďinorian pagan priest
¶-át - suffix - state, art, method [-ANTOS]
¶atabát - n - (esp. Er.) empire [ATRABANTOS]
¶atabei - n - empress [ATRABEIS]
¶atabise - a - imperial (cf. etaldete)
¶atabo - n - emperor [ATRABION]
¶Ataféy - n - Jippirasti emperor Attafei; (slang) VIP, big boss
¶atäpan - vt - catch [ad + {haup} OV ‘cord for trapping game’, from HAUPIS ‘tight’]
¶Atau - n - Cuzeian name [Antāu]
¶atikan - vt - sting; agitate, stir up [synaesthetic]
¶	zet atikan  (MV slang) get mad or upset
¶atikát - n - agitation, unrest
¶atiku - n - sting
¶Atipa - n - Eleďe name [OV {Antipa}]
¶Atónia - n - Eleďe name [OV {Antonio}]
¶Atónio - n - Eleďe name [OV {Antonio}]
¶atna - n - cabin [ATONNA ‘small room’]
¶attenec - vi Pt - belong [‘toward having’]
¶	attenec soán šohán  belong to the duke
¶attróuen - vt  reach, attain; convince [‘toward finding’]
¶	attróuen so ftalók  reach the ceiling
¶atüčy - n - rascal [ANTIUTIS ‘mischievous’, ultimately from ANTIU ‘prank’]
¶atún - n - room; paragraph [ATONNOS]
¶atunec - n - roommate
¶atuny - n - apartment; lodgings [{atunî} ‘rooms’]
¶aťana - n - (Avéle) army [Keb.]
¶audát - n - reception, audience; conception (mental) [ALDANTOS]
¶audec - vt - receive, host, put up; conceive, think up [ALDEC]
¶	audec hotom zië  receive one’s guests
¶	Kiel audeo yelem lë?  Where do you get your ideas? 
¶	Soa conta řo aude  The countess is not receiving visitors
¶audnáe - n - living room
¶auisa - n - (MV slang) hottie, beauty [Šɯk ‘nymph statue’]
¶aunca - n - (Er. slang) prostitute
¶Auřay - n - a tributary of the Serea, in Zelm province [ALKRAIS]
¶auva - n - womb; mold, for clay or metal [ALBRA]
¶auvec - n - cast, mold [ALBREC]
¶ava - n - grandmother [ABRA]
¶ave - interj - hail! hello!
¶Avéla - n - Avéla, capital of Érenat and center of the Eleďe church [Keb. {Avelaȟ}]
¶	řon Avéle  Érenati dialect
¶avelotá - n - “avelanism,” a speech mannerism characteristic of Avélan dialect
¶avena - n - oats [ABRENNA]
¶avenura - n - porridge 
¶Ávetu - n - ancient iliu king [AMBRETU]
¶avisar - n - secondary school [AVISSAR ‘academy’, from Cuêzi {avissār} ‘community of scholars’, lit. ‘place of knowledge’]
¶	avisarei  (invar.) having completed avisar studies but not entered a university 
¶avisaru - n - student in an avisar
¶avo - n - grandfather [ABRO]
¶Avräm - n - Eleďe name [OV {Avraam}]
¶avula - n - great-aunt
¶avulën - a - voluntary [{ab vulein} ‘with will’]
¶avulo - n - great-uncle
¶ay - interj - ouch (expression of pain)
¶ayurë - n - sunflower [‘worshipper’]
¶ayurea - n - devotion
¶ayurec - vt ø - idolize, worship, be devoted to [AHUREC]
¶Ávusto - n - Eleďe name [OV {Avgusto}]
¶azava - n - stellar cluster [Keb. collective of ‘star’]
¶Azelei - n - radar [‘(machine) of Azel’]
¶azelise - a - Azelist, favoring free trade and capitalism [after Erasto Azel]
¶azelisát - n -  Azelism, free trade and capitalism; neoliberalism
¶Azënár - n - Cuzeian name [{azienār} ‘forest’]
¶azipa - n m - fat, grease [ADIPAS]
¶azipdan - vt - grease; dip in fat (before frying)
¶azifse - a - fat; (MV slang) pregnant
¶azurda - n m - sapphire [ADURDAS, from Cuêzi {adūrdas} ‘blue substance’]
¶azure - a - blue [ADURES]
¶azurek - n - bruise, welt [OV dim. of ‘blue’]
¶	dan azurek  bruise (+dat.)
¶azurom - n - sailor, naval recruit [from the blue color of their uniform]
¶azuršue - a - bluish; the darkish color of the Uytainese
¶až - prep - away, away from; besides, except [AIUS]
¶	žesan až soan mažtanan  live away from the city
¶	vežaen až soa mažtana  run away from the city (acc., showing movement)
¶	až Vyatán erán  south of Vyat
¶	až Verdúrian po ďunen cemisen  two kilometers from Verduria
¶	Soî činî eu on de čelán caë  The plates are out of their places again
¶	Řo e agoläm až lavisatán  Nothing matters but dancing
¶ažana - adv - at least, at worst [AC TANA ‘but surely’]
¶ažantu - n - strangeness [Ajantu, its discoverer]
¶Ažáritar - n - name of a star [Cuêzi {Agāeritar}]
¶ažbežia - n - a movement away
¶ažbežir - vt Ag - withdraw, retire, move away [‘movement away’]
¶	zet ažbežir  withdraw oneself
¶	Tam ažbežirum im audnáa  Let us retire to the living room
¶ažbrugiven - vi Ag - duck, dodge [‘twist away’]
¶ažcita - n - monastery [{až} away + CINTURA ‘city walls’: ‘away from the city’]
¶ažežes - n - suburb [‘neighborhood away (from the city)’]
¶ažflegan - vt -  wean [‘away from nursing’]
¶ažgolec - vt - ignore, neglect [‘face away’]
¶ažela - n - tenderness [AGELLA ‘kindness’]
¶ažele - a - tender
¶ažfäsir - vt - forego, leave; forsake [‘away-leave’]
¶ažglömen - vt - wipe someone’s nose [‘away-snot’]
¶	zet ažglömen  blow one’s nose
¶ažlädan - vi Pt - spread out, disperse, scatter (of individuals) [‘go away’]
¶ažlapren - vi Ag - run away, elude [AIUSLAPREN]
¶ažmëria - n - discouragement
¶ažmërir - vt ø -discourage, demoralize [‘away from fiery’]
¶ažmetan - vt - throw out, discard ‘put away’]
¶	ažmetulî  (pl.) garbage
¶ažmifan - vt - revoke [‘away-allow’]
¶	ažmifan soi coamrabi lukulei  revoke the privileges of the guilty party
¶ažmifát - n - revocation
¶aznimea - n - refusal
¶ažnimec - vt ø - decline, turn down [NIMEC ‘plan to’]
¶	zet ažnimec  pass one’s turn, defer to another
¶Ažirei - n - Goddess of the Sea; (music) 6th note of a scale, fixed G [AGIREIS, from Meť. {Agibna}]
¶	amrab Ažireë  maritime law, the law of the sea
¶ažprenan - vt - take away [‘away-take’]
¶	Ažprenano ci-dronem!  Take away these guitars!
¶ažuvea - n - vacation
¶ažuven - vi Ag - go on vacation [AIUBREN ‘go away, retreat’, from AIUS ‘away’]
¶/B
¶ba- - prefix - brother’s [abbreviation of {baraďu}]
¶baba - adv - open-mouthed, gaping, slack-jawed [BABEC ‘open the mouth wide’, imitative]
¶	Siča tekru baba  I stood there with my jaw dropped
¶bäbec - vi Ag - yawn [BABEC; long ä is synaesthetic]
¶bäbeo - n - yawn
¶baco - n - (obscene) cunt [BACO]
¶bačul - a - (MV slang) scared [Wesaitan]
¶badai - n - scream
¶badair - vi Ag - scream
¶badnó - n - (MV slang) con man, operator [’coyote’]
¶baďi - n - hitting; percussion
¶baďir - vt - hit [BAŤIR]
¶baďul - n - percussion instrument
¶bakati - n - vomit
¶bakatir - vt ø - vomit [variant of babatir: baba ‘open-mouthed’ + -atir ‘do (with a body part)’]
¶bakt - a - terrible [Keb. bakte ‘fucking’] 
¶bal - n - tact [BAL]
¶balam - n - edible plant, vegetable [BOLAM]
¶baltene - a - tactful
¶ban - n - way, passage; initial direction; railway line; (music) modal group [BANOS]
¶	až ban!  get out of the way!
¶banda - n - (Ct slang) lucky person [after the Banda dynasty]
¶baner - vi Ag - venture; (MV slang) leave
¶Bánimu - n - Cuzeian name [banimu ‘voyager’]
¶bankeša - n - destination [‘way’s end’]
¶bansë - n - (Ct) spy [BANSEHIE]
¶baorise - a - quadruple, four times [cf. Cuêzi ‘four’]
¶Bar - n - Cuzeian name [bāuros ‘old one’]
¶baraďu - n - brother [BARAŤU]  
¶Barahin - n - Barakhún [partial translation of Bar. {Barakhun} ‘mountain-land’]
¶Barahina - n - Barakhina, capital city of Barakhún [Bar.]
¶barahine - n, a - Barakhuni
¶barahinei - n - Barakhinei (language) [Bar. ‘of Barakhún’]
¶Bardau - n - Cuzeian name [bardāu ‘communion’, from bardu ‘brother’]
¶bardaum - a - primal, ritualistic, orgiastic [Cuêzi {bardāume} ‘communal, drawing together’]
¶bardinó - n - coyote— medium-size, very clever predator; related to lef [BARILONDOS, augmentative of BAURILOS, from Cuêzi {bāurīllos} ‘little old one’]
¶	com bardinón  cleverly, or impudently
¶bargë - n - quarter, one fourth [BARGAU, from Cuêzi {bārgāu}, from {bāor} ‘four’]
¶barsúc - n - badger— small predator; (Ct slang) dude, pal (pl. barsúsî) [BURSONCOS]
¶barucia - n - lounging, lying
¶barucir - vi Pt - lie; rest, lounge [*BARUKIR ‘rest on the patio’]
¶	Barucre sur nažezan  He was lying on the couch 
¶	Barucre sur nažeza  He lay down on the couch 
¶baruk - n - paved outside room in an ancient Caďinorian house
¶bařura - n - a unit of area, 6.2 square feet [BAREȞURA ‘armful’]
¶basasces - n - minimum [reborrowing of BASASCES ‘lowest’]
¶basáš - n - slaver; scumbag, lowest of the low; (archaic) nadir [BASASCES ‘lowest’]
¶basašše - a - inferior; of the lowest morals or quality; pessimal
¶basát - n - lowness
¶base - a - low, lower; mean, vulgar; unaccented syllable, dip [BASES]
¶	basece dec uestî  at least ten men
¶	so base Eärdur  the lower Eärdur
¶basfahe - n - slang, lower class speech [‘low speech’]
¶baskud - n - anus [‘lower hole’]
¶baslevi - n - vulva, labia (usually used in pl.) [‘lower lip’]
¶basom - n - slave
¶basomát - n - slavery
¶baspüna - n - flipper [‘lower fin’]
¶basřez - n - toil, hard work, drudgery [‘low work’]
¶basřezen - vi Ag - toil, drudge, labor
¶bastón - n - stick [BASTONDOS, augmentative of BASTOS]
¶baš - n - slap, spanking
¶bašan - vt ø - slap, clap, spank [imitative]
¶bašševey - n - a pubic hair
¶bašti - n - the sticks (percussion instrument) [Ism. {baçti} ‘sticks’, from BASTOS]
¶baubu - n - rabies— the Almean disease is associated with horses rather than dogs [Bar. {balbu} from Somoyi]
¶bäz - n - claim, demand [OV ‘toll’, from *BANSOS, from BANSES ‘of the road’, from BANOS ‘road, way’]
¶bauraca - n - (Er. slang) bad luck [Keb.]
¶bäzec - vt - claim, demand
¶	bäzec pro gintron   to claim the throne
¶bdornor - n - stranger (Curiyan dialect) [from Curiyan]
¶be - n invar - the letter B (invar.), the eleventh letter of the alphabet <tt>B</tt> [BE]
¶bečas - n - the Xurnese hallucinogenic plant pepec [Eluyet bečes ‘vision’]
¶Bečínd - n - God of Earth (First age mythology) [BETCINDOS, augmentative derivation of BETCIR, Arániceri variant of BECTIR ‘move’]
¶bečindise - a - environmentalist [Bečínd]
¶bečka - n - barrel; a unit of measure, 4 lucoi or 145.1 l [OV {beyčka}, diminutive of {bayča}, from BAITA, from Meť.]
¶	dan urek bečkan  drink a lot
¶bečom - n - barrelmaker, cooper
¶bečón - n - a fast dance in Ismaîn style, esp. accompanied by the guitar [Ism. {beçtô}, augm. of ‘movement’, from BECTIR]
¶bedorcan - vi Pt - stumble [synaesthetic— the tongue stumbles across the palate]
¶beďel - n - test, observation
¶	abbosan u beďelán  pass a test
¶	ešuir beďel  fail a test
¶	hipsalďir beďel  take a test
¶beďelan - vt ø - test
¶beďir - vt ø - inspect, observe [BEŤIR ‘inspect, test’]
¶beďo - n - inspection, observation
¶	araste beďo  close investigation, scientific attitude
¶befel - n - command, order, decree; imperative mood [Curiyan befe ‘order’ + nominalization -el]
¶	ül befel  classical imperative
¶befelan - vi Ag - command, order (takes dat.); (computers) program (takes acc.)
¶	Ke befelcele Ënomain lialan?  Who would command the sun to rise?
¶befelát - n - programming, IT
¶befelec - programmer, developer
¶befelora - n - computer program
¶beh - n - spirit, essence— a substance formed by distillation [BAEȞ ‘essence’] 
¶	beh elcarinei  sulphuric acid, oil of vitriol
¶	beh selei  hydrochloric acid, muriatic acid
¶	beh mičii  acquous ammonia
¶behdan - vt ø - sketch [BAEȞDAN ‘portray’, from DAN ‘give’ + BAEȞ ‘essence’]
¶behdel - n - picture— a mimetic representation; cf. risunë, pažaka [BAEȞDEL]
¶Behusa - n - Behusa religion [Xurnese Bezuxau ‘Bezu teaching’]
¶bekamát - n - comfort
¶bekame - a - comfortable; (Ct slang) shabby, ratty; (MV slang) tasty, delicious [BEKASMES ‘informal, wearing old clothes’, from BEKE ‘old clothes’]
¶belaca - n - straight sword, Caďinorian sword (pl. belasî) [BELACA]
¶	belaca platula  mercenary 
¶belacát - n - courtesy, chivalry, noble manners [OV ‘swordsmanship’]
¶belacatise - a - courteous, chivalrous, gallant, polite
¶belacatom - n - gentleman, a gallant or chivalrous man
¶beldobre - a - good, right, lovely, satisfying, beautiful; suggesting Narnia, or the Gospels [beluán ‘beautiful’ + dobre ‘good’]
¶Belesáu - n - Belesao [Keb. Belesau]
¶belfasco - n - fair weather
¶belfassec - v impers - to be fair (conj. like fassec) [bel ‘beautiful’ + fassec ‘do’]
¶	Eludëno belfas  It’s nice out today
¶belgo - n - war [reborrowing of BELGO]
¶	Belgo řo e belfasco  War is hell
¶belgom - n - warrior
¶belgomáš - n - warlord
¶belgovël - a - ostentatious, grandiose [BELGOVILEIL, after the emperor BELGOVILEAS who rebuilt Ctésifon in grand style]
¶belgsanno - n - general [‘war-lord’]
¶Belnear - n - God of the Forest [BEUNEIRO]
¶belor - n - close friend [BELOR]
¶belora - n - (female) close friend
¶Belšai - n - Belšai [Xurnese Belšay]
¶belšaine - a - of Belšai
¶belua - n - beauty
¶beluán - a - beautiful [BELUAND ‘dear, loveable’, from BELOR ‘close friend’]
¶beluso - n - a teacher of Endajué [Xurnese beylusu]
¶bem - n - head; cob of maize [BEMBOS ‘gourd’]
¶	Kiom tencao im bemán?  What was I thinking?
¶bemáš - n - cartoon, caricature; comic strip [behdel bemáš ‘big head drawing’]
¶bemašát - n - cartooning, the art of caricature
¶bemát - n - capital
¶bembula - n - skull [‘head ball’]
¶benda - n - work, power [BENEDA ‘consecration’]
¶Benécia - n - Benécia [from dialectal beneca ‘blessing’]
¶benécy - a, n - Benécian
¶bengát - n - blessing
¶benen - vi ø - (Avéle slang) stink [Dh. benim]
¶benge - a, n - most; majority [reborrowing of BENGES]
¶	pava benge  plurality
¶	Ce-fako e benge  That party predominates [holds a plurality]
¶	Ce-fako e so benge  That party is the majority
¶benir - vt - bless [BENGIR]
¶beom - n - baron [from belgom, warrior]
¶beoma - n - baronness
¶beomana - n - barony
¶beomul - n - baronet; an honorary title bestowed by the Verdurian king
¶bepušec - n - rifle [’Bé gun’]
¶bepušcul - n - handgun
¶ber - n - lock [BAEROS]
¶beran - vt - lock
¶berana - n - harem; women’s quarters [BAERANDA ‘purdah, lockup for concubines’]
¶beranát - n - concubinage
¶beranë - n - concubine; mistress
¶	com kažinan fašen  intensifier for craziness, danger, etc. [‘like an angry mistress’]
¶berda - n - path, trail [BEREDA]
¶Beret - n - Cuzeian name [Beretos, from berede ‘green’]
¶berise - a - mysterious [BERISES ‘obscure’, from BER ‘mist’]
¶berisél - n - mystery
¶berole - n - malachite, hydrous carbonate of copper [BEREOLE, from Cuêzi ‘green jewel’]
¶Bérunor - n - Lake Berunor in Ešan [Bar. {Berunnor}, from BERUNDOS ‘fog’, the Caď. name of the lake, plus -{nor} ‘land’]
¶beře - a - sloppy [BEKRES ‘dressed in old clothes’, from BEKE ‘old clothes’]
¶beřotá - n - bad taste, kitsch
¶beřotise - a - kitschy
¶bes - n - hero (OV name element); name of a Caďinorian gold coin, and a modern gold coin of Krasnaya, Ctésifon, or Guaya [BAESOS]
¶besgetec - a - extravagant, profligate [BAESOGAETEC ‘throwing away besî’]
¶besima - n - a small gold coin of Ctésifon [reborrowing of BAESIMA ‘small bes’]
¶Besoma - n - Cuzeian name [Bēusomâ ‘dream of peace’]
¶besya - n - lover, girlfriend;  (archaic) fiancée [OV {besia} ‘promise’]
¶besyun - n - lover, boyfriend; (archaic) fiancé [OV {besiond}, m. form of {besia}]
¶bešana - n - promise; name of the twelfth month [BAESIANDA ‘promise, betrothal’]
¶bešanen - vt ø - promise
¶	Ihano bešanne Rahelin prandam  Ihano promised Raheli a dinner
¶betra - n - female dog, bitch; (MV slang) slut [BAETERA]
¶bëtsu - n - communist [Xurnese biac(aup)su ‘abased-ist’]
¶bëtsuisát - n - communism
¶bëtsuise - a - communist
¶beza - n - bucket [BAEDIA]
¶bežia - n - movement, motion 
¶beživiso - n - dynamics [‘study of motion’]
¶bežir - vt ø - move; work, function, operate [BECTIR]
¶	šesan bežir teleam  make an instrument work
¶	So niru beže  The machine is on, is working
¶bežë - n - (MV slang) movies [abbr.]
¶bežecî - n - movie, film (used in pl.) [bežecî mižigoi moving pictures]
¶	bežecî behdelî  animated cartoon
¶bežeciora - n - cinema (the art), the movies
¶bežecnáe - n - cinema (place), movie theater [‘movie place’]
¶bežuloš - n - a single movement
¶	Siča fäbai— řo suy bežuloš!  I’m painting— don’t even budge!
¶bibozu - n - void; the chaos before creation [BIBODUOS, from Cuêzi {biboduas} ‘emptiness’]
¶bice - n - fir [Xurnese {bika}]
¶bičeute - a,n - communist [Xurnese]
¶Bičicés - n - the Xurnese Academy [Xur. {Bicikes}]
¶bidbo - n - c, maximum speed in physics [named for Bidbo Chunio]
¶bidracon - n - (philosophy) atom, smallest possible division of something; (physics) molecule [Cuêzi {bidracuon} ‘the indivisible’, from dracê ‘cut’]
¶bidu - adv - (Ct slang) OK, fine [Curiyan ’yessir’]
¶bilic - a - cheap [OV {bilic} ‘miserly’, from BILLIR ‘hoard’]
¶bindo - n - vine, grapevine [BINDO, variant of BIDNO, from Meť. {bijno}; cf. Keb. biźnu]
¶binea - n - list [reborrowing of BINEIA ‘registry’]
¶	binea altorië  periodic table
¶binges - n - alumina, aluminum oxide [Cuolese (of Belšai) {biŋgec} ‘white clay’]
¶bistren - vi Ag - bustle [Flaidish {bister} ‘busy oneself’, from the plural of {bist} ‘task’]
¶biyeta - n - royal vote, the vote of an elector for the kingship or another post so filled; by extension, electorship, one’s right to cast a biyeta, noble status, title [BILETA ‘voter’s stylus’]
¶biyetec - n - elector, someone with the right to cast a biyeta; by extension, powermonger
¶biyeten - vt - (with acc.) to make someone an elector; to grant a title of nobility— because a noble always has the biyeta; vi (with dat.) to elect, to choose (of kings, etc.)
¶biyetora - n - the assembly of all those who hold the biyeta
¶Bizbero - n - Cuzeian name [Bisbēruos ‘fearless’]
¶Bizbirah - n - Cuzeian name [Bisbirax ‘no enemies’]
¶bižno - n - upstart
¶blan - n - date (fruit) [BALANOS]
¶blanarb - n - palm tree
¶blauť - n - (Avéle slang) shit [Dh. blawth]
¶bliďrom - n - a busybody
¶bliďräm - n - one’s affairs; agenda [‘to be occupied with’]
¶bliďrämen - vi Ag -  to busy oneself, to hustle back and forth, to bustle
¶bliďren - vi Ag - to be busy, to occupy oneself, to do [synaesthetic]
¶	bliďren cum imfátin zië  to be busy with one’s children
¶bo - n - (music) abbr. for Boďneay, note 4
¶bo- - prefix - in-law 
¶bobren - vt - embarass [late colloquial *BOBREN ‘make to look foolish’, from BOBRES ‘foolish’, from BOBO ‘fool’]
¶	Meď së fsëgda et bobre  My son always embarrasses me
¶bobo - n - (Ct) fool, idiot
¶boc - n - cube (pl. bosî) [BOCOS]
¶boce - a - plenty [Viminian dialect ‘plenty, a lot’; from BOLGES ‘big’]
¶bocteica - n - diplomacy [reborrowing of BOCTEICA ‘dealings, diplomacy’, from BOCTAN ‘deal with’]
¶bocteicom - n - diplomat
¶boctura - n - tribute [reborrowing of BOCTURA, from BOCTAN ‘deal with’]
¶bocžene - a - crowded [‘plenty of people’]
¶boď - n - kick
¶boďan - vt - kick [BOŤAN]
¶Boďneay - n - God of War (music) 4th  note of a scale, fixed F [BOĎNEHAIS]
¶boďpila - n - kickball, football, soccer; (slang) head, baldie [‘kick ball’]
¶boemo - n - riverbank [BUHEMUL, alteration of BUMEHUL ‘unplowed area, border’]
¶bogaty - a - rich; delicious [Southern dialectal derivation from colloquial BOLGANTIS ‘very big, very good’]
¶bokrače - a - (MV slang) unlucky [Wesaitan]
¶boh - n - trow bean [Flaidish {bauʔ}]
¶bola - n - an in-law
¶bolašo - n - starfish [BOLASCON]
¶bolë - a - much [BOLGES ‘big’]
¶bolëce - adv - much 
¶bolëďe - a - major [BOLGEĎES ‘bigger’]
¶bolyáše - a - big; grown-up [BOLGASCES ‘biggest’, reinterpreted as an augmentative in OV]
¶bomát - n - age
¶bombril - a - immense, huge, massive [BUMERIL ‘unmeasured’]
¶bome - a - old [BOSMES ‘wrinkled’, from BOSOS ‘wrinkle’]
¶bomeď - n - son-in-law
¶bomřanec - a, n - conservative [‘keeping of the old’]
¶bomřaneca - b - conservatism 
¶bon - prefix - (Er., Xurnese System) 10^6
¶bontu - n - (Er. slang) vagina [Keb. {bontur}]
¶bonüra - n - ecstacy
¶bonürë - a - ecstatic
¶bopiro - n - father-in-law
¶bordë - n - coast; frame of a picture; rim [BORDILE ‘shore’, from BORDOS ‘edge’]
¶bordënke - a,n - (Ct slang) Verdurian [’coast’ + pej. suffix]
¶boro - n - (Ct slang) boyfriend [Curiyan ‘old man’]
¶borpo - a - (invar.) drunk [Flaidish]
¶boruna - n - torrent [BORUNDA, augmentative of BORA ‘flood’]
¶bort - n - band, gang [Caizu {baort} ‘cohort, band of forty men’; cf. Cuêzi {bārde} ‘forty’]
¶bortom - n - bandit
¶borže - a - heretical, dissident [BORGES ‘alone, apart’]
¶bos - n - wrinkle [BOSOS]
¶bosa - n - fortune; luck; chance; a good turn of the cards [Cuêzi {bōsa} ‘chance’]
¶bosme - a - elderly, senile [medical reborrowing of BOSMES ‘wrinkled, senile’; cf. bome]
¶bosmeca - n - enescence, senility; old age— with an emphasis on declining powers or inability to execute one’s functions [reborrowing of BOSMEICA]
¶bosmizë - n - fortuneteller, soothsayer [‘fortune-sayer’]
¶bostene - a - lucky
¶bostuna - n - seaweed [BOSUNA]
¶bostuna - n - kelp [reborrowing of BOSTUNA ‘seaweed’]
¶bošnan - vi Pt -  quit, give out, fail, stop working; run out
¶bošnom - n - quitter, loser, schlemiel
¶božaiga - a - (Er. slang, invar.) drunk [Keb.]
¶botsa - n - vanilla— the Almean plant is a type of tropical bean [Nanese boütsa]
¶boua - n - cow; (slang) mark, victim [BOUNA]
¶bouan - n - bull— male of large, bulky herbivore; (slang) trick, john [BOUNOS]
¶	cel ďunin bouanin  in a fix
¶bouhutor - n - dairy [‘cow farm’]
¶boumyaso - n - beef [‘cow meat’]
¶bouta - n - cocoon, chrysalis, pupa; cyst [BOLTA ‘swelling’]
¶bouucöm - n - dairy farmer
¶božan - vi Ag - fare [BOCTAN ‘treat’: Kensa ek boctont? ‘How are they treating you?’ ≥ Kiel bože? ‘How are you doing?’]
¶brac - n - glory [BERAC]
¶	so Brac Eleďei  The Ascension
¶bracse - a - glorious
¶brado - n - (Ct slang) accomplice [Curiyan ’brother’]
¶brak - n - arm (OV irr. pl. {brai} still used in poetry) [BERAȞ, variant of BAREȞ]
¶brakoš - n - sleeve
¶brašo - n - flour [BRASCO]
¶brasco - n - pollen [reborrowing of BRASCO]
¶breme - a - placid, serene [BERESMES ‘foggy’]
¶bres - n - band, strip; thong; bandage; ‘bra’, breast wrap; film [BRESOS ‘band’]
¶	bres and mižigoin  camera film
¶bresáš - n - strap, large band
¶bresul - n - small band, ribbon, tape
¶	bresul and bežecin  videotape
¶bresulan - v - record on tape; (MV slang) squeal, spill
¶bresulniru - n - tape recorder
¶bretel - n - suspender
¶bretir - vt/vi Pt - suspend, hang [late Caď. *BRESTIR ‘tie up, truss’, from BRESOS ‘band’]
¶brevát - n - shortness
¶breve - a - short; short mark, as in î [BREVES]
¶	i brevë  the letter Y <tt>Y</tt>
¶	i molë  the letter Î <tt>Á</tt>
¶brevë - n invar - short letter, note [pisá brevë ‘short letter’]
¶brigan - vi Ag - fight, battle [BRIGAN]
¶	brigan ak Kebrin  fight [with] Kebri
¶brigát - n - fight, fighting
¶brigec - n - fighter, brigand
¶brigoš - n - weapon
¶Brinuma - n - Cuzeian name [Brinūmē ‘near to God’]
¶Brinumo - n - Cuzeian name [Brinūmio ‘near to God’]
¶bris - n - the sound of breaking glass [imitative]
¶brisete - a - fragile, brittle
¶brisgent - n - bismuth [‘break(able)-metal’]
¶	fale brisgent  bismuth oxide [‘white bismuth’]
¶	mlakon brisgentei  bismuth-glance, bismuth sulphide [‘coal of bismuth’]
¶brisir - vt/vi Pt -  break
¶bröca - n - (sing.) trousers, pants (pl. brösî) [BRUECA ‘leggings’]
¶brondora - n - sluggishness, lethargy
¶brondore - a - sluggish, lethargic [Cuêzi {brondoro}]
¶brub - n - block [BRUBOS]
¶bruge - a - crooked, twisty 
¶brugiven - vt/vi Pt - twist
¶brugivoš - n - wrench
¶bruhan - vt - use [BURUȞAN]
¶	zet bruhan (pro)  serve as, be used for
¶bruhu - n - trumpet like an elephant [imitative]
¶bruhuan - vi Ag - trumpet
¶bruk - n - use, usage [BURUȞ]
¶brum - n - fog [BERUNDOS, augmentative of BER ‘mist’]
¶brunarë - n - alum, potassium aluminum sulphate, a mineral salt used as a mordant and astringent [INDETIA BERUNDARIES ‘astringent of Berunor’]
¶brune - a - brown; of skin color, the typical color of Verdurians and Caďinorians
¶	olotan brunem nočim  have diarrhea
¶brunsus - a - umber [‘brown earth’]
¶brúnšue - a - brownish
¶brura - n - heather [BRURUA]
¶bruřy - n - tool; (in pl.) equipment [BURUȞRIS ‘useful’]
¶bruřo - n - (colloquial) belly, gut [BRUȞO ‘animal’s stomach’]
¶bruše - a - tough
¶bruvel - n - solution, resolution
¶bruven - vt - solve, resolve [BRUVEN ‘loosen’]
¶bu- - prefix - un-, in- (unproductive; see řo-) [BU- ‘not’]
¶buas - n - sponge [BURASOS, from Meť.]
¶bubo - n - lad, lout [BUBO]
¶buduk - n - an elcarin silver coin, worth about 2.5 falî [Bar. {budukh} from Elkarîl]
¶buďaye - a - wrong, incorrect [BUĎAHES]
¶bueva - n - (Er. slang) kid [Sarroc]
¶bufan - vt - beat [OV {buf} ‘sound of a blow’]
¶bufauhe - n - paralysis [reborrowing of BUFAUȞES ‘incapable’]
¶bukrare - a - infinite [reborrowing of BUKRARES ‘unlimited’, from BU- ‘not’ + KRAIS ‘limit’]
¶bulako - n - animated cartoon; chubby person [after a pioneering character]
¶bulondir - vt ø - bake [BULONDIR, from BULLA ‘round loaf of bread’]
¶	Yon zet bulonde  The bread is baking   
¶bulondom - n - baker
¶bulonnáe - n - bakery
¶Bulora - n - Goddess of Bread [BULLARION]
¶bulse - a - round [from BULLA; see bulondir]
¶bulsrava - n - a type of shellfish, used to produce a purplish dye [‘round-shell’]
¶bumečo - n - pearl [BUSMETRIO, BUSMITRIO, from Meť. {boȟtumičiro} ‘sea-silver’]
¶bumuše - a - few, scarce; (colloq.) brainless  [BUMUSCES ‘not many’]
¶	bumuše lerë  unperceptive, lacking understanding 
¶bumušë - n - scarcity, lacking 
¶bünát - n - violence
¶büne - a - violent [BUINES ‘ill-tempered’]
¶Bunori - n - Life, Fortune; one of the Fates; (not capitalized) one’s chances in life; good fortune [BUNNORIS, from proto-Eastern *bunnem ‘distribute’]
¶	tróuen bunora zië  seek one’s fortune
¶	ab Bunorin  by fortune, by fate
¶buona - a - cool, good (slang; invar.)  [beluana?]
¶buprilise - n - (grammar) indefinite, irrealis [‘not definite’]
¶bur - n - puzzle (OV name element) [BUROS]
¶buřičy - a, n - naïve; simpleton [BUȞITRIS ‘clumsy’; cf. hičy]
¶buřy - n - mark, dupe, victim [short for buřičy]
¶buscete - a - oral [from BUSCOS ‘mouth’]
¶busemil - a - indecent, improper [‘not decent’]
¶Busorei - n - a demoness, consort of Amon [BUCEOREIS]
¶buš - n - mouth; spout [BUSCOS]
¶bušoš - n - cork; plug [‘mouth-thing’]
¶bušošan - vt - cork, plug
¶büt - n - goal, target (pl. büsî) [BUTOS]
¶	büsî  a game resembling pétanque or bocci
¶büten - vi Ag - aim
¶	büten ad soán lapisán  aim at the rabbit
¶butošeo - vt - need [BUTOSCEIO ‘insufficiency’; cf. tošen]
¶	Tenao butošeam onrälulië  I need some biscuits
¶butošše - a - needful, required 
¶buyel - n - lout, loutish [after Buyel, a town in Verduria province]
¶/C
¶ca - pron - they [CA]
¶ca - n m - (music) abbr. for Caloton, note 3
¶cäcian - vt/vi Pt - chop; break off; (slang) fire, be fired [dynamic forms of CAUCAN ‘break’]
¶cäciát - n - chopping, breaking; nuclear fission
¶cadeo - n - commandment [CADEIO ‘command, rule’]
¶caďin - a, n - Caďinorian; a small gold coin of Pakšohan [CAĎIN]
¶Caďinas - n - Caďinas, the Caďinorian Empire [CAĎINAS, from proto-Central kaduns ‘people of the river fork’, a tribe of early Caďinorians along the middle Svetla]
¶caďino - n - Caďinor [CAĎINOR]
¶	caďino tëdene  ‘modern Caďinor’: what the Ctésifoni call Verdurian
¶caďinotá - n - archaism [‘caďinorism’]
¶caë - pron - their
¶caesia - n - rash [reborrowing of CAESIA ‘scratching’]
¶cäh - n - lizard— small, swift reptile [CAUȞOS]
¶Caiem - n - one of Ënomai’s planets [*CAILEND, variant of CALIEND]
¶caineš - a - inhuman, horrible, mechanical, triumphantly evil [OV {ecaynceš}, merger of ecay ‘horrible’ with enceš  ‘fear’; see nkaš]
¶cairete - a - timely
¶cairo - n - time, occasion, opportunity, chance [CAIRON ‘opportunity’]
¶	cairon  at the right time
¶	matuan cairam  seize an opportunity
¶Caizu - n - the Caizuran language [Caizu; cf. {Cuêzi}]
¶Caizura - n - Caizura [from Caizu]
¶caizure - a - Caizuran
¶cal - n - hot
¶calec - vt - heat, warm
¶	zet calec  heat up, get warmer
¶caledë - a - quaint, picturesque [after Caledo, a city in Zeir]
¶caleon - n - blowhard, show-off [after the king]
¶Calërea - n - Goddess of Life (1st Age) [CALOREIS, probably related to CALO ‘sunlight’]
¶cäli - n - stalk, stem [CAULIS]
¶	cälî  asparagus
¶cálima - n - knuckle [CALCIMA, diminutive of CALCO ‘heel’; the knuckle was seen as the heel of the finger]
¶calona - n - (MV slang) dyke, butch [after a literary character]
¶caln - n - fortress [CALENOS]
¶calnaďom - n - chaplain
¶calo - n - heat; the fifth month [CALO]
¶calodimo - n - temperature [‘heat-amount’]
¶Caloton - n - God of Day; (music) 3rd note of a scale, fixed E [CALOTEION, from CALO ‘heat, sunlight’ + -TEION ‘clan’]
¶calseo - n - shoe [CALCEIO, from CALCOS ‘heel’]
¶calseom - n - shoemaker
¶calsešue - a - humid [‘hot-heavy’]
¶calsešuesa - n - humidity
¶calteleo - n - thermometer [‘heat-instrument’]
¶calten - n - the fourth day of the week [‘Caloton’s day’]
¶Calto - n - Caloton (familiar)
¶	ab Calto  by Caloton (Viminian dialect; standard is ab Calton)
¶caltose - a - sunny in disposition, sanguine, optimistic [‘like Calto’]
¶cälul - n - stem [‘little stalk’]
¶calura - n - fever [CALURA ‘hotness, fever’]
¶calžole - a - hot and dry, not humid; (MV slang) a hard time, a scolding [‘hot-light’]
¶cam - pron - them (acc.)
¶cäma - n - holiday [CAUMA ‘rest period’]
¶cämec - vi Pt - do nothing, be idle
¶Camélia - n - Cuzeian name [caumēliye ‘sweetheart’]
¶Camiši - n - Cuzeian name [cammisi ‘yellow’]
¶camsida - n - yellow arsenic, orpiment, arsenic trisulphide [ECAMMISIDAS, from Cuêzi, ‘yellowizing substance’]
¶	čuél camside  white arsenic, arsenic trioxide
¶camsidole - n - arsenic [‘crystal orpiment’]
¶can - pron - to them (dat.)
¶cap - n - beech [CAPOS]
¶cäpibode - a - devotional, inspirational, religious (art) [Cuêzi {cāpiboede}, from {cāpi} ‘adore’]
¶capir - vt ø - revere [CALPIR]
¶capiye - n - reverence
¶car - n - square; courtyard; (a) square in shape [CARROS]
¶	gliny car  rectangle
¶carďa - n - curve [CARĎA]
¶carďë - n - sword, specifically a curved Verdurian sword; scimitar, sabre [CARĎILE ‘curved thing’]
¶carďise - a - curved, curvy
¶caro - n - diamond (shape); pane of glass— often diamond-shaped in Verduria [OV {pier carosiryse} ‘square-bodied stone’]
¶carpuan - vt - snatch, grab [colloq. CARPUAN ‘seize’, from CARPOS ‘trophy’]
¶cas - n - corner [CASOS]
¶cäsel - n - bit, scrap, small piece; die (game) [CAUCEL ‘broken off piece’]
¶	cäselî  a wagering game, originally played with pieces of sticks, later with tin coins
¶casi - n - helmet [CASSIS]
¶caski - n - thimble [OV ’little helmet’]
¶cašna - n - chestnut (nut) [CASTANA]
¶cašne - a - chestnut (color), greyish or reddish brown
¶caturë - a - rhythmic
¶caturo - n - rhythm [Cuezi catūro ‘rhythm’]
¶caua - n - coffee— bitter bean brewed into a beverage [Moreo Ašcai kahawa]
¶cauc - n - heel [CALCOS]
¶caucačir - vt - goad, prod, spur; urge, urge on [CALCATIR ‘prod with the heel’]
¶caucel - n - bit, very small piece [student slang; from CAUCEL]
¶caučuco - n - rubber; (Er.) tire [CALTUCO]
¶caül - a - frail, feeble [CAUAUIL ‘puppyish’]
¶caumen - vt - blow off, bag, skip (slang) [students’ reborrowing of CAUMEN ‘not work’]
¶caunáe - n - coffeehouse, café
¶cave - n - basement, cellar; dungeon (in D&D sense of underground rooms)
¶cavir - vi Ag - warn [CABRIR ‘admonish’]
¶	cavir soin šadenin eta malionile  warn the knights about venereal disease
¶cavel - n - warning
¶cayun - n - washroom [CAIUND ‘most horrible’]
¶cazo - n - law, rule; legal act; parliamentary bill (cf. cliďel) [CADUS]
¶ce- - pron - that
¶cebo - n - onion [CAEBOLO]
¶cebrel - n - building, structure [reborrowing from CEBREL]
¶cececén - n - type of songbird [named for its song]
¶Cecia - n - Eleďe name [OV {Caecilia}]
¶cečel - pron - there [‘that place’]
¶	cečelei  thence, from there
¶	cečelán  thither, to there
¶	cečel zdesy  here and there
¶cečelece - adv - thereby
¶cedel - n - habit, practice [CAEDEL ‘discipline’]
¶ceďnare - n - seventh day of the week; Caďinorian pagan holiday; Eleďe sabbath [OV, ‘feast of Enäron’]
¶céďue - n - feast [CAEŤUE]
¶céďuen - vi Ag - feast
¶Cefa - n - Eleďe name [OV {Cefa}]
¶cel - prep - between [CAEL]
¶celäu - n - swordsmanship; any demonstration of military combat [Cuêzi {celāuas} from {cêla} ‘sword’]
¶celculurë - a - interstellar [‘between stars’]
¶celčelan - vt ø - switch, replace [‘between-places’]
¶celdan - vt ø - trade, exchange (conj. like dan) [‘between-give’]
¶	celdan carďem pro maslon  trade swords for butter
¶	celdan cum kebrénin  trade with the Kebreni
¶celdoni - n - trade, commerce
¶	celdoni samřayë  free trade
¶celdonec - n - trader, esp. at large scale
¶celdonise - a - commercial
¶celdunalál - a - interplantary [‘between planets’]
¶celďeltan - vt ø - interpret [‘between-change’]
¶celëtesa - n - judgment, discernment
¶celëtir - vt ø - judge, discern, distinguish [‘pick between’]
¶	celëtir oresta  discern the truth
¶	celëtir druk co vrakán  tell friend from foe
¶	celëtir dy so cairo že  judge that the time is right
¶celftacon - n - medium; basis [‘between-element’]
¶celftena - n - arrangement, agreement, deal; engagement
¶celftenen - vt - arrange, set up, install
¶	celftenen nosan frälinan  become engaged to a girl
¶	celftenen miďä  set up a party 
¶celhunsirise - a - intercontinental [‘between continents’]
¶celise - a - mutual [‘betweenish’]
¶celkestát - n - transformation, metamorphosis, transmutation
¶celkestan - vt - transform, convert something, transmute [‘between types’]
¶	zet celkestan  be transformed or converted
¶celkunom - n - moneychanger; this is also the term money-lenders (ružkunomî) like to use for themselves [‘between-money-man’]
¶cellëc - n - connection [‘between-link’]
¶cellëcan - vt ø - connect to, link up with
¶	cellëcan so laun ad soán carán  connect the circle to the square
¶cellele - a - transparent [‘between-see’]
¶cellimura - n - cleavage; also, a dress exposing the area between the breasts; compare sullimura [‘between breasts’]
¶celmeas - n - intercourse [‘relation between’]
¶celmetan - vt ø - translate; transfer goods; compile (a program) [‘between-put’]
¶	zet celmetan  (vi) translate, mean, be translated as (takes nom.)
¶	<Nōtu> zet celmete nočy  ‘Nōtu’ means ‘night’
¶celmetát - n - translation; transferral
¶celmetec - n - translator; (computers) compiler
¶celniru - n - modem [‘between machines’]
¶celprimetan - vi Ag - compromise [‘between-offer’]
¶celprimeto - n - compromise
¶celpuyan - vt ø - interrupt [‘between-push’]
¶celpuyo - n - interruption
¶celoš - n - gap, interval [‘between-thing’]
¶celošše - a - intermittent, sporadic [‘gappy’]
¶Celošo - n - Cuzeian name [Celōusio ‘swordsman’]
¶celscurise - a - international [‘between countries’]
¶celsfahe - n - conversation, dialog
¶celsfahen - vi Ag - converse, chat [‘between-speech’]
¶celšir - n - competition [OV {celsiř}, ‘fight between’]
¶celširan - vi Ag - compete
¶celtelcë - a - inter-otherworld 
¶celtomát - n - syncopation [‘between-beat’]
¶celuré - n - (Avéle) coffeehouse [Keb. celurei ‘teahouse’]
¶celveitát - n - communication
¶celveiten - vi Ag - communicate [‘between’ + reborrowed VEITEN ‘speak’]
¶celzer - n - sandwich [‘between zerî’]
¶celžanen - vi Ag -  intervene [‘come between’]
¶celžano - n - intervention
¶celžene - a - social [‘between people’]
¶cemisa - n - a unit of measure containing 1000 čimî, about 2500 feet [CAEMICA, the distance round the CAEMA, the largest temple in ancient Ctésifon]
¶cëmura - n - column; column of text; page [KILIMURA, from KILIMA ‘hill’]
¶ceno - n - abbot [CAENOS, a type of close-fitting hat worn by the head monk]
¶cenobát - n - abbey
¶ceozë - conj - (archaic) therefore, for that reason
¶cepelát - n - loyalty, faithfulness; chastity
¶cepele - a - loyal, faithful; chaste [CEPLES ‘abstinent’, from CEPAN ‘abstain’]
¶cepil - n - brush, for cleaning or combing [CAEPIL]
¶cepilan - vt - brush
¶cepsanno - n - castle commander [CAEPOSANNO ‘chain-fort lord’]
¶cer - n - port [CAER]
¶cer - n - masculine (gender) [reborrowing of CER ‘male’]
¶ceřecát - n - alchemy [‘between natures’]
¶	E řofasil com ceřecatán  It’s Greek to me
¶ceřecom - n - alchemist
¶cës - n invar - the tenth letter of the Verdurian alphabet, C <tt>C</tt> [reborrowed form of CES, OV {se}]
¶	cës fleade  Verdurian name for the X used in Flaidish <tt>X</tt>
¶cesuäm - a - itch, itchy [‘to be scratched’]
¶cesuan - vt ø - scratch [from dynamic forms of CAESAN ‘itch’]
¶	šesan cesuan  itch
¶cesuul - n - scratch
¶ceštan - vt - overthrow [KESTAN]
¶cešteo - n - overthrow
¶céšuaš - n - tribe [Bar. {keshkuash} from Western {kešigwašin}]
¶cevai - n - chant; solemn song; psalm [CABRAIS]
¶ci- - pron - this
¶ciberdel - n - decision
¶ciberden - vi Ag - decide [‘this-path’]
¶	Ciberdnai eta so irtekát  I made a decision about the rebellion
¶	Ciberdnai and/ak soán irtekatán  I decided for/against the rebellion
¶cici - n - chirp, peep [imitative]
¶cician - vi Ag - chirp, peep
¶cicika - n - chick [‘peep’ + OV dim.]
¶cicil - n - cricket— hopping insect, chirps at night
¶cidyan - v - (MV slang) shop, browse [Wesaitan]
¶cierceát - n - wavering
¶cierceyen - vi Pt - waver [ci er ce, ‘these and those’]
¶cilorionarda - addiction [neo-Caď. ‘Syetnor-illness’]
¶ciloriul - addict
¶cilu - n - police, guardsmen [slang alteration of civru ‘copper’, from their regalia]
¶ciluom - n - policeman, guard
¶cima - n - hill [KILIMA]
¶cimeca - n - slope, incline; (mathematics) derivative [KILIMEICA]
¶ciozë - conj - (archaic) therefore, for this reason
¶cipan - vi Ag - boil; be angry [KIPAN]
¶	Šesanei cipan meii  Go boil some water
¶	So mey cipe  The water is boiling
¶	Činek lë cipe?  Is your boss pissed?
¶cipoš - n - kettle, pot (kitchenware); teapot [‘boil-thing’]
¶cipošir - vi Ag - (slang) get angry 
¶cipulan - vi Pt - effervesce [‘little boiling’]
¶cipulát - n - effervescence, esp. that produced by reacting acids and alkalis
¶	šalea cipulátei  fixed air, carbon dioxide [‘air of effervescence’]
¶cira - n - wife [KIRA]
¶cirabectia - n - gymnastics, exercise [reborrowing of CIRABECTIA ‘body movement’]
¶ciröla - n - plum [KIRUELA]
¶	ciröla imšešula  prune
¶cirula - n - (colloq.) little woman, broad, wifey, the better half
¶cirut - n - type of songbird [named for its song]
¶cis - prefix - (Er., Xurnese System) 10^-12
¶cisa - n - brush for painting [Cuêzi {cissa}]
¶cisci - n - risk
¶ciscir - vt - risk [reborrowing of CISCIR]
¶	Cisce so gintram pro ce-subuďuďen?  You risk the throne for those idiot droolings?
¶cistila - n - crown; decoration showing a year’s military service [reborrowing of CISTILA]
¶cišcöresa - n - apathy, lack of will, sloth
¶cišcöre - a - apathetic, without will, slothful [‘weak-heart’]
¶cišitát - n - weakness
¶cišitë - a - weak, feeble [from an intensive form of KISCIS]
¶cišura - n - decay; (colloq.) crush
¶cišuran - vi Pt - decay; weaken; (medical) waste away; (colloq.) have a crush on [KISCURAN ‘weaken’]
¶	Ihano cišure prî Rahelin  Ihano has a crush on Raheli
¶	Raheli ilun cišure so uem  Raheli broke his heart
¶ciuto - n - (slang) cop [from cilu]
¶	ečitan so ciutam  make a ruckus
¶Civea - n - Cuzeian name (m) [civēyas ‘submission (to Eleď)’]
¶civru - n - copper [KIBRU]
¶	civru verdul, civru crežul  verdigris, copper acetate [‘greened’ or ‘eaten’ copper]
¶	praten civrum com ořán  flatter, gild the lily
¶ciy - n - epoch, age, era [KILIS]
¶	Ftore Ciy, Ciy Iliuë  Second Age, Age of Ilii
¶	Ciy Ženië  The Age of Peoples
¶clačir - vi Pt - burst; hatch; (slang) break, spill the beans [CLATIR]
¶Cläďa - n - Eleďe name [OV {Clauďia}]
¶Cläďo - n - Eleďe name [OV {Clauďio}]
¶claë - a - bright, vivid [CLAIES]
¶claesa - n - brightness (also spelled claësa)
¶clai- - a - bright (OV name element) [CLAIES]
¶clas - n - swing [back-formation from clasmir]
¶clasmir - vt ø - wield a weapon; swing; hack (add unaccented -i- before a consonant: past clásmiru, etc.) [reborrowing of CLASMIR ‘swing a sword’]
¶clečura - n - cabal [CLAETURA, from CLAETUS ‘oath’]
¶	soa Ružë Clečura  the Red Cabal
¶	voitec im clečura  join a cabal
¶clehurom - n - trapmaker, trapper [reborrowing of CLEȞURA ‘trap’ + -om]
¶cleir - a - majestic, powerful, assured, mature, virtuoso; medium red wine [‘clero-like’]
¶cleiresa - n - majesty, confidence, maturity
¶clek - n - fist [CLEȞ]
¶cleka - n - (Er. slang) bouncer, dyke [‘fist’ + f.]
¶Clemet - n - Eleďe name [OV {Clement}]
¶clero - n - bass horn [CLERUS ‘cow-bell’]
¶clesnát - n - frugality, thrift
¶clesny - a - frugal [CLECNIS ‘tight-fisted’]
¶cletana - n - seminary for Caďinorian priests; military academy [CLAETANDA, place where one takes a CLAETUS ‘oath’]
¶cletandre - a - pedantic, scholastic, nit-picking [CLAETANDRES ‘relating to a cletana’]
¶cletanom - n - seminarian; cadet
¶cletandoro - n - dean of a seminary [CLAETANDORION]
¶cleura - n - cage [CLEȞURA ‘cage, trap’ from CLEȞ ‘fist’]
¶cliďel - n - statute, ordinance (cf. cazo) [CLIŤEL ‘statement’]
¶cliďu - n - priest [AIĎOCLIŤUS ‘priest, god-speaker’, from AIĎOS ‘god’ + CLIŤEC ‘speak ceremonially’]
¶cliďugueste - a - theocratic [‘priest-power’]
¶cloš - n - bell [CLOSCOS]
¶co - prep - by, along, alongside; compared to [CO]
¶	co aknón  beside the window
¶	co prosian  along the street
¶	co soán šohán  compared to the duke
¶coacino - n - irony; double entendre [‘hear alongside’]
¶coamrab - n - privilege [‘alongside-law’; from the separate law for nobles in medieval times] 
¶coamrabise - a - privileged, above the law
¶coanelo - n - latitude, parallel [‘along-ring’]
¶	daluy coanelo  equator
¶coano - n - cosine, cosine wave [because length of latitude x° is cos x times equator]
¶coašesa - n - comparison
¶coašir - vt - compare, match, relate, appraise [‘think alongside’]
¶coašul - a - relative, as compared to  [‘compared’]
¶	so lešel ořei coašulei aržentán  the price of gold relative to silver
¶	Řo benfas sul coašulece  It’s relatively nice out; it’s nice, comparatively speaking
¶cobežir - v - move in sync; (MV slang) dance
¶cocrivan - vt - countersign [‘alongside-write’]
¶cocrivel - n - counter-signature
¶cöd - n - core, pit, kernel, yolk [CUEDOS]
¶codus - n - helm, ship’s wheel [‘along with rudder’]
¶coďev - n - influence
¶coďevan - vt -  influence [COĎEBRAN ‘affect’]
¶coe - n - caw [imitative]
¶coec - n - crow, raven— black, smart, chicken-sized scavenger; (slang) smartass, brat
¶coelibode - romance (art) [Cuêzi {coêliboede}, from {coêliboe} ‘love-inducing’]
¶coen - vi Ag - caw, croak
¶cofil - n - warp of fabric [COFIL]
¶cogia - n - adultery
¶cogir - vi Ag - commit adultery [reborrowing of COGIR ‘fornicate’]
¶	cogir cum ouandán  commit adultery with a neighbor
¶cogul - n - bastard; a  illegitimate
¶colabani - n - pancreas [reborrowing of COLABANIS ‘tonguelike’]
¶colädan - vi Pt - complement each other, get along [‘go along’]
¶colapreca - n - help, assistance
¶	colapreca mažtanë  welfare fund in Verduria-city
¶colapren - vt ø - help, assist [reborrowing of COLAPREN ‘run alongside, support, assist’]
¶colaprec - n - assistant; in plural staff
¶colën - n - parallel line [‘line alongside’]
¶colënise - a - parallel
¶colep - n - type of fish; the welfare fund [COLEPIOS]
¶colepom - n - welfare recipient
¶Colibe - n - Cuzeian name [coêliboe ‘love-inducing’]
¶colir - vt ø - gather; receive, take; focus (light); receive a degree [CULLIR]
¶	zet colir  assemble, get together
¶	colir sumériam  receive the degree of suméria (1st level of university)
¶	colir scrifteca  receive the degree of scrifteca (2nd level of university)
¶Colira - n - Cuzeian name (m) [coelīras ‘devotion’]
¶colnáe - n - common room (e.g. in a tavern) [‘gather-place’]
¶colo - n - calf of leg [COLLO]
¶coltiel - n - focus of lens [‘gather-point’]
¶colzo - n - (Avéle) law code [Keb. kolzo]
¶com - prep - as, like, in the way of [OV {comül}, from CUM IULIN ‘in the way of’]
¶	com řovoitulan  like a virgin
¶	com šuščatán huyonán  like a dead chicken
¶com - n - marvel (OV name element) [CUOMOS]
¶Coma - n - Eleďe name [OV {Cosma}]
¶comcrifát - n - script, writing [‘as written’]
¶comcrifata - n - lower case
¶comdalue - a - princely, luxurious [‘like a king’]
¶comdruke - a - amiable [‘like a friend’]
¶cometan - vt - join, combine, sew together [‘put next to’]
¶cometát - n - combination, joining; nuclear fusion
¶comkeďa - n - fusion power [keďesa cometátei  ‘fusion production’]
¶cometel - n - joint, seam
¶comfante - a - diligent, hard-working [‘like a spirit’]
¶comit - n - count, county governor [reborrowing of COMITOS, ‘count’]
¶comlefát - n - malice
¶comlefe - a - wolfish, malicious [‘like a wolf’]
¶commizo - n - semi-refrain [‘say like’]
¶Como - n - a lake in Eretald; Eleďe name; (Ct slang) smartass [OV {Cosmo}]
¶comšayne - a - similar
¶comšaynir - vt - resemble [‘appear like’]
¶conďayäm - a - defensible, valid
¶conďayec - vt - justify, defend [‘like right’]
¶conďayeca - n - justification, defense (of an idea)
¶cöne - a - core, basic, fundamental [late Caď. CUEDNES]
¶cono - n - (MV slang) young man, boyfriend [{cuon}]
¶cont - n - count, earl [COMITOS]
¶contana - n - county [COMITANDA]
¶contau - n - (Avéle) political party [Keb. kontau]
¶coprós - prep, adv - since [co + apros]
¶	coprós eldënán  since noon
¶	coprós dy so dalu šušde  since the King died
¶	So šoh řo zet lele coprós  The duke has not been seen since
¶copuyan - vi - force; compress [‘push alongside’]
¶	copuyan hipsalďir mallon soán šohán  force the duke to submit to an indignity
¶	zen copuyan lädan  force oneself to go
¶copuyo - n - force
¶cör - n - heart (archaic) [OV {cör, cödr}, from CUEDROS]
¶cora - n - a small river trader, with a sail [CORA, from Monkhayic; cf. Meť. {koadu} ‘fast thing’; the r/d correspondence is also seen in MOȞNARU vs. {Monȟado} ‘Monkhayu’]
¶corbes - n - a charming scoundrel or rogue; adventurer [from Araray’s 3358 novel]
¶corë - n - court— royal or noble household [CURIES]
¶corëne - a - courtly; formal
¶coriy - a, n - Curiyan; (Ct slang) thug
¶Cornél - n - Eleďe name [OV {Cornelio}]
¶corona - n - a military riverboat, the main protector of Verduria’s river trade; or a large trading boat; (Ct slang) con man, hustler [CORONDA ‘big riverboat’]
¶corp - n - bribe
¶corpát - n - bribery
¶cořřaner - vt - cherish [‘heart-keep’]
¶corže - n - canyon [CORGE]
¶corun - a, n - Kurundasti, Jippirasti, Tžuro [CORONDASTES]
¶corunát - n - Jippirasti
¶cos - n - left [CORSOS]
¶coskekan - v - (arithmetic) borrow [’kill and move left’, an operation on the metta]
¶cošadan - vt ø - catch up to, reach, overtake [COSCADRAN ‘ride alongside’]
¶cot - n - side; (grammar) case, person; margin; (mil.) specialized force such as cavalry [COŤOS]
¶	cot sfahecei  first person
¶	cot oecei  second person
¶	cot telië  third person
¶	cot kobei  profile, side view
¶	se-cot  first person singular (etc.)
¶	anei cotei... otrei cotei  on the one hand... on the other hand
¶cöt - n - beetle [CUETOS]
¶cotom - n - accomplice, sidekick
¶cotranel - n - slit, incision
¶cotranen - vt ø - slit, incise, cut carefully [‘cut along’]
¶cotřez - n - hobby, pastime [‘side-work’]
¶cotuepen - vt ø - balance, equal [‘sides equal’]
¶covaler - vt - assess the value of [com + valer ‘be worth’]
¶	Covalre dom esë po 4500 ořulen  He assessed my house as being worth 4500 ořulî
¶cöze - a - byzantine, intrigue-filled; elaborate; (archaic) Cuzeian [CUEZISES, Cuêzi {cuêzise}]
¶cožanen - vi Pt - happen at the same time or by coincidence [‘happen alongside’]
¶	cožanec  coincidental, concurrent
¶cožano - coincidence, co-occurence
¶craď - n - carp— colorful fish for ponds
¶crama - n - grill, grate [CRATIMA, dim. of CRATIS ‘framework’]
¶cramen - vt ø - grill 
¶cranka - n - mesh [OV dim. of {crama}]
¶crator - n - ruby [CURANTOR, from Cuêzi {curantōre}, from Elkarîl {kurântur}]
¶creče - a - pleasant, agreeable [CRETRES, from CRETES ‘happy’]
¶credre - a - caustic, alkaline, basic [OV {crede}, corrected from its original CREIDRES, from CREIDAS ‘lime’]
¶creec - n - the Creator
¶crefu - n - dusk [CREFU]
¶crefuselta - n - twilight [‘dusk-light’]
¶creir - vt ø - create [CREIR]
¶creisa - n - creation
¶creny - n - trachea or esophagus [reborrowing of crenis ‘internal bodily conduit’]
¶	creny pulmonei  trachea
¶	creny magenei  esophagus
¶crešir - vt/vi Pt - grow [CRESCIR]
¶crešë - n - growth [CRESCILE]
¶crete - a - glad [reborrowing of CRETES ‘glad, happy’]
¶crešmädörn - a - rhythmic, compelling, primal, sad; marked by a majestic rise and an inevitable fall [‘growing-majestic’]
¶crešvoce - a - compelling, ascendant; marked by a long rise from small beginnings [‘grow-calling’]
¶cretotá - n - compliment [‘pleasantism’]
¶creza - n m - lime, quicklime, calcium oxide; classroom chalk [CREIDAS, from Cuêzi {creidas} ‘eating substance’]
¶crezapër - n - limestone, chalk, calcium carbonate [‘lime rock’]
¶crežen - vt ø - eat; alchemy corrode [CREGEN]
¶	crežec  (alchemy) corrosive
¶crežeo - n - eating [CREGEIO]
¶crif - n - scroll; ledger, fund; manuscript; menu (e.g. of a restaurant) [CRIVOS]
¶	leta crifei  unit of account [‘coin of the ledger’]
¶	oř crifei  Érenati unit of account, based on the old gold oř
¶crifát - n - the art of writing
¶crifom - n - scribe
¶crifpër - n - graphite [‘write-stone’]
¶	crifpër Benécë  molybdenite, MoS2 [‘Benécian graphite’]
¶crifsäte - n - scriptorium
¶crivan - vt ø - write [CRIVAN, from CRIVOS ‘scroll’]
¶	crivan den  fill out a form
¶crivát - n - writing
¶crivec - n - writer
¶crivel - n - text; explicandum of a commentary 
¶crivogués - n - bureaucracy [‘scroll-power’]
¶crivoguesom - n - bureaucrat
¶crižžen - vi Ag -  party hearty [CREGINSEN, prolongative of CREGEN ‘eat’]
¶crocan - vi Ag - gorge, pig out 
¶crocec - n - glutton, pig
¶crotul - n - (Er.) rifle [Keb. {krotla}]
¶crundina - n - a very long brass instrument [OV {crungadina} ‘triple trumpet’]
¶crunya - n - trumpet [CRUNGA]
¶crur - n - leg; (of a building) wing, portion [CRUROS]
¶	zovec par cruri  have sex
¶cruřizo - n - buttock [‘leg-root’]
¶crusan - vi Ag - stretch, reach
¶	crusan braki  stretch one’s legs
¶	crusan pakán scorson  reach for a nearby branch
¶cruseo - n - stretch, reach
¶crusul - a - stretched; (slang) tense, uptight; (music) augmented, sharpened beyond {egre}
¶cruy - a - tight; steep, plunging; sharp (of curves); (obscene) vagina
¶ctanec - n - future tense; (physics) negative [reborrowing of CTANEC ‘coming’]
¶	ctanec nežio  down quark
¶ctel - n - person, party [reborrowing of CTEL ‘individual’]
¶Ctelm - n - the Ctelm mountain range east of the Plain [*CŤAENEME, variant of CAEŤMENE, from Meť. {Gauťmene} ‘hills of dawn’]
¶Ctésifon - n - Ctésifon, capital of Caďinas and of the modern state of Ctésifon; in speech always and in writing often Žésifo [reborrowing from CTESIFON; earlier CTESIFOS]
¶ctodicel - a - allergic (+dat)
¶ctodiceio - n - allergy [neo-Caď, after Ver. žoziseo ‘irritation’]
¶ctuzete - a - artificial [from Ctuzo]
¶Ctuzo - n - God of Manufacturing [reborrowing of CTUZO]
¶cu- - prep prefix - roughly, somewhat [com]
¶	cune  around, near
¶cucuri - n - weight of 6.071 kg, 10 süroi [CUCURIS]
¶cucurú - n - cock-a-doodle-doo [imitative]
¶cucuruan - vi ag - crow
¶cučec - vt ø - attack [Ct, from CUTEC]
¶cučeo - n - attack
¶cučil - n - tick— tiny parasitic insect [CUTIL, from CUTEC ‘attack’]
¶cuda - n - elbow [CULDA]
¶	cuda-dos  (invar.) cramped, crowded
¶cüe - n - oil [KINHE]
¶	cüe Kare  petroleum [‘oil of Kara’— an area where it is found on the surface]
¶cüeden - vt - anoint 
¶Cüedul - n - the Anointed, the Messiah, the Christ, Eleď
¶cuéh - n - quack [imitative]
¶cuehen - vi Ag - quack
¶cuelzulë - a - proud, clean, happy, brassy, honest; suggesting Handel’s Water Music  [‘gather-joy’]
¶cuenda - n - festival [CURENDA]
¶	cuenda miurië  circus, traveling performance
¶Cuendaya - n - Lesser Festival
¶Cuéndimar - n - third month; Grand Festival in this month
¶cuero - n - host [CULERION]
¶cues - n - question; question mark <tt>?</tt>
¶cuesan - vt ø -  ask [CURESAN]
¶	cuesan cues  ask a question
¶	zen cuesan  wonder
¶cuesrëcen - vt - introduce [‘ask aquaintance’]
¶	cuesrëcen Ihanam Rahelin  introduce Ihano to Raheli
¶	Zen mifanei zen cuesrëcen  Allow me to introduce oneself
¶cuesrëco - n - introduction
¶	brevë cuesrëcei  letter of introduction
¶cuestenát - n - curiosity, inquisitiveness
¶cuestene - a - curious, inquisitive [‘has questions’]
¶cuezi - n - Cuêzi, the Cuzeian language [Cuêzi]
¶cuim - prep - around, about [cu + im]
¶	cuim domán  about the house, somewhere in the house
¶culanul - n - pastry, small cake, torte; (slang) loot [after Surcont Culán, who made them fashionable]
¶	bulondir culanul  speechify, make a big deal of something
¶culë - n - gathering, reception; collection; course or class (school) [CULILE]
¶	slušir culä  take a class
¶culëte - (a) collective; (Er. n) bus
¶culisa - n - fleet [Keb. kulisa ‘what is commanded’]
¶culpa - n - blame [reborrowing of CULPA, OV {cupa}]
¶culpir - vi Ag - blame, accuse [CULPIR]
¶	Raheli culpre Ihanon ad soan žankan  Raheli blamed Ihano for the accident
¶culso - n - admiral, commodore [Keb. kulseu ‘commander’, from kulsu ‘command’]
¶cum - prep - with, among [CUM]
¶	cum ti-drukin  with some friends
¶	cum zen  personally, unassisted
¶	cum lënin  with stripes
¶	dëguran cum soán lescomán  haggle with the marketwoman  
¶	mevel cum Kebrin  a treaty with Kebri
¶cuma - n - (music) perfect fifth, five-note heptatonic interval; (Ct slang) girlfriend [CUMA ‘hearth’]
¶cumaudët - n - conditions, terms [LET CUMALDILEŤ ‘if you accept’, common legal formula] 
¶	dan cumaudëti zië  state one’s terms
¶	Prinimom ce-cumadëti  We accept those conditions
¶cumasát - n - nursing; care, protection, oversight
¶cumasec - n - nurse
¶cumásuir - vt ø - nurse; care, care for [‘sit with’]
¶cumbectia - n - syntax [reborrowing of CUMBECTIA, from CUM ‘with’ + BECTIA ‘movement’]
¶cumbeme - a - alert [‘with a head’]
¶cumbrigát - n - defense
¶cumbrigan - vt ø - defend [‘fight with’]
¶	cumbrigan soa mažtana ak vrakin lë  defend the city against its enemies
¶cumbutát - n - partnership, company organized for business or any other common end
¶	cumbutát and alaďean  orchestra
¶	cumbutát imbineyul  limited liability corporation (law)
¶cumbuten - vt ø - associate with, partner with 
¶cumbutise - a - harmonious, allied, having the same values or goals
¶cumbutom - n - partner [‘man with goal’]
¶cumepesa - n - capacity, power
¶	cumepesa irzovec  the ability to win
¶cumepan - vi Ag - to be capable of [‘with-can’]
¶	cumepan legan  to be capable of lying
¶cumeliräm - n - fiancé [‘to be lived with’]
¶cumetu - seafood salad in the Ismaîn style [earlier cumétiu; Ism. {kumetił}, literally ‘arrangement’, from CUM ‘with’ + METTAN ‘put’]
¶cumferien - vi Ag - contribute, pitch in [‘support with’]
¶cumfriseo - n - excitement, thrill
¶cumfriser - vt ø - excite, thrill [‘with-shake’]
¶cumlädan - vt ø - accompany; join, combine [‘go with’]
¶	cumlädan Ihanam Deštain  accompany Ihano to Deštai
¶	cumlädan oligum  join a group
¶	cumlädan soa creča ad soán fayulán  join the pleasant to the necesary, combine business and pleasure
¶cumlelen - vt ø - witness [‘with-see’]
¶cumlelom - n - witness
¶cumlübec - vi Ag - sleep together; usually takes plural subjects (genteel) [‘with-love’]
¶	Ihano er Raheli cumlübu  Ihano and Raheli are sleeping together
¶cummev - n - collective action against an employer or landlord; boycott, strike
¶cummevan - vi Ag - act collectively; strike, boycott [MEBRAN]
¶	cummevan ak činekán  act against the boss
¶	šesan cummevan soin hutoromin  organize the farmers to act collectively 
¶cummizec - vi Ag - agree [‘with-say’]
¶	Cummizao miyirece soán dalun  I agree with the King, of course
¶cummizo - n - agreement 
¶	cummizo cum soán ouandán eta so arb traforhec  an agreement with the neighbor about the overhanging tree
¶cumnuven - vi Ag - sleep together, make love (neutral register) [‘bed with’]
¶	Pro lengen cumnuvnu  We made love for hours
¶cumon - n - ally [cumon ‘with-man’]
¶cumonora - n - league [‘collection of allies’]
¶	Cumonora i Scafiora  The Scafiora League
¶cumorgát - n - bitterness, contempt, scorn
¶cumorge - a - bitter, cynical, angry at the world, contemptuously defiant [‘with morbidity’]
¶cumoteran - vt ø - understand, grasp, realize; sympathize [‘know with’]
¶	Cumoterai suspilavát lë  I understand your suffering (acc.)
¶	Cumoterai redelcen  I understand women (dat.)
¶cumoterát - n - society, profession, fellowship; specically the association of those initiated into the ‘closed’ professions such as medicine, law, alchemy, or magic
¶cumoterul - n - fellow, member of such a fellowship
¶cumotery - n - understanding
¶cumpavom - n - babysitter [‘with kid person’]
¶cumpogan - vt - perfect; finish (schooling etc.) [CUMPUGAN, loan-translation of Cuêzi {sofusê}, {so}- ‘with’  {fusê} ‘complete’]
¶cumpogul - a - perfect, perfected; unrestricted, total
¶	cumpogulece  totally, perfectly, absolutely
¶cumprenäm - n - context, background [‘to be understood’]
¶cumprenan - vt ø - understand; include; engender [‘take with’]
¶	Mey řo cumprene sul šalea tšurei er živä salea  Water consists of hydrogen and oxygen
¶	Řo cumprenai so uklam  I don’t understand the proof
¶	Lübor cumprene ši-olotem  Love encompasses all feelings 
¶cumprosan - vi Ag - parade, march [‘walk together’]
¶cumproseo - n - parade, march
¶	Išet Cumproseo  Solemn March celebrating the harvest 
¶cumpužeo - n - perfection [CUMPUGEIO]
¶cumřez - n - cooperation, collaboration; (Érenat) sports club
¶cumřezen - vi Ag - cooperate, collaborate [‘work together’]
¶cumšadan - vt ø - escort prisoners or guests; ride together [‘ride with’]
¶cumšadom - n - a military escort; fellow rider 
¶cumuna - n - town [CUMUNDA, augmentative of CUMA ‘hearth’]
¶cumyonom - n - companion [‘person to share bread with’]
¶	cumyonom vëčerei  dinner partner, date
¶cuncolir - vt ø - organize, form (a cunculë) [‘gather with’]
¶cuncorë - n - meeting, session [CUNCURIES]
¶cuncreniy - a - heartfelt; vehement [‘with feeling’]
¶cunculë - n - organization, association, society, company; a trade association or lesser guild [cum ‘with’ + culë ‘collection’]
¶cüncüni - n - whine, whimper [imitative]
¶cüncünir - vi Ag - whine, whimper
¶cuncuresa - n - joint custody, ownership, or use
¶cuncurec - vt - have joint custody, ownership, or use of [‘hold together’]
¶cuncurul - a - joint, common, jointly owned
¶cuncurian - vi Ag - meet, sit as an assembly [CUNCURIAN ‘deliberate with’]
¶cundrožir - vt - leaven; (colloq.) impregnate [‘with yeast’]
¶cundrožul - a - pregnant
¶cune - prep - around, somewhere near 
¶	cune eldënán  about noon
¶	cune soán domán  somwhere around the house
¶cunënia - n - oppression, repression
¶cunënir - n - oppress, repress [CUNGAENIR]
¶cunësan - vt ø - trust [CUNGESAN ‘with god’]
¶	So dalu cunëse reďréem zië  The king trusts his ministers
¶	Cunësai volematán lë  I trust in your good will
¶cunësát - n - trust
¶Cunetana - n - league— for referring to the Caďinorian League
¶cunire - a - tedious [OV {cundisre} ‘annoying’, from CUMDISRES ‘seething’, CUMDISAN ‘seethe’, from CUM ‘with’ + DISAN ‘hate’]
¶cunirec - v - be tedious; (slang) whine, complain 
¶cuniresa - n - tedium
¶cunkonsia - n - consulation, conference
¶cunkonsir - vt ø - consult, confer [‘counsel with’]
¶	cunkonsir so elcar  consult with the elcar
¶cunnaž - n - confederacy
¶cunnažan - vi Ag - confederate (cum) [‘rule together’]
¶cunnažise - a, n - confederate; Svetlan 
¶cunya - n - swan— large, pretty, white lake or swamp-dwelling bird; (MV slang) pretty girl [*CUNGA, variant of CUGNA]
¶cuon - n - dog— small predator, domesticated form of the lef; lout [CUONOS]
¶cup - n - blow, hit
¶cupan - vt ø - box, fight
¶cupáš - n - shock, huge blow 
¶cupi - n - fisticuffs, fight [cupî ‘blows’]
¶cuplana - n - canvas [cuplia ‘hemp’ + -ana]
¶cuplanom - n - sailmaker
¶cuplia - n - hemp, marijuana [CONOPLIA]
¶curaise - a - abstract 
¶cürälan - n - deep fry, fry in a bath of oil [‘oil-cook’]
¶cürana - n - curacy
¶curaya - n - reason [CURAIA ‘argumentation’, orig. ‘brooding’, from CURA ‘hen’]
¶	aša curaye  debate 
¶curayen - vi Ag - reason, argue, debate
¶curayora - n - argument, proof; discourse; logic
¶cüre - n - curate [Avélan dialect; abbreviation of vacüre; see vacuran]
¶curec - vt - hold; restrain [CURREC]
¶	zen curec dën  have a day off
¶	zet curec  abstain, hold back, refrain (from: až + dat.)
¶	Ihano curce ciran zië baďir so imfát  Ihano kept his wife from hitting the child
¶curesäm - a - responsible [CURESAUM ‘the one to be asked’]
¶curesát - n - responsibility
¶curesec - n - interrogative, question word [reborrowing of CURESEC ‘asking’]
¶cureza - n - axle; crutch
¶curien - vt ø - deliberate, consider as in courts, offices; review a case [CURIEN]
¶	So sud curime precet lë  The Court will consider your petition
¶curizec - vt - grasp, grip [CURRINSEC, prolongative of CURREC ‘hold’]
¶curizeo - n - grasp, grip
¶curka - n - hen [OV diminutive, from CURA]
¶cürnu - n - a small silver coin of Kebri or Érenat [Keb. kuirnu ‘half [an alat]’]
¶	cürnu sutam  a small Kebreni gold coin [Keb. kuirnu suiťum]
¶curo - n - hold 
¶curolec - vi Pt - sparkle, scintillate [CUROLEC]
¶curonan - vt ø - scan; edit, revise [‘check roughly’]
¶curonec - n - editor
¶curoni - n - scan, edit, revision
¶curoš - n - pliers
¶currömul - n - laptop computer [‘hold-computer’]
¶cursecu - n - mobile phone [‘hold-phone‘]
¶curulë - n - star (astronomy) [CUROLILE, variant of CULORILE ‘star’, from CUROLEC ‘sparkle’]
¶curulelát - n - navigation
¶curulelen - vi Ag - navigate [‘see stars’]
¶curulëra - n - constellation 
¶curulora - n - contents [from curul ‘what is held’]
¶curvinte - n - nut (goes with bolts) [‘hold-screw’]
¶Curym - n - the largest continent in the northern hemisphere [Harimian {Kuurim}]
¶curymise - a - of Curym or the race of humans there
¶cuteio - n - (medicine) stroke [reborrowing of CUTEIO ‘attack, stroke’]
¶cuyo - n - spoon; as a measuring unit, 3 miî, 1/4 verae— 1.4 tbsp. [CULGO]
¶cuzeë - n, a - Cuzeian
¶Cuzei - n - Cuzei [Benécian Cûzêy, from CUEZAIE, from Cuêzi {Cuêzaye}]
¶cüzir - vt/vi Pt - close [from dynamic forms of CIUDER ‘close’]
¶cyager - vt - flog [CLAGER]
¶cyagito - n - flogging
¶/Č
¶ča - interj - well!
¶čačayëse - a - dim, slow to understand [‘slow-eyed’, i.e. one with bad leria]
¶čačë - a - slow [Curiyan čeče ‘sluggish’]
¶čai - n - tea [Uytain tsai]
¶čaináe - n - tearoom
¶čaise - a - of tea; pale in skin color, by Verdurian standards
¶cala - a - (MV slang) gay, homosexual (invar) [Šɯk]
¶čambra - n - grand council; chamber [TIAMORA]
¶	Čambra i Almea  Almea Council
¶čámio - n - electron [Flaidish {chamio} ‘electric’ + dim.]
¶čamzan - vt ø - bite [OV {čam}, sound of a bite]
¶čamzel - n - bite
¶čana - n - pot [TUANA]
¶	Ai im čanan  I’m in
¶čanát - n - pottery
¶čanom - n - potter
¶časet - n - stamp, seal; logo, brand [from časka ‘flame’, i.e. a branding]
¶čascurec - vi Ag - hope [‘hold-flame’]
¶čascuro - n - hope
¶časka - n - spark [OV diminutive of {čurasa} ‘flame’, from TURAN ‘burn’]
¶časiššelát - n - despair, despondency
¶časiššelec - vi Pt - despair [‘lose-flame’]
¶čaťa - n - (Er. slang) immigrant to Lébecyr [Phitikan ‘yellow’]
¶čayma - n - tent [Bar. {chaîma} from Western {čaymba} ‘portable’, itself derived from Naviu {kaya} ‘shelter’]
¶če- - prefix - four (combination form)
¶čeču - n - candy, sweets [baby-talk for tsesul ‘sweet’]
¶čedec - # - forty [TIEDECT]
¶čedesnaga - n - centipede (pl. čedesnaži) [‘forty feet’]
¶čedešro - n - colonel [TIEDECTESCRION ‘master of troops,’ from TIEDECT ‘forty’ + ESCRION ‘headman’]
¶čeďo - n - palm of hand [TIEŤUS]
¶čehát - n - sculpting, sculpture
¶čehen - vt ø – sculpt [TEȞREN, through Ct]
¶čehom - n - sculptor
¶čehoš - n - sculpture
¶čel - n - place [TIEL ‘point, entity’, from TIAN ‘exist, endure’]
¶	Čel Šorui  hell
¶čelt - a, n - evil [CŤELT]
¶čéltevar - n - archdemon [čelt ‘evil’ + efar  ‘lord’]
¶čem - n - card; (MV slang) credit card
¶čemora - n - deck of cards
¶čen - n invar - the seventeenth letter of the Verdurian alphabet, Č <tt>Ç</tt>
¶	čen ismaë  Verdurian name for the ç used in Ismaîn <tt>Œ</tt>
¶	čen vuáë  Verdurian name for the j used in Caizu, Ismaîn, Flaidish <tt>J</tt>
¶čena - n - meal— especially a smaller one, not the prando [TIENNA]
¶čerene - a - prudent [TIRENES]
¶čereon - n - prudence
¶	čereon  frugal, thrifty
¶čésula - n - scale (e.g. of fish) [diminutive of češa]
¶česura - n - bark of tree
¶češa - n - shell, skin (fruit); (MV slang) testicle [OV {čureša} from TUESCA]
¶četve - a - fourth [TIETNES, from proto-Eastern *tyetenes ‘of the palm’, from *tyetau ‘palm’; the image being that of four fingers extended, revealing the palm]
¶Čey - n - Čeiy [Xurnese Čeiy]
¶čeya - n - rib [TEILA]
¶čežižu - n - Xurnese hand-cannon [Xurnese čejijuy]
¶čiam - adv, n - forever; eternity [TIAUM ‘what will endure’]
¶čičaumát - n - variation
¶čičaumec - vi Pt - vary [OV {či-ča-ču} ‘all different ways’]
¶	Čičaume po sues eden so dën  It varies by six edî a day
¶čihan - vi Ag - sneeze [TIȞAN]
¶čil - a - each [TIL]
¶čilanë - n - napkin [‘each linen’]
¶čildan - vt - distribute; (math) divide (conj. like dan)  [‘give to each’]
¶	Čildanei soem luomem infátin  Distribute the apples to the children
¶čildoni - n - distribution; division; (Etanëism) how power is distributed
¶	el čildonë  arithmetic mean
¶čildul - n - reciprocal
¶	ruk čildul  the reciprocal of velocity
¶čilepe - a - weekly magazine
¶čilepdëne - a - weekly [‘each week’]
¶čiliažëe - a - monthly [‘each month’]
¶čilise - a - usual, ordinary
¶čima - n - pace, .758 m; musical note, whole tone [TIMA ‘step’]
¶čimáš - n - (music) an interval larger than a whole tone
¶čimora - n - footprints; traces, spoor; (music) scale, mode
¶čimoren - vt - track, trace, trail
¶čine - n - dish, plate; (slang) face [TINE]
¶	čine ledli  fine china plate
¶činecan - vt - run, manage, boss
¶činek - n - boss [OV slang diminutive of {činya} ‘triangle’, i.e. as military signal]
¶činlavec - n - dishwasher [‘dish-washer’]
¶činora - n - stack of plates; electric battery
¶činya - n - triangle or other high-pitched percussion instrument [TRINGA]
¶činzik - n - gooseberry [Bar. {chinzikh} ‘bride’s berry’, from a belief that eating them would attract a man; from GINA ‘maiden’ + ZIȞE ‘berry’]
¶činžeda - n - anchor [TINDIGEDA, from Meťaiun tind- ‘stay’ + geda ‘stone’]
¶čiplin - n - bugle [CRUNGA TIPELIN ‘trumpet for horses’]
¶čira - n - crack [TIRA]
¶čiren - vi Pt - crack 
¶	šesan čiren  crack something
¶čirnu - n - deck (ships) [Keb. cirnu, nom. of ciri ‘stand’]
¶čiron - n - elephant— very large, tusked, rideable herbivore, found in savannah [TIROND]
¶čironduri - n - tusk; ivory [‘elephant tooth’]
¶čisiát - n - sharpness
¶čisčic - n - bauble, trinket [TICITIC ‘tinkling thing’]
¶čisy - a - sharp; discriminating, subtle; rapier [TISIS]
¶	čisy labi  a discriminating palate
¶	čisy ambresa  good taste
¶čiste - a - pure [TISTES]
¶čismiše - a - mocking, witty; cuttingly satirical [OV ‘sharpest’]
¶čisimen - vi Ag - make a pun; play with words
¶	čisimen ak nomán  make a pun on a name
¶	čisimen ab ložin  play with words
¶čisimotá - n - pun
¶čisuemse - n - sensitive, touchy [‘sharp-hearted’]
¶čište - n - Ismaîn guitar rather like a mandolin [Ism. {çişte} from CISTA ‘box’]
¶čivi - n - pain [TIBRIS]
¶čivicole - a - sadistic [‘loving pain’]
¶čividonec - a - painful [‘giving pain’]
¶čivinye - a - sympathetic [‘gentle pain’]
¶čiža - n - cactus [TIGESA]
¶čoc - n - sling [CTUCOS]
¶čor - n - flow; (ocean) current
¶	so zol čor  (river) current 
¶čoran - vi Pt - flow, run; cry [TUORAN]
¶čorec - a - flowing; fluent
¶čorižina - n - rhododendron— shrubs with a cluster of flowers [‘cry, girl’]
¶čosa - interj - shoot! crap! (taboo-deformation of čuza)
¶čošava - n - mercury [TUORESAMBAS, from Cuêzi {tōure}- ‘flowing’ + {sambas} ‘bright stuff’]
¶	credeca čošava  mercuric chloride, corrosive sublimate
¶čuca - n - spot, dot, mark; (punctuation) hyphen, word separator (pl. čusî); (MV slang, pl.) menstruation [TUCA]
¶	čuca calei  degree of temperature
¶čucora - n - ruled edge; range, scale
¶čucul - n - freckled, spotted; leopard, panther— medium-sized, spotted predator [‘spotted’]
¶čuč - n - (slang) bastard, asshole, salaud [older čucse ‘spotty’]  
¶čuél - n - calx, the powder, generally an oxide, resulting from roasting a metal or ore [TUREL ‘result of burning’] 
¶	čuél plomei  white lead, a compound of lead carbonate and lead hydrate
¶	čuél camside  white arsenic, arsenic trioxide
¶	čuél čošave  red precipitate mercuric oxide
¶	čuél mlakonei  coke 
¶čuelan - vt - calcine, reduce to a calx
¶	zet čuelan  calcine, become a calx
¶čuelát - n - calcination
¶čueže - a - stiff, rigid [TUGES]
¶čüma - n - plague [TIUMA]
¶čümána - n - hospital or sanitorium for treating the plague, leprosy, or other highly contagious diseases [TIUMANDA]
¶	redelcë čümáne  virago
¶čumesa - n - (colloq.) smarts, brains
¶čume - a - (colloq.) smart, brainy
¶čümka - n - stink, stench
¶čümse - a - malodorous, noisome, stinking; (MV slang) communist, lefty [‘plaguish’]
¶čümsen - vi Pt - stink
¶	Čümsei ab alyon  You stink of garlic
¶čun - n - oak— tall, very strong deciduous tree [TUND]
¶čunanen - vt - spot, mark, stain [TUCANDEN]
¶čunanul - a - stained; stain; something stained or spotted
¶čunašea - n - orthodoxy [‘oak-thought’]
¶čunido - n - acorn
¶čunima - n - shield; arms, noble emblem; card bearing such an emblem; a Caďinorian coin, still the unit of account in Žésifo; (Ct slang) clout [TUANIMA or *TUNIMA ‘small pot’, soldiers’ slang for ‘shield’]
¶čunimát - n - heraldry
¶čupát - n - idiocy [from TUP ‘dumb, mute’]
¶čupiser - vt - daze, stupefy [TUPICER ‘make mute’]
¶čupom - n - idiot
¶čupotá - n - an idiotic act 
¶čuprášen - vi Pt - swoon, faint and fall down 
¶čupre - a - unconscious, unaware [TUPRES, from TUP ‘dumb, mute’]
¶čuprec - a - faint, dizzy; (Er. slang) cool, awesome
¶čuprel - n - faint, fainting spell, loss of consciousness
¶čupren - vi Pt - faint, lose consciousness
¶čupse - a - idiotic
¶čura - n - pear [TURA]
¶čurarb - n - pear tree
¶čurata - n - hearth [from tšurát  ‘burning’]
¶čusë - n - mud [TUSILE, from TUZA ‘shit’]
¶čustát - n - frequency
¶čuste - a - frequent; common, usual [TUSTES]
¶čüta - n - scales, balance [TINETA, from TINE ‘dish’ + collective -TA]
¶čuza - n - shit; by extension, goods, loot, share, money, trouble, shoddy stuff [TUZA]
¶čüzu - n - (Avéle slang) idiot [Keb. cyzu]
¶čužát - n - rigidity [see čueže ]
¶čužec - n - starch [TUGENDEC, from TUGENDAN ‘stiffen’]
¶/D
¶daban - vi - (MV slang) chatter, babble [imitative]
¶dabilen - vt - undress [de ‘off’ + abilen ‘dress’]
¶	zet dabilen  take off one’s clothes
¶	So suloro dabilne soa frälina  The monk undressed the girl
¶dacdacir - vi - babble [imitative]
¶daco - n - equator [daluy coanelo]
¶daďuša - n - jade [DAŤUSIA, from DAŤUSOS, a mountain town where it was mined] 
¶dafro - n - piece of furniture
¶dai - v - I give (cf. dan) 
¶dah - n invar - the thirteenth letter of the Verdurian alphabet, D <tt>D</tt> [DAȞ]
¶dallengát - n - reign [‘king-length’]
¶dalom - n - ambassador [‘king’s man’]
¶dalomnáe - n - embassy 
¶dalu - n - king [DALU ‘prince’; the semantic change derives from the Caďinorian custom of appointing princes as governors; as royals they had more authority]
¶	Dalî   Epiphany
¶	dalu maris  prince consort
¶dálua - n - kingdom
¶dálues - a - jovial, good, strong— suggesting a powerful man in a good humor 
¶dálugues - n - monarchy [‘king-power’]
¶dalugueste - a - monarchical, monarchist
¶dalumize - a - official, standard [dalu mis ‘the king says’]
¶daluy - a - royal; national; (slang) fancy, good in bed; n  a gold coin of Solhai or Viminia
¶dam - n - (Er., Xurnese System) basic unit of area 0,58 ha
¶dan - vt - give; spend; issue (pres. dai...; past donai...; past ant. donerai...; fut. domai...; cond. doncelai...; participles donec, donul, donäm)  [DAN]
¶	Done so ivram soán řezecán  He gave the book to the laborer  
¶	Soa dálua done lebem letem  The kingdom issued new coins
¶dan - n - (archaic) village [DANDOS ‘settlement’]
¶däri - n - seagull [DAURIS, from Meť.]
¶darove - a - healthy, wholesome [DOROVES]
¶darovë - n - health
¶daroveviso - n - medicine [‘study of health’]
¶das - n - board, plank [DASOS]
¶dasco - n - animal; Pagan given name [reborrowing of DASCO; cf. dašo]
¶dascora - n - bestiary; zoo [‘animal collection’]
¶dascoviso - n - zoology [‘study of animals’]
¶dasek - n - tray, panel; cutting board [OV dim. of {das}]
¶dašo - n - beast (OV name element) [DASCO]
¶dauš - n - tiger— large striped predator, related to čuculî [Rafsani dâwç]
¶dautë - a, n - one-eyed; Cyclops [‘gouged’]
¶dauten - vt ø - chisel, gouge
¶dauto - n - chisel [DALTOR]
¶davonu - n - whale [augm. of DAVU, from Meť.]
¶daždimo - n - complex number [‘grid-amount’]
¶dažhicet - n - coordinate (on grid, usually used in plural) [‘grid-number’]
¶dažika - n - sieve [OV dim. of {dažy}]
¶dažiken - vt - sift
¶dažy - n - framework of a house, ship, etc.; grid, mathematical plane [DACTIS]
¶	säten so dažim domei  put up the framework of the house
¶de - prep - of, from, off [DE]
¶	tombir de mettan  fall off the table
¶	žanan de Deštain  come from Deštai
¶	kuna de pirodonin  money from an inheritance
¶	akprenan ontediďa de redelcén  rob a woman of her watch
¶	ana redelcë de muďe  one woman more, one extra woman
¶	Ilet tražne de sfeluca  They dragged it from the cave (acc.)
¶	Prenne so anelam de manam lië  He took the ring off her finger (acc.)
¶	Anelo e de manon lë  The ring is from her finger
¶	Zet fas de filán  They make it out of wire
¶de - v - he/she gives (cf. dan) 
¶deberan - vt - unlock; reveal, initiate [DEBAERAN— see ber]
¶	deberne soem tainem smericán lië  he revealed the secrets (acc.) to his disciple (dat.)
¶deberát - n - initiation
¶debiyetan - vt ø - (with acc.) remove from the electorship or from the nobility; vi (with dat.) remove from consideration [cf. biyeta]
¶debresen - vt - unwrap [cf. bres]
¶	Zen debresne so bres  She unwrapped her breast-band
¶debút - n - beginning
¶debutan - vt - start, incur [DEBUTAN ‘begin’.  Originally a command to the servants preparing an archery target to move away so the shooting could begin]
¶	debutan šendum  start a game
¶dec - # - ten [late Caď. DEC, from DECT]
¶decďún - # - twelve
¶decďín - # - thirteen
¶decë - a - tenth, tithe; tax
¶	decë ak lagun  income tax
¶dechép - # - seventeen
¶decpán - # - fifteen
¶decpár - # - fourteen
¶decřizo - n - decimal number; base 10 [‘ten-base’]
¶decsenge - n - vicarate [‘ten presbyterates’]
¶decsués - # - sixteen
¶decyen - vt - tax (also written decën) [‘one-tenth’]
¶	decyen so žen po decďún ořulen so bem  tax the people at twelve ořulî the head
¶deczona - n - decade [‘ten years’]
¶dečelan - vt - displace [‘out of place’]
¶dečia - n - binding, restraint
¶dečiplan - vt ø - dismount [*DETIPELAN ‘from horse’]
¶dečir - vt - bind, tie, restrain [DETIR]
¶	zet dečir  be bound to; commit to (+ infinitive)
¶dede - a - shaky [synaesthetic]
¶dedim - n - quantum; (MV slang) nerd, geek [Lé dɛdin ‘not-between = discrete’]
¶dedimse - a - quantum, quantum-mechanical
¶dedimviso - n - quantum mechanics [‘quantumology’]
¶dedoše - n - scallop [Ism. {dedoziçe} ‘little button’]
¶deďaner - vt - shear; (slang or MV) trick, steal from [‘de-wool’]
¶deďëse - a - oblique, askew [DEĎIESES]
¶deëžan - vt - pluck [de  + ‘feather’]
¶deëžul - a - plucked; (slang) naked
¶defasadir - vi Ag - set out from, advance [‘forward from’]
¶	defasadir is Verdurian-mažtanan  set out from Verduria city
¶definta - n - a game where you try to knock the top off a pile of rocks
¶defucan - vi Pt - fade, discolor [DEFUCAN, from DE ‘away, off’ + FUCA ‘color’]
¶	defucul  faded, discolored
¶defulüren - vt - erase [‘un-ink’]
¶degriman - vt - deduce; infer; reconstruct (a crime or story) [‘pull out’]
¶degrimeo - n - deduction, inference
¶dëguran - vi Ag - haggle, negotiate [DERGEN ‘tug’ + -URA]
¶	dëguran cum Šustanan  plough the sea, waste one’s time lit., bargain with Šustana
¶deistima - n - harmony [reborrowing of DEISTIMA]
¶dekaši - n - revelation
¶dekašir - vt - reveal [‘unhide’]
¶zet dekašsir  (MV slang) get naked
¶dëker - vt ø - reciprocate, return a favor [DENKER ‘reciprocate, respond’]
¶	dëker donul  reciprocate a gift
¶dëkuir - vi ø - thank
¶	dëkuir drukán pro cuplian  thank a friend for the hemp
¶dëkuy - n - thanks, a thank you [DENKUIS ‘reciprocal’; i.e. “It must be reciprocated”]
¶delädan - vi Ag - depart [‘go from’]
¶	delädan de scafin  depart from the pier
¶	delädan až vižulán  depart from the ordinary 
¶dëlaun - a - feeling despair or depression amid triumph or success [Cuêzi {dunlāunas} ‘movement in a circle’; i.e. feverish but pointless activity or emotion]
¶delažec - vt  receive, inherit [‘acquire from’]
¶delendát - n - disorder, turmoil
¶	prosec delendát  disturbance of the peace
¶delendan - vt - disorder, disarrange, scramble [DELENDAN ‘out of line’]
¶delial - n - demotion 
¶delialan - vt - demote [‘un-raise’]
¶dembrea - n - existence
¶dembir - vi Pt - exist [DEMERIR ‘exist, create’]
¶demeča - n - spring (season) [DEMETRIA]
¶demedau - n - loss [Keb. demedau, from demedu ‘subtract’, borrowed from DEMETTAN]
¶demeric - n - present (time) [reborrowing of DEMERIC ‘existing’]
¶	so demeric dalu  the current king
¶demetan - vt ø - subtract; unload an animal or wagon; (slang) vomit, poop [DEMETTAN ‘put off’]
¶	demetan perem hicet de ftoren   subtract the first number from the second
¶demeto - n - subtraction; unloading
¶demettene - a - money-losing, unprofitable
¶demeyan - vi Pt - evaporate
¶demëžen - vi Pt - emerge, surface [de + ‘sink’]
¶den - n - document; form [DAENOS, ‘paper’]
¶	crivan den  fill out a form
¶	azure den  dismissal or demobilization document 
¶dën - n - day, date [DENNOS]
¶	So dën nosei e ceďnare  The wedding is set for ceďnare
¶denažë - n - welfare, government payments [<i>colapreca denažë </i>'national assistance’]
¶déneca - n - persistence
¶deníe - a, n - homosexual, gay [after Miluran Dení, an artist in Mëranac’s time]
¶denk - n - (MV slang) money, cash
¶denkuna - n - banknote, paper money [’document money’]
¶denomát - n - dismissal
¶denomen - vt - dismiss [de + ‘name’]
¶	denomen so nrüsk munëin lë  dismiss the fool from his job
¶	zet denomen  resign, renounce
¶	zet denomen ižeďen elirán zë  renounce one’s former life
¶denora - n - file; pile, sheaf of papers [collective of ‘document’]
¶denozir - vt ø - undo a knot; detach [‘off-knot’]
¶denrom - n - (Avéle) clerk [Ism. {denŕyn}]
¶dénuir - vi Ag - continue, keep on, persist [dynamic tenses of DENEC ‘persist’]
¶	Sen dénue  I’m used to it
¶dénuo - adv - continually; habitually; repeatedly; marker of habitual aspect
¶densäte - n - archives [‘hall of documents’]
¶dënšadu - n - one day’s ride.  By convention, 80 cemisî, 60.64 km; this corresponds to a full day’s stagecoach travel— riding all day and all night, 240 cemisî could be travelled.  Messages may be sent by relays of racing horses at a rate of up to 400 cemisî in a 24-hour period [‘day-ride’]  
¶depiran - vt - brew (beer) [‘ferment off’]
¶	zet depiran  brew (said of the beer)
¶depirom - n - brewer
¶depiser - vt/vi Pt - unfold [de + ‘fold’]
¶depolnir - vi Ag - get dressed [’denude’]
¶deprenan - vt - remove, steal [‘off-take’]
¶	deprene de soin bogatuin  steal from the rich
¶deprenec - n - robber
¶deprosan - vt - depend on; be subordinate to [orig. derprosan, ‘walk behind’]
¶	So dalu deprose soi aďi  The king is under the gods
¶deprosec - a - subordinate, dependent
¶derë - prep - behind [DERILE ‘backup’]
¶	derë soan pavona  behind the wagon
¶derec - vt ø - pledge; support e.g. a claimant, serve; [DEREC ‘back up’]
¶	zet derec  dedicate or devote oneself to
¶	Derao cum lonán dy e orest  I pledge my honor it’s true
¶	Et derao abbosan  I’m determined to succeed
¶derel - n - pledge, collateral
¶Derigima - n - slum neighborhood of Avéla [derë ciman ‘behind the hill’] 
¶derigime - n - a fast, noisy dance [originating in Derigima]
¶dernë - a - last, final, terminal [OV {de renë} ‘in the end’, from RENILES ‘exhaustively’, from RENES ‘again’]
¶deryolo - n - the back of the knee [‘behind-knee’]
¶deřaner - vt - unleash [de + řaner] 
¶des - a - several; various [DEIS ‘various’]
¶dësan - vi Pt - come into being [de + esan ‘be’]
¶desaten - vt - demolish, wreck; abolish, repeal [‘unbuild’]
¶deseca - n - variety, diversity
¶descairon - a, adv - occasional; sometimes, now and then, several times [‘several opportunities’]
¶desčima - n - chord [DEISTIMA ‘several notes’]
¶deseltaven - vt - extinguish; (slang) kill [de- + ‘light’]
¶dessuan - vt - wipe, wipe clean [‘unwet’]
¶desi - bridge; (music) third, two-note heptatonic interval [DESIS]
¶	embrë desi  minor third
¶	egrë desi  major third
¶desider - vt ø - order, send for (use dat. for people) [DESIDER ‘select’, from SIDER ‘offer’]
¶	desider zer  send out for pizza
¶	desider soan snucán  send for the servant
¶desidi - n - order
¶desidul - n - taxi [’ordered (car)’]
¶desisir - vt ø - oppose, contradict, take the other side [DECISIR ‘slide away’]
¶	desisu  on the contrary
¶	desisec  opponent; opposite
¶	desisec fako  The Opposition, in the Esčambra
¶desizer - vt - quench (thirst)
¶	zet desizer  refresh oneself; (colloq.) have a drink [de- + ‘thirst’]
¶deskuna - n - toll [‘bridge-money’]
¶desnév - # - nineteen [late Caď. *DEC NEBRI]
¶desüeca - n - prevention
¶desüen - vi - prevent, block [dynamic tenses of DESIEN ‘stop’]
¶	desüen tšurán  prevent a fire
¶	They kept me from eating the meat  Sen desünu crežen so myasam
¶dësul - n - creature [‘that has come to be’]
¶desurčelan - vt ø - distract [‘off concentration’]
¶	zet desurčelan  become distracted, lose one’s concentration
¶dešen - vi Ag - stop (doing something), quit [DESIEN]
¶	Eluá činek, dešenei ďuďir  Here’s the boss, stop babbling like an idiot
¶	Et dešai [mizec]  And so on— lit., I stop myself from saying more
¶	Deši!  Stop that!
¶detombe - a - decadent
¶detombir - vi Pt - decline, fall, become corrupt [de + ‘fall’]
¶detombo - n - decadence
¶detoš - n - fastener; buckle [*DETOSIOS ‘binding thing’]
¶detöšen - vt - geld, castrate [DETUESCEN ‘unshell’]
¶detöšul - n - gelding
¶detranen - vt - cut off, sever [‘cut off’]
¶deuligec - vt - untie, unfasten, sever [de  + oligec, join]
¶Deutaya - n - Goddess of Cities [OV {Duetaya}, from DURETAIA]
¶deuveren - vt - take off, doff [‘off-clothes’]
¶	deuveren lanika  take off one’s underwear
¶deväm - n - debt, obligation; by extension, sin, especially in reference to God
¶devec - n - debtor; sinner; (archaic) vassal
¶	devec lë  at your service
¶devhezát - n - indentured servitude
¶	mevel devhezátei  indenture
¶devhezec - n - indentured servant [‘must work’]
¶devir - vt - must, have to; owe; to be sinful [DEBRIR]
¶	devir lädan Deštain  to have to go to Deštai
¶	Deve soa muatä dimei  He is liable for half the sum
¶	Devu sues ořulem soán loëcán  I owe six gold pieces to the landlord
¶	Prî Aďán fsya devum  Before God all of us are sinful
¶deyeen - vt - blind [de + ‘eyes’]
¶deym - n - (Er., Xurnese System) basic unit of time, 734 s
¶deyodimo - n - mass [‘matter-amount’]
¶deyon - n - matter, as opposed to energy or spirit; (politics) material conditions [DEION, from Cuêzi {deōn} ‘raw materials, matter’, from {dei} ‘use’]
¶deyonise - a - material, physical
¶dezike - conj - while, as [DE DIŤAN KEDA ‘at the time when’]
¶	dezike dormru so naž  as the nation slept
¶	dezike siča prosmai  while I was walking
¶dež - a, n - right (direction) [DEGES]
¶dežán - # - eleven [late Caď. *DEC AN] 
¶deželec - a - disquieting, problematic
¶deželen - vi Pt - cause disquiet (+ dat), nag at
¶dëžen - vt - tug, pull [DERGEN]
¶	zet dëžen  (MV slang) masturbate
¶dežóc - # - eighteen [late Caď. *DEC IOCI]
¶dicenarda - n - scurvy [DICENARDA ‘gum disease’]
¶dičura - n - zither, high-pitched stringed instrument
¶dičy - a - sweet, nice [DITRIS ‘gentle, innocent’ from DITOS ‘baby’]
¶didas - n - yogurt [Curiyan didaz, related to Cuêzi {dēnedas} ‘milk’]
¶diďa - n - time; (grammatical) tense; stage of life  m. [DIŤAS]
¶diďitise - a - delicate, pretty; ethereal, otherworldly [‘sweet and quiet’]
¶dimo - n - sum, amount, quantity; (grammar) number [DIMO]
¶	so Dimo  the Cosmos
¶	dimo ženei  population
¶dimšuten - vt ø - exceed [‘spill an amount’]
¶dimšuto - n - excess
¶din - a - (archaic) triple [back-formation from dinë]
¶dinë - # - one third; (grammar) gender [*DINGAU, from DIMAGAU, from Cuêzi {dīmagāu}, from {dīma} ‘three’]
¶dinise - a - triple [din or Cuêzi {dīma} ‘three’]
¶dinkopey - n - balloon [after the brothers Dinkop, its inventors]
¶dinya - n - melon [DINGA]
¶dis - n - hate
¶disan - vt ø - hate [DISAN]
¶disna - n - gum (of mouth) [DICENA]
¶disnuria - n - resentment, bitterness
¶	Mizeo ab disnurian?  Are you speaking sarcastically?
¶disnurir - vi Ag - resent, be bitter [‘nourish hatred’]
¶	disnurir piron zië eta šupoát  resent one’s father because of his avarice
¶	Fasseceo, disnuru  You do it, I’m bitter
¶ditavan - vt - like, prefer, favor— emphasis on emotion or choice; cf. ambrir [DITAVAN ‘favor’, related to DITOS ‘baby’]
¶ditavea - n - liking, preference
¶ditavul - a - favorite, preferred
¶divea - n - choice, selection; election
¶diveir - vt ø - choose, select; set e.g. a time; elect [DIBREIR]
¶	Lačam diveir dën  We should set a date
¶divrec - vt ø - learn [OV {de ivroin}, ‘out of books’]
¶	divrec soa alaďea  learn music
¶divreo - n - learning
¶Dizama - n - Cuzeian name [diazamē ‘promise’]
¶dižón - n - mustard [DICTONOS]
¶do - v - you (pl.) give (cf. dan) 
¶doblädan - vi Pt - fit, suit; cf. mallädan [dóbrece lädan, ‘go well’]
¶	doblädec  suitable, appropriate
¶	Len dobläde  It flatters you
¶dobráš - a - wonderful, great
¶dobre - a - good; fine, righteous, wise [DOMERES ‘fine, handsome’]
¶dobrefassec - vi Pt - benefit (conj. like fassec) [‘do good’]
¶	Řo dobrefas nikton  It’s no good to anyone (dat.) 
¶dobrefasco - n - benefit
¶dobrelóg - n - reputation (pl dobreloži) [‘good word’]
¶dobreložise - a - respectable, of good repute
¶dobrežanul - a - welcome [‘well come!’]
¶dobu - n - bloke, chap, type [‘good guy’]
¶dočatir - vt - finger; (slang) to excite with the fingers
¶	zet dočatir (of women)  masturbate
¶doči - n - finger [DOTIS]
¶	co-pava doči  ring finger
¶	ela doči  middle finger
¶	pava doči  little finger
¶	ďuna doči  index finger
¶dočirís - n - millet, an Uytain grain [‘finger grain’, from the appearance of its seed clusters]
¶dočuven - vt ø - pilfer [‘finger’]
¶dodo - n - (baby-talk) sleep; nap
¶dodoir - vi Pt - (baby-talk) sleep; nap [simplification of dormir]
¶doligu - n - parish [dom ‘house’ + oligu ‘group’]
¶dolina - n - valley [‘hollow’ + fem. -ina]
¶Doliney - n - a popular travel guidebook [after its creator]
¶doly - a - hollow [DOLIS]
¶dom - n - house [DOMOS]
¶	dör domán  in public
¶	řo im domán  not at home; (upper class) not willing to see you
¶	núnece řo im domán  not presently at home; (upper class) come back later
¶	až domán  away from home
¶Dománavo - n - Cuzeian name [domānavas ‘generosity’]
¶dombričan - a - magnanimous, generous; large-hearted, noble [DOMERES ITIRAN ‘large heart’]
¶domil - a - domestic [DOMIL]
¶domlim - n - snail— small, shelled slug-like creature [‘house-slug’]
¶domsfahe - n - dialect, patois [‘house-speech’]
¶domyaso - n - bacon [‘back-meat’]
¶domžina - n - chambermaid [‘house-girl’]
¶don- - v - past root for dan ‘give’
¶donculë - n - hospitality, generosity [‘house-receiving’]
¶donculëse - n - hospitable
¶doni - n - giving; gift; a giving nature
¶dónia - n - wax [DONGA]
¶donta - n - block of houses; cell (anatomical); (computers) block of memory [DOMOTA, collective of DOMOS ‘house’]
¶dontafil - n - chromosome [‘cell thread’]
¶donul - n - gift, present; spiritual gift [‘given’]
¶	Donulî  Pentecost
¶donyoš - n - candle
¶	So donyoš e seltavul?  Do you get it now?
¶donyošom - n - candlemaker
¶dör - prep - out; outside; outside of [OV {deörn}, from DE UERAN ‘on the outside’]
¶dörán - adv - outward
¶döriasni - n - outer thigh
¶dörloën - vt ø - rent, used of the lessee [‘out-rent’]
¶	dörloëc  renter, tenant
¶	dörloën atunim atüčin  rent an apartment from a rascal
¶dörmetan - vt - dismiss, put out, send away [‘put out’]
¶	Eř dörmetai  You are dismissed
¶dörmeto - n - dismissal
¶dormi - n - sleep
¶dormir - vi Pt - sleep [DORMIR]
¶	Dormreeu pro peren dënán  You slept for the whole day
¶dorot - n - pleasant prophecy, omen; sign, signal [DOROŤ]
¶dörsemizi - n - outer arm
¶döršetir - vt ø - spend [‘buy out’]
¶dos - n - back [DORSOS]
¶dosadan - vi Ag - turn around, reverse; retreat [dos fasadán ‘back to front’]
¶dosán - adv - backward
¶dosic - n - corridor, hallway; aisle (pl. dosisî) [DOCIC ‘leading’]
¶dosmišu - n - backpack, knapsack [‘back-sack’]
¶dotoni - n - thumb [DOTONDIS ‘big finger’]
¶draba - n - horseradish— a thick, spicy root [DRABA, from Munkhâshi drabma; the plant is native to Sarnáe]
¶drac - n - dragon— large flying reptile, lives in mountains and plains (pl. drasî) [DRACOR]
¶dresir - vt - train (animals) [DRAECIR ‘tame’]
¶dresom - n - trainer
¶drocen - vt - pluck (stringed instruments) [imitative; attested in OV as {tröcen, trocen}, probably altered to fit with {dronen}]
¶droďë - a - auspicious [OV {doroťiye} ‘well-omened’]
¶droë - n - right, power, authority
¶droëë - a - rightful, lawful, having the right
¶	naž droëë  rule de jure
¶drona - n - guitar [imitative]
¶dronen - vt ø - strum, play (music)
¶dronul - n - stringed instrument
¶drote - interj - gee! to the right!
¶drožy - n - yeast [DROGIS]
¶druk - n - friend [OV {derúk}, diminutive abbr. of {deriyé} ‘supporter’, from DEREC ‘back up, support’]
¶drukát - n - friendship
¶druke - a - friendly
¶drukul - n - (colloq.) friend, amigo
¶drukule - a - (colloq.) chummy, nice
¶dširen - vt/vi Pt - rip [imitative]
¶du - v - they give (cf. dan) 
¶dubi - n - doubt [DUBITIR]
¶dubir - vt ø - doubt
¶dugel - n - lure; bait
¶dugir - vt - lure, attract [dynamic tenses of DUGER ‘desire’]
¶duhe - n - steam, vapor [DUȞE]
¶duhnavira - n - steamship
¶duhniru - n - steamship [earlier niru ab duhen]
¶duisec - n - helmsman, leader; (Endajué) dzusey
¶duisir - vt ø - lead, drive; steer; head for; (slang) swipe [DUCIR ‘steer’]
¶	zet duisir  behave; head for
¶	zet duisir mesece (+dat.)  treat someone well
¶	Ce-imfát řo šri zet duisir  That child has no manners
¶	Duisiro soan nezin!  Head for the island!
¶duisnáe - n - an Endajué seminary [nativization of dzusnar]
¶duisom - n - driver
¶duisomora - n - traffic [collective of ‘driver’]
¶dul - a - given, gift (OV name element) 
¶dúlia - n - (Avéle) worship service [Greek]
¶Dulau - n - Cuzeian name [dulāu ‘duty’]
¶dum - n - note, memorandum, annotation, thought [back-formation from DUMEC ‘think’]
¶dumora - n - notebook, folder; (financial) account 
¶duna - n - chapter; scene [DUNNA, from Cuêzi {dunnâ}, a ‘movement’ of plot or character]
¶dunalál - n - planet— small, moving astronomical object [DUNALALDOS, from Cuêzi {dunalaldas} ‘moving star’]
¶	dunalál tšurec - comet
¶dunea - n - energy— movement and heat; as opposed to matter and spirit [DUNEIA, from Cuêzi {dunēyas}, abstracted form of dunas ‘movement’]
¶duneise - a - physical
¶duneviso - n - physics [‘study of energy’]
¶dunetene - a - energetic
¶dungo - n - a small silver coin of Caizura and Lebcaizura [Caizuran, ‘one half’; cf. Cuêzi {dunagāu}]
¶dunise - a - double [Cuêzi {duna} ‘two’]
¶dupor - n - stork, heron [DUPOR]
¶dur - a - hard; crust (of bread, etc.) [DUR]
¶duresa - n - hardness
¶durgrimec - n - dentist, tooth remover [‘tooth-puller’]
¶duri - n - tooth; blade (of sword) [DURRIS]
¶	colir durem zië  teethe
¶durim - n - (Ct slang) penis [’hard’ + dim.]
¶dürí - n - credit [Keb. dyrḣi from dy ‘up’ + reḣi ‘count’]
¶dürio - n - asset [Keb. dyriḣa ‘what is credited’]
¶Durion - n - God of Rock (1st Age mythology) [DURREON, from DUR ‘hard’]
¶durnë - a - bad [DURENGES]
¶durnëžánul - a - unwelcome [‘badly come’]
¶durnil - a - malign, malicious, pernicious; malignant, virulent
¶	durnila použe  an unhealthy or ominous place 
¶durnkuna - n - extortion [‘bad money’]
¶durnkunom - n - extortioner
¶durok - n - wart [OV ‘little hard thing’]
¶duroš - n - toothbrush [‘thing for teeth’]
¶dus - n - rudder [DUSC]
¶dusom - n - pilot, helmsman
¶duroro - n - (Ct) mayor [DUSORION]
¶duše - n - fragrant, aromatic [DUSIES, from DUSIER ‘be fragrant’]
¶dušic - n - perfume, fragrance (pl. dušisî) [DUSIEC ‘something fragrant’]
¶duta - n - doll [babytalk for druk]
¶duya - conj - therefore [DUHA]
¶düpol - n - space station [Keb. dypol ‘sky city’, calque on DU term]
¶düzede - n - space shuttle [Keb. dyezede ‘space railway’]
¶dva- - prefix - two (combination form) 
¶dvadec - # - twenty [OV {ftedec}, from PTEDECT, contaminated by {tvedec} ‘thirty’]
¶dvaředao - n - conversion
¶dvaředec - vi ø -  convert (beliefs) [‘second belief’] 
¶dvařizo - n - binary (base) [‘two-base’]
¶dvanes - n - twin [‘two born’]
¶dvase - n - alter ego, twin self [‘two-me’]
¶dvažoc - n - (slang) menstruation [‘twenty-eight’]
¶dy - conj - that, than [DIA]
¶dyezede - n - (Er.) space shuttle [Keb.]
¶dyos - a - (MV slang) quick, lickety-split [Flaidish {jos}]
¶dytiel - n - (Er.) comsat [Keb.]
¶dyušše - a - lustful
¶dyute - a - (MV slang) naked [Wesaitan]
¶dyuž - n - lust, desire; urge
¶dyužer - vt ø - lust for, desire [DUGER ‘desire, covet’]
¶	Dyužu ce-žayem  I’m hot for that babe
¶dzuy - n - (Er., Xurnese System) basic unit of volume .44 liter
¶/Ď
¶ďac - n - wind (pl. ďasî) [ĎAIKOS]
¶ďacse - n - windy
¶ďalan - vt - enrich, enhance [ĎALAN]
¶	Soa alaďea er so zer ďalu so elir  Music and pizza enrich life
¶ďalašte - a - elegant, stylish [ĎALASTES ‘finest, richest’]
¶ďalašteca - n - elegance, style
¶ďalir - n - (Ct slang) mark, victim [after the murdered empeor]
¶ďam - n - error, mistake
¶Ďamano - n - Eleďe name [OV {Ďamiano}]
¶Ďamari - n - Eleďe name [OV {Ďamari}]
¶ďamir - vi Ag - err, make a mistake [ĎAMIR]
¶	Ďameu  You are mistaken
¶ďamleleë - n - criticism, fault-finding
¶ďamlelen - vt ø - criticize, find fault [‘see errors’]
¶ďampauto - n - sweater [‘woolen cloak’]
¶ďan - n - wool [ĎANNOS]
¶Ďanël - n - Eleďe name [OV {Ďaniel}]
¶Ďanëli - n - Eleďe name [OV {Ďaniela}]
¶ďaneme - n - velvet [OV {ďannesme} ‘wool-like’]
¶ďanvena - n - llama— large wooly herbivore, native to mountains [‘wooly deer’]
¶ďaonáe - n - washroom [‘clean place’]
¶ďare - a - sober, even-tempered [ĎAHRES]
¶Ďarea - n - Eleďe name [OV {Ďareia}]
¶Ďareo - n - Eleďe name [OV {Ďareio}]
¶ďaresa - n - sobriety
¶ďarim - a - wild, untamed, natural; (music) microtonal, typical of Lácatur or Barakhún [Bar. {dharim}, from ĎORIND, ‘suffering a god-induced insanity’]
¶ďárimac - n - wilderness; underground
¶ďarimora - n - Barakhinei/Lácaturian decaphonic scale, or their musical tradition; (colloq.) cacophony
¶ďarimát - n - grandeur, wild beauty
¶ďasc - n - bladder [reborrowing of ĎASCOS ‘pouch’]
¶ďascima - n - gland [reborrowing of ĎASCIMA ‘small pouch’]
¶ďaš - n - pocket [ĎASCOS ‘pouch’]
¶ďat - n - sign, omen [ĎAITOS ‘omen’]
¶ďaulát - n - cleanliness
¶ďaule - a - clean [late Caďinor *ĎAHULES ‘proper’, from ĎAHES ‘correct’]
¶Ďavíd - n - Eleďe name [OV {Ďaviď}]
¶ďaye - a - correct, right [ĎAHES]
¶	soa ďaye  the right way 
¶	suvan soa ďaya  be right
¶ďayecrivan - vt ø - spell [‘write right’]
¶	šrifec ďayecrivan  know how to spell
¶ďayecrivát - n - spelling
¶ďëfku - n - monster
¶Ďeknam - n - Dhekhnam [Dhekhnami Dhêçnam ‘pure land’]
¶ďekname - n - Dhekhnami
¶ďelát - n - difference, a change
¶	Řo lelu suim ďelát  I don’t see any change
¶ďeler - vi Pt - differ [ĎELER]
¶	ďelec  different
¶	Bura ďele co Ertalan  Bura differs from Ertala
¶ďeletá - n - dessert [‘what varies’] 
¶ďeltan - vi Pt - change [OV {ďeldan} ‘give to differ’, modified to fit {ďelte, ďeletá}]
¶	Soa selta ďelte  The light is changing
¶	Řo epei šesan ďeltan redelcen  You can’t change a woman
¶ďelte - a - changing, varying, changed [reborrowing of ĎELTES ‘differing’]
¶ďeltec - n - variable 
¶ďeltesa - n - change in the abstract, or long-term; cf. ďelát; (math) function
¶Ďemečo - n - Eleďe name [OV {Ďemetrio}]
¶ďer - n - door [ĎER]
¶ďeratún - n - vestibule, antechamber, lobby [‘door-room’]
¶ďerul - n - hatch, hinged lid
¶ďes - a - several
¶ďëse - a - flat, horizontal; plain, homely [ĎIESES ‘straight, smooth’, from ĎIAN; cf. ďiec]
¶ďëska - n - tile; (computers) chip [‘little flat thing’]
¶	mašrë ďëska  CPU
¶ďëslota - n - barge [‘flat boat’]
¶ďësura - n - paving, pavement; stone facing [ĎIESURA ‘smoother’]
¶ďësuren - vt ø - pave, face with stone
¶	prosia ďësurul  paved street
¶ďeš - n - tattoo [Dhekhnami dhnêsh]
¶ďešan - vt - tattoo
¶	zet ďešan  get oneself tattooed
¶ďev - n - harm, damage, injury
¶ďevan - vt - harm, damage, injure [ĎEBRAN]
¶ďezgorat - n - pyramid [‘flat tower’]
¶ďiacon - n - (Avéle) deacon [Greek]
¶Ďic - n - a god of the underworld, entrusted with keeping the dead from the living
¶ďiec - n - race (pl. ďiesî) [OV {ďiec, ďieca}, from ĎIAN ‘extend in a straight line’]
¶ďiecer - vt ø - race 
¶ďiecnáe - n - racetrack
¶ďiloran - vt - forgive, pardon [reborrowing of ĎILORAN ‘put aside’, from ĎILA ‘aside’]
¶	Řo epne ďiloran řocepelát lië  She couldn’t forgive his unfaithfulness (acc.)
¶	Ac ďilorne miran lië  But she forgave his mother (dat.)
¶ďiloresa - n - forgiveness, pardon
¶ďin - # - three [DIN]
¶ďinát - n - trinity
¶ďincota - n - triangle; the pubic hair
¶ďincotul - a - triangular
¶ďise - n - bat— small nocturnal, flying, rodent-like mammal [DASCO ĎICEI ‘Ďic’s animal’]
¶ďitel - n - road [ĎITEL, ‘that which extends’, from ĎIAN; cf. ďiec]
¶ďitelán - adv - ahead, onward, forth
¶ďitelát - n - engineering [‘roadmaking’]
¶ďitelom - n - engineer
¶ďol - n - size [ĎOULOS]
¶ďoldimo - n - volume [‘size-amount’]
¶	čima ďoldimei  cubic čima
¶ďom - n - stone (OV name element) [ĎOMILE]
¶ďond - n - stillness
¶ďonde - a - still, quiet [reborrowing of ĎONDES]
¶Ďonušo - n - Eleďe name [OV {Ďionusio}]
¶Ďorca - n - Eleďe name [OV {Ďorca}]
¶ďorina - n - passion [ĎORINIA ‘insanity given by the gods’]
¶ďuďa - n - drool, dribble
¶ďuďir - vi Ag - drool, dribble [imitative]
¶ďul - a - smooth [ĎUL]
¶	ďula [šerë]  ale, a creamy, smooth-tasting, honey-colored beer
¶ďumát - n - masonry
¶ďumatom - n - mason
¶ďumë - n - stone; ballot— because stones are used in Verdurian voting [ĎOMILE]
¶ďumëbenda - n - statue [‘stone-work’]
¶ďumëgórži - n - gargoyle [‘stone-throat’]
¶ďumete - a - stony, stone
¶ďumeza - n - quarry [ĎOMENSA]
¶ďumise - a - strong, determined, patient [ĎOMISES]
¶ďumpalel - n - lesbian lovemaking [‘two-fondling’]
¶ďun - # - two; pair; twins; both [ĎUN]
¶	hicet ďunië  even number
¶	hicet řo ďunië  odd number
¶ďuncöre - a - misanthropic, uncharitable, disgusted with the world [‘stone-hearted’, i.e. unempathetic]
¶ďuncrur - n - biped [‘two-leg’]
¶ďunitire - a - duplicitous, double-dealing; insincere [‘two-spirited’]
¶ďunmišekse - a - ugly as sin [‘two-bagger’]
¶ďunmizo - n - parallelism [‘say twice’]
¶ďunnenë - n - isosceles [‘two same’]
¶ďunröma - n - the plural number [‘two-count’]
¶ďunröme - a - plural
¶ďunvolemát - n - ambivalence
¶ďunvoleme - a - ambivalent[‘two-willing’, i.e. ‘of two wills’]
¶ďuro - n - flagon; Verdurian unit of volume, equal to 13.7 fluid ounces [ĎUROR ‘wide-mouthed n - flask, from ĎUREC ‘widen, open out’]
¶ďuvë - n - frown [ĎUBRILE]
¶ďuven - vi Ag - frown [ĎUBREN, from ĎUOS ‘a frown’]
¶ďuvësäm - a - suspicious, untrustworthy, louche [‘to be mistrusted’]
¶ďuvëse - a - suspicious, mistrustful, hostile, on one’s guard [‘frownful’]
¶ďuvësë - n - suspiciousness, lack of trust, hostility
¶ďuvësir - vt Pt - mistrust, feel uneasy with; be on one’s guard against
¶/E
¶e - v - is (cf. esan)
¶	E ďunî zonî  Two years ago
¶	Řo e isu čaë  There isn’t enough tea
¶ë - n invar - the fourth letter of the Verdurian alphabet, E <tt>E</tt> [IE]
¶ë- - prefix - seven (combination form)
¶Eärdur - n - the Eärdur river [ERAUDOR]
¶ebdu - n - troll [Bar. {ebdûn} from Elkarîl {ebdunmak} ‘excavation-stealer’]
¶ebrák - n - apprentice [Kačanzayin ebrac ‘newcomer’, from LEBTRACTUL; see epražo]
¶	voitec še ebrák  become an apprentice
¶ebrakát - n - apprenticeship
¶	cumpogan ebrakát zië  to finish one’s apprenticeship
¶ebrene - a - Jewish
¶ebreo - n - Jew [OV {Hebraios}, from Greek Ἑβραῖος]
¶ebreřon - n - Hebrew [‘Jewish language’]
¶ec - interj - hey!  well!
¶Ecačine - n - Eleďe name [OV {Aicaterine}]
¶ecaë - a - horrible [ENCAILES]
¶ecai - n - horror [ENCAIS]
¶ecelóg - n - adverb (pl. eceloži) [‘word with -ece]
¶eceložise - a - adverbial
¶eciman - vi Ag - hiccup [dim. of HECCAN]
¶ecimul - n - hiccup
¶ëclaë - n - glaring; brightness, glare [‘eye-brightness’]
¶eclesa - n - (Avéle) church [Greek]
¶ecluré - n - brothel, esp. an upscale one; Kebreni house of pleasures [Keb. {eklurei}]
¶ecluroma - n - courtesan, demimondaine
¶ecopa - n - osprey (diving river bird) [EICOPAS, from Cuêzi]
¶Ectana - n - a tributary of the Eärdur, in the Nasuael swamp [ECTANDA]
¶ecun - hero or pawn in ecunî or other games [Cuêzi {ecūnas}]
¶Ecuna - n - Cuzeian name (m) [ecūnas ‘hero’]
¶Ecune - n - Cuzeian name [ecūnei ‘heroine’]
¶ecunî - n - knights-and-kings, an ancient chess-like board game (pl.; compare acc. ecuni) [ECUNIT, from Cuêzi {ecūni narrûi-to} ‘heroes and kings’]
¶ečitan - vi Ag - awaken [HETITAN]
¶	šesan ečitan  wake someone
¶	Ya ečitne  He’s awake
¶ečom - n - grammar school [ETROMOS]
¶ečomoro - n - schoolmaster [ETROMORION]
¶ečomu - n - student, school child [‘school-child’]
¶ečomul - a - schooled, having completed grammar school 
¶eda - n - Verdurian unit of length, equivalent to 3.51 mm [HAEDA ‘stem’]
¶ëdič - n - spell, enchantment [back-formation from ëdičan]
¶ëdičan - vt - bewitch [ERDITREN ‘cast a spell’, from ERDIS ‘spell’]
¶	Tu et ëdidne  I’ve been bewitched
¶ëdiči - n - witch [ERDITIS]
¶edirau - n - (Avéle) holiday [Keb. {ebdirau}]
¶Edon - n - a tributary of the Eärdur, in the Western Wild [EDONDOS]
¶edra - n - ivy [HAEDERA]
¶Eduela - n - the shaping aspect of the creator (1st age mythology) [EIDURELA]
¶eď - n invar - the nineteenth letter of the Verdurian alphabet, Ď <tt>ƒ</tt> [Caď. ĎAȞ; modified to parallel koď in alphabet poem]
¶efar - n - (archaic) lord [AEFAR]
¶Efrat - n - Efrat river in Ismahi [EPRANTOS, from Meť. {Evrando} ‘red water’]
¶eftäpu - n - tag (game) [OV {ef ataupu}, babytalk for ‘catch me’]
¶eglér - n - praise
¶eglérec - vt ø - praise [EGLEREC]
¶	egleräm  laudable
¶egre - a - sour; alchemy acid; (music) major, sharp by a semitone [AECRES ‘sharp-tasting’ from AECA ‘spike’]
¶egula - n - needle [diminutive of OV {ega} ‘spike’ from AECA]
¶egulát - n - sewing
¶egulen - vt ø - sew
¶egusfer - n - hedgehog, porcupine— small herbivore defended with spines [‘needle-beast’]
¶ehehe - n - neigh [imitative]
¶ehehen - vi Ag - neigh
¶ei - v - thou art (cf esan)
¶eidolo - n - form, outline, shape; idol; puppet  [reborrowing of EIDOLO]
¶eidoloviso - n - geometry [‘shape-study’]
¶einalandaua - n - angel, eternal spirit [Cuêzi {einalandāua} ‘first spirit’]
¶Einatu - n - Einatu, the Archangel Michael [Cuêzi {Einātu}, from }eine} ‘first’]
¶ek - n invar - the seventh letter of the Verdurian alphabet, K <tt>K</tt> [EK]
¶	soî sues ek  the five K’s of journalism (kio, ke, ket, ktë, kiam, kiel)
¶Ekaia - n - Ekaia, Satan, the leader of the fallen Einalandauî [Cuêzi {Ecaîas}]
¶eko - n - (MV slang) nuke [abbr. KO]
¶el - n - center; a  central, medium; (music) tritone, four-note heptatonic interval [EL]
¶	el čildonë  arithmetic mean
¶	el muatëi  median
¶Elas - n - Greece [Greek Hellas]
¶elcar - n - dwarf, elcar [reborrowing of ELCAR, from Cuêzi {elcár}, from Elkarîl {elkar}]
¶	breve com elcarán elcarei  very short [‘like an elcar’s elcar’]
¶elcarřon - n - Elkarîl, the elcarin language
¶elcarin - a - dwarvish, elcarin
¶	sel elcarin  blue vitriol, copper sulphate [supplied by the elcarî]
¶	verde sel elcarin  green vitriol, iron sulphate
¶elcarinul - n - sulphate [‘little elcarin’]
¶Elcarináe - n - Elkarinor, land of the elcarî [loan-translation of Bar. {Elkarinor}]
¶elcuré - n - (Avéle) Kebreni pleasure house; brothel [Keb. {eklurei}]
¶elčena - n - lunch— i.e. a light meal at noontime, typical of the city [‘middle meal’]
¶elčenen - vi Ag - lunch
¶eldën - n - noon [‘middle of the day’]
¶ele- - a - free (OV name element) [ELEUS]
¶eléaku - n - substance, material; composition [Cuêzi {elēacu}]
¶	eléaku [pro uveren]  cloth
¶Eleď - n - Eleď, the Begotten of Iáinos; in Eleďát, the second Person of the Trinity, the Messiah [EILEĎAN, from Cuêzi {Eīledan}]
¶Eleďát - n - the religion worshipping Eleď and Iáinos, formed of the union of Arašát— the worship of Iáinos going back to Cuzeian times— and the Elenicoi of Érenat
¶eleďe - a - Eleďe, Christian
¶	soa Eleďë tagia  the Eleďe dynasty (3241-3301)
¶Eleďom - n - worshipper of Eleď; follower of Eleďát
¶Elena - n - Eleďe name [OV {Helene}]
¶elenice - n - Greek
¶Elenico - n - Greek; follower of Mihel before the Council of Avéla [Greek Ἑλληνικός]
¶Elesa - n - Elesa, capital of ancient Cuzei [ELEISA, from Cuêzi {Eleisa}]
¶eleura - n - a silver coin of Guaya [Eř dialect, ‘freedom’]
¶eleutát - n - frankness, freedom, openness
¶eleute - a - frank, free, open, generous [reborrowing of ELEUTES ‘free’, from ELEUS ‘free man’]
¶eliá - n - olive [HELGAIOS]
¶Elia - n - Eleďe name (m) [OV {Helia}]
¶Elia - n - Eleďe name (f) [OV {Elia}]
¶eliata - n - olive grove [OV {helata}, modified to match ‘olive’; from HELGAITA, collective of ‘olive’]
¶elil - a - vigorous [ELIL ‘full of life’]
¶elilát - n - vigor
¶elir - n - life [ELIR]
¶elirát - n - vitality, liveliness, life; life essence, spark of life
¶eliril - a - alive, animate, vital; in the counted row of a metta; in play, active
¶elirec - vi Ag - live [ELIREC]
¶eliriviso - n - biology [‘life-study’]
¶Elisave - n - Eleďe name [OV {Elisaveta}]
¶Eliveri - n - Midwinter’s Day [‘middle-winter’]
¶elnamë - n - platinum [ELEINAMIEIS, from Cuêzi {elēinamiēi} ‘mistress of elements’]
¶elnočy - n - midnight [‘middle-night’]
¶elnora - adv - still, yet; some more [AELAN ȞORAN ‘to this hour’]
¶	elnora er elnora  again and again
¶	tot elnora!  do it again!
¶eloria - n - empire [ELORIA ‘kingdom’]
¶eloro - n - (Ct) king [ELORION]
¶elordalu - n - emperor [‘empire king’]
¶elrise - a - imperial [ELORISES ‘royal’]
¶elrei - n - queen [ELOREIS]
¶	elrei mare  the wife of a king; the King’s Consort
¶Elšoru - n - Enddark (holiday) [‘middle-darkness’]
¶eluá - interj - behold; here is, here are; so!, well [LEILUAT ‘let it be seen’]
¶	Eluá fue nočy  Night fell
¶	Eluá ya läzne  So he’s gone
¶eludëno - adv - today [AELUDENNOŤ ‘on this day’]
¶elusir - vi Ag - vote [ELUCIR ‘mark, tag’]
¶elusigués - n - republic [‘vote-power’]
¶elusigueste - a - republican, electoral
¶elusio - n - vote
¶elut - n - lawfulness, fair play, order; community; justice; ethics [AELUŤ ‘virtue’]
¶elutë - a - lawful; just, fair [AELUŤRES]
¶Eluyemakšy - n - Southern barbarian [Combination of Eluyet Eluyek and Makšik, names of the two principal Southern tribes]
¶Elzon - n - Midyear’s Day [‘mid-year’]
¶emai! - interj - hello! [colloq. *EMAIT ‘greetings’, from *EMAOS ‘greeting’, from EMAO ‘I say’]
¶Emanél - n - Eleďe name [OV {Emmanuel}]
¶emayec - vi Ag - greet [from emai]
¶	zen emayec  greet each other
¶	emayec pro Rahelin  ask after Raheli
¶	Emayao cira lë ab sen  Say hello your wife for me
¶embre - n - bitter; alchemy alkaline; (music) minor, flat by a semitone [AMRES]
¶embrezihe - n - raspberry [‘bitter berry’]
¶emel - n - purchase
¶emec - vt ø - buy [EMEC ‘say’, later ‘haggle’]
¶	Encao ci-ris pro anán ořulan  I bought this seed for one gold piece
¶Emia - n - Eleďe name [OV {Aemilia}]
¶Emio - n - Eleďe name [OV {Aemilio}]
¶emur - n - an alloy of silver and tin, often used for coins [HAEMUR]
¶emura - n - a small emur coin of Verduria, worth 1/12 fale; similar coins in Krasnaya, Viminia, Caizura, or Denisovič
¶en - n - (music) abbr. for Enäron, note 1
¶enalir - vi Ag - (colloq.) go away [of unknown origin]
¶Enäron - n - God of Air and Lord of the Gods; (music) 1st note of a scale, fixed D [ENDAURON]
¶	čine Enäronei  poker face
¶	labir Enäron  die, meet St. Pete
¶	išet com Enäronán  solemn as a judge
¶endi - n - wood; woodwind instrument; violin bow [ENDIS]
¶endivyón - n - violin, fiddle [‘bow-lyre’; referring to the wooden bow]
¶endya - n - carpentry
¶endyom - n - carpenter
¶enil - a - quiet, shy, timid [ENDIL]
¶enkaš - n - fear (variant of nkaš)
¶Ënomai - n - Ënomai, the sun of Almea [IENOMAIS]
¶Enotivo - n - Cuzeian name [enōtivas ‘sojourner’]
¶enšeyne - n - duck— smaller relative of gäs [ENILA SCENGE ‘quiet fowl’ (ironic)]
¶enttrane - n - woodcutting [‘cut wood’]
¶enttranom - n - woodcutter
¶enyatát - n - shamanism
¶enyato - n - shaman [Yamda {emyahto}]
¶eo - v - you (pl.) are (cf. esan)
¶-eon - n - clan (OV name element) [-TEION]
¶epan - vi Ag - can, to be able to [EPESAN]
¶	Epei attróuen ce-scorsam?  Can you reach that branch?
¶epesát - n - thickness
¶epese - a - thick [ESPICES]
¶epesec - n - conditional tense [EPESEC, present participle of ‘to be able to’]
¶Epete - n - Cuzeian name [epetei ‘singer’]
¶epöl - n - shoulder [ESPUEL]
¶epražo - n - newcomer [back-formation from OV {eptražul}, from colloquial Caď. LEBTRACTUL ‘newly dragged in’]
¶epüa - n - spear, lance [ESPUILA]
¶epüen - vt - spear 
¶er - conj - and; both; plus [ER]
¶	er so mudray er soa viminë  both the wise man and the Viminian
¶	ďun er ďun eu pan  two plus two is five
¶er - n - south [AER]
¶Erasto - n - Eleďe name [OV {Erasto}]
¶ërece - adv - in fact, actually, really [IERES ‘dull’]
¶erél - n - cranberry [ERESLOS]
¶Ereláe - n - the continent containing Verduria [ERAMALEIA, metathesis for ERALAMEIA ‘south Almea’, i.e. the southern hemisphere, or the human world as a whole]
¶Eren - a river in Érenat [EREN]
¶	so (řon) Erenei  the modern language of Érenat
¶eren - a - Érenati
¶Érenat - a country of the littoral [ERENANTOS]
¶erenom - n - Érenati
¶erénica - n - purge; purgative [EREINECA]
¶	dan erénica  give purgative
¶Éres - n - Cuzeian name [Eressos ‘westerner’]
¶Eretald - n - the South of Almea; the Caďinorian plain [‘South-plain’]
¶Erito - n - a tributary of the Eärdur, in Benécia [ERIDETO]
¶ermát - n - shallowness
¶erme - a - shallow [EREMES]
¶ernum - n - south [‘south-direction’]
¶erotál - adv - furthermore, moreover, as well as [‘and also’]
¶eroz - n - (Ct slang) lookout, scout [Curiyan ’eagle’]
¶Erruk - n - the castle of Erruk [‘south-keep’]
¶Ertala - n - (m) a king of Ctésifon; (slang) someone stupid who doesn’t know it
¶erüza - n - cinnabar, mercuric sulphide [*ERUIDIAS, variant of ERUIDAS, from Cuêzi ‘reddener’, from {ruyisi} ‘red’]
¶erüzula - n - litharge, lead oxide, PbO [‘little cinnabar’, from its color]
¶	erüzula ogudula  minium, lead oxide, Pb3O4 [‘roasted litharge’]
¶Ervëa - n m - Caďinorian emperor, vanquisher of Munkhâsh [AERIVILEAS] 
¶	com Ervëan  rich, loaded
¶	pro Ervëan  fit for a king
¶eř - pr - you (acc.)
¶eřre - pr - (MV slang) you 
¶eř - n invar - the eighth letter of the Verdurian alphabet, Ř <tt>‰</tt> [by analogy with ek]
¶esan - vi Pt - to be (irregular: present ai, ei, e, am, eo, eu; past predicative fuai, fuei, fue, fuam, fuo, fueu; past existential esnai, esnei, esne, esnam, esno, esnu) [ESAN]
¶	esli ešelai dalu  if I were king
¶	e ďinî zonî  three years ago
¶	Fuáy e, dy esne...  Once upon a time there was...
¶	E et  It’s me
¶	Esne mudray  There was a wise man
¶	Fue mudray  He was wise
¶	E řovižiäm dy pluyrete  It’s unlikely that it will rain
¶	E so uestu ke čümse ab porom  This is the man who stinks of green onion
¶	E uestu dy čümse ab porom  There is a man who stinks of green onion
¶	E dy vulu žöhei  I would like some mead
¶esar - n - prefect of a district [ESARȞ]
¶escaë - n - carpet [Curiyan eskalge; originally a slang term]
¶escatelë - n - tapestry [‘fine carpet’]
¶esce - adv - is it that; whether [ES KEDA ...? ‘it is when...?’]
¶Esčambra - n - the Verdurian Parliament [‘great council’]
¶esčambrom - n - senator, member of Parliament
¶esďitel - n - highway [‘great-road’]
¶esë - pron - my (gen. of se)
¶esea - n - presence [ESEIA ‘being, existence’]
¶esec - n - present tense [ESEC ‘being’]
¶Eseo - n - Eleďe name [OV {Hesaia}]
¶esey - n - try
¶eseyer - vt ø - try [ECILER]
¶	eseyer tróuen so lukul  try to find the guilty party
¶	Eseyereu ci-zeri  Try these flatcakes
¶esli - conj - if 
¶esta - n m - summer [AESTAS]
¶estair - vt ø - exult, exalt; (math) raise to a power
¶estát - n - greatness; (math) square, power of a number
¶	estát lë  ‘your greatness’— form of address for nobles  
¶	nib estát  exponential (arbitrary power)
¶	estát po nibán  logarithm (arbitrary base)
¶	estát po dec  logarithm base 10
¶	telne estát  logarithm base e
¶este - a - great [ESISTES]
¶	este par  the square of four
¶	tvere este par  the cube of four
¶	este mil  one million
¶esteai - n - exultation [este ai, ‘great am I’]
¶estecäh - n - alligator— large, fierce, long-mouthed predatory lizard [‘great-lizard’]
¶estitian - n - genius [‘great-spirit’]
¶estre - a - summery [reborrowing of AESTRES]
¶esyule - a - dear [‘my little one,’ from esë  ‘my’ + -ul- diminutive suffix]
¶ešahe - n - sermon, address [‘great-speech’]
¶ešahen - vi Ag - preach
¶	ešahen cum soan orestan  preach the truth 
¶ešcontana - n - grand county
¶ešcurana - n - primacy [‘great-curacy’]
¶ešcüre - n - primate
¶ešec - n - failure; dilemma, roadblock; stumbling block
¶Éšena - n - Goddess of Water particularly associated with the Svetla (1st Age mythology) [ESCINA]
¶ešenalt - n - the small silver coin of Svetla, Bažra, Lapiri, or Pakšohan
¶ešenë - n - the large silver coin of Svetla, Bažra, Lapiri, Pakšohan, Cerei, and Hežina; the latter is properly called ešcenile [‘of Éšena’]
¶Eši - n - Goddess of Art; (music) 10th note of a scale, fixed B [ESCIS]
¶ešinyát - n - lovingkindness [‘great-kindness’]
¶Ešra - n - Eleďe name [OV {Esťera}]
¶ešro - n - bully [ESCRION ‘foreman’]
¶eššanát - n - possibility
¶eššane - adv - maybe; possible [OV {epsesan} ‘it may be’ = EPES ESAN]
¶ešuë - n - failing; substandard, unfit
¶ešui - n - failure; defeat; lack of success, misfortune; bad luck
¶ešuir - vt Ag - fail; lose [dynamic tenses of HESCIR]
¶	ešuir šendum  lose a game
¶	ešuir lelen soa aguma  fail to see the problem
¶	Ešureu prî piron esë  I failed my father— lit., in front of my father
¶et - pron - me (acc.)
¶eta - prep - about, concerning (takes nom.); n  topic, matter [ETA]
¶	eta šoî er dalî  about cabbages and kings
¶	Eta besya lië, ilet fäsre  As for his girlfriend, she left him 
¶etadan - vt - describe [ETADAN]
¶etadec - a, n - descriptive; (n) attribute, property
¶etadel - n - description 
¶etahicete - a - mathematical [‘about-numbers’]
¶etald - n - plain [ESTALDOS]
¶etaldete - a - relating to Eretald; post-Caďinorian
¶etalóg - n - adjective (pl. etaloži) [‘about-word’]
¶etaložise - a - adjectival
¶etama - n - pond, pool [AETANIMA dim. of ‘lake’]
¶etamizë - n - nominative case [‘talk about’]
¶etanël - a - Etanëist, socialist [after Celošo Etanë]
¶etani - n - lake [AETANIS]
¶etaperë - a - general [‘about the whole’]
¶	etaperece  generally
¶etasfahen - vt - refer to, speak of [‘speak about’]
¶etasosia - n - gossip
¶etasosir - vi Ag - gossip (ak) [‘whisper about’]
¶etasule - a - particular, specific, concrete [‘solely about’]
¶	etasulece  in particular
¶etaž - n - floor, storey
¶etec - n - dabbler, novice
¶etëlevi - n - gospel [OV {estë levi}  ‘good news’]
¶Eteodäole - n - Eteodäole, ilian language
¶etertót - n - argument [eto er tot, ‘this and that’]
¶etertotan - vi Pt - argue
¶	etertotan eta fsë  argue about everything
¶Eteya - n - Cuzeian name [eteîa ‘flower’]
¶Eti - n - Cuzeian name [Āeti ‘lake’]
¶Etinë - n - Cuzeian name [Etiniē]
¶etir - vi ag - dabble
¶etitrát - n - interest, curiosity
¶etitre - a - interesting [reborrowing of HETITRES ‘awakening’; see ečitan]
¶eto - pr - this one (etë eto eton) [AETTOS, from AE- ‘near’ + TOTOS]
¶etol - n - warehouse [ESTOL ‘cellar’]
¶etpe - pr - (MV slang) I, me
¶eu - v - they are (cf. esan)
¶eucar - n - miner [ELCAR ‘elcar’, hence ‘miner’]
¶eucarana - n - mine [ELCARANDA ‘place for elcarî’]
¶eucarát - n - mining
¶Eva - n - Eleďe name [OV {Eva}]
¶evede - n - route, trajectory, course
¶evís - n - the priest in ecunî; sometimes used for Cuzeian Knowers; (Ct slang) a short-term lover [Cuêzi {evissas}]
¶Evnica - n - Eleďe name [OV {Evnice}]
¶evranka - n - realgar, arsenic disulphide [EVRANȞRAS ‘realgar, minium’, from Meťaiun evranȟras ‘red mineral’, which comprehended also cinnabar]
¶ey! - interj - hey!  ho there!
¶eynleyno - n - an Eynleyni [Sarroc enlieno]
¶eyurcrivát - n - poetry; eloquence; literature [‘lovely-writing’]
¶eyure - a - poetic; literary; lovely, adorable [EILURES]
¶eyuren - vt Pt - adorn
¶eyurotá - n - bad poem
¶ez - prefix - (Er., Xurnese System) 1000
¶ezede - n - train [Keb. ‘carriage’ + collective] 
¶ezedom - n - engineer (driver of a train)
¶ezednáe - n - train station
¶Ezecio - n - Eleďe name [OV {Ezecia}]
¶ež - n invar - the 27th letter of the Verdurian alphabet, Ž <tt>¸</tt> [by analogy with ek]
¶	ež ismaë  Verdurian name for the ȥ used in Ismaîn <tt>¤</tt>
¶ež - n - a Xurnese gold coin, worth about 7.5 ořulî [Xurnese ej]
¶ežcud - a - ugly [OV slang {ežekudse} ‘homely’, from {ežekud} ‘home’, i.e. ‘the old familiar hole’]
¶eže - n - (slang) homey [from {ežesom}]
¶Eženiy - n - Eleďe name [OV {Evgenio}]
¶ežes - n - neighborhood [late colloquial *HECTENSOS ‘haunts’, from HECTES ‘familiar’]
¶	base ezeš  bad neighborhood; slum, ghetto
¶ežesom - n - homeboy, someone from the same place
¶ežonde - n - the large gold coin of Svetla, Cerei, or Hežina— the latter is properly called eždonde [‘of Aežon’]
¶/F
¶f- - prep prefix - all: fne, throughout
¶fäb - n - paint
¶faba - n - (MV slang) breast [Šɯk]
¶fäban - vt ø - paint [FAUBAN]
¶	zet fäban  take the blame
¶	fäban soa lácata  have a bloody fight
¶	fäban soem parnem  exaggerate
¶fäbát - n - painting (art or action)
¶fäbom - n - painter
¶fäboš - n - painting (object)
¶fäbrau - n - cosmetics, makeup
¶fäbrauir - vt ø - make up, apply cosmetics to [jocular expansion of fäban?]
¶	Ila zet fäbraue  She’s putting on her makeup
¶fäbroš - n - a cosmetic article, e.g. a cream or powder
¶fäbšue - a - tacky, ugly [‘badly painted’]
¶fac - n - yoke; bridle [FUACOS]
¶fäce - n - the past [FAUCAE ‘it has left’]
¶fäcete - a - past
¶facora - n - team, crew— orig. of oxen; extended to people [‘group of yokes’]
¶faďne - a - patient [FAĎENES, from FAĎAS ‘patience’]
¶faďnesa - n - patience
¶fafassec - vi - (Ct slang) bustle about [redup. of {fassec}]
¶fähe - a - able, capable, proficient [FAUȞES ‘potent, able’]
¶fäheca - n - ability, talent 
¶fai - n invar - the 24th letter of the Verdurian alphabet, F <tt>F</tt> [OV {fa}, from FAS; altered to contrast more with {sas, voi}]
¶faitan - vt - turn, make, make to become [FAET ‘he does’, used as an emphatic, esp. in legal language; from FAR ‘do’] 
¶	faitan plene  to make full, to fill
¶	zet faitan  get, become
¶	Ce-ivro et faitne gulere  That book made me angry
¶	Čečî faitmu azifse imfát lë  Candy will make your child fat
¶faitiru - n - transistor [‘machine to make a change’]
¶fako - n - compartment, box; package; political party; jail cell [FAȞUS ‘type of box’, from FAȞ ‘box’]
¶	desisec fako  the parliamentary opposition
¶falaře - a - military [FALAȞRES ‘soldierly’]
¶falata - n - army [FALAȞTA collective of FALAȞ ‘soldier’]
¶fale - a - white; of skin, the color of Xurnese and others from the far South; common name for the large silver coin in Verduria and other countries, esp. Célenor, Viminia, Lebcaizura, and Caizura (cf. aržent) [FALILES]
¶falek - n - pawn, game piece; (literary, historical) soldier [FALAȞ, reinterpreted in OV as a diminutive]
¶falen - vt ø - launder, do laundry
¶falez - n - cliff [FALENS]
¶faliöl - a - light (in color) [FALILUL ‘whitened’]
¶falilant - n - anemia [FALILANTOS ‘whiteness’]
¶faliorta - n - a type of Verdurian flower, similar to a daisy [‘white-flower’]
¶falis - n - laundry
¶falisom - n - launderer
¶falom - n - white man (colloq.); used by Verdurians of the Xurnese and Skourenes; men from Moreo Ašcai or Nan living in Verduria may call the Verdurians falomî, but it should be remembered that prejudice on Almea is religious rather than racial
¶falëpëža - n - dove— white, more man-shy relative of fëža [‘white-pigeon’]
¶fálšue - a - pale, whitish
¶fálšuec - vi Ag - cram, study
¶	Fálšuao cum soan plesčuran  I’m cramming history
¶fana - n - stream, brook [FANDA]
¶fandafro - n - cupboard, dresser, wardrobe [‘storage-furniture’]
¶fandoči - n - dimple [‘spirit-finger’, i.e. where a fant touched you]
¶fanir - vt Pt - store things; save money [PENIR]
¶fanka - n - brooklet, streamlet
¶fannáe - n - closet, store-room, pantry [‘storage place’]
¶fant - n - ghost, phantom; departed soul— note that Verdurian connotation is numinous, not ethereal; scruple  [FANTOS ‘soul’]
¶	Tenu fant ak corpin  I have a scruple against bribery
¶fanul - n - cabinet, chest
¶färan - vt - ferry, transport over water [FAURAN]
¶Fariseo - n - Pharisee [OV {Farisaio}]
¶farlota - n - ferryboat [{färan} ‘ferry’ + archaic {lota} ‘boat’]
¶fařima - n - cage [FAȞIMA ‘small box’]
¶farsir - vt - stuff [FARCIR]
¶	ferior farsul  stuffed chair
¶fasad - n - front [FASAD ‘in front’: ablative of FASA ‘front’]
¶fasadán - dv - forward
¶fasadia - n - advancement, progress
¶fasadir - vi Ag - advance progress
¶fasco - business, affairs; occupation, industry [reborrowing of FASCEO ‘things to do’]
¶	niruy fasco  manufacturing, the industrial sector
¶fascom - n - manufacturer
¶fascoš - n - affair, item
¶fascotene - a - busy [‘having affairs’]
¶fasil - a - easy [FASIL ‘simple, straightforward’, from FASA ‘front’]
¶	fasil com huvonán (or nuvan)  easy as pie
¶fasileca - n - ease, easiness, simplicity
¶fäsi - n - exit, leavetaking; breakup
¶fäsir - vt ø - leave, abandon; drop out of school [FAUCIR]
¶fassec - vi Ag - to do that (demonstrative verbal anaphor); vt  create, manufacture; make up (pres. tense IIIsg fas; past, past ant., cond. root fašš-) [FAR (roots FASC-, FASS-)]
¶	kiel zet fas  how things are done
¶	Ke fašše?  Who did that?
¶	Ilet dan frälinan óuandan? Se fasstao  Give it to the girl next door? I’ll do it
¶	Ihano čümse com šučan?  Ar, fas  Ihano stinks like a pig?  Yes, he does
¶fäsul - a - left, remaining; other; (n) remainder, rest; (music) comma, tiny interval caused by the fifth/octave discrepancy
¶	fäsula šalea  nitrogen
¶faš - n - anger
¶faše - a - angry [FASCISES ‘busy, agitated’]
¶fašer - vi Ag - be angry
¶	fašer ak soán imloëcán  be angry at the landlord
¶faunde - a - (Er. slang) scared [Sarroc ‘ghost’]
¶fayir - vi Pt - to be necessary [FAILIR]
¶	Faye dy prošaleei  It’s necessary for you to rest
¶	Ďesî aricoi tan fayü  We need some beans
¶fayul - a - necessary, essential, vital
¶fazis - n - (slang or MV) deadbeat, layabout [{fas-niš} ‘does nothing’]
¶fažolo - n - round bean— e.g. something like a lima bean or navy bean; ticket [due to custom of distributing colored beans as entrance tokens] [FAGIOLO]
¶fečel - n - (slang) boss, jefe [Flaidish {fetchel} ‘swallow’, play on {fedjel} ‘chief’]
¶fel - n - sail [PELOS]
¶felánt - n - (Sarsfahe) a small silver coin of Hežina [dialectal form of felát]
¶felát - n - sailing; the name of a small silver coin of Krasnaya, Solhai, or Curiya; also used for coins named pelant or felánt outside the countries involved[PELANTOS]
¶felec - vt ø - sail [PELEC]
¶Felic - n - Eleďe name [OV {Felics}]
¶felom - n - sailor
¶femát - n - roughness
¶feme - a - rough [FESMES]
¶fëon - n - platform; (Ct) boat deck [OV {ferron} ‘something that holds up’]
¶Ferénica - n - Eleďe name [OV {Ferenice}]
¶ferica - n - funeral (pl. ferisi) [PERICA ‘mourning’]
¶fericom - n - funeral director
¶	platir so fericom  kick the bucket, die
¶ferien - vt ø - bear, hold, support; (grammar) modify [FERIEN]
¶ferior - n - chair
¶fëre - n - solid [FERIRES ‘weighty’ from FERIEN ‘bear’]
¶fësil - n - parsley [PERSIL]
¶fesnap - n - particle accelerator [Festnap, Flaidish city where first one was built]
¶fëšo - n - ball, dance [FERSIO ‘party’]
¶fetöra - n - province, division, e.g. the primary divisions of the kingdom of Verduria; also ‘principality,’ used of some of the smaller states of the Plain [PEŤUERA, from PEŤEN ‘divide’]
¶fevát - n - (art of) carving
¶fevel - n - (a work of) carving
¶fevir - vt ø - carve [PEVIR]
¶fevom - n - carver
¶feyasa - n - pity [PEILAICA]
¶feyel - n - alms, charity [PEILEL nom. of ‘pity, show mercy’]
¶feyen - vt - pity [PEILEN]
¶	feyäm  pitiable, miserable, wretched
¶	zet feyen  complain
¶	Raheli ilet feyne eta so glupát lë  Raheli pitied him for his stupidity 
¶	Raheli zet feyne eta so glupát lë  Raheli complained about his stupidity
¶fëža - n - pigeon— medium-sized, dull-colored, herbivorous, urban bird, well-adapted to cities [PERICTA ‘pigeon’, orig. ‘funeral entourage’ (cf. ferica), because of the birds’ walking, flocking behavior]
¶fežir - vt - hurl, hurtle [PEGIR ‘throw’]
¶fi - n - (music) abbr. for Fidra, note 8
¶fičide - a - irritating the skin by contact [FITIDOS ‘poison ivy’]
¶fičidedra - n - poison ivy [FITIDOS + ‘ivy’]
¶fičidel - n - skin irritant
¶Fidra - n - Goddess of Night; (music) 8th note of a scale, fixed A [FIDORA]
¶fidren - n - the third day of the week [OV, ‘Fidra’s day’]
¶Fiemo - n - Eleďe name [OV {Filemo}]
¶fifačic - n - personal attendant (pl. fifačisî) [PIFATIC ‘attendant’]
¶	fifačic ševië  hairdresser
¶	fifačic uverië  dresser, valet
¶fifačir - vt ø - attend, wait on; take care of someone’s hair, clothes, grooming [PIFATIR, from PIFIR ‘flutter’]
¶Fifel - n - god of sexual love [PIFAEL]
¶	druk Fifelei  gay man
¶fifir - vt/vi Pt - flutter, flap [PIFIR]
¶fik - n - fig [FIKOS]
¶fikarb - n - fig tree
¶fikši - n - whip [imitative]
¶fikšir - vt - whip
¶fil - n - thread, wire; string (for musical instrument) [FIL]
¶filan - vt - string (an instrument or bow)
¶fili - n - (Er. slang) clothes [Sarroc ‘threads’]
¶Filipo - n - Eleďe name [OV {Filippo}]
¶findan - vt/vi Pt - split [FINDAN]
¶findise - a - divisive; schismatic, orthodox
¶fintát - n - quality
¶finta - n - top; tip, point; crime boss
¶fipu - n - (slang) buttocks [Sfapa for findul ‘split’]
¶firan - vi Pt - ferment [PIRAN]
¶	šesan firan soen vinzihen  let the grapes ferment
¶firát - n - fermentation
¶fírita - n - a courtship dance
¶	Fírita  Fírita, name of a religion emphasizing the Way or the Dance
¶firusta - n - maze [From the gardens at Firusta  in Irvesi]
¶fitrau - n - tomcat, male cat
¶fiy - n - fern [FILIS]
¶fizë - n - seal
¶fizir - vt - seal [FIDIR]
¶flaďomë - n - slate [FLANĎOMILE ‘flat stone’]
¶flane - n - smell; odor
¶flanát - n - the sense of smell
¶flanec - n - (slang) nose [‘smeller’]
¶flaner - vt ø - smell (through the nose); track (by smell; of animals) [PELASNER ‘flair the nostrils’, from PELASIS ‘nostril’]
¶	flaner sa soán mišekán  rummage through the sack
¶flauc - n - hopping herbivore from Lebiscuri; (MV slang) idiot, dummy; mark [Šɯk]
¶flave - a - yellow; a large gold coin of Célenor, equivalent to the oř [FLAVES]
¶	flavë [šerë]  lager, a light German-style beer made with less peza 
¶flavéšue - a - yellowish
¶flayka - n - desk; by extension, workspace, office [OV diminutive of {flaya}, from FLAIA ‘counter, flat workspace’]
¶fleád - n - flaid; (MV slang) private eye [Flaidish {flaid}]
¶	com fleadán  intensifier for calmness or comfort 
¶fleade - a - Flaidish
¶fleadřon - n - Flaidish (language)
¶flegát - n - nursing
¶flegan - vt ø - nurse, suckle [PELEGAN ‘care for’]
¶flegoma - n - wet nurse 
¶fne - prep - throughout
¶	fne soan scurin  throughout the country
¶fodro - n - enchantress, witch; (vulgar) bitch
¶fond - n - bottom [FONDOS]
¶for - prefix - (Er., Xurnese System) 10^9
¶foračia - n - (obscene) anal sex
¶foračir - vt ø - (obscene) engage in anal sex
¶foračul - n - (vulgar) homosexual
¶foraven - vi Ag - swing, e.g. a pendulum [FORȞABREN ‘move while hanging’]
¶forë - n - (obscene) asshole [*FORILE, related to FORIA ‘diarrhea’, FORIUS ‘dung’]
¶forhan - vt - hang (something) [FORȞAN]
¶	zet forhan  hang 
¶forhel - n - curtain, drapes
¶forheo - n - suspense; hanging [reborrowing of FORȞEIO]
¶fori - a - fertile (OV name element) [OFORIS]
¶formica - n - ant— wingless colony insect (pl. formisî) [FORMICA]
¶forno - n - hay [FORNO]
¶	crežen fornom zië  mind one's own business; or, eat up
¶forte - a - loud [FORTES]
¶fortesa - n - loudness
¶foruneo - n - balcony [OV {forhundeo}, augmentative of {forheo} ‘hanging thing’]
¶fose - n - crane— medium-sized, stilt-legged water bird [FOSECA]
¶Fove - n - Eleďe name [OV {Foive}]
¶föy - n - leaf [*FUEILIS, variant of FUELIS]
¶	föî  salad
¶foži - n - blaze
¶fožir - vi Ag - blaze [Naviu {fägia} ‘burn in triumph’, a word imprinted in the Caďinorians’ memories during the Naviu occupation of Ctésifon, 2435]
¶fraga - n - strawberry [FRAGAS, feminized]  
¶frälina - n - maiden, virgin [‘bloom’ + fem. -ina; i.e. ‘blooming girl’]
¶frälir - vi Pt - bloom [FRAULIR]
¶	frälec  blooming; flagrant, shameless
¶fréa - n - faith (OV name element) [FREIA]
¶frifi - n - coward, scaredy-cat [Sfapa for ‘shaker’]
¶frirec - vi Pt - crumble; disintegrate [FRIREC]
¶frirel - n - crumb
¶friseo - n - shudder, chill, trembling, shaking
¶friser - vi Ag - shake, shudder, tremble; (slang) dance, be scared [PERICER ‘shake’]
¶	šesan friser  shake something
¶froát - n - cold
¶froďac - n - the eleventh month [‘cold-wind’]
¶froďe - a - grim, dismal, forbidding [back-formation from froďac]
¶froe - a - cold [FROHES]
¶	Že froe  It’s cold out
¶fron - n - a rather phallic-shaped type of mushroom [FRONDOS]
¶froniru - n - refrigerator [calque on Flaidish {ʔedgepp} ‘cold machine’] 
¶frond - n - penis [reborrowing of FRONDOS; cf. fron]
¶fronu - n - (MV slang) fridge [abbr.]
¶frue - a - early; prompt [FRUHES]
¶fsë - pron - everything (fsë fsëi fsë fsën); n  the Cosmos [PSIES]
¶fsëgdá - pron - always [PSIEKEDA]
¶fsernáe - n - observation post, place for watching the enemy, which can be anything from a momentary position to a permanent fortress [PSER- ‘watch’ + ‘place’]
¶fset - n - fart
¶fsetec - vi Ag - fart; complain [PSETEC ‘burst’]
¶fsiduisi - n - deceit 
¶fsiduisir - vt ø - deceive [‘lead falsely’]
¶fsiüklo - n - fallacy [‘false-proof’]
¶fsitenec - vt ø - to hold under false pretenses [‘hold falsely’]
¶fsitenë - n - impostor
¶fsitomotá - n - accent d’insistance; mismatch between lexical stress and musical/poetic beat [‘false beat’]
¶fsiy - a - false; disloyal [PSIS]
¶fsižemna - n - doppelgänger [‘false-twin’]
¶fsora - n - romance; courtship
¶	Ihano primete fsora Rahelin  Ihano is courting Raheli 
¶fsorer - vt ø - go out with, date, carry on an affair; court [PSORER ‘attend, serve’]
¶	dešen fsorer  break up with
¶	Raheli fsore Ihanam  Raheli is seeing Ihano
¶fsorora - n - relationship, affair
¶fsorul - a - romantic
¶fsuda - pron - everywhere [PSUDA]
¶fsur - n - hunger [PSUR]
¶fsuran - vt ø - hunger for, crave
¶	fsuran yon  hungry for bread
¶fsurë - a - hungry; starving artist
¶fsurona - n - famine [FSURONDA ‘big hunger’]
¶fsuršuščan - vi Pt - starve (conj. like šuščan)[‘hunger-die’]
¶fsya - pron - everyone (fsya fsye fsya fsyan) [PSIAT]
¶ftacon - n - element, substance; intrinsic nature; created thing; atom [PTOCONDOS ‘building block’]
¶	ftacon iseléaky  the primordial substance, eagerly sought out by magicians; later, the substance that makes up all matter
¶ftacu - n - elemental— a monster whose substance is a simple element
¶ftalók - n - ceiling [OV nominalization of PTALAN ‘cover’]
¶ftena - n - plan, design, program [PTENA]
¶ftenen - vt ø - plan, design
¶ftore - a - second [PTORES]
¶ftoremora - n - galley, bireme: a heavy coastal ship [PTOREMORA; cf. REMORA]
¶ftorlädec - n - doppelganger, double [‘second-goer’]
¶ftoron - n - billion [ftore- + Caď. augmentative -OND]
¶ftužia - n - offense
¶ftužieme - a - offensive
¶ftužir - vt ø - offend [PTUGIR ‘shove’]
¶	ftužë  offensive
¶fuai - v - I was; the fuai... forms of esan are predicative; the esnai... forms are existential
¶fuáliu - n - ending, suffix [Cuêzi {fuāliu}  ‘leaf’]
¶fuáy - n - time, repetition [*FURAILES, emphatic slang derivation of FURAS ‘instance’]
¶	fuáy e  once; once upon a time
¶	fuáy e, kiam fuai bogaty  He was rich once
¶fuaye - n - (Ct slang) old-timer, old man [{fuáy e}]
¶fuáyul - n - a while, a short time
¶fucec - n - consonant [reborrowing of FUCEC ‘coloring’, calque on Cuêzi {fūcatēi}]
¶fucoš - n - pencil [OV {fucošc} ‘darkener’, from FUCAN ‘color, tint’]
¶	fucoš dónë  crayon
¶fufur - a - timid [FURFUR]
¶Fuli - n - Cuzeian name [Fuli ‘fern’]
¶fulüra - n - ink [FULGURA, from FULGO ‘soot’, as ink was made of lampblack]
¶fulyo - n - soot [FULGO]
¶furan - vt ø - act, play; perform, put on a play [FURAN ‘feign’]
¶	furan soi Abolineroni  play the Abolinerons
¶furaš - interj - fudge! friggit! (taboo-deformation of futaš)
¶furát - n - drama, theatre; acting
¶furel - n - performance
¶furensa - n - (Ct) theater [reborrowing]
¶furnáe - n - theater
¶furom - n - actor
¶	furoma  actress
¶furomora - n - cast; personnel of a theater [not rigidly divided into cast and crew]
¶füru - n - (Avéle) spa, resort [Keb. {fyru}]
¶futaš - interj - (obscene) fuck
¶futašan - vt - (MV slang) screw; mess with; annoy
¶	zet futašan  fuck up, mess up
¶futruir - vt ø - (obscene) fuck [dynamic forms of FUTREN ‘fill’, from FUTES ‘full’]
¶füzer - n - mist
¶fužec - vt ø - darken (in tone) [back-formation from fužul]
¶fužul - a - dark in color; of skin color, the coloration we would call ‘black’ [FUCTUL ‘colored’, from FUCAN ‘tint’, from FUCA ‘color’]
¶	fužula [šerë]  bitter, a dark brown English-style beer 
¶fužulát - n - darkness
¶/G
¶Ga - honorofic - Mrs., abbreviation for Graženka 
¶gagan - vi Ag - choke [GAȞGAN]
¶	gagan ak hostán  choke on a bone
¶gaiec - vt - form something [GAHILEC]
¶	zet gaiec im  have the form of
¶galanče - n - (archaic) arithmetic; arithmetic manual [Flaidish {Gallamche}, its author]
¶gaiei - n - one of the Caďinorian pagan Furies: Midei, Bunori, Šustana [GAHILEIS ‘shaper’]
¶galen - vt - bathe (another)
¶	zet galen  bathe (oneself)
¶gali - n - bath; (music) sixth, six-note heptatonic interval [GALIS]
¶	embrë gali  minor sixth
¶	egrë gali  major sixth
¶galumo - n - bathtub; (slang) ship [‘bath-tub’]
¶gambra - n - sea turtle— sea-dwelling shelled reptile [GAMERA]
¶gamerka - n - testicle [OV ‘little turtle’]
¶Gamlël - n - Eleďe name [OV {Gamaliel}]
¶gar - n - good sense (OV name element) [GAROS]
¶gara - n - (slang) tit, boob, breast [GARRA ‘swelling’]
¶gararda - n - swelling, esp. as a medical condition [GARRARDA ‘swelling-illness’]
¶garardir - vi Pt - swell
¶gareme - a - sensible, reasonable, practical [GARESMES; cf. gar ]
¶garemora - n - good sense, common sense
¶garka - n - blister [‘little swelling’]
¶garlo - n - warlock, sorceror [OV {garolo} ‘trickster, con man’, from GARORION ‘wise or cunning man’, from GAROS ‘sense’]
¶garlotá - n - sorcery; Perunic magic
¶gäs - n - goose— large grass-eating bird, fond of lakes [GANSOS]
¶gascia - n - leprosy (medical term) [reborrowing of GASCIA ‘spoilage, leprosy’]
¶gasfir - vt - waste (cond. gasficelai...) [GASPIR]
¶gasfiy - n - waste
¶gašia - n - spoilage, ruin, damage [GASCIA]
¶gašir - vt - spoil, ruin; damage [GASCIR, dialectal variant of GASPIR ‘waste’]
¶Gavrël - n - Eleďe name; the angel of the Annunciation [OV {Gavriel}]
¶Gayo - n - Eleďe name [OV {Gaio}]
¶gazimia - n - suspicion, inference
¶gazimir - vt ø - suspect, surmise, infer [GADIMIR ‘know by deduction’, dim. of GADIR ‘know by perception’]
¶	gazimul  suspected, supposed, alleged
¶gažë - a - outrageous, unjust, oppressive; horrifying, intolerable [GAGILES, from GAȞGAN ‘choke’]
¶gdeon - n - giant [Eř dialect; from Igdeon ‘a mighty hero’, from *AECTEION ‘clan of Aecton (Aežon)’]
¶gécul - n - dungeon, underground pit or prison [GAECULOS]
¶gečë - n - net, network, web [GAETILE ‘thing cast’]
¶gečia - n - throw
¶	prošë gečia  a dice game where you can bet on the next player’s throw
¶gečir - vt - throw [GAETIR ‘cast’]
¶gečom - n - vanguard; soldiers send ahead of the main force [‘throw [forward]-men’]
¶gëf - n invar - the twelfth letter of the Verdurian alphabet, G <tt>G</tt> [reborrowed form of GES, OV {že}]
¶Gelalát - n - Gelalát, the worhip of Gelalh
¶Gelál - n - chief of the Munkhâshi gods and the Caďinorian demons [Munkhâshi Gelálh]
¶gelvo - n - moan, groan
¶gelvoir - vi Ag - moan, groan
¶gemár - n - unit of volume, ten ďuroi  or 4.03 l
¶gëméša - n - mortgage, lien [Keb. {gemeśa}, older {giemeśa} ‘primacy’]
¶gen - n - master, conqueror (OV name element) [GAENIR ‘oppress’]
¶genda - n m - angle [GUENDAS]
¶	genda řodeďëse  right angle
¶geni - n - bother
¶genir - vt ø - bother [GAENIR ‘oppress’]
¶	Řo et genireu  Don’t bother me
¶genře - n - lacquer, lacquerware [Belesao ŋɛŋhé ‘lacquer goods’]
¶gent - metal [GUENTOS]  
¶	gent meiladei  cobalt
¶	gent meuciborei  nickel
¶	gent samplomei  zinc
¶	gent yešorei  antimony
¶gentlaun - n - treads; tank [‘metal-circle’]
¶genturoki - n - metalworking
¶genturokec - n - metalworker
¶ger - adv - hardly (alone, or in negated sentences) [Curiyan waigero ‘a lot’]
¶	Řo e ger šuščat  He’s hardly dead
¶gerak - n - strait [GAEREȞ]
¶gerišer - vt ø - alleviate, soothe
¶gerišu - n - balm, relief, alleviation [GAERISIU ‘ointment’, from Cuêzi]
¶ges - n - power (OV name element) [GUESOS]
¶geš - n - crush [imitative]
¶gešan - vt - crush, squash
¶gesič - n - a Xurnese copper coin, worth 1/10 micuš [Xasengri géčič, Xur. {géčis}]
¶geteme - a - strong, powerful, with the qualities of a leader [GUENTESMES ‘like metal’]
¶geteta - n - dice (game) [GAETELTA]
¶gezuna - n - burning or heated oil used as a weapon; Molotov cocktail [Keb. ‘big oil’]
¶gezunom - n - specialist in using gezuna
¶gigit - n - caution, shyness [imitative of stuttering]
¶gigitse - a - cautious, shy
¶gimen - vi Pt - abound [GUIMINEN ‘swarm’]
¶	gimec  abundant
¶	gimen cum lapisin  abound with rabbits
¶gimesa - n - abundance
¶gintro - n - sash; the sash being the badge of office in Caďinorian lands, it has come to mean the office itself; hence, the crown, the kingship [reborrowing of GINTRO]
¶	gintro daluy  king’s sash; the right to the throne
¶	dan gintram Vlaranán  give the throne to Vlaran
¶gintrovelan - vi Ag - (archaic) usurp [‘take-sash’]
¶	Gintrovelne im zonán 3128  He usurped the throne in 3128
¶gintrovelec - n - usurper
¶gis - n - (Er., Xurnese System) basic unit of mass .38 kg
¶gitešeli - n - phosphorus [Tžuro {gitlešeli} ‘glowing wax’]
¶giuro - n - stallion [metathesis of OV {guiro}, from GUHIRO]
¶gläca - n - puddle (pl. gläsî) [GLAUCA]
¶glacu - n - beer mug [OV {glacura} ‘puddler’]
¶glara - n - (MV slang) shit, crap [Wesaitan]
¶glašan - vt - announce [GLASCAN]
¶glašul - n - announcement, notice
¶glavo - n - broadsword; the ancient Caďinorian coin stamped with a sword; modern silver coins of Ctésifon, Solhai, or Érenat [GLABRO, from GLABREN ‘shimmer’]
¶glavose - a - (Ct slang) rich, wealthy 
¶glaza - n - lamp, lantern; (in South) torch; (MV slang) head [GLANSA ‘torch’]
¶glazula - n - light bulb [dim. of ‘lamp’]
¶glëtan - v - (Er. slang) loot, ‘liberate’ [Sarroc]
¶gleuma - n - mucus (medical); vaginal lubrication [reborrowing of GLEUMA]
¶gličir - vt/vi Pt - stick together; glue [dynamic tenses of GLITAN]
¶	gličir so behdel soan dumoran  glue or stick the picture to the notebook 
¶	Soa fulüra glidre dočin lë  The ink stuck to his fingers 
¶glinát - n - length
¶glindrel - n - cord; small rope; belt [OV nominalization from *GLINRES ‘rather long’]
¶	soî glindrelî  harp
¶gliny - a - long; (geometry) extended along one dimension [GLINIS]
¶glisia - n - slide, glide
¶glisir - vi Ag - slide, glide [probably gliny ‘long’ + sisir ‘slip’]
¶	šesan glisir soan stekanan co mettan  slide the glass along the table
¶glispava - n - sled [‘slide-wagon’]
¶glišy - a - sticky [gličir + -šue]
¶glitoš - n - glue [GLITOSIOS ‘sticky substance’]
¶glöma - n - snot [GLEUMA]
¶glonyec - vi Ag - ring (also spelled glónëc) [GLONGEC]
¶	šesan glonyec clošán  ring a bell
¶glupát - n - stupidity
¶glupy - a - stupid
¶glure - n - the large silver coin of Ismahi, worth 1 fale [Ism. {glure} ‘sword’, from GLABRO] 
¶gluti - n - swallow
¶glutir - vt ø - swallow [GLUNTIR]
¶Gn - honorific - Mr., abbreviation for Graženom
¶gob - n - (obscene) penis [GOLB ‘type of mushroom’, possibly a variant of GRIBOS]
¶gobačir - vi Ag - (vulgar) ejaculate
¶gocrea - n - balance sheet [Keb. {gorkreha} ‘weighing’]
¶Goča - n - attendant of Boďneay [GUTIA]
¶göl - n - (MV slang) penis [Šɯk]
¶golë - n - crotch, groin [from {goly}, i.e. ‘something in front’]
¶goler - vt ø - loot [OV {goluer} ‘glance over’, from GOLGOS ‘face’]
¶goly - n - front, face (of a watch or instrument); muzzle (of an animal) [GOLIOS ‘face’]
¶	hecu golii  complexion 
¶	sesuan so golim  drink (liquor)
¶gološ - n - loot
¶goma - n - (slang or MV) stomach, belly [Flaidish {gommer}]
¶gonicore - a - coherent, consistent [reborrowing of GONICORES; cf. gucöre]
¶gonura - n - the Ismaîn quarter of a city [Ism. {gonŕe}]
¶gorat - n - tower (pl. goraďi) [GORAŤ]
¶goro - n - (Er. slang) penis [Keb.]
¶gorži - n - throat [GORGIS]
¶gövec - vi Pt - panic; (Ct) fear [GUEBREC ‘fear, terrorize’, from GUESOS ‘power’ + -BREN ‘move, act’]
¶gövesa - n - panic, terror; (Ct) fear [GUEBREICA]
¶gövtene - a - terrifying
¶gožigo - n - (Ct slang) wretch, loser [Curiyan ’poor man’]
¶grak - n - a small round bean— something like a garbanzo (pl. grahî) [GRAIȞ]
¶grakok - n - pea [OV diminutive of GRAIȞ ‘chickpea’]
¶gran - n - border [GRANDOS]
¶grannáe - n - borderland, marches; esp. the eastern reaches of Verduria province
¶graven - vt ø - rake; pillage, plunder [GRABREN ‘rake’]
¶graveo - n - pillage, plunder; raking
¶gravil - n - rake
¶graženom - n - Mister; (archaic and dialectal) citizen [‘borderlander’, a status once contrasted with ‘foreigner’] 
¶graženka - n - Mrs., Miss
¶grel - n - hail [GREL]
¶grelan - v impers - hail
¶grib - n - mushroom [GRIBOS]
¶griman - vt - pull; milk [GRIMAN]
¶grimoš - n - drawer [‘something pulled’]
¶grise - a - gray [OV {griese}, from Eluyet {griyes} ‘dark-colored horse’]
¶grisruda - n - pyrite, iron sulphide [‘gray ore’]
¶gríššue - a - grayish; the skin color characteristic of Monkhayu and Dhekhnami
¶griu - n - wheat [GRILU]
¶	piďë griu  little wheat, a Téllinorese crop related to griu
¶griužina - n - farm-maiden [‘wheat-girl’]
¶grive - n - (Avéle) mushroom [Ism.]
¶grogec - vt ø - mill, grind, (slang or MV) annoy; n  miller [GROGEC]
¶grognáe - n - mill
¶	grognáe ab meín  water mill
¶	grognáe ab ďacán  windmill
¶grom - n - thunder [GROUMBOS]
¶	 čeye grom  fireworks
¶gromnát - n - threat, menace (abstract)
¶gromne - a - threatening, menacing [‘thunderlike’]
¶gromnec - vt ø - threaten (add unaccented i before consonants: past. gromnicao, etc.)
¶gromnel - n - threat, ultimatum
¶gröse - a - powerful (OV name element) [*GRUESES, modification of GUESRES; cf. ges]
¶gřonë - n - gruff; grumbling
¶gronen - vi Ag - grumble [imitative]
¶gruřa - n - turnip [GRUKRA]
¶	gruřa Cerei  rutabaga [turnip of The Port, that is, Cerei]
¶	Řo eu gruřî lë  It’s none of your business
¶gucöre - a - having integrity, unduplicitous, uncorrupted, conscientious [GONICORES ‘coherent’, showing confusion from cör; from Cuêzi {gōnicoro}]
¶gucöreca - n - integrity, incorruption
¶gudun - n - antelope, gnu– large, fleet, herbivorous herd animal, native to plains or mountains [Western {gududuŋ}] 
¶guaža - n - very hard wood from the Rau jungle; chronometer made using it [Rafsani gwaja]
¶gué - n - ford [OV {guende} from GURENDA ‘crossing’]
¶gués - n - power, might; (physics) momentum [reborrowing of GUESOS]
¶guesse - a - powerful
¶guésise - a - de facto; relating to power; used when the legitimacy of the authority is not claimed, not in question, or not possessed
¶	reďréë guésise  acting minister
¶	dalu guésise  de facto king, regent
¶guézzovë - a - political
¶guézzovi - n - politics [‘power-play’]
¶guézzovir - vi ø - enter into politics; negotiate; sponsor, support (politically)
¶	So reďréë zen guézzove  The minister is making a name for himself
¶guéžžou - politics, political method, practical politics [‘way of power’]
¶gula - n - bile; bitterness, spite [GULA]
¶gulere - a - mad, angry, ticked off (colloq.) [GULRES]
¶gunát - n - armormaking
¶gunče - n - bump
¶gunčec - vt - bump, jostle [imitative]
¶gunë - n - armor [GUNILE]
¶gunen - vt ø - arm; equip, provide with weapons or tools [GUNEN ‘supply, arm’]
¶gunoro - n - armorer
¶gurë - n - lion, lioness— large, majestic maned predator, related to čuculî [GURIE]
¶gureca - n - (Er. slang) lesbian [Keb.]
¶gurfë - n - scowl
¶gurfec - vi Ag - scowl, glare [verbalization of dialectal gura ‘wrath’; cf. gula]
¶guríš - n - wrath, anger, ire [back-formation from guriše]
¶guriše - a - angry, furious, wrathful— compared with faše, has an intensive or archaic effect [OV {gulriše} ‘very angry’; cf. {gula}]
¶guryon - n - male lion
¶güsce - n - jungle [OV {güše}, altered to conform to the original GUISCUE, from Cuêzi {guiscue} ‘swamp, jungle’]
¶gust - n - taste, flavor
¶gustan - vt ø - taste [GUSTAN]
¶gut - n - rat— small, fierce omnivore, adapted to cities, related to surî (pl. guďi) [GUŤ]
¶	ežcud com gután  ugly as sin
¶gutia - n - epilepsy; a fit (of madness or sickness) [reborrowing of GUTIA ‘shaking’]
¶gutom - n - punk, a small but dangerous person [‘rat-man’]
¶guya - n - (slang) prostitute
¶gyondom - n - (Avéle) borderlander, esp. in the east [Sarroc gyaondo ‘border’]
¶/H
¶h - abbr - hour; 3h = 3 h-u = our 9:00 a.m. [abbreviation for hora]
¶haďi - n - the small silver coin of Benécia, worth an aržentul; an emur coin of Barakhún or Elkarinor [Bar. {khath} from Elkarîl {kphath} ‘1/2 coin’]
¶haleza - n m - xaleza, one of the elite guards in Xurno; hence fighter [Xurnáš xaleza, originally xáleš zalay ‘spirited warlord’]
¶hamunáe - n - component Salon of Revaudo Xurno [Xur. {xamunar}]
¶härer - vi Ag - dawdle, slow down [late Caďinor ȞAURER, from ȞAUR ‘slow’]
¶harige - n - the Ismaîn diacritic used in ŕ [Ism. {ŕige}, earlier {hŕige}, from HARICO ‘long bean’]
¶Harma - n - Eleďe name [OV {Ȟarma}]
¶härom - n - slowpoke
¶hasifa - n - sulfur [ȞAMSIFA, from Meťaiun ‘hot-springs sand’; cf. Keb. {ḣansiva}]
¶hautát - n - height
¶haute - a - tall; erect [ȞALTES]
¶hautendi - n - oboe [‘high-wood’]
¶hauttroz - n - halberd— pointed pole with axelike blade [‘high ax’]
¶havlu - n - towel
¶hecu - n - nature, character; philosophy immutable essence [ȞECU, from Cuêzi {xēcu} ‘kind’]
¶	hecu golii  complexion
¶hecuise - a - immutable, essential
¶hecuiseca - n - immutability
¶	hecuiseca dimei  conservation of mass
¶hecur - n - unit of weight, 1/100 süro, or .6071 kg [ȞICURA ‘weight’, from ȞICET ‘amount’]
¶heder - vi ø - raid, pillage [Curiyan hede]
¶hedeo - n - raid, barbarian incursion 
¶hend - n - shirt [ȞENDOS ‘tunic’]
¶hendana - n - blouse
¶henia - n - Caďinorian toga [ȞENILA, from Cuêzi {xeunīllâ}]
¶hep - # - seven [ȞAEP]
¶hepato - n - liver [ȞEPATO]
¶	oteran so hepatam  (of healers) know the liver; be skilled enough to diagnose hidden problems
¶hepdën - n - week [‘seven-day’]
¶hetima - n - bran, rind [dim. of ȞAETA, from Meť. ‘little skin’]
¶hetitre - a - vigilant, wary [reborrowing of HETITRES]
¶heto - n - shrimp [ȞENTO, from Meť.]
¶hežaď - n - Guardian (Caďinorian myth) [‘guardian god’]
¶hežan - vt ø - guard (a country, treasure, dependents, etc.; see akřaner) [ȞEGIAN]
¶	hežan ak dascoin  guard against animals
¶	Eř hežanei!  Watch out!
¶hežeo - n - guard
¶hežiosa - n m - guardian (Eleďe angelology) [‘guardian power’]
¶hežom - n - guard, guardian
¶hežy - n - corps of guardians
¶	so Hežy Daluy  the Palace Guard
¶hicet - n - number; tally, score [reborrowing of ȞICET ‘sums’, from Cuêzi {xicē} ‘sum, amount’.   Both words were generally used in the plural: compare our “What’s the results?”]
¶	hicetî caďini  Caďinorian concatenative numerical system
¶	hicetî Flore  Flaidish positional numerical system
¶hicetan - vt ø - count, sum; tally up, score
¶hiceteviso - n - mathematics [‘study of numbers’]
¶hičeme - a - astute, shrewd [‘tending to craftiness’]
¶hičy - a - cunning, crafty, sly [ȞITRIS ‘dexterous’]
¶hifcu - n - hickory nut [ȞIVICU, from Cuêzi {xiviciu} ‘with claw’, after its shape]
¶hifcuarb - n - hickory tree
¶hinalek - n - the large silver coin of Benécia, worth 1 fale; an elcarin coin worth a bit less [Bar. {khinaluk}, with the ending reinterpreted as an OV diminutive; from Elkarîl {nkhinîluq}]
¶hinát - n - geography, anthropology (esp. study of the uncivilized) [‘study of lands,’ from ȞUNOS ‘land’]
¶hip - prep - below, under [ȞUPE]
¶	hip soan mettan  under the table
¶	hip altun  under a tyrant
¶	hip ëdičán  under a spell
¶hipačir - v - (MV slang) head down; suck, give head
¶hipán - adv - downward; downstairs
¶hipban - n - (Er.) subway
¶hipbrak - n - armpit [‘under arm’]
¶hipco - prep - down
¶	esan hipco soan uletoran  be down the stairs
¶	lädan hipco soa uletora  go down the stairs
¶hipcont - n - viscount
¶hipcrivan - vt ø - sign; approve (a law or form) [‘under-write’]
¶hipcrivel - n - signature; (official) approval
¶hipcuraye - a - skeptical; jaded, world-weary; distrustful of people, received wisdom, or of human reason itself [‘subrational’]
¶hipcurec - vt - uphold, support; finance, fund [‘under-hold’]
¶hipdalom - n - consul [‘under-ambassador’]
¶hipdalomnáe - n - consulate
¶hipelir - n - virus [‘sub-life’]
¶hipeže - a - below average, substandard; (ratios) less than 1 [ȞUPEHECTES ‘under the ordinary’]
¶hipgečë - n - Internet [‘under-network’]
¶hiplädan - vt ø - descend, climb down [‘go down’]
¶hiplädeca - n - descent
¶hiplimura - n - a dress exposing the breasts [‘under breasts’]
¶hipmeban - n - sewer [‘under-channel’]
¶hipmizec - vt ø - endorse, vouch for [‘under-say’]
¶hipmizo - n - endorsement
¶hipnaga - n - sole [‘under foot’]
¶hipom - n - underling
¶hiponto - n - homage [‘show under’]
¶hippoča - n - underground
¶hippoče - a - underground, beneath the surface [‘under soil’]
¶hippoče - n - subway
¶hipřanec - n - (colloq.) bather; (slang) lush, sot, drunkard [‘soaker’]
¶hipřaner - vt/vi Pt - soak; steep (beverages); go wading, go bathing; (slang) get drunk [‘keep under’]
¶hiprizi - n - (MV slang) vagina [‘lower smile’]
¶hipsalďir - vt - undergo, submit to, suffer, be subject to [‘under-feel’]
¶	hipsalďir dabilát  submit to undressing
¶hipsyele - a - earthly [‘under-sky’]
¶hiptošeo - n - deficit; illness caused by a lack of an element [ȞUPETOSCEIO ’deficit’] 
¶hipu - n - (MV slang) subway
¶hipzëre - a - submarine, underwater [‘under’ + ‘marine’]
¶Hírumor - n - largest of Ënomai’s planets [ȞIRUMOR]
¶hižena - n - row; (battle) front [ȞIGENA]
¶Hloe - n - Eleďe name [OV {Ȟloe}]
¶hočicu - n - locust (tree) [ȞOTILICU, from Cuêzi {xôtilliciu} ‘with teeth’] 
¶hora - n - hour; act (of a play) [ȞORA]
¶horora - n - timetable, schedule
¶horteleo - n - clock [‘hour-instrument’]
¶horže - n - barley [ȞORGE]
¶host - n - bone; (slang) nerve, chutzpah [ȞOSTOS]
¶hostidorde - n - socket (for a bone) [reborrowing of ȞOSTIDORDE, from Cuêzi {xôtidorde} ‘bone-hollow’]
¶hostora - n - skeleton [ȞOSTORA]
¶hornáe - n - hotel [because time was charged by the hour]
¶hotonen - vi Pt - stay, be staying [ȞONTONDEN ‘take shelter’, from ȞONTOS ‘shelter’]
¶	mifan hotonen  put someone up
¶	hotonen ne domán dalomei  to stay at the ambassador’s
¶hotu - n - guest [back-formation from hotonen]
¶hoyan - conj - although
¶hozënát - n - trust, stewardship, duty
¶hozën - n - steward; host, head of a household; warden; prosecutor, official who argues the king’s case
¶hozësan - vt - entrust; put in charge; put in the hands of
¶	hozësan so hutor meďán zië  put one’s son in charge of the farm
¶hribret - n - permit, license (also spelled ribret) [ȞRIBET ‘permits’— how the permits typically begin]
¶	hribret duisomei  driver’s license
¶	hribet furan  license to perform a play
¶	hribet pëtan  license to perform music
¶hriso - n - grammatical root, base form [Cuêzi {xrîso}]
¶h-š - abbr - PM [hora šveze, hour of the afternoon]
¶h-u - abbr - AM [hora utrei, hour of the morning]
¶hüan - vi Ag - sigh [imitative]
¶hubre - n - (Ct slang) underclothes [Curiyan ‘tunic’]
¶huca - n - oracle; (music) pitch, key (pl. husî) [ȞUCUA ‘god’s lodging’]
¶huepát - n - equality; mathematical formula
¶huepe - n - equal [reborrowing of ȞUEPES]
¶huepen - vt - equal; match
¶huepcot - n - balance; equal sign [‘equal sides’]
¶hum - n - passions; guts, cran; seat of passions, emotions and drive; intestines— part of quadripartite soul [ȞUMOS]
¶	so hum falate  the morale of the army
¶humarda - n - mania, rage, frenzy [‘disorder of the passions’]
¶hundoči - n - peninsula [ȞUNODOTIS ‘land-finger’]
¶hundusil - a - caring only for material things; wordly, corrupt [‘hum-driven’]
¶hunnačal - n - spiritual discipline or observance; self-mastery 
¶hunnačalan - vi Ag - observe spiritual disciplines; master oneself [‘rule passions’]
¶hunse - a - spirited; raucous, rowdy
¶hunsira - n - continent; mainland [ȞUNOCIRA ‘mainland’]
¶huntenát - n - excitement, eagerness
¶huntene - a - excited, eager; nervous [‘has passion’]
¶hupa - n - halfling, dwarf [ȞUPUA]
¶hupetan - vt ø - compose (music) [ȞUPETAN, from Cuêzi]
¶hupetát - n - composition
¶hupibu - n - the great tufted owl (cf. sasavi) [‘tuft-owl’]
¶hupo - n - tuft of grass or hair [unknown origin; poss. from hupa]
¶	vauter hupam  be worthless
¶hurin - n - an elcarin gold coin, worth about 1.5 ořulî; a similar coin of Hroth and Barakhún [Bar., from Elkarîl {khurind} ‘that makes six’]
¶husil - a - genuine, real [ȞUCIL ‘prophetic’, from ȞUCUA ‘god’s lodging’]
¶	E husilece žombrec  It’s downright frightening
¶husten - vi Ag - cough [ȞUSTEN]
¶husti - n - cough
¶hutor - n - farm [ȞUTOR]
¶hutoran - vt ø - farm
¶hutorát - n - farming, agriculture; peasantry
¶hutorom - n - farmer
¶hutorsnugá - n - farmhand [‘farm-servant’]
¶huvec - n - dyer
¶huven - vt ø - dye, tint [HUBREN ‘immerse’, lit. ‘put under’, from ȞUPE ‘under’]
¶huvima - n - pill [medieval Caďinor ȞUVIMA dim. of ‘egg’]
¶huvon - n - egg [ȞUVONDOS, augmentative of ȞUVOS ‘egg’]
¶	huvon pisul  omelette
¶huvoš - n - dye
¶hüy - n - sigh, gasp [imitative]
¶hüyan - v - sigh, gasp
¶huyomyaso - n - chicken meat [‘chicken-meat’]
¶huyon - n - chicken— domesticated grain-fed bird [ȞUVILONDOS, augmentative of ȞUVIL ‘chicken’, literally ‘the eggy one’— cf. huvon]
¶h-v - abbr - hour of the evening [hora vëčerei]
¶/I
¶i - prep - of (takes nom.)
¶	nabro i Sankaše  captain of the ‘Dreadnought’
¶	so Reďreo i Belgo  the Minister of War
¶	soa žuca i Elena  the role of Elena
¶	soa dálua i Célenor  the kingdom of Célenor
¶i - n invar - the 5th letter of the Verdurian alphabet, I <tt>I</tt> [I]
¶	i brevë  the 6th letter of the Verdurian alphabet, Y <tt>Y</tt>
¶i - n - (music) abbr. for Išira, note 7
¶Iain - n - Iáinos, God [IAINOS, from Cuêzi {Iáinos}]
¶Iason - n - Eleďe name [OV {Iason}]
¶iba - n - (MV slang) girl, chick [{ibu}]
¶ibu - n - owl— large nocturnal predatory birdl (MV slang) guy, dude [HIBU]
¶Icadita - n - Cuzeian name [Îcaditē ‘longed for child’]
¶icë - pron - present, here [AIKEDIE, northern dialect form, from AE- ‘near’ + KEDIE ‘where’]
¶icëlan - n - icëlan— small, primitive, wood-dwelling human-like species
¶icëlana - n - icëlana, nymph
¶Iceleď - n - Cuzeian name [Îcēiledan ‘desire God’]
¶Icovo - n - Eleďe name [OV {Iacovo}]
¶iča - n - (MV slang) trouble, chaos [Wesaitan]
¶idel - n - (Er.) refrigerator [Fladish {ʔeedel}]
¶idiko - n - peculiarity [reborrowing of IDIKO ‘distinguishing feature’]
¶idikós - a - special
¶iduräm - a - desirable, attractive
¶	Řo lele so iduräm cečel  I don’t see the attraction there
¶iduran - vt ø - desire [reborrowing of IDURAN; cf. zuran]
¶iduret - n - writ, court order [IDURET SUDROS ‘The court desires’, first words of many a court document]
¶idureo - n - desire
¶Iesu - n - Jesus; Joshua [OV {Iesus}]
¶	Iesu Krist, Iesu Eleď  Jesus Christ
¶iëžu - n - feather [IECTU]
¶	cum tësem iëžom  all dolled up
¶if - prefix - whichever, -ever
¶ifcë - pron - wherever (ifcëi ifcëm ifcën)
¶ifke - pron - whoever (declined like ke)
¶ifkecot - n - person, verb form [‘whichever form’]
¶ifkiam - pron - wherever, ever
¶ifkiel - pron - however, in whatever way
¶	ifkiel lelai  so far as I can see, however I look at it
¶ifkio - pron - whatever (declined like kio)
¶ifprokio - pron - for whatever reason
¶igožë - n - slaughter
¶igožen - vt ø - slaughter [IGOGEN, from Kaino igegen ‘kill many men’, cognate to KEKAN]
¶Ihana - n - Eleďe name [OV {Ioanna}]
¶Ihananko - n - Johnny; (slang) Joe Blow, everyman
¶Ihano - n - Eleďe name [OV {Ioanno}]
¶ihtüan - vi Ag - fish [IȞŤUIS ‘fish’]
¶ihtüec - n - fisherman
¶ikabe - a - stunted, runtish [intensive *ISKABES, from KABES ‘runt’]
¶il - pron - it
¶ila - pron - she [ILLA ‘that’]
¶ilacrio - n - lamentation
¶ilacrir - vi Ag - lament [‘make to cry’]
¶	ilacrir eta lebi  cry over the news
¶iladil - n - the large silver coin worth about 3/4 fale of Barakhún, Mútkün, and Hroth [Barakhainei ilôdil ‘silvery’, pronounced iládil in southern dialect.]
¶ilan - pron - her (dat.)
¶ilat - pron - her (acc.)
¶ilavren - vi  stay, remain something
¶ilavri - n - stasis; stagnation; equilibrium
¶Ilávrinor - n - Limbo [‘place of stasis’]
¶ilë - a - ilian
¶ilëgárda - n - menstruation [ILIAGARDA ‘moon disorder’] 
¶ilëgárden - vi Pt - menstruate
¶iler - pron - it (acc.)
¶ilet - pron - him (acc.)
¶ili - n - moon (OV name element) [ILIS ‘shiny’]
¶Iliacáš - n - Iliacáš, the lesser moon [ILIACOS + augmentive]
¶Iliažë - n - Iliažë, the greater moon; any moon [ILIAGILE, indirect form, due to taboo, of ILIAGES, name of a god and of this moon, from ILIS ‘shiny’ + GES ‘god’]
¶iliažyoš - n - month
¶	caďinî iliažyošî  Caďinorian calendar
¶ilisea - n - an iliu woman [iliu + -sea]
¶iliu - n - iliu [ILIU, from Cuêzi]
¶ilon - pron - it (dat.)
¶ilneo - n - prelate, bishop [Avélan dialect; from late Caďinor IRLEION ‘overseer’]
¶iloša - n - arch [ILOSCA]
¶ilošora - n - arcade
¶ilu - pron - he [ILLU ‘that’]
¶ilun - pron - him (dat.)
¶ilura - n - wrist [ILURA]
¶iluti - n - quartz [ILONTIS]
¶iluvan - vi Pt - shine [ILUBRAN, from ILIS ‘shiny’]
¶	iluvan sur trava  shine on the grass
¶iluve - a - shining, shiny; (slang) money
¶	sam iluven  free, or penniless
¶Iluvulec - n - a new god, son of Calto, friend of the poor [‘little shining one’]
¶im - prep - in, inside, into [IM]
¶	im soan mažtanan  in the city
¶	im soa mažtana  into the city
¶	im zonán 3480  in the year 3480
¶	im sramán  in a state of shame
¶	zet gaiec im launán  have the shape of a circle 
¶im- - prefix - just inside, on the inside of; as verbal prefix means ‘in’ or makes a verb transitive
¶	imsur soan fakon  just inside the top of the box
¶imagrenir - vt ø - persuade, convince [‘make to believe’]
¶imalten - vi Ag - accede [‘make high’]
¶	imalten ad gintron  accede to the throne
¶imaltena - n - accession
¶imameto - n - investiture [‘bringing in’]
¶	Imameto demeče  Investitute of Spring (pagan festival)
¶imán - adv - inward
¶imanen - vt - unite, bring unity [‘into one’]
¶	imanul  united
¶	zet imanen  unite together
¶imanižen - vt - cool, chill [‘make cool’]
¶	zet imanižen  cool down, get cold
¶imanižec - n - air conditioner [‘cooler’]
¶imatunen - vt - house, lodge [‘into a room’]
¶imazipan - vt - fatten; (MV slang) impregnate [‘make fat’]
¶	zet imazipan  get fat
¶imbarucir - vt - lay down, set down, put [‘make to lie down’]
¶imbasen - vt - lower [‘make low’]
¶	zet imbasen  abase oneself; squat
¶imbasulen - vt - lower slightly
¶	zet imbasulen  crouch, stoop
¶imbeman - vt ø - teach [‘into the head’]
¶imbemát - n - teaching
¶imbemec - n - teacher
¶imbežir - vt ø - fix, repair [‘make to move’]
¶imbinea - n - register
¶imbineyen - vt - list, register [‘into the list’]
¶	imbineyul  registered; incorporated
¶imbogatir - vt - enrich [‘make rich’]
¶	zet imbogatir  get rich
¶imbolëo - n - enlargement, expansion; commentary
¶imbolyen - vt - enlarge, expand [‘make big’]
¶	zet imbolyen  expand, spread, get bigger
¶imbolyec - n - commentator
¶imborden - vt - frame [‘within a frame’]
¶imbraki - n - embrace [‘in one’s arms’] 
¶imbrakir - vt - embrace
¶	zet imbrakir  embrace each other
¶imbrakošan - vt - (slang) steal, lift [’into sleeve’]
¶imbresen - vt - wrap; bandage [‘into strips of cloth’]
¶imbrevë - n - summary, outline, profile
¶imbrevir - vt - shorten; summarize [‘make short’]
¶imbrugen - vt - twist; disturb [‘make twisty’]
¶	imbrugul  disturbed, neurotic
¶imbruse - a - famished, ravenous; consuming
¶imbruřen - vt - devour, consume [‘into the belly’]
¶imbünát - n - the violence inherent in the system
¶imbušan - vt  savor [‘in the mouth’]
¶	zet imbušan  be savory or tasty
¶imbušäm - a - tasty, savory [‘to be savored’]
¶imčelan - vt - arrange [‘into place’]
¶	zet imčelan  arrange itself, sort itself out
¶imčelát - n - arrangement [‘in between’]
¶imčisir - vt - sharpen [‘make sharp’]
¶imčor - n - confluence
¶imčoran - vt - flow into, join (of rivers etc.) [‘flow into’]
¶imčuzát - n - rip-off, scam
¶imčuzen - vt ø - screw, rip off; get into trouble; tick off; emmerder  [‘into shit’]
¶	zet imčuzen  get ripped off, be screwed
¶	Et vuleu  imčuzen?  You trying to screw with me?
¶imčužen - vt - stiffen [‘make stiff’]
¶	zet imčužen  get stiff
¶imegren - vt - embitter, sour [‘make sour’]
¶imëlen - vt - inspire, arouse [yela, idea]
¶imelilan - vt - invigorate [im + elil ‘vigorous’]
¶imelirec - vt ø - indwell [‘live in’]
¶	Aď imelirë  the Holy Spirit
¶imepan - vt - enable, allow one to do
¶	So ëdič tan imepe sfahen dascoin  The spell enables us to speak to animals
¶imesan - vt ø - occupy (regular verb), reside [‘be in’]
¶imesát - n - occupation, residence
¶imfalë - n - bleach, whitener
¶imfalir - vt - whiten, bleach [‘make white’]
¶imfát - n - child [IMFANTOS, originally IMFANTUL ‘ensouled’, from FANTOS ‘soul’]
¶	imfát prosec  toddler
¶imfatë - n - childhood
¶imfayir - vt - logically require; entail [‘in’, used as an intensive, + ‘be necessary’]
¶	zet imfayir  to make oneself indispensible
¶	Ci-uleta imfaye soa prošä  This step logically demands the next
¶	Imfayu so alyom  I can’t do without garlic
¶	Soa reďréë zet imfayre dalun  The minister made himself indispensible to the king
¶imfronir - n - (MV slang) ghost, cut off, blow off [‘in the fridge’]
¶imgaran - vt - talk sense into, set straight [‘make sensible’]
¶	zet imgaran  wise up, come to one’s senses
¶Imiri - n - a messenger of Išira, and the name of a planet [IMIRIDETE, from Cuêzi {Rimidête}]
¶imiru - n - plastic; cel, cellophane [after its inventor]
¶imivren - vt ø - register [‘into a book’]
¶iml - abbr - for imbineyul, registered
¶imlažel - n - detail, attribute [‘inside item’]
¶imlebát - n - renovation, renewal
¶imleben - vt - renew, renovate [‘make new’]
¶	zet imleben  renew itself, be renewed
¶imlëdan - vt - straighten, arrange
¶	zet imlëdan  straighten (oneself)
¶imleleë - n - appearance
¶imlelel - n - publication; exhibition, display
¶imlelen - vi ø - appear, vt  exhibit, display; publish; make to appear [‘make to see’]
¶	zet imlelen  show off, make a spectacle of oneself; self-publish
¶imlelul - n - exhibitor 
¶imlëne - a - straight [‘in line’]
¶imlengen - vt - lengthen, prolong (in time) 
¶imletuen - n - precinct; grounds, lot [‘within the walls’]
¶	imletuen imřemul  consecrated lands; holy ground
¶imlicren - vt - impoverish [‘make poor’]
¶imloën - vt ø - rent out; what the lessor does [‘make to rent’]
¶	imloëc  landlord
¶immelioran - vt ø - improve [constructed from Caď. MELIOR ‘better’] 
¶	zet immelioran  improve oneself
¶immeliorát - n - improvement
¶immëria - n - encouragement; incitement, provocation
¶immërir - vt ø - encourage; embolden; incite, provoke [‘make fiery’]
¶immetan - vt - stick, insert [‘put in’]
¶immeyan - vt - baptize; immerse [‘into the water’]
¶	zet immeyan  be baptized; (MV slang) get drunk
¶immeyo - n - baptism; immersion
¶immezinen - vt - set in order, ready; clean up [‘into order’]
¶	zet immezinen  get oneself ready or in order
¶immišen - vt ø - pack [‘into bags’]
¶	Ya immišnai  I’m all packed
¶immočir - vt ø - corrupt; tempt, lead into vice [‘make rotten’]
¶	zet immočir  become corrupted
¶immolec - n - pusher, dealer [‘softener’]
¶immolen - vt - soften [‘make soft’]
¶	zet immolen  become soft
¶immorzen - vt - freeze 
¶	zet immorzen  become frozen
¶imnišan - vt - annihilate [‘make nothing’]
¶imnižny - a - overwhelming
¶imnižnyen - vt ø - overpower, overwhelm, force to submit [‘make helpless’]
¶imocan - vi Ag - start, begin [‘make to become’]
¶	imocan noyer  begin drowning
¶imoligec - vt ø - group, gather [‘into a group’]
¶	imoligec soi suspilaveci cum soin duavecin  group the suffering with the sinful
¶	zet imoligec  get together, group themselves
¶imora - n - digestion [im-  + ora  collection]
¶impažaken - vt - map [‘into a map’]
¶impisel - n - envelope, folder; (art) portfolio; (comics) album
¶impiser - vt - envelope, encompass, involve [‘fold in’]
¶impiteo - n - absorption, incorporation
¶impitir - vt - absorb, incorporate [‘drink in’]
¶implican - vt ø - imagine, picture [reborrowing of IMPLICAN ‘imitate inside’]
¶implicát - n - imagination
¶implisel - n - image, picture; something imagined [IMPLICEL]
¶impočel - n - burial, planting
¶impočen - vt - plant, bury [‘into ground’]
¶	zet impočen  (slang) pass out drunk 
¶imprenan - vt - concern, affect; embroil, involve [prenan ‘take’]
¶	Řo eř imprene  It’s none of your business
¶imprenát - n - concern, interest 
¶imprilát - n - accomplishment, fulfillment
¶imprilen - vt - accomplish, fulfill, realize, achieve [‘make real’]
¶improsiřan - vt ø - scandalize, outrage
¶impuyan - vt ø - print; push in, force one’s way in [‘press in’]
¶impuyát - n - printing
¶impuyec - n - printer
¶impuyoš - n - press; computer printer
¶	launivec impuyoš  rotary press
¶	ancëmure impuyoš  letterpress
¶imretan - vi ø - extend [‘into the distance’]
¶imriasni - n - inner thigh
¶imräfë - n - reformer; adj  progressive, liberal, concerned with rights or justice
¶imräfec - vt ø - reform, revolution [‘make just’]
¶	So řucor řo zet imräfte nikagdá  The government will never reform
¶imräfát -  n - reform
¶imröma - n - customs [‘in-count’]
¶imrömora - n - customs-house
¶imřeman - vt - consecrate, sanctify
¶	aďnáe imřemula Iširan  a temple dedicated to Išira
¶imřisan - vt - free [‘make free’]
¶	zet imřisan  free oneself
¶imscrifel - n - thaumaturge, magician; apprentice; initiate [‘into knowledge’]
¶imseltan - vt ø - admit, confess, profess, reveal, realize [‘in the light’]
¶	zet imseltan  (of things) be revealed, come out, be exposed
¶imseltë - a - blatant, out in the open; admitted, revealed [generally shamefully]
¶imsemizi - n - inner part of arm
¶imseoran - vt - purify [‘make clean’]
¶	zet imseoran  purify oneself
¶imseorát - n - purification
¶imsfëzan - vt - freshen, refresh [‘make fresh’]
¶insiran - vi Ag - incarnate (Eleďát) [im + Cuêzi {sīra} ‘flesh’, calqued on Greek]
¶imsirát - n - incarnation
¶imsisir - vt - polish [‘make slippery’]
¶imsusan - vt ø - dig, delve [‘into ground’]
¶imsuvan - vt - affect, influence, change [‘make to follow’]
¶imšagir - vt - empty, empty out; exhaust, deplete [‘make empty’]
¶	zet imšagir  exhaust oneself; (slang) vomit
¶imšatir - vi - (MV slang) get dressed [cf. {šati}]
¶imšešen - vt - dry  [‘make dry’]
¶	zet imšešen  dry, dry out, dry off
¶imšoruan - vt - darken, remove light [‘make dark’]
¶	zet imšoruan  get dark
¶imumbrir - vt ø - steal, especially at night [formation from imumbrom]
¶imumbrom - n - burglar [‘man in the shadows’]
¶imuran - vt ø - obey [‘in the clay’; i.e. prostrate oneself]
¶imurát - n - obedience
¶imutoran - vt - tame [im- ‘make’ + hutor ‘farm’; e.g. make suitable for the farm]
¶imuveren - vt - put on, don [‘into one’s clothes’]
¶	imuveren pautam  put on one’s coat
¶imvalitan - vt - knock down [‘make to fall’]
¶imvoitec - vt - penetrate [‘enter in’]
¶imyasnát - n - explanation
¶imyasnen - vt - explain, make clear [‘make clear’]
¶	zet imyasnen  become clear
¶imzolát - n - fortitude
¶imzolan - vt - strengthen [‘make strong’]
¶	zet imzolan  become stronger
¶imzulen - vi Ag - rejoice
¶imželea - n - reassurance, confidence; debugging
¶imželen - vt - calm; reassure, confirm; (computers) debug [‘make calm’]
¶	zet imželen  become calm; reassure oneself, put one’s mind at ease
¶	Řo vulu sul et imželen dy e oresta  I just want to reassure myself that it’s true
¶imživát - n - animation, promotion
¶imživen - vt ø - animate, enliven; promote, campaign for [‘make lively’]
¶incapir - vt - execute (laws, plans) [‘make revered’]
¶incapiye - n - execution
¶inceldan - vt ø - import [‘trade in’]
¶inclaë - a - famous 
¶inclaesa - n - fame
¶inclair - vt ø - publicize, make famous; brighten [‘into brightness’]
¶	zet inclair  become famous or well-known
¶incoren - n - hostage [im coren, in the court]
¶increšir - vt - grow, make larger [‘make grow’]
¶incretir - vt - gladden [‘make glad’]
¶increžec - a - parasitic [‘in-eating’]
¶increžoš - n - parasite
¶incrivan - vt - inscribe [‘write in’]
¶incrivel - n - inscription 
¶incruyan - vt - wind, coil, wrap [‘make tight’]
¶	zet incruyan  wind or wrap itself
¶incudec - vt - intrude; interfere with; push one’s way into [‘elbow in’]
¶incudeca - n - intrusion
¶incučec - vt ø - invade [‘attack into’]
¶incučeo - n - invasion
¶incurec - vt - impress [‘hold in’]
¶ind - n - pepper [HINDOS]
¶inda - n - (Ct slang) girl, maiden [Curiyan]
¶indaluát - n - coronation [‘make into a king’]
¶indečia - n - constriction, tightening
¶indečir - vt - constrict, tighten [INDETIR]
¶indësan - vt - call into being, create [‘make exist’]
¶indobren - vt - adjust, adapt [‘make good’]
¶	zet indobren  adjust or adapt oneself
¶indolir - vt - dig [‘make hollow’]
¶induman - vt ø - note, record, remark to oneself [‘into a note’]
¶	induman soa celsfaha  record the conversation
¶indunea - n - energizing, revitalization, replenishment; small meal
¶induneen - vt - energize, revitalize, replenish [‘make energetic’]
¶induran - vt - harden, strengthen [‘make hard’]
¶	zet induran  get harder
¶indurnen - vt - worsen [‘make bad’]
¶	zet indurnen  get worse, fall off
¶inďayec - vt - correct [‘make right’]
¶	zet inďayec  correct itself
¶inďësec - a - flattening; (Er. slang) boring
¶inďësen - vt - flatten [‘make flat’]
¶imďitel - n - intersection [‘in roads’]
¶imďitelan - vt ø - intersect
¶inďulan - vt ø - direct, conduct, lead; tutor; smooth [‘make smooth’]
¶	zet inďulan  get smooth
¶inďulom - n - director, manager; tutor
¶ineča - a - astringent— a binding or tightening substance [INDETIA; cf. indečir]
¶inglinir - vt - lengthen (in space) 
¶ingriman - vt ø - draw (out); get, receive [‘pull in’]
¶innesan - vt - found, establish [‘make to be born’]
¶	zet innesan  be founded
¶innülen - vt - curl [‘make curled’]   
¶innirul - n - automated, computerized
¶innirulát - n - automation, computerization
¶innirulen - n - computerize, automate
¶inteno - n - ingredient, element [‘have in’]
¶inteřen - vt - solidify [‘make solid’]
¶intorát - n - division, partition
¶intoran - vt ø - divide; share [‘into parts’]
¶intosen - vi Pt - condense; form dew; (genteelism) perspire [‘make dew’]
¶intošen - vt - warm [‘make warm’]
¶	zet intošen  get warm
¶inyát - n - kindness
¶inye - a - kind [INGES]
¶ionile - n - feminine gender [reborrowing of IONILES ‘female’]
¶Iori - n - Cuzeian name [Yeōre ‘river’]
¶Iorio - n - Eleďe name [OV {Georgio, Yeorio}]
¶iortan - vi Ag - flower [reborrowing of IORTAN]
¶Iosif - n - Eleďe name [OV {Yosef}]
¶iosil - a - merciful
¶iosu - n - mercy; royal pardon or reduction in sentence [reborrowing of IOSU]
¶	iosu!  alas!
¶	prodan iosum tyurmulán  grant a pardon to the prisoner
¶iosul - n - favor; (slang) bribe [‘small mercy’]
¶	onten iosul (+ dat.)  do a favor (for someone)
¶	gečir iosul (+ dat.)  give (someone) a bribe
¶	atäpan iosul (+ gen.)  accept a bribe (from someone)
¶	Vulu tun preser iosul  I want to ask you for a favor
¶iovu - n - nomad [Western {yobyu} ‘wealthy person’]
¶ir - prep - above, over; rather than; adj  upper [IR]
¶	ir etaldán  above the plain
¶	ir bemán (esë)  over my head
¶	ir ilon, ir totán  instead (of that)
¶	Ditavai esan ruket ir sfican  I’d rather be a hammer than a nail
¶	so ira Svetla  the upper Svetla
¶iräme - a - insolent, impertinent, impudent, presumptious [IRRAUMNE ‘above one’s rank’]
¶irämea - n - insolence, impudence
¶irán - adv - upward, upstairs
¶irbeďir - vt ø - survey, review [‘observe from above’]
¶irbeďo - n - survey, review
¶ircer - spaceport [‘above-port’]
¶irco - prep - up [‘up along’]
¶	lädan irco soa prosiam  go up the street
¶irďa - n - crop [IREŤA]
¶irďimo - n - yield [‘sum of the crop’]
¶írece - adv - up
¶irenža - n - steppe; in particular the steppeland of the Western Wild [Irinja, name given to this area by a Rafsani tribe]
¶ires - n - control
¶iresan - vt - control (regular verb); (MV slang) deal with, fix, arrange [‘be above’]
¶ireste - a - dominating, overarching, supreme; (being) a Great Power
¶irestát - n - greatness over all, domination; Great Power status [‘above-great’]
¶	irestát lë  your majesty (term of address for royalty) 
¶iretaž - n - attic [‘floor above’]
¶irestisát - n - colonialism
¶irestise - a - colonialist [‘dominate-ist’]
¶irev - n - (MV slang) nerve, chutzpah [abbr. ’moustache’]
¶irevolu - n - moustache [‘above beard’]
¶ireže - a - extraordinary, superb; uncommon, above average; (ratios)  greater than 1 [IRHECTES ‘above the ordinary’]
¶irežer - vt - highlight, feature, showcase
¶Iri - n - Eleďe name [OV {Iri}]
¶Iriam - n - Iriam Pere-iliu, the first iliu [Cuêzi {Iriand}]
¶iripan - vt - capsize, turn over [‘over-under’]
¶	iripul  upside-down
¶	zet iripan  capsize, turn upside-down
¶	iripulî!  bottoms up!
¶iripulan - vi - be upside down; (MV slang) pass out drunk or high
¶irlädan - vt ø - climb [‘go up’]
¶irlädec - n - astronaut
¶irlädeca - n - ascent
¶irlelë - n - oversight, supervision
¶irlelen - vt - oversee, supervise; overlook [IRLEILEN ‘watch over’]
¶irpouže - n - privilege, unearned power; (colloq.) clout [‘location above’]
¶irprile - a - surrealist [‘beyond the real’]
¶irränë - a - superior [‘upper rank’]
¶Irrean - n - Irrean (Flaid philosopher)  [Flaidish {ʔirran}]
¶Irreanát - n - Irreanism
¶irreanom - n - Irreanist
¶irsyel - n - outer space [‘above sky’]
¶irsyele - a - in or of outer space
¶irtekát - n - rebellion
¶irteker - vi Ag - rebel, revolt [‘stand up’]
¶irtëse - a - supreme [‘over all’]
¶irtošeo - n - (illness caused by) an excess of an element; overdose [IRTOSCEIO ’surplus’]
¶irunse - n - of or from the Irun Academy
¶irzina - n - leech– eel-like, bloodsucking, swamp-dwelling fish [HIRUDINA]
¶irzinen - vt Pt - bleed (medicine)
¶irzinom - n - supplier of leeches
¶irzoväm - n - prize [‘to be won’]
¶irzovec - vt ø - win; beat, defeat [‘overplay’]
¶	irzovec šendum  win a game
¶	irzovec ecuni drukán zië  beat a friend at knights-and-kings
¶irzovi - n - win, victory
¶iřodom - a - hallowed, holy [IȞODOM ‘sacred’, from IȞODEC ‘sanctify’]
¶is - prep - out of (always takes dat.) [IS]
¶	is mažtanan  out of the city
¶	is onoalen  off the spectrum
¶	so muďe bogaty is beomin  the richest of the barons
¶	druk is esë  one of my friends
¶Isac - n - Eleďe name [OV {Isaac}]
¶isceldan - vt ø - export [‘trade out’]
¶iscreniora - n - temperament, disposition
¶iscrenir - vi ø - feel (with heart), act; vt  appreciate, feel gratitude for 
¶iscreniy - n - feeling, sentiment [ISCRENILIS, from IS ‘out of’ + CRENIS ‘innards’]
¶iscruir - vt - loosen [is + cruy ‘tight’]
¶	zet iscruir  get loose
¶iscruul - a - (music) diminished, flattened beyond {embre}
¶iscun - a - simple, clear; prose; common, commoner [ISECUN]
¶iscuna - n - simplicity, clarity
¶iscuncrivát - n - prose, simple style; (prose) literature [‘simple-writing’]
¶iscunlerë - a - obvious, known to all ; commonplace, exoteric [see leria]
¶isdomen - vi - (Ct) elope
¶-ise - suffix - forms adjectives; e.g. sirise  physical
¶isecaiven - vi Ag - flee, escape [‘out of horror’]
¶	isecaivec  refugee
¶	isecaiven až tšurán  flee from the fire
¶isceldan - vt - export; (MV slang) get rid of, fire, lose
¶isčešen - vt - peel, shell, strip, remove hard or heavy covering [‘out of its shell’]
¶	zet isčešen  shed, strip off a shell, armor, etc.
¶isčuzen - vi Ag -save one’s ass, get the hell out (strong form of istusen) [‘out of the shit’]
¶iseléaku - n - source, raw material, matrix [‘out of element’]
¶iseléaky - a - elemental, primordial 
¶isežesom - n - outsider [‘outside of the neighborhood’]
¶isfařimen - vt - uncage, unleash; loose [‘out of cage’]
¶isfölen - vt - peel, strip, remove a light or leafy covering [‘out of leaves’]
¶	Soa frälina zet isfölne  The girl stripped
¶isgriman - vt - extract [‘pull out’]
¶isgur - n - (Avéle) primary school [Keb. {izgur}]
¶isindolir - vt - dig up, uncover [‘out-dig’]
¶iskriča - n - exclamation; exclamation mark ! <tt>!</tt>
¶iskričen - vi Ag - exclaim, cry out [‘cry out’]
¶iskuša - n - temptation [ISKUSIA, from IS used as an intensifer + KUSIA ‘bite’]
¶iskušen - vt - tempt
¶islaunë - n - (grammar) infinitive [‘outside the circle’, that is, undeclined]
¶islavec - n - wash away; (MV slang) kill, knock off
¶isleleë - n - disappearance
¶islelen - vi Ag - disappear, vanish [‘out of sight’]
¶isletuen - vt - forbid [‘outside the walls’]
¶	isletuul  forbidden
¶ismaë - a, n - Ismaîn 
¶	orgölse com ismaën  proud as a peacock
¶Ismaën - n - the Ismaîn language [Ism. {Ismaîn}]
¶Ismai - n - Ismahi [Ism. {Ismahi}]
¶ismarise - a - legitimate (child) [‘out of marriage’]
¶ismetan - vt - omit [‘put out’]
¶ismetát - n - omission
¶isnasitian - v - unload; (MV slang) vomit, poop
¶isnečan - vt - disenchant, dispel [‘out of spell’]
¶isoncre - a - irregular, exceptional [ISONCRES ‘eccentric’, lit. ‘out of the herd’]
¶isoncrel - n - an irregularity, an exception
¶ispolnir - vt - skin; (slang) remove clothes [‘out of skin’]
¶	zet ispolnir  (slang) get naked
¶ispuyan - vi Ag - ejaculate [‘push out’]
¶ispuyo - n - ejaculation
¶isscurin - a - abroad [‘out of the country’]
¶issirec - vt ø - unroll; tell (a story) [is + siirec ‘roll’]
¶	zet issirec  unroll itself
¶issirula - n - fable, anecdote, story, with connotations of artlessness or improvisation
¶istričec - vi Pt - protrude, stick out [‘poke out’]
¶istusen - vt - unmire, disentangle [‘out of the mud’]
¶	zet istusen  get out of trouble (once or habitually), get by, se débrouiller, dar um jeito
¶istusse - a - resourceful, worldly, knowing a trick or two
¶isu - adv - enough; such that; (slang or MV) very
¶	isu...dy   so...that
¶isuväm - a - payable [‘to go out’]
¶isuvát - n - date, rendez-vous
¶	sudir isuvát  make a date
¶	imprilen isuvát  keep a date
¶isuvea - n - departure, exit, launch
¶isuven - vi Ag - go out, leave [ISUBREN, verbal derivative of IS ‘out’]
¶isuvuan - vt - release, let go; fire; launch [dynamic tenses of ISUBREN]
¶isvarëcan - vt - rescue [‘out of danger’]
¶isvarëcno - n - rescue
¶išan - vt ø - search, search for [ISCAN]
¶išária - n - paradise (Caďinorian mythology) [ISCARIA ‘place to be sought’]
¶išát - n - search
¶išet - a - solemn, grave, serious [ISIEŤ]
¶išetát - n - solemnity
¶išfahec - vt ø - predict [‘say before’]
¶Išira - n - goddess of Light; (music) 7th note of a scale, fixed G# [ISCIRA, from proto-Eastern asi-γīra ‘noble lady’]
¶Išire - n - a planet; the ninth month [genitive of Išira]
¶išísia - n - escape
¶išisir - vi Ag - escape [ISCISIR ‘slip out’]
¶	išisec  escaped, escaping; escapee, fugitive
¶	išisir is tyurman  escape from prison
¶išnugá - n - handmaid [‘before-servant’]
¶iššalea - n - vanishing, disappearance
¶iššalean - vi Ag - vanish; cease to exist [‘out of the air’]
¶iššelát - n - loss
¶iššelec - vt - lose [‘out of place’]
¶	zet iššelec  get lost
¶iššelsira - n - leprosy [‘lose flesh’]
¶iššelsirom - n - leper
¶iššesán - adv - out, from home [is žesán, out of one’s home]
¶iššor - n - outlet [is  out of + čor  flow]
¶iššrifel - n - guess
¶iššrifec - vi Ag - guess [ICTESCRIFEC ‘foretell, predict’]
¶išumen - vt - exclude, shun [ISCUMEN ‘send away’ from IS ‘out of’ + CUMA ‘hearth’]
¶itësi - n - worry, anxiety
¶itësir - vi Ag - worry [ITENCIR]
¶	itësir eta kiscarda  worry about impotence
¶	itësir and marisán zië  worry about one’s husband
¶itëšše - a - anxious, worried
¶itian - n - spirit, soul, being; will, heart (part of quadripartite soul) [OV {ičan, ičyan} from ITIRAN ‘spirit’, from Cuêzi {itīran} ‘heart’, believed to be seat of soul; modified to bring the word closer to its classical and Cuzeian origins]  
¶	Itian Nëron  Holy Spirit
¶	itian partore  quadripartite soul
¶itianise - a - spiritual; immateral, relating to mind or spirit as opposed to matter
¶Iulia - n - Eleďe name [OV {Iulia}]
¶Iulio - n - Eleďe name [OV {Iulio}]
¶iveri - n - winter [HIBRERIS]
¶ivrec - vt ø - read [IBREC]
¶ivro - n - book [IBRO]
¶ivrora - n - bookseller’s shop
¶ivrorom - n - bookseller; (slang) homosexual
¶ivrosäte - n - library
¶iy - conj - or, either [ILI]
¶iyotra - conj - otherwise [‘or-else’]
¶izbanen - vt ø - confound, foil, screw up [‘off the road’]
¶izgečë - n - remark, comment; footnote
¶izgečir - vi Ag - remark, comment [‘throw out’]
¶izvlagen - vt - unsheathe [‘out-sheathe’]
¶izziëcen - vt ø - deprive, defraud [‘out of one’s property’]
¶izziëcsát - n - jealousy, envy
¶izziëcse - a - jealous, envious
¶iž - prep - before (time) [ICTE]
¶	iž prandon  before dinner
¶ižcrifel - n - past anterior tense [‘before past’]
¶iždesider - vt - prearrange, pre-order, reserve [‘order before’]
¶ížece - adv - before 
¶ižeďe - a - previous, prior, former [ICTEĎES, adjectival form of ICTE ‘before’]
¶ižefsë - adv - especially, most of all [‘before all’]
¶ižlädan - vt - precede [‘come before’]
¶ižlelen - vt - foresee [‘see before’]
¶ižmetan - vt ø - prepare [‘put before’]
¶	zet ižmetan ak lancan  prepare oneself for disaster
¶ižmetát - n - preparation; (printing) electoplating, transfer to a printing plate
¶Ižoräne - n - Purgatory, in Eleďe doctrine [‘before Heaven’]
¶ižplatel - n - prepayment, advance
¶ižplatir - vt ø - prepay, pay as an advance [‘pay before’]
¶ižžoren - vt ø - take precautions, assure (by forethought); make arrangements for [‘before-secure’]
¶ižžoresa - n - precaution [‘before-safety’]
¶ižovi - n - foreplay [iž  ‘before’ + žovi  ‘play’]
¶ižovir - vi Ag - indulge in foreplay
¶ižprando - n - cocktail [‘before meal’]
¶ižprandora - n - cocktail party
¶Ižžon - n - Foreyear Day [iž  ‘before’ + zon  ‘year’]
¶/K
¶kabakaba - n - noise [imitative]
¶kač - n - (MV slang) ass, butt [{kazčal}]
¶kačan - a, n - Kačanzan
¶Kačanza - n - Kačanza [from Kačanzan]
¶kačir - n - (MV slang) have anal sex [{kač}]
¶Kadoro - n - a First Age demon [KADORION]
¶kadul - n - (slang) ass, behind [diminutive of KADOS ‘buttocks’]
¶kadulolf - n - (slang) brown-noser [‘ass-nose’]
¶kaduloma - n - (slang) piece of tail, girl with a nice ass
¶kadutoc - n - anal sex
¶kadutocan - vi Ag - have anal sex [‘touch ass’]
¶kaë - pron - who (pl.) [KAHE]
¶Kahinisa - n - Kahinisa, the language of ancient Kaino [reborrowing of KAHINISA, from Kahinisa Kahina, cognate to Caďinas + nominalization -isa]
¶kai - a - lucky (OV name element) [KARIU]
¶kaina - n - (Er.) TV [Keb.]
¶kaite - a - (Avéle) lustful [Sarroc]
¶kal - n - forum, assembly [KAL]
¶	Mažtane Kal  Verdurian City Forum
¶Kaino - n - Kaino, Cayenas [KAHINO, from Kahinisa Kahinos, cognate to Caďinas]
¶kallogát - n - rhetoric, oratory
¶kallogi - n - speech [‘forum words’]
¶kallogom - n - speaker, orator
¶kaltén - n - thief [Elkarîl {nqîltêm} ‘burglar’]
¶kaltenát - n - thievery
¶kaltenise - a - of Kalténia; of the human race found on Lebiscuri
¶kanheu - n - outlander [Bar. {kankhu} ‘stranger’, ultimately from Cuêzi {cānexe} ‘odd’]
¶kansile - n - (grammar) correlative; (publishing) index [reborrowing of KANSILE ‘pointer’, from KANSEC ‘point’]
¶kapro - n - goat— medium-size, wooly domesticated omnivore; natural habitat: hills and mountains [KAPRO]
¶Kano - n - Eleďe name [OV {Luciano}]
¶kare - n - oil [cüe Kare ‘oil of Kara’]
¶karim - a, n - Qarau
¶Karímia - n - land of Qaraus; Verdurian colony within it
¶karnáe - n - gas station [‘oil-place’]
¶karyu - n - grace [KARIU ‘blessedness, favor’, from KAR ‘happy’]
¶	karyu ženei  general welfare, the common good
¶kascia - n - eclipse [reborrowing of KASCIA ‘hiding’]
¶kascir - vt - eclipse 
¶	zet kascir  be eclipsed
¶kasten - n - leap-day [‘hidden day’]
¶	zon kastenei  leap-year
¶kašcučec - vt - ambush [‘hide-attack’]
¶kašcučeo - n - ambush
¶kašeza - n - screen; panel, partial wall [KASCENSA, from KASCIR ‘hide’]
¶kašir - vt ø - hide [KASCIR]
¶	zet kašir  be hidden
¶	kašir ak vrakán  hide from the enemy
¶kašlelel - n - a peek, a sight of something hidden or hard to see
¶kašlelen - vi Ag - peer out, peek [‘hide-see’]
¶kašuek - n - hide and seek [KASCU EK ‘hide yourself’]
¶katy - n - spittoon [KATTIS ‘jar’]
¶kazčal - a - nasty, horrible; (colloq.) monster [probably from kečežil]
¶kazë - n - pointer, label [KANSILE]
¶kazeca - n - accusation
¶kazec - vt - point at; accuse [KANSEC]
¶	kazec so syel  point at the sky
¶	zet kazec  confess, admit
¶	kazec soa reďréä eta maupredesa  accuse the minister of dishonesty
¶	Kazao!  J’accuse!
¶kazoš - n - (computer) mouse [‘point-thing’]
¶kažgouka - n - veil; disguise  [‘hide-face-dim.’]
¶kažina - n - mistress [‘hidden girl’]
¶kažiorta - n - violet— plant with small, hidden purple flowers [‘hide-flower’]
¶kďuzec - vt - stab [synesthetic]
¶ke - pron - who (sing. ke kë ket ken, pl. kaë kaëne kaëm kaën) [KAE]
¶kë - pron - whose (gen.) 
¶kebrén - a, n - Kebreni [Keb. {kebren}]
¶	Sen e kebrén  It’s Greek to me
¶Kebri - n - Kebri [Keb., from Meť. {Kevrei}]
¶kečežil - n - pornography [*KAETIECTU ‘indecent pen’]
¶kečežise - a - pornographic
¶kedimo - adv - how much, how many; n  bill, check [late Caďinor KET DIMO ‘which amount’]
¶	voyir kedimam snucämán  send a bill to a customer
¶	Kedimo platreu?  How much did you pay?
¶	Kedimo uestom ya cumnuvne?  How many men has she slept with?
¶	Kedimo řo dormu, otál suspilavai  The more I don’t sleep, the more I suffer  
¶keďäm - n - fetus, embryo [‘to be borne’]
¶keďen - vt ø - produce, yield; bear children [KEŤEN ‘bear’]
¶keďeo - n - parturition, giving birth, time to give birth [KEŤEIO]
¶keďesa - n - production
¶keďnáe - n - factory
¶keďuta - n - generation [KEŤULTA, collective of KEŤUL ‘offspring’]
¶kef - n - ashes [KEVER]
¶	kef steklei  potash, potassium carbonate [‘glassmaker’s ashes’]
¶	kef lezüny  soda ash, sodium carbonate [‘ashes of Leziunea’]
¶kefmey - n - lye [‘ash water’]
¶kekan - vt ø - kill, murder; move tokens down on a metta; (games) capture [KEKAN]
¶kekát - n - assassination, killing
¶kekom - n - assassin
¶keks - n - cracker [Flaidish {kex}]
¶kela - n - stake, interest, share or stock in an enterprise [KELLA ‘share’]
¶keladan - vt ø - invest (conj. like dan)  [‘give a stake’]
¶	keladonec  investor, stakeholder; interested party; (politics) privileged classes
¶	Keladone kuna zië im so cumbutát  He invested his money in the business
¶keladoni - n - investment
¶Kentunór - n - Khemthu-Nôr, the God of the dwarves [Elkarîl ‘first spirit’]
¶ken - pron - whom (dat.) 
¶kena - n - flute, tube, reed [KAENA ‘reed’]
¶kenula - n - piccolo, fife, high-pitched flute
¶kenek - n - camel— large, rideable, desert-adapted herbivore [Bar. {kêntek}, from {kênt} ‘desert’, from KENTOS ‘plateau’]
¶kensa - stratagem, trick, scheme  [reborrowing of KENSA ‘how’]
¶kensen - vi Ag - scheme
¶	kensen ceštan so dalum  scheme to overthrow the king
¶	kensen and soin suloroin  scheme on behalf of the monks
¶kensom - n - con man, hustler, trickster
¶kensora - n - strategy [‘collection of stratagems’]
¶kent - n - plateau [KENTOS]
¶Keřú - n - god of the road
¶Keruna - n - a tributary of the Eärdur, in Célenor [KERUNDA]
¶kesel - a - with associated lands, landed [‘landed’]
¶kesát - n - possession; trance
¶kesir - vt - possess, as by a god or demon [KECIR]
¶kest - n - sort, kind, species, type; description; nature [KESTOS]
¶	so Kest  Platonic Form 
¶	kest ložië  part of speech
¶	soî kestî lesünî  the Thinking Kinds
¶kestora - n - natural philosophy [KESTORA ‘the Categories’]
¶kestoro - n - (esp. Ct.) natural philosopher
¶kesuë - n - land; real estate, territory— emphasis is precision and legality; cf. pážian [KESUILE ‘owned’]
¶keša - n - stop, halt [KESCA]
¶kešana - n - borough, ward [KESCANDA ‘jurisdiction; borough’]
¶kešarát - n - logistics
¶kešaro - n - reeve or alderman, chief of a borough; (mil.) quartermaster [KESCARION]
¶kešen - vi Ag  stop, halt; camp (mil.) [KESCEN]
¶kešaš - n - pause; punctuation mark , <tt>,</tt> [‘big stop’]
¶	lenge kešaš  colon (longer version of ‘comma’)
¶	bolyáše kešaš  full stop . <tt>.</tt>
¶kešaš-çuca - n - semicolon (kešaš with a dot)
¶kešašdan - vi Ag - pause (conj. like dan)
¶kešnáe - n - camp
¶kešuát - n - arrest
¶kešuen - vt - arrest [dynamic tenses of KESCEN ‘stop’]
¶ket - pron - whom (acc.) [KET]
¶këto - intj - (Er. slang) what’s up? [Sarroc {Kieto ďiowa?}]
¶ketu - n - brothel [OV {ketnare} ‘brothel, immoral house’, from KAETES ‘indecent’]
¶ketuom - n - pimp
¶ketuoma - n - madam (in a brothel)
¶keye - n - knock 
¶keyen - vi Ag - knock (make a sound) [imitative]
¶keyepila - n - knockball, a game involving hitting balls with a stick
¶Kezon - n - God of Fire turned demon (First Age mythology) [KAEDUN]
¶kezonát - n - demon worship, Dhekhnami paganism
¶kezonul - n - demon
¶keža - n - zeal, fervor, enthusiasm; (strong) morale [back-formation from kežul]
¶kežul - a - zealous, enthusiastic; fundamentalist [KECTUL ‘possessed’]
¶kî - pron - which [KET]
¶kiam - pron - when
¶kibi - n - shout
¶kibir - vi Ag - shout
¶kibruise - a - of the Bé human race found in Arcél
¶kîčosa - n - whatsit, whatchamacallit [‘which crap’]
¶kiel - pron - how
¶kiel-e - n - puzzle, riddle (invar.)
¶kielivro - n - manual, documentation
¶kielsfahe - n - tone of voice [‘how-speech’]
¶kies - vi Ag - to do what; irregular verb: pres. kiai kiei kiet kaiam kaio kaiu,  past kaivai...; fut. kaimai...; cond. kešelai...; participial root kaiv- [KES]
¶	kiei?  what are you doing?
¶kičosa - n - (slang or MV) whatsit, whatchamacallit
¶kio - pron - what (kio kiei kiom kion) 
¶	Totei kio?  So what?  
¶kiosy - a - (Avéle) tacky, mediocre [Sarroc kioswi]
¶kirka - n - rag
¶kirek - n - rag used for menstruation; (slang) menstruation
¶	Žire so kirek  She is menstruating
¶Kírumor - n - alternate name for Hírumor
¶kiscarda - n - impotence [modern formation from KISCIS ‘weak’ + -ARDA ‘disorder’]
¶kîšoz - n - whatsit, whatchamacallit [‘which thing’]
¶klevan - vt ø - demean, slander [KLESCEBRAN ‘clash, jangle’, from KLESCA ‘cymbals’]
¶klevotá - n - slander
¶kleš - n - cymbals [KLESCA]
¶klok - n - blocks— instrument which can make a knocking or rasping sound [imitative]
¶klokan - vi Ag - knock (hit something); (slang) kill
¶	Eluá, klokai ne ďerán  Behold, I knock at the door
¶	zet klokan  knock together, knock against
¶kluš - n - splash [imitative]
¶klušan - vi Ag - splash; (slang) piss
¶	zet klušan  (slang) mess up
¶kob - n - heading, headword (of an article); by an extension, an entry or article in an onemu [reborrowing of KOBOS ‘head’]
¶köbát - n - meanness
¶kobom - n - sergeant, ensign [OV ‘headman’, from KOBOS ‘head’]
¶köbni - n - (MV slang) bitch [Köbuneon, a comics villain]
¶köbu - n - meany
¶köby - a - mean [KUEBIS ‘cruel’]
¶kodäm - n - abomination [‘to be shunned’]
¶kodan - vt - avoid [KODAN ‘shun’]
¶koď - n invar - the 21st letter of the Verdurian alphabet, H or (Caď.) Ȟ <tt>H</tt> [ȞOŤ]
¶köh - n - tail [KUEȞOS]
¶kol - n - iron [KOL]
¶kolberda - n - railroad, railway [‘iron-path’]
¶koldas - n - iron plate [‘iron plank’]
¶kolë - n - steel [KOLILE]
¶Koleva - n - legendary female warrior [KOLLEIVA ‘iron she-wolf’]
¶koleve - n - (Ct slang) dyke [’of Koleva’]
¶konsec - n - councillor, advisor
¶konsél - n - advice
¶konsir - vt ø - advise [reborrowing of KONSIR ‘protect, advise’] 
¶	Len konsu faďnesa  I advise that you be patient 
¶konsit - n - a parliamentary bill before it becomes law; a resolution [KONSIT ‘advises’, the first word of a resolution]
¶Konselora - n - King’s Council; the legislature of Žésifo
¶kop - n - the large silver coin of Curiya [KOBOS ‘head’, from the figures stamped on it]
¶kop - n - drip, dripping; the sound of a drip
¶kopan - vi Pt - drip, leak [KOPAN, imitative]
¶kopi - n - a distilled halllucinogen [Keb. {kopira nacua} ‘distilled načwat’]
¶kopse - n - leaky; (slang) premature ejaculator
¶kopurát - n - distillation
¶kopuren - vt ø - distill [from KOPAN ‘drip’]
¶	zet kopuren  be distilled
¶kopurul - a, n - distilled; liquor; distilled drink
¶	vin kopurul  brandy
¶körum - n - cinnamon [Nanese köürum ‘peeled bark’]
¶köřát - n - cowardice
¶köřom - n - coward
¶Kořos - n - a demon [KORKOS, or a variant KOKROS, modified to match {köřom}]
¶köřy - a - cowardly [KUEȞRIS, from KUEȞOS ‘tail’; i.e. ‘showing one’s tail’]
¶kořu - n - leather [KOȞU]
¶kořuec - vt ø - tan (leather)
¶	zet kořuec  tan (said of the hides)
¶kořuom - n - tanner
¶koška - n - female cat; (colloq.) broad, chick [OV diminutive of {koša} ‘cat’, from KOSCA]
¶köti - n - squirrel; (MV slang) clit [KUEȞANTIS ‘big-tailed-one’]
¶koup - n - fruit [KOLPOS]
¶koza - n - kid (goat) [CONSA, altered to alliterate with {kapro} ‘goat’]
¶kozuát - n - exile
¶kozuir - vt - expel, cast out, exile, excommunicate [dynamic tenses of KODAN ‘shun’]
¶kraita - n - interior, insides [reborrowing of KRAITA, from KRAIS ‘limit’: ‘what’s bounded’]
¶kraitise - a - internal, interior
¶Krasnaya - n - Krasnaya
¶kreba - n - vessel, ship [reborrowing of KREBA ‘keel, spine’]
¶krebul - n - vertebrate [modern Caď. KREBUL, from KREBA ‘spine’]
¶Kregna - n - wife of Škagon (1st and 2nd Age mythology) [KEREGNA]
¶kriča - n - cry [imitative]
¶kričen - vi Ag - cry
¶	kričen iosun  surrender [‘cry mercy’]
¶Krist - n - Christ, Messiah; note however that in most instances Eleď  is used to refer to Christ [Greek Χριστός]
¶Kristnes - n - Christmas
¶kroďi - interj - damn! [krof aďië!]
¶krof - n - blood [KEROVOS]
¶	krof flave  lymph
¶krofse - a - cruel, bloody
¶krofseca - n - cruelty
¶krovan - vi Pt - bleed
¶krovuresa - n - sacrifice [KEROVEI UREICA ‘blood rite’]
¶	dan krovuresa  (make a) sacrifice
¶křumbil - n - bomb 
¶křumbilom - n - grenadier, bombardeer
¶křumban - vi  explode [imitative]
¶křumbeo - n - explosion
¶křumletniru - n - bomber (aircraft)
¶křumprak - n - black powder (explosive) [‘exploding powder’]
¶křuntuyo - n - rocket [‘bomb-pipe’]
¶ksař - a - (Er. slang) wasted; fragged [Sarroc]
¶ktë - pron - where [KEDIE]
¶ktëlog - n - preposition (pl. ktëloži) [‘where-word’]
¶ktuď - n - wrath [back-formation from ktuďe, replacing earlier OV {ktod}, from CTODOS]
¶ktuďe - a - wrathful [CTUĎES; c ≥ k synaesthetically]
¶ktüec - vt ø - suck; cheat, gouge [imitative]
¶	šesan ktüec piďan  give suck to a baby
¶ktuvóc - n - ktuvok— nasty swamp-dwelling overlords of Munkhâsh and Dhekhnam [Bar. {ktuvôk}, from Elkarîl {ktuphuq}‘swamp thing’]
¶	com ktuvocán  intensifier for anger, madness, drunkenness, etc.
¶kuaďiu - Planck’s constant [‘Kwadhiw’s (number)’]
¶kud - n - hole (pl. kuzî) [KUDOS]
¶kuda - n - (obscene) vagina, pussy
¶kumpa - n - boot [OV {kumpka} ‘stamper’]
¶kumpát - n - stamping, thumping; approval, ‘applause’
¶kumpen - vt ø - stamp, thump, trample; express approval by stamping the feet [imitative]
¶	kumpul  (MV slang) wiped, exhausted
¶kumpulen - vt ø - stamp, tap
¶kuna - n - money [KONNA]
¶Kunaceda - n - (Avéle) Treasury [Keb. {konakeda}]
¶Kunaša - n - the Treasury, the Exchequer
¶	Kunaše Fako  The governing party in the Esčambra
¶kunát - n - economics
¶Kundac - n - a demon [KUNANTAC]
¶kunete - a - financial, economic, monetary
¶kungu - n - (MV slang) tycoon, capitalist [Sfapa]
¶kungueste - a - plutocratic [‘money power’]
¶kunnáe - n - bank, brokerage
¶kunnaom - n - broker, banker
¶kunniru - n - automatic teller, ATM [‘money machine’]
¶kunondise - a - expensive [*KONNONDA, augmentative of KONNA ‘money’]
¶kundimo - n - expense [‘money-amount’]
¶kunvule - a - greedy [‘want money’]
¶kunvulea - n - greed
¶Kurya - n - Eleďe name [OV {Kuria}]
¶kusizan - vt ø - chew [KUSINSAN, prolongative of KUSAN ‘chew, bite’]
¶kušak - n - ogre [KUSCAȞ]
¶Kuro - n - Eleďe name [OV {Kuro}]
¶Kutro - n - cupbearer of Enäron [ECUTIROS]
¶kuza - n - cousin (f) [KONSA]
¶kuzo - n - cousin (m) [KONSO]
¶kuzula - n - second or more distant cousin (f)
¶kuzulo - n - second or more distant cousin (m)
¶kuzulora - n - extended family
¶kyodo - n - clove [from Trêng, a language of Téllinor]
¶kyole - n - dress
¶kyolime - n - (Ct) skirt 
¶/L
¶la - n invar - the 22nd letter of the Verdurian alphabet, L <tt>L</tt> [LA]
¶	la ismaa  Verdurian name for the ł used in Ismaîn
¶labi - n - tongue [LABANIS]
¶labir - vt ø - (colloq. or MV) kiss
¶lácati - n - cotton; (slang) nice outfit [LACATUREI ‘from Lācatur’, where it was grown]
¶Lácatur - n - the province west of Verdurian [Cuêzi {Lācatur} 'northland’]
¶lacaty - n, a - Lácaturian
¶lacri - n - tear [LACRIS]
¶lacriete - a - teary
¶lacrir - vi Ag - cry; become teary
¶lacuan - vt ø - settle, occupy, colonize [dynamic forms of LACEN ‘dwell, occupy’]
¶lacuec - n - settler, colonist, immigrant
¶lačan - vi Ag - ought, must, should [LATUAN]
¶	Lačai voitec ličín  I should sue
¶lačeo - n - duty
¶lädan - vi Ag - go, depart [LAUDAN]
¶	lädan (ad) Deštain  go to Deštai
¶	lädan sa elirán  earn a living
¶	Kiel läde?  —Dobrece.  How’s it going?  —Well.
¶lädeca - n - departure [LAUDECA]
¶ladizan - vt/vi - accelerate [LAUDINSAN ‘go quickly’]
¶ladizeca - n - acceleration
¶ladriyo - n - brick [LADRILO]
¶ladriyom - n - bricklayer
¶lädros - n - peach [Sarroc laudroȟ, from LUDROŤ ‘from Ludro’]
¶lagana - n - place, square, plaza [LARGANDA ‘wide place’]
¶lágadi - n - (Er. slang) dress, woman’s outfit [‘cotton’]
¶Lago - n - a mischievous sprite, the Puck of Almea; (Ct slang) gay man [LAGO]
¶	fako Lagei  hoax
¶lagu - n - income [Keb. {lahgu}]
¶lainec - n - (medical) patient [reborrowing of LAINEC ‘sufferer’]
¶laitón - n - brass; brass instrument [LAITONDOS, from LAITA, the city in Kebri associated with its manufacture]
¶laitonora - n - brass band; brass section
¶Laleda - n - Cuzeian name [laleide ‘youth’]
¶lambra - n - sheet, cloth [LAMIRA, from Cuêzi {lâmiras} ‘linen’, from {lâmas} ‘flax’]
¶lan - n - flax [LANNOS]
¶lana - n - (colloq. or MV) dear, baby 
¶lanca - n - troubles, trials, tribulation [LAINEICA ‘suffering’, from LAINAN ‘suffer’]
¶lanë - n - linen [LANNILE]
¶lanika - n - underwear for either sex [OV {lannilka} ‘little linens’]
¶lanyom - n - mercer, merchant of fine cloths— linen, velvet, silk, etc.
¶lapis - n - rabbit— small, fast-breeding, cute herbivore, sometimes domesticated; freshman, cadet [OV {lapris} ‘runner’, from LAPREN ‘run’] 
¶lapiskusku - n - bunny suit [‘rabbit-silliness’]
¶lapiskuskuom - n - maker of bunny suits
¶lapoc - n - radish [Sarroc, from Munkhâshi lapok]
¶lappel - n - tablet computer [Flaidish ‘flat thing’]
¶lapye - n - (MV slang) girl, girlfriend [dim. ‘rabbit’]
¶Lare - n - Cuzeian name [Lāure ‘pretty’]
¶laržát - n - width
¶larže - a - wide [LARGES]
¶laržise - a - liberal; free or broad in interpretation (cf. ložise)
¶las - n - fatigue, tiredness
¶	tenec las  to be tired of, to tire of
¶lase - a - tired [LASSES]
¶lätát - n - sports, athletics
¶lätan - vi Ag - compete in athletics [LAUTAN]
¶	lätan ak Ihanon  compete with Ihano
¶lätec - n - sportsman, athlete
¶lättom - n - arena, stadium [lätdom ‘sports-house’]
¶laťoro - n - (Er. slang) old man [Sarroc ‘village elder’]
¶laudec - a - (physics) positive [LAUDEC ‘going’]
¶	laudec nežio  up quark  
¶laun - n - circle; (grammar) paradigm; (computers) disk; (music) CD; (typography) bullet [reborrowing of LAUNOS, from Cuêzi {lāunas}; OV was {län}]
¶	gliny laun  oval 
¶	dör laun  CD ROM, DVD
¶	dur laun  hard disk
¶	mole laun  floppy disk
¶	laun alaďee  music disk, CD
¶launes - a - circular; smooth, flowing, wavelike; moving in circles 
¶launfes - n - cyclotron [‘circle accelerator’]
¶laungorat - n - cone [‘circle tower’]
¶launivát - n - rotation, gyration; (physics) spin
¶launiven - vt/vi Pt - rotate, whirl [intensive verbalization of ‘circle’]
¶launlädan - vi Ag - circulate[‘circle-go’]
¶launlädeca - n - cycle, circulation
¶lavan - vt - wash; clean [LAVAN]
¶	zet lavan  wash oneself
¶lavisát - n - dance; choreography
¶lavísia - n - a dance
¶lavisic(a) - n - dancer [LAUBRISIC]
¶lavisir - vi Ag - dance [LAUBRISIR, from Cuêzi {lāubrissâ}, earlier {lāunibrissâ} ‘circle dance’]
¶Lavreto - n - Eleďe name [OV {Lavrentio}]
¶Lazaro - n - Eleďe name [OV {Lazaro}]
¶lažar - n - lapis lazuli, lazurite [LADZUAR, from Munkhâshi lajwar, a gem found in Ctelm]
¶lažec - vt - get, acquire, obtain [LAGEC ‘snatch’ (colloq.)]
¶lažel - n - object, item
¶lažna - n - bottle; a unit of volume, 10 veraî or .806 l [LAGENA]
¶	tëcizec com lažnan meii  dull as a doorknob [lit., like a bottle of water]
¶le - pron - you (sing.) [LET]
¶lë - pron - your (sing.)
¶leb- - prefix - (of relations) step-, half-; (other) new-, neo-
¶lebako - n - rookie, newbie
¶lebcurulë - n - nova [‘new star’]
¶lebe - a - new [LEBES]
¶lebesa - n - newness, novelty
¶lebeřaner - vt - maintain [‘keep new’]
¶lebi - n - news [lebî ‘new things’]
¶Lebiscuri - n - a northern continent [’new land’]
¶lebiscurin - a - of Lebiscuri; (Er.) from the colony of Lébecyr
¶leviscurom - b - person from Lebiscuri
¶lebivro - n - novel [‘new book’]
¶leblirát - n - conception
¶leblirec - vi Ag - conceive [‘new life’]
¶	leblirec imfatán  conceive a child
¶lebmare - n - bride [‘new wife’]
¶lebmaris - n - groom [‘new husband’]
¶lebnáe - n - colony, new settlement [‘new place’]
¶lebnešél - n - gene replacement [‘new genes’]
¶lebom - n - novice, apprentice
¶lëc - n - link, bond [LENCOS]
¶lečec - n - (slang) gambler [‘scatterer’]
¶lečel - n - fling, cast
¶lečen - n - bourgeoisie [leta ‘money’ + žen ‘people’]
¶lečenete - a - bourgeois, middle class
¶lečenom - n - bourgeois, middle class person
¶lečir - vt - fling, cast, scatter [dynamic tenses of LETAN ‘fly’]
¶ledli - a invar - of porcelain or fine china
¶ledliát - n - the art of manufacture of fine china [after Ledley, Flora, a center for its manufacture]
¶ledliom - n - porcelain maker or seller
¶leďa - n - example, sample [LEŤA ‘lot, sample’]
¶	leďan  for example (Avélan usage)
¶	griman leďa  to take a sample 
¶	ašir leďa  to consider an example
¶leďad - adv - for example [LEŤAD, ablative of LEŤA ‘example’]
¶leďise - a - representative, typical, normal
¶	So luom e leďise koup.  The apple is a good example of a fruit.
¶leďora - n - sampler (of styles, poems, or printers’ works); (3200s) journal
¶leďul - n - representative, one selected to do a task for a group
¶lef - n - wolf— medium-size, fierce, carnivorous pack animal; (slang) crime boss [LEIVOS]
¶leffäbrau - n - lipstick [‘lip makeup’]
¶leful - n - (colloq.) pimp [‘wolfie’]
¶legan - vi Ag - lie, mislead [LEGAN]
¶	Řo leganei piron lë  Don’t lie to your father
¶legua - n - soup [Curiyan dialect; from Curiyan leigua ‘broth’] 
¶leh - # - one hundred thousand [LEȞOS]
¶	este leh  a leh squared, 10 billion; used for Caď. LEȞONDOS
¶lëka - n - drug [LENKA ‘remedy’]
¶lekadan - vt ø - drug, medicate; treat (conj. like dan) [LENKADAN]
¶lekádec - n - drug-seller, apothecary
¶lekadoni - n - treatment, therapy
¶lekadnáe - n - apothecary shop
¶lekaro - n - physician, doctor [LENKARION]
¶lekise - a - medical, apothecary
¶leiga - a invar. - (Avéle) topless [Keb. {leiga}]
¶	prosan leiga  to go topless
¶leilát - n - sight, vision 
¶lele - a - visible
¶leleë - n - sight, scene, view, vista
¶	leleë poče  landscape
¶lelen - vt ø - see [LEILEN]
¶	Ya lelne Vlerä  He’s fallen hopelessly in love [lit., he has seen Vlerë and gone mad]
¶lelesë - a - faithful
¶lelesa - n - faith [LEILECA ‘seeing’]
¶leleza - n - microscope [‘seeing tool’]
¶lelima - n - impression [*LEILIMA ‘glimpse’, a dim. of ‘sight’]
¶	E soa lelima ket prenai  That’s the impression I get
¶lelitse - a - realistic, accurate, resembling its model [*LEILIŤSE adjectivization of LEILIŤ]
¶lelitsë - n - masterpiece, classic, great work [LEILIŤ ‘precisely accurate’, literally ‘from sight’]
¶lelitsala - n - art [OV {leylitsala}, showing assimilation from earlier {leylitsana}, from *LEILIŤANDA ‘realm of great works’]
¶lelitsalom - n - artist
¶lemäm - n - scrap, slag, dross, chaff [‘to be discarded’]
¶leman - vt - discard, get rid of [LAEMAN]
¶leme - n - milk [a babytalk form of LEMMA ‘milk’]
¶	leme bulondula  custard
¶lememan - vt ø - beget; reproduce [‘new self’]
¶	Lememul Iainei  The Begotten of Iain; a title of Eleď
¶lememát - reproduction
¶len - pron - you (dat. sing.)
¶lën - n - line; stripe [LENNOS]
¶lenanë - a, n - Lenani
¶lëndimo - n - floating point number [‘line-amount’]
¶lengát - n - length
¶lenge - a - long (in time); long mark ¨ <tt>¨</tt>
¶	a lenge  long a, i.e. ä
¶	lenge cuzëa  Cuzeian length diacritic ` <tt>`</tt> as in ā ā
¶	pro lengen  for a long time
¶lengul - n - phase
¶lenocse - a - blond 
¶leoros - n - drugs, addictive substances [neo-Caď.]
¶leorulát - n - intoxication [LEORUL ‘drunk’]
¶lëpa - n - petal [LERPA]
¶leprosan - vt  invent, devise [‘walk new’]
¶leprosel - n - invention, device
¶Lerete - n - Cuzeian name [lerete ‘clever’; see lerte ]
¶lerezícue - a - mocking, amusing, witty [‘happy-mocking’]
¶lérežan - n - happiness
¶lereže - a - happy [LEREGES]
¶leria - n - understanding, perception— part of quadripartite soul (f); also a Cuzeian name (m. or f.) [LERIAS, from Cuêzi {lerias} ‘seeing’, from {lerê} ‘see’]
¶	iscuna leria  conventional wisdom, what everybody knows
¶	peuë leria  esoteric knowledge; what is known to an élite
¶Leritene - n - Cuzeian name [loan-translation of leribodê ‘full of understanding’]
¶lertáš - n - (colloq.) genius, brain
¶lerte - a - clever, smart [LERETES, from Cuêzi {lerete} ‘skillful,’ from {lerê} ‘see’]
¶lertlog - n - maxim, aphorism (pl. lertloži) 
¶lescom - n - merchant, merchantwoman [LESCEN ‘sell’]
¶lescoma - n - prostitute
¶lescomáš - n - merchant prince
¶lest - n - unit of distance: the Cuêzi {lestas}, about 2 km; the Barakhinei {lêsht}, 3 cemisî, about 2.25 km [LESTOS]
¶lesteo - n - restaurant [LESTEIO ‘place for meeting friends’]
¶lestuát - n - flattery
¶lestuen - vt ø - flatter [from dynamic forms of LESTEN ‘talk with friends’]
¶lesüas - n - rational being, person; personality [reborrowing of LESUIAS, itself a confused borrowing of Cuêzi {elerisuas}, from {lerisuê} ‘understand’]
¶lesuia - n - taxonomic family of the Thinking Kinds [reborrowing of LESUIAS, used in taxonomy]
¶lesuiviso - n - anthropology, study of all Thinking Kinds 
¶lesüne - a - rational, personal [LESUINES]
¶lešel - n - price (amount of sale) [LESCEL]
¶lešelial - n - inflation [‘price-rise’]
¶Lërei - n - goddess of literature [LELIREIS]
¶lësan - n - (MV slang) have sex [Šɯk]
¶lëšu - n - straightedge, ruler [LENISIU, from Cuêzi ‘straight-tool’]
¶leta - n - coin; (slang) penis  [LETA]
¶letan - vi Ag - fly [LETAN]
¶letcer - n - airport [‘flying port’]
¶leti - n - wealth (OV name element) [letî ‘coins’]
¶lëtyora - n - glasses, spectacles 
¶lëtiviso - n - optics [‘lens study’]
¶lëtiy - n - lentil, lens [LENTILIS ‘lentil’]
¶letkřumbil - n - missile [‘flying bomb’]
¶	celhunsirise letkřumbil  ICBM
¶letniru - n - airplane [‘flying machine’]
¶letuë - n - wall
¶	letuë vouë  electronic forum
¶	lädan visaner soa letuä  step out for a piss
¶	šesan friser soem letuem  cause a ruckus
¶letusca - n - butterfly— fancy-winged insect [OV ‘little flight’]
¶letusia - n - flight
¶letusok - n - kite [OV ‘little flyer’ (m)]
¶	šesan letan letusokán  fly a kite
¶leurec - vt - sip; draw off; pour [LEOREC ‘draw off a glass’]
¶leurula - n - sip, taste, saucerful, a bit
¶leusia - n - marsh, swamp; name of a demon (Caď Lisureis) [LISUCIA, from LISU ‘slime’]
¶leut - n - slime, mud [OV {lisut}, from LISUTES ‘slimy’]
¶levati - n - kiss
¶levatir - vt ø - kiss
¶leve - n - lip [LEBRE]
¶levivrec - vt ø - lip-read 
¶levuestu - n - werewolf [‘wolf-man’]
¶lezunë - n - shorts [from lezüny as these were characteristic of Leziuneans]
¶lezüny - a - of Leziunea, modern Ismahi/Azgami [LEZIUNIS, from LEZIUNEA, from Meť. {Lezyna} ‘big forest’]
¶ležel - n - lie [LEGEL, from LEGAN ‘lie’]
¶ležiren - vt ø -  wait for someone, wait up (cf. vižien, used more for expected events) [*LESOGIREN ‘offer friendly comfort’]
¶lial - n - rise; promotion
¶lialan - vi Ag - rise; (MV slang) ejaculate; move tokens up on a metta [LIHALAN]
¶lialec - n - lever; (typography) forward slash
¶lialuan - vt - raise; promote [dynamic tenses of LIHALAN]
¶lialul - n - (MV slang) sperm [cf. {lialan}]
¶licre - a - poor [LICRES, from LICIS ‘barren’]
¶licun - n - hazelnut [LICUNOS]
¶licunarb - n - hazel (tree)
¶licreca - n - poverty
¶ličicole - a - litigious [‘lawsuit-loving’]
¶ličy - n - lawsuit; case; trial [LITIS ‘quarrel’]
¶	ličy orivul  an appeal
¶	orivan ličim  appeal (a suit)
¶lië - pron - his, her, hers, its
¶lihse - n - soprano [LIȞASES, from Cuêzi {līxase} ‘higher’]
¶lim - n - slug— small, soft, slimy creature [LISMOS ‘slug, snail’, from LISU ‘slime’]
¶Limeta - n - a tributary of the Svetla, in the southeast [LIMINTA]
¶limura - n - breast [LIMURA, harmonized form of earlier *LEMURA, from LEMA ‘milk’]
¶limurbres - n - a band of cloth supporting or binding the breasts, either a part of a dress or an undergarment [‘breast band’]
¶Lino - n - Eleďe name [OV {Lino}]
¶linna - n - Kebreni noble; (Avéle) noble [Keb.]
¶linto - n - bicycle [Flaidish {linnitno} ‘two-wheel’]
¶lir - n - measure, melody [LIR ‘melody’]
¶lirát - n - poetry
¶lirnora - n - lyrics; song; movement  [sulírnora ‘poem’]
¶lirom - n - poet
¶liroš - n - poem
¶lisy - a - barren; bald [LICIS]
¶litne - a - pesky, annoying [LITNES ‘quarrelsome’ from LITIS ‘quarrel’]
¶litno - n - pest; beast; parasite
¶livan - vt - pour [LIBRAN]
¶livom - n - servant who pours drinks; bartender, barmaid
¶	žayë com livoman apros par ďuroi  very pretty [‘a barmaid after four pints’]
¶livoš - n - container, vesssel (for liquids) [‘pour-thing’]
¶lobi - n - (MV slang) head; dummy [Wesaitan ‘lorbil’]
¶lodimo - n - wages, salary [‘payment amount’]
¶	colir lodimam  earn a wage
¶loën - vt ø - rent [from loy]
¶	Loyam ci-atunim suleomán  We’re renting this apartment to a young man
¶	Loyam atun bomei cähei  We’re renting a room from an old lizard 
¶log - n - word (pl. loži) [LOGOS] 
¶loglaun - n - conjugation, declension [‘word-circle,’ after a Caďinorian system for arranging the forms in a circular diagram]
¶loglaunan - vt ø - conjugate, decline
¶logora - n - dictionary
¶Loi - n - Eleďe name [OV {Loi}]
¶lökol - n - black manganese, manganese dioxide [LEUKOL ‘iron for glass’] 
¶lom - n - (Avéle) apple [LOMOS]
¶lomo - n - type of fish
¶lon - n - honor, esteem, prestige [LONDOS]
¶	Ontenei lon piram lë  Honor your father
¶	Donei lon soan ženatán  You have brought honor to the family
¶lonëglér - n - acclamation [lon er eglér,  honor and praise]
¶lonëglérec - vt - acclaim
¶lonse - a - honorable
¶lonyolë - n - challenge
¶lonyoler - vt - challenge [‘face-honor’]
¶loryo - n - overseer of lands [BANLORION]
¶Loscuna - n - Cuzeian name (m) [Lôdicūnas ‘honorable deed’]
¶lösélta - n - reflection
¶lösélter - vt ø - reflect [LEUSELETER ‘reflect’, from LEUS ‘mirror’ + SELETER ‘light’]
¶losu - n - moose, elk— large, horned animal, native to southern forests [Axunašin losu, from Wede:i]
¶lotka - n - boat [diminutive of OV {lota}]
¶lotom - n - boatwright
¶loy - n - rent; renting, hiring [LOIS ‘payment’]
¶	mevel loii  lease
¶ložise - a - literal; narrow in interpretation [‘word’ + -ise]
¶ložiur - n - Xurnese court magician [Xurnáš lojur]
¶lua - pr - (MV slang) she, her [from {ila}]
¶luana - n - (colloq.) fox, looker [beluana, ’beautiful’]
¶luát - n - voluptuousness
¶lübec - vt ø - love [LIUBEC, erotic love]
¶	lübec im nuven  make love to (+ acc.)
¶lübise - a - erotic, sexual, romantic
¶lübor - n - romantic love [LIUBOR]
¶	sirise lübo  sex; the relations between men and women, especially the physical
¶lübotene - a - passionate
¶Luc - n - Eleďe name [OV {Luca}]
¶Luca - n - Eleďe name [OV {Luca}]
¶luco - n - bushel; unit of volume, nine gemárî or 36.27 l [LUCUS]
¶lučen - vt ø - miss [LUTIAN]
¶Lúďia - n - Eleďe name [OV {Luďia}]
¶Luďuca - n - Eleďe name [OV {Luďuica}]
¶lue - a - voluptuous [LURES ‘beautiful’]
¶lue - pr - (MV slang) he, him [from {ilu}]
¶lufe - a - loose
¶luka - n - bend, bow; anatomy  joint [LUKA]
¶lukan - vt - bend [LUKAN]
¶	zet lukan  bow  
¶lukona - n - chin [late Caďinor *LUKONDA ‘big bend’]
¶	ublian soa lukona  gape (mouth open)
¶lukulát - n - guilt, fault
¶lukul - a - guilty [‘bent’]
¶lunuran - vt - appoint, assign [LONDURAN ‘appoint’ from LONDOS ‘honor’]
¶	lunurul  officer
¶	So dalu et lunurne še reďréen  The king appointed me as a minister
¶	Tu et lunurne reďreon i Belgo  I was assigned to the ministry of War
¶lunurát - n - act of appointment or assignment
¶lunureo - n - assignment (area of responsibility); bureau, department
¶luom - n - apple [Svetlan dialect— Svetla is known for its apples, from LOMOS] 
¶luomarb - n - apple tree
¶lupek - n - fox— small, red, forest-dwelling predator [LUPEȞ]
¶lupeka - n - vixen
¶	minyón com lupekan  cute as a button
¶lür - n - woe [Keb. {lyr} ‘sadness’]
¶lüra - n - bassoon, low-pitched woodwind [LIURA]
¶luria - n m - wrestling [LURIAS, from Cuêzi {lurias}, from {lure} ‘twist, wrestle’]
¶lurer - vi Ag - wrestle [LURIR]
¶	lurer ak lebomán  wrestle a newcomer
¶luru - n - (slang) red wine [Sfapa for luyšor]
¶lüssë - a - insane [Cuêzi {lūssa} ‘insanity’]
¶lüsi - n - Glade— Eleďe consecrated ground, usually outdoors [Cuêzi {lūsi}]
¶luteon - n - orchard [LUTEION, from LUTIS ‘meadow, glade’ + -EION grouping suffix]
¶lutuli - n - meadow [Late Caďinor *LUTULIS, diminutive of LUTIS ‘meadow, glade’]
¶luyšor - n - a hearty red wine, especially those from Luyšor
¶Lúvore - n - Cuzeian name [lūvore ‘love’]
¶lüvrec - vi Ag - run, seep; glide smoothly between notes [modification, possibly by analogy with lübec. of LIUBRAN ‘glide’, from LIURA ‘low-toned flute’]
¶lüvrug - n - diarrhea
¶lužura - n - affection, love, family feeling [LUIURA]
¶lužure - a - affectionate, loving
¶lyö - adv - very
¶lyosi - n - (Er. slang) penis [Sarroc ‘barren’]
¶lyusta - n - (Er. slang) vagina [Sarroc ‘moist’]
¶/M
¶ma - n m - (music) abbr. for Mëranac, note 9
¶maco - n - dough; pasta; (slang or MV) wimp, weakling; bourgeois; (Er. slang) brains, smarts [MACO ‘paste’]
¶macre - a - thin [MACRES]
¶macrete - a - rare, scarce
¶macua - n - pop music; a type of common pasta dish
¶mačal - n - an elcarin gold coin, worth about 2 ořî [Elkarîl {machîl} ‘of 18’]
¶mädörn - a - powerful, triumphant, jovial [MAUDUNOR superlative of ‘giant’]
¶mafla - n - a blue flower yielding a soporific drug, “Almean poppy” [MAPOLA]
¶mafloš - n - the drug obtained from dried mafla flowers, intoxicating in small quantities and sedative in large quantities, an alkaloid resembling opium [‘mafla stuff’]
¶mafoš - n - (MV slang) drugs [from ‘opium’]
¶mafošom - n - (MV) drug dealer
¶magen - n - stomach [MAGNOS]
¶magena - n - a dress which exposes the midriff
¶magnotibri - n - nausea [reborrowing of MAGNOTIBRI ‘stomach pain’]
¶mahia - n - jaw [MAȞILA]
¶maíz - n - corn [MAHINS]
¶mal - a - poor; bad; wrong [MAL]
¶malát - n - illness [‘wrongness’]
¶maladnáe - n - hospital
¶malamórë - a - lustful; loving perversely or wrongly [‘bad love’]
¶malbenda - n - inefficiency [‘bad power’]
¶malbendre - a - inefficient
¶malbema - n - headache [‘bad head’]
¶malbosa - n - ill fortune, bad luck; a bad turn [‘bad luck’]
¶malbostene - a - unlucky, unfortunate
¶malbundrul - n - ne’er-do-well, schlimazel [see Bunori]
¶malcoli - n - discord, conflict [‘bad reception’]
¶maldobre - a, n - hypocrisy; hypocritical [‘bad-good’]
¶maldroďë - a - inauspicious, ominous [‘bad omen’]
¶malduisir - vt - lead astray [‘bad lead’]
¶	zet malduisir  misbehave
¶málemel - n - (legal) complaint; protest; (medical) symptom [reborrowing of MALEMEL ‘complaint’, from MALEMEC ‘speak badly (about)’]
¶malemec - vi Ag - complain (legally), protest [reborrowing of MALEMEC]
¶malemiles - n - plaintiff, complainant [reborrowing of MALEMILES ‘complainer’]
¶malene - a - distorted, warped, deformed [MALLENES ‘bad-mirror-like’]
¶malenia - n - distortion, deformation
¶malenir - vt - distort, warp, deform
¶malgeteme - a - ineffectual, weak, incapable of leadership [‘bad leaderish’]
¶malgiveca - n - sleeping sickness [reborrowing of MALGIVEICA ‘unliveliness’]
¶malhume - a - temperamental, moody [‘bad hum’]
¶Mália - n - (slang) VIP, boss lady [an empress]
¶malionile - n - venereal disease [reborrowing of MAL IONILES ‘womanly ill’]
¶mallädan - vi Pt - go badly with, not suit, clash [‘go bad’]
¶	mallädec  unsuitable, unfitting, inappropriate, unflattering
¶	So odaivun malläde so gintram.  The tie doesn’t go with the sash.
¶mallóg - n - bad repute [‘bad word’]
¶mallon - n - dishonor, indignity [‘bad honor’]
¶	Dei mallon nomán i Nařo  You dishonor the name Two-Sheds
¶mallonse - a - dishonorable
¶malložise - a - disreputable [‘bad words’]
¶mallübor - n - sexual immorality [‘bad love’]
¶malmagen - n - stomachache [‘bad stomach’]
¶malmizec - vt ø - speak ill of [‘bad-say’]
¶malmese - a - frivolous, light-hearted; silly, foolish [‘bad-wise’]
¶malnes - n - miscarriage, abortion [‘bad birth’]
¶malnesan - vi Pt - miscarry
¶	šesan malnesan  abort
¶malse - a - ill, sick (popular term; cf. mön)
¶malsfaom - n - barbarian [‘one who speaks badly’]
¶malvižul - a - surprising; surprise [‘wrong expectation’] 
¶malvižir - vt ø - surprise
¶malvolemát - n - unwillingness; ill will
¶malvoleme - n - unwilling; with ill will [see voleme]
¶mamaža - n - (Er. slang) con man [Keb.]
¶mametan - vt - recommend, advocate, promote [OV {manmetan} ‘put in one’s hands’]
¶mametec - n - advocate, proponent
¶mameto - n - recommendation; advocacy, promotion
¶manačel - n - gesture; sign language
¶	Manačel verdury  Verdurian Sign
¶manačir - vi Ag - gesture, gesticulate; use sign language [‘use hands’]
¶mancan - vi Pt - lack, require [MANCAN]
¶	Susluomî can mancu  We’re out of potatoes
¶	Len mance čaë?  Do you want some tea?
¶mancu - n - lack; a rhetorical figure consisting of a sulirul missing an accent
¶maneseyer - vt ø - grope; manipulate, handle; (MV slang) steal, cheat ['hand-try']
¶mankirka - n - handkerchief [’hand rag’]
¶mano - n - hand; a unit of 3.3 inches [MANUS]
¶manora - n - caress
¶manoren - vt ø - caress [mano ‘hand’]
¶manoricole - a - affectionate
¶marac - n - abacus [Tžuro {marag}]
¶maran - v - (MV slang) dig, get it [Wesaitan]
¶maramo - n - penguin [Tžuro {maramu}, from OS {maragmu} ‘it waddles’]
¶Maranë - n - capital of Viminia [‘of Maranh’]
¶Maranh - n - a legendary Caďinorian hero [MARANȞ]
¶	pondre com Maranhán  cheeky, brassy
¶Marco - n - Eleďe name [OV {Marco}]
¶mare - n - wife (legal term) [variant of {maris}]
¶Margite - n - Eleďe name [OV {Margarite}]
¶Maria - n - Eleďe name [OV {Maria}]
¶marian - vt ø - marry [dynamic tenses of MAREC ‘be married’]
¶	Raheli marine Ihanon  Rachel married John  
¶	So aďom marine Ihanam Rahelin  The priest married John and Rachel  
¶marilešel - n - bride-price [‘marriage price’]
¶Mario - n - Eleďe name [OV {Mario}]
¶maris - n - husband [MARIS ‘marital; spouse’]
¶marisa - n - marriage
¶	marisa išire  arranged marriage (Išira is the goddess of marriage)
¶	marisa fifelei  marriage for love (Fifel is the god of sexual love)
¶marmo - n - pudding [Flaidish ‘something put’]
¶maršo - n - beaver– small dam-building herbivore
¶Martina - n - Eleďe name [OV {Martina}]
¶Martino - n - Eleďe name [OV {Martino}]
¶maslo - n - butter [MACELO]
¶masloföy - n - lettuce— small roundish plant with soft, edible leaves [‘butter-leaf’]
¶mašir - vt - master [MASCIR]
¶mašrát - n - mastery
¶mašre - a - masterful [MASCRES]
¶	mašre mey  acqua fortis, nitric acid [‘master water’]
¶mašrom - n - master
¶mat - n - capture, seizure [ȞMAT]
¶matela - n - chamberpot [MATELLA]
¶Mateo - n - Eleďe name [OV {Matťaio}]
¶Matia - n - Eleďe name [OV {Matťia}]
¶matica - n - purse, wallet (pl. matisî) [MANTICA]
¶maticom - n - pickpocket
¶matuäm - n - warrant [‘to be seized’]
¶matuan - vt - capture [dynamic tenses of ȞMATAN]
¶maubruhan - vt - abuse, misuse [MALBURUȞAN]
¶maubruk - n - abuse, misuse [MALBURUȞ]
¶maucrusan - vt ø - fail to reach, fall short; fail, be defective [mal- + ‘reach’]
¶maucruseo - n - defect, failing
¶mauduše - n - skunk [MALDUSIES ‘stinky’]
¶maugo - n - (Er. slang) meal, snack [Sarroc ‘stomach’]
¶maukonsul - a - ill-advised, unwise [‘badly advised’]
¶maumec - vi Ag - gripe, bitch [MALEMEC ‘complain’]
¶maumel - n - gripe, bitching [MALEMEL]
¶mauprade - a - dishonest [‘bad honest’]
¶maupradesa - n - dishonesty
¶mauprenan - vt ø - misunderstand [‘take ill’]
¶mauřusy - a - sore, tender, irritated [‘bad muscles’]
¶mautruir - vt ø - destroy [dynamic forms of MALTREN ‘make worse’, from MAL ‘bad’]
¶mautruisa - n - destruction
¶mäzun - a - giant [MAUDUND]
¶mažtana - n - city [MACTANA]
¶mažtansäte - n - city hall, town hall [‘city-hall’]
¶mažtanul - a - civilized
¶	mažtanula alaďea  classical music (of Eretald)
¶mažula - n - town
¶me - n invar - the 23rd letter of the Verdurian alphabet, M <tt>M</tt> [ME]
¶meas - n - relation, relationship [reborrowing of MEAS]
¶meban - n - canal, channel [‘water-way’]
¶mebanul - n - gutter
¶mebrugë - n - whirlpool [‘water-twist’]
¶Meburi - n - goddess of endings [MEBURIS]
¶meca - n - daughter (pl. mesî) [NECA, assimilated to MEĎOS ‘son’]
¶mecin - n - a large Floran silver coin, worth 1.2 falî; a similar coin of Denisovič [Flaidish {meckin}]
¶meclir - vt - mix (past meclir-) [MECLER]  
¶	zet meclir  be mixed with
¶	meclir sel cum tsesin  mix salt with sugar
¶mecliviso - n - chemistry [‘study of mixtures’]
¶Meconso - n - the Keeper of Knowledge; a Caďinorian godling [reborrowing of MECONSO]
¶mecredimo - n - ratio, proportion [‘mixture amount’]
¶mecrel - n - mix; mixed-media; half-breed [MECLEL ‘mixed’]
¶mecrelise - a - mixed; in mixed upper and lower case 
¶meči - n - unit of area, 12,230 square feet [METIS, from Arániceri, cognate to MESTIS ‘field’]
¶medesi - n - aqueduct
¶medeta - n - pedestal [reborrowing of MEDETA ‘table’]
¶medra - (Ctesifon) feminine noble rank below baron
¶medro - n - nobility; dignity; greatness of heart [MEDRO]
¶	cum medron  with dignity; in ecunî, using the last move to threaten the enemy king, thus any gallant loss 
¶medrë - a - noble, great; (Ctesifon) noble rank below baron [MEDRILES]
¶medrësát - n - pompousness, pretentiousness
¶medrëse - a - pompous, pretentious 
¶meď - n - son; the Son (Eleďát) [MEĎOS]
¶meďi - n - job; profession [MEŤIS ‘task’]
¶meďiát - n - craft
¶meďina - n - tomboy [fem. nom. of meď ‘son’]
¶meďiom - n - craftsman
¶mëf - a - wondrous, childlike; loving; tearful
¶megua - n - period; specifically a time measurement of 6 minutes [reborrowing of MEGUA]
¶megrel - n - amplified, percussion-heavy music much like rock [Avélan ‘mixed’]
¶meilad - n - cobaltite, cobalt sulpharsenide, CoAsS [Bar. {mêlilôd} ‘fool’s silver’, from MUEL ‘blunt’ + ILALDE, Eärdur dialect ‘silver’, from Cuêzi {ilaldê}, a nominalization of {alaldas} ‘star’: the starry metal]
¶	gent meiladei  cobalt
¶mejaren - vt - (Avéle slang) get rid of; (refl) get lost [Dh. mejaruw ‘disappear’]
¶Melä - n - The Field of Athletes of Almea [MLA <i>Mesti Lätecië Almee</i>]
¶meläilo - n - a competitor in the Melä
¶Mélanë - n - Eleďe name [OV {Melania}]
¶melanke - a - of the human race found in Kereminth and Neinuoi [from MELANKES ‘black’]
¶melažanen - vi Pt - be convenient [MELA CTANEN ‘happen auspiciously’]
¶	Melažane  That’s convenient
¶melažano - n - convenience
¶mëlë - n - bee— pollen-seeking, honey-making colony insect [MELIE]
¶melašte - a - noble [MELASTES ‘best’]
¶meláštegues - n - aristocracy
¶melaštora - n - aristocracy, nobility
¶meli - n - way (OV name element) [MELIS]
¶Meliďéc - n - Eleďe name [OV {Melȟiseďec}]
¶melis - n - tactics; plan of attack [reborrowing of MELIS ‘way’]
¶melisea - n - (Ct slang) whore [’good woman’]
¶meliži - n - (Ct slang) bottom (sexually) [‘good boy’]
¶melnitát - n - gratitude
¶mélnite - a - thankful, grateful [MAELNITES]
¶meloš - n - honey; (slang) beer [MELOSIOS]
¶	meloš asënei  maple syrup
¶melürec - vi Ag - go on one’s rounds like a housewife or a doctor; search here and there; pollinate, go from flower to flower [MELIUREC ‘flit to and fro like a bee’]
¶melüreo - n - one’s usual rounds or routine; shopping; pollination
¶	lažel melüreei  errand, routine task 
¶mem - n - self [MESMOS]
¶memaďne - a - narcissistic [‘self-god’]
¶memaďnesa - n - narcissism
¶Meme - n - the brightest star in the sky [MEMEI, alternative form of MENEU, from Meť. {Menewa} ‘great center’]
¶mémia - n - turkey– large, stupid, forest-dwelling, herbivorous bird; (slang) loser [MAIMENIA]
¶mena - n - wave [MEINDA]
¶menca - n - form, school; style; paradigm, model [reborrowing of MENCA]
¶mencise - a - cultural
¶mencora - n - culture
¶mener - vi Ag - wiggle, wriggle [MENENER]
¶Menla - n - a tributary of the Svetla in Verduria [MENELA, from Meť. {Meneula} ‘slow’]
¶mense - a - loose [‘wigglish’]
¶mense - a - wavy; (slang) cool, neat [from mena]
¶meplavë - n - solvent, substance which dissolves another 
¶meplavec - vt - dissolve in a liquid [‘water-melt’]
¶	zet meplavec  dissolve, be dissolved
¶meplavel - n - solution
¶meplavul - n - solute, substance dissolved in another
¶mepuyan - vt - pump [‘push water’]
¶mepuyoš - n - pump
¶Mëranac - n - God of Fire; (music) 9th note of a scale, fixed A#; (Ct slang) gang boss [MIERANAC]
¶merel - n - measurement 
¶meremát - n - moderation
¶mereme - a - moderate, measured [MERESMES]
¶mëril - a - fiery, bold, energetic [MIERIL, from MIERA ‘fire’]
¶mëriparna - n - volcano [‘fire mountain’]
¶merir - vt - measure [MERIR]
¶	merul  well-proportioned, elegant
¶mers - n - market [MERAST]
¶merok - n - brain [MERUKOS]
¶merokna - n - (MV slang) big brain 
¶merokotá - n - neural net, deep learning AI [‘brainism’]
¶merra - n - phenomenon; circumstances, situation, case [reborrowing of MERRA, from Cuêzi {merrâ} ‘thing considered’]
¶	im merran dy řo šrifceo  in case you didn’t know
¶merššäte - n - agora, mall, market building
¶merteleo - n - gauge, measuring instrument
¶meřa - n - a type of herb, slightly bitter, similar to oregano [MEKRA, from Meť. {meγra}]
¶Mesát - n - Mešaism [from MESA, from Axunašin Meša]
¶mese - a - benevolent, wise, tender; playful, happy [MEISES, from MEIS ‘water’]
¶Mesia - n - Messiah, Christ [Greek Μεσσίας]
¶mesmere - n - substitute, alternate [reborrowing, as a legal term, of MESMERES, lit. ‘sameish’, from MESMOS ‘same’]
¶mesmeran - vt - substitute or alternate for 
¶mesocrico - n - hamster, guinea pig— rather small, playful herbivore; sometimes domesticated
¶mesti - n - field; diocese [MESTIS]
¶	mesti kesela  landed bishopric
¶mestináe - n - cathedral
¶mesuy - n - the small gold coin of Svetla, Bažra, Lapiri, or Cerei [Eř dialect form of metuy]
¶mešankeďesa - n - hydroelectric power [‘water-electric production’]
¶mešankeďise - a - hydroelectric 
¶mešu - n - the small silver coin of Ismahi or Denisovič, worth about an aržentul [Ism. {meçu} ‘half’; it was originally 1/2 glure]
¶metan - vt - put; place, position [METTAN]
¶	zet metan  meddle, intervene
¶Metayu - n - the ancient kingdom of Meťaiu [Caď. MEŤAIU, from a southern Meťaiun language; cf. northern Meťaiγo]
¶metayun - n - Meťaiun (language or people)
¶metešenë - n - the small silver coin of Cerei [‘half ešenë’]
¶metoř - n - the small gold coin of Curiya [‘half-gold’, since its value is .5 oř]
¶metta - n - table; calculation grid; (music) perfect fouth, three-note heptatonic interval [MEDETA]
¶metteza - n - tablecloth 
¶metulerec - vt ø - analyze
¶metuleria - n - analysis [reborrowing from METULERIAS, from Cuêzi {mētulerias}, nominalization of {mētulerê} ‘see the roles’]
¶metuy - n - the small gold coin of Hežina or Hroth and formerly other countries; (music) semitone [METUIS ‘half’, since it was originally half a bes in value]
¶meu - n - furrow [MEHU]
¶meucibor - n - niccolite, copper-nickel, nickel sulpharsenide [Bar. {mêlkibor} ‘fool’s copper’; cf. {meilad} and {civru}]
¶	gent meuciborei  nickel
¶Meuna - n - a tributary of the Svetla, in the far south [MEHONA]
¶méunen - vt ø - plow; till; (slang) tell off [MEHUNDEN]
¶meuoš - n - plow
¶mev - n - act, action; verb [MEBROS]
¶mevan - vi Ag - act [MEBRAN]
¶	mevan travëtei  commit a crime
¶	mevan še altomán  serve as leader
¶mevdonec - vi Ag - participle [‘giving action’]
¶	mevdonec etamizë  present participle
¶	mevdonec opfëe  past participle
¶	mevdonec silorei  gerund
¶mevel - n - legal document; contract; treaty
¶	mevel devhezátei  indenture
¶	mevel loii  lease
¶	mevel pugeei  bankruptcy agreement
¶mevlog - n - verb (pl. mevloži) [‘action word’]
¶mevložise - a - verbal
¶Mevost - n - a tributary of the Serea, in Sereor [MEVOSTOS]
¶mey - n - water [MEIS]
¶	mey vežë  sap
¶	Prenanei meim  Take some water [to refresh yourself after travel]
¶meyan - vt ø - water, irrigate; coddle, spoil, indulge; (slang) lie, exaggerate
¶	zet meyan  indulge oneself 
¶	meyan hum zië  lose one’s temper, give in to one’s feelings
¶	Meyec mira nure meyul imfát  An indulgent mother raises a spoiled child
¶meyn - n - (Er., Xurnese System) basic unit of length 7.6 cm
¶méyšue - a - liquid; coddled, spoiled [‘waterish’]
¶meytrava - n - meigrass [Uyseʔ mey + ‘grass’]
¶mezine - a - ordered; natural; planned by God; necessary, logical, obvious [MEDINES]
¶mezinë - n - order; the Divine Order; nature [MEDINILE]
¶mezinen - vt ø - order, rank, set in order
¶	mezinen ab znakin  sort alphabetically
¶mež - n - gyros, meat sliced from a rotating spit [Tžuro {mej}]
¶mëžen - vt - sink, immerse [MERGEN]
¶mi- - a = maternal, mother’s side
¶mico - n - mold (fungus); (slang) the blues, depression [MICO]
¶micose - a - moldy; (slang) depressed
¶mičy - n - urine [MITIS]
¶	šalea mičii  ammonia
¶	beh mičii  acqueous ammonia
¶Midei - n - one of the Fates; (lower case) birth, station in life [MIDDREIS]
¶miďë - n - celebration [MIĎILE]
¶miďen - vi Ag - celebrate [MIĎEN]
¶	Miďai cum len [mun]!  Congratulations!
¶mierile - n - tritonid— the ktuvoks and their relatives [modern Caď. ‘fire-thing’]
¶mifan - vt ø - allow [Curiyan mife ‘speak’]
¶	mifano  excuse me, let me through
¶	mifan fäsir soi šuščati  bury the dead
¶	mifanul  allowed, permitted
¶	Len mifai crežen ďeletá lë  You may eat your dessert
¶mifát - n - permission
¶Mihel - n - Eleďe name [OV {Miȟael}]
¶Miheli - n - Eleďe name [OV {Miȟaela}]
¶mika - n - unit of volume, 1/2 miy, 0.11 fl. oz., about 1/4 tablespoon [OV dim. of {miy}]
¶mil - n - thousand [MIL]
¶milka - n - sausage [OV milyka, diminutive of milyaso ‘meat’]
¶milüür - a - sad, poignant, full of longing [Keb. {milyyr} ‘with great sadness’]
¶mily - n - legion [MILGIS ‘unit of 1000 men’]
¶milyö - n - the underground; the criminal world or underclass [back-formation from {milyöse}] 
¶milyöřon - n - lower-class speech; criminal argot
¶milyöse - a - underground, criminal [MILGUESES ‘military’]
¶milzona - n - milleniuim [‘thousand year’]
¶mima - n - mommy, mama
¶mimifa - n - soap opera [play on ‘mama’ + munifa ‘spectacle']
¶mimu - n - scam; gaffed object [Keb. {mimu}]
¶minë - n - paper [MINGILE, from MINGA ‘mat’]
¶minka - n - mat [OV ‘little mat’, from MINGA]
¶minyón - a - cute [OV {mingondul} ‘beggar’, thus, ‘pitiable, helpless’; from MINGONDA ‘large mat’, the only possession of many a beggar]
¶mira - n - mother; alchemy ore or raw material for refining a metal  [MIDRA]
¶	mira plomei  galena, lead sulphide
¶	mira vué  larynx
¶mirtë - n - blueberry [MIRTILE]
¶mirun - n - (Avéle) ktuvok [Ism. {miryn}]
¶miry - n - (Avéle) rich [Keb.]
¶miscu - n - scrotum [reborrowing of MISCU ‘bag’]
¶mísia - n - fun [Cuêzi {mīsia} ‘joy’]
¶misotá - n - joke [‘thing of fun’]
¶misoten - vi Ag - joke
¶misura - n - silence [MESURA]
¶misuril - a - silent
¶mišek - n - sack, bag, pack [OV {mišok}, diminutive of mišu ]
¶Mišicama - n - the Mišicama Ocean [MITIGAMA, from Meťaiun Mičiaγama = mi- honorific + čia ≈ama ‘around the lands’]
¶miškičy - a - (colloq.) delicious, yummy 
¶mišu - n - large sack or bag; piece of luggage [MISCU ‘bag’]
¶	mišu caizure  bagpipe
¶	cum sažin mišun  starved
¶	demišen so mišum  get down to business
¶	egulen so mišum  shut up
¶miteco - n - (Avéle) corporation [Keb. {mitecau}]
¶mitra - n - (MV slang) friend, pal [Wesaitan]
¶mittir - vi Ag - urinate [MITATIR]
¶miu - n - meow [imitative]
¶miuan - vi Ag - meow, mew
¶miura - n - wonder [reborrowing of MIURA ‘stupefaction’]
¶miuräm - n - wonderful, marvelous [‘to be wondered at’]
¶miuren - vi Ag - wonder, marvel; gape
¶	miuren prî soán dekašin  wonder at the revelation
¶mivuno - n - (Avéle) province of Érenat or Kebri [Keb. {myvunau}]
¶miy - n - unit of volume, 1/12 verae, 0.46 tbsp; a spoon of this size  [MIHIS ‘spoon’]
¶miyire - a - natural, only to be expected [MIHIRES ‘straight, proper’, from MIHIA ‘ruler’]
¶	miyirece  of course
¶mizec - vt ø - say, tell; recite; mean, signify. Focus is on meaning or choice of words (cf. mizo). (mizao mizeo mis mizom...) [EMINSEC ‘prattle on’, prolongative form of EMEC ‘talk’]
¶	mizec com ženán  speak in popular or idiomatic terms
¶	Zet mis dy...  It is said that...
¶	Len mizeo dy žanme?  Do you reckon he’s coming?
¶	Tu mis soa Sfaha zdesy.  Verdurian is spoken here.
¶mizeta - n - topic, subject [mize- + collective -ta]
¶	so uestu mizete  the man under discussion, said man
¶mizo - n - expression, tournure, turn of phrase, way of saying something, rhetorical technique [abstraction from various words in -mizo]
¶	E urze mizo dy bruhnei  That was a funny expression you used
¶mižao - n - theory [‘I said’]
¶mižigo - n - photo, photograph [Keb. {miźirgu} ‘silver thing’] 
¶mižigoš - n - camera (also miží) [‘photo thing’]
¶mižiko - n - (MV slang) paparazzo [’camera guy’]
¶mižimetát - n - phototypesetting
¶mlake - a - black [MELANKES]
¶mlakon - n, a - coal; deep, glossy black (of hair) [MELANKOND]
¶	elirë mlakon  ember, glowing coal
¶	šuščat mlakon  charcoal
¶	čuél mlakonei  coke
¶	mlakon yešorei  grey antimony, antimony trisulphide [‘coal of kohl’]
¶mlakonia - n - (chemical) reduction
¶mlakonir - vt - reduce, heat with carbon so as to derive an element from its oxide
¶mlákšue - a - blackish
¶mlužir - vi Ag - loom, lurk [MELUGIR ‘approach’]
¶moano - n - pineapple [Lé mɔ̀nɔ̌ ‘hard-fruit’]
¶möca - n - sparrow— small, very common brown bird [MUECA]
¶möcre - a - jittery, agitated, upset; unruly [*MUECRES ‘sparrowish’]
¶močát - n - corruption
¶moči - n - rot, mold
¶močil - a - rotten, corrupt
¶močinec - v ø - pick, pick at, poke, hoe [MOTINEC]
¶močir - vi Pt - rot, spoil [MOTRIR]
¶močüka - n - hoe [OV {močinka}]
¶moitu - n - theatrical agent, impresario [Keb. {moiteu} ‘finder’]
¶mokan - n - a hallucinogenic drug, notorious for causing only bad trips [Rafsani]
¶möl - a - blunt, dull [MUEL]
¶mole - a, n - soft; soft mark <tt>î</tt>  [MOLLES]
¶	i molë  the letter Î <tt>Á</tt>
¶molë - n - the second highest of the five singing tones; alto; (slang) effeminate [MOELILES, from Cuêzi {moêlille
} ‘womanly’]
¶moleza - n - hammer [colloq. *MOLLENSA ‘softener’]
¶molezen - vt ø - hammer
¶molir - vi Ag - get high [jocular formation from mole ‘soft’]
¶	molul  high
¶mólnia - n - lightning [MOLENIA]
¶molnir - v impers - rain with thunder and lightning [MOLENIR]
¶	Molne  It’s thundering out 
¶mölšue - a - vague, unclear [‘bluntish’]
¶molya - n - moth— duller relative of the letuscî [MOLGA]
¶molyuazo - n - hummingbird [‘moth-bird’]
¶mön - a - sick, diseased  (medical term; cf. malse) [MALNES]
¶mönát - n - disease, medical condition
¶mondan - vt - hire, employ [‘give work’, from MONNAN ‘work’ + dan]
¶mondát - n - hiring, employment
¶mondec - n - employer, patron
¶monë - n - pocket watch [after its inventor, Claibrac Mony]
¶	zërë monë  marine chronometer
¶	ab monen Mažtane  in standard time, i.e. that of Verduria city
¶mony - a - brilliant, striking; salient [MONNIS ‘hard-working’]
¶mör - n - custom, way; (courtly or official) protocol; (scientific) rule, law [MUEROS]
¶	mörî verdúrî  Verdurian ways or culture; the Verdurian way of life
¶	so mör appakan dalun  the protocol for approaching a king
¶	mör avéle  Avélan rules (for boďpila)
¶mora - n - delay [MORA]
¶moran - vt - delay, postpone
¶morea - n - tuna— large ocean fish [MOREIA, from Meť. {morea}]
¶morgarda - n - agony; medical  death spasm [reborrowing of MORGARDA]
¶morge - a - morbid, unhealthy [reborrowing of MORGES ‘deathly’]
¶morut - n - carrot (pl. moruďi) [MORUŤ]
¶mos - n - (Er. slang) head [Phitikan]
¶Moseo - n - Eleďe name [OV {Mouse}]
¶moštol - n - feldspar [Bar. {mushtol}, from MUSTOLE, from Cuêzi {mûsstole} ‘common crystal’]
¶mot - n - sheep— medium-size, dumb, wooly, herbivorous pack animal [MOTOS]
¶motan - n - (MV slang) friend, pal [Wesaitan]
¶motana - n - sheepfold
¶motmyaso - n - mutton [‘sheep-meat’]
¶motucöm - n - shepherd
¶möy - n - squid [MEUIL]
¶mu - pron - you (pl.) [MUȞ]
¶mü - pron - you (pl. acc.)
¶mü - n - moo [imitative]
¶muán - adv - less [MURANA ‘middlingly’]
¶muane - a - minor
¶muanát - n - reduction, decrease
¶muanen - vt - reduce, decrease, lessen
¶muatë - n - half; sex, gender (quality) [OV {muantile}, concretization of muanát  ‘a small quantity’, from MURAND ‘middling, disappointing’]
¶	el muatëi  median
¶muatëpula - n - dome [‘half-sphere’]
¶muatëra - n - sex (group of people)
¶	soa timely muatëra  the gentle sex
¶muatise - a - by half; half-hearted, taking half measures
¶mučir - vt - borrow [dynamic tenses of MUTEC ‘be lent, borrow’]
¶mudraë - n - wisdom [MUDRAILE]
¶mudray - a - wise [MUDRAIS]
¶muďe - adv - more [MUSCEĎES, comparative of MUSCES ‘many’]
¶	de muďe  spare, extra
¶	muďe rožy dy Abend  more crazy than Abend
¶	soa muďe beluana is frälinen  the most beautiful of the maidens
¶	pro 10 ořulin er muďen  for more than 10 ořulî
¶muďen - vt - increase, make more numerous 
¶muďnirtey - a - general
¶muďnirto - adv - generally, usually, in general [‘most often’]
¶mügu - n - chasm, abyss [MINGU]
¶müguy - a - profound, deep; thorough [‘abysmal’]
¶muhnar - a, n - Monkhayu, Monkhayic
¶	ül muhnar  (ancient) Monkhayic
¶muhnaru - n - Monkhayu [MOȞNARU, from a southern Monkhayic {Monȟaru} ‘the People’]
¶muily - a - (Ct slang) effeminate, gay [Curiyan ‘womanly’]
¶muë - pron - your (pl. gen.)
¶müen - vi Ag - moo [imitative]
¶mulua - n - saddle (Curiyan dialect) [from Curiyan; cf. Cuêzi {mōllâ}, from {mōle} ‘soft’]
¶mun - pron - you (pl. dat.)
¶munea - n - (Ct) public life, politics [MUNDES]
¶munëi - n - position; career; job, task, role [MONNILE ‘work’]
¶	suvan munëa še alaďeomán  have a career as a musician
¶munëom - n - official, functionary
¶munenát - n - habileté
¶munénë - a - habile, clever, worldly, skilful, adroit [MUNENGES ‘suited for public life’]
¶munese - a - civic, public [MUNEISES]
¶munifa - n - splendor; (drama) spectacle, extravaganza [OV ‘worldliness’, from MUNEOS ‘public life’]
¶munifse - a - splendid, magnificent
¶munizát - n - creativity; fanciness, complication 
¶munizul - a - fancy, elaborate; creative 
¶	yon munizul  cake
¶Munkeaš - n - Munkhâsh [MUNȞAS, from Munkhâshi Munkhâsh]
¶munkeašise - a, n - Munkhâshi
¶mur - a - ripe [MUR]
¶mura - n - wonder (OV name element) [MIURA]
¶murca - n - magnet [TASIMURCA, from Cuêzi {tâsimurga} ‘pull-stone’]
¶murebode - a, n - fantasy; fantastic, fabulous [Cuêzi {mūreboede}, from {mūra} ‘wonder’]
¶Murere - n - Cuzeian name [Mūrorē ‘wonder’]
¶mürič - n - a Xurnese silver coin, 1/12 ej [Xazengri {myurič}, Xur. {miuris}]
¶murna - n - dinghy [MURINA ‘small boat’]
¶Muroro - n - Cuzeian name [Mūroros ‘wonder’]
¶múrtany - n - murtany, goblin; (MV slang) Internet troll [NMURŤANIS, from Elkarîl {nmurthankh} ‘one who denies elcarin solidarity and is ugly too’: n- agentive + murth ‘community’ + -ban ‘anti’ + -kh depreciative]
¶	com múrtanin  intensifer for annoyance, irritation, etc.
¶müsa - n - cape, point
¶musca - n - fly [OV, diminutive of musa ‘flying insect’, from MUSA]
¶muše - a - many [MUSCES]
¶mušcote - a - complex [‘many-sides’]
¶mušorale - a - polychromatic [‘many-colored’]
¶mutec - vt ø - lend [MUTEC ‘be loaned’]
¶	zet mutec  be lent, be on loan
¶	mutec soa pavona drukán  lend the wagon to a neighbor
¶	Soa pavona zet mutce drukán  The wagon was lent to a neighbor
¶muteo - n - loan [MUTEIO]
¶Mútkün - n - Mútkün [Central dialect Bar. ‘land of terror’]
¶mutkünise - a, n - Mútküni
¶muyo - n - peril [MULGO]
¶muyotene - a - perilous
¶mužigec - v - (Er. slang) jury-rig [Keb. {muťźigu}]
¶mužo - n - roar [MUIO]
¶mužoan - vi Ag - roar
¶myasnáe - n - butchershop
¶myaso - n - meat [MILASO]
¶	myaso ogudul  a roast 
¶myasoát - n - butchery
¶myasocreže - a - carnivorous [‘meat-eat’]
¶myasom - n - butcher
¶myassuco - n - gravy [‘meat-sauce’]
¶myasulo - n - meatball
¶/N
¶na - n - (music) abbr. for Nečeron, note 12
¶nabiratei - n - shipyard [Keb. {nabiratei}, from {nabira} ‘ship’]
¶nabro - n - ship captain [Keb. {nabreu} ‘shipmaster’]
¶nacuy - n - manhood, adulthood, maturity [NACUIS]
¶nacuyát - n - manhood ceremony (Caďinorian paganism)
¶načal - n - rule, administration; constitution, form of government [NAITEL, northern dialectal form of NACTEL ‘government’]
¶načalan - vt ø - rule, administer; the distinction between načalan and nažan is similar to that between head of government and head of state; conduct (a rite)
¶načalát - n - authority
¶načaúl - n - ruler; administrator, manager
¶nadízio - n - neutron [Keb. ‘mute, neutral’ + ‘particle’]
¶Naďanél - n - Eleďe name [OV {Naťanael}]
¶-náe - n - place (suffix) [NAURE]
¶náe - n - (Er. slang) town [cf. Sarroc {nawe}]
¶naga - n - foot; paw; baseboard (pl. naži) [NAGA]
¶nagacot - n - infantry [‘foot side’]
¶nagana - n - river delta [NAGANDA ‘footlands’]
¶naglädec - n - pedestrian [‘foot-goer’]
¶nagobo - n - tramp, hobo [‘foot’ + pejorative suffix -obo]
¶nahis - n - moon [reborrowing from Caď.]
¶nahispol - n - lunar colony [‘moon’ + Keb. ‘city, metropolis’]
¶nalya - n - (Er. slang) Native Lébiscuran [Phititkan ‘ash’]
¶Namašo - n - Cuzeian name [Namāsio ‘lordliness’]
¶nameran - vi Ag - intend [NAMAERAN]
¶namerec - a - intentional
¶	namerece  intentionally, on purpose
¶namerát - n - intent, purpose
¶nan - a, n - north [NAN]
¶	nana mažtana  the north part of the city
¶	mažtana nanán  a city to the north
¶	až Vyatán nanán  north of Vyat
¶nanilo - n - person from Nan
¶napa - n - dregs, lees, sediment; (MV slang) scum, rabble [NAPPA ‘dirt, dregs, crust’]
¶nar - n - king in ecunî [Cuêzi {narrûos}]
¶naraž - n - bullet train [Tžuro ‘eagle’]
¶naražan - v - (MV slang) have sex [from {naraž}]
¶nargo - n - (Ct) chieftain, barbarian king [Curiyan]
¶narnë - n, a - orange; breast [NARANGE]
¶naroda - n - crowd; the masses [NAURONDA ‘world, populace’, from NAURE ‘place’]
¶nař - n - (Avéle slang) hole, orifice [Dh. nakh]
¶nař - n - (MV slang) town, burg [Šɯk]
¶nařo - n - two-sheds (OV name element)
¶nas - n - truck [nasitec ‘carrier’]
¶nasčura - n - burden; freight; fee, charge [NACITURA]
¶nasinnáe - n - cargo hold
¶nasitan - vt ø - carry, transport [NACITAN]
¶	Siča nasitai  I’m pregnant
¶nasitát - n - pregnancy
¶nasitel - n - cargo, load; transportation
¶nasitse - a - pregnant
¶nasitul - n - passenger
¶Nasuael - n - Nasuael Swamp [NANSUUELOS, loan-translation of Cuêzi {guiscue Lacatosūelo}, ‘North Sūelas Swamp’]
¶naštory - n - the title of the ruler of Mútkün; the large gold coin of Mútkün [Bar. {nashtorî} ‘ruler’, agentive of NACTAN]
¶nata - n - (MV slang) boss [Nrínë]
¶Natalia - n - Eleďe name [OV {Natalia}]
¶Naunai - n - the smallest of Almea’s moons [NOUNAHIS ‘rain-moon’]
¶naurondise - a - global, universal; (religion) Catholic [*NAURONDISES, ‘of the world’]
¶	Aďeton Naurondise i Avéla  Avélan Catholic Church
¶navira - n - ship [Keb. {nabira}, from {nabru} ‘to sail’]
¶navirora - n - navy
¶	navirora celdonisë  the merchant marine
¶naž - n - realm, state, nation [back-formation from nažan, replacing OV {nažel}]
¶	naž orayec  vassal state
¶	naž satre  sovereign state
¶nažan - vt ø - rule, reign [NACTAN ‘govern’]
¶naždenë - n - postal service— generally, only for government or nobles’ documents; adj postal [‘state document’]
¶	dan pisá naždenen  mail a letter
¶	lažec pisá naždenëi  get a letter
¶nažeza - n - couch [NAGENSA, i.e. a place for the NAGET ‘feet’]
¶nažrömát - n - economy [‘national accounting’]
¶nažžen - n - bus [‘truck (for) people’]
¶ne - prep - at, by 
¶	ne kunnáen  at the brokerage
¶	ne šriftanáen  at the university
¶	ne ďerán  at the door
¶	esli esmei ne susaren  if you’ll be by the store
¶ne - n invar - the 25th letter of the Verdurian alphabet, N <tt>N</tt> [NE]
¶në- - # - nine
¶necöd - n - white of an egg; flesh of a fruit [‘by the core’] 
¶nëcto - pron - someone [NIES ‘someone’ + -kto  pronominal suffix]
¶nečan - vt - enchant [NETUAN]
¶nëcať  - n - (Er. slang) idiot [Phitikan]
¶Nečeron - n - God of Craft; (music) 12th note of a scale, fixed C# [NECŤERUON]
¶nedizi - n - banana [from a Rafsani language]
¶neletan - vt ø - pounce, spring, swoop down on [‘fly at’]
¶	Soa gurë nelete so gudun  The lion pounces on the antelope
¶neletel - n - pounce
¶neletse - a - aggressive, in your face
¶nema - n - niece [NECIMA ‘little daughter’]
¶Neméria - n - attendant of Caloton [MENAGRIA]
¶nemetec - n - positioner, one who helps clients using nemeto
¶nemeto - n - a combination of yoga-like exercise and proper positioning of the body
¶nemima - n - (MV slang) sibling [‘same mom’]
¶nemo - n - nephew [OV {meďmo, memo}, from MEĎIMA ‘little son’, altered to match nema and nepo]
¶nenalte - n - repetition of the same accented syllable [‘same accent’]
¶nenapiye - a - simultaneous [‘same-time’]
¶nenavuá - n - alliteration [‘same sound’]
¶	&lt;Corona&gt; tene nenavuá com &lt;rožy&gt;  ‘Corona’ alliterates with ‘rožy’
¶nenavuora - n - a dictionary of alliteration
¶nenë - a - same; n  something which is the same, a match [NENGES]
¶nënë - a invar - naughty, bad, mischievous [baby-talk for durnë ‘bad’]
¶nenëcote - a - equilateral [‘same side’]
¶nënësa - n - naughtiness, mischief
¶neneresau - n - rhyme [reborrowing of NENERESAU, from Cuêzi {nēgerêsāu} ‘same ending’]
¶nengeca - n - grammatical agreement [reborrowing of NENGECA ‘sameness’]
¶nennešél - n - clone [‘same genes’]
¶nepa - n - granddaughter [NEPA]
¶nepo - n - grandson [NEPO]
¶neron - n - guild; union [NERONOS]
¶nëron - a, n - saint; saintly; holy [augmentative of NIER ‘holy’]
¶nërona - n - female saint
¶nëronát - n - holiness, sanctity; sainthood
¶Néronden - n - the sixth day of the week, generally market day [‘Nečeron’s day’]
¶neronë - n - masterpiece— i.e. work required for guild membership
¶neronom - n - guild member
¶	voitec še neronom  be accepted as a guild member
¶neronsäte - n - guild hall [‘guild hall’]
¶nes - n - birth [NESSOS]
¶	čel nesei  birthplace
¶-nes - suffix - born to; e.g. Nanes ‘north-born’ (OV name element) [OV {nesc}, from NESEC ‘being born’]
¶nesan - vi Pt - be born [NEN, root NES-]
¶	Nesnai im Pelymán  I was born in Pelym
¶nesčena - n - birth celebration; birthday [NESTIENNA ‘birth-meal’]
¶nesetadec - a - genetic [‘birth-featured’]
¶Neskaryu - n - Christmas [‘birth of grace’]
¶nesë - a - native, innate [NESISES, from NEN ‘be born’]
¶Nesrei - n - the Goddess of Birth [NESSOREIS]
¶Neši - n - a tributary of the Eärdur, in the south [NICTIS]
¶nesšrifta - n - instinct, innate knowledge (first s is silent) [‘born-knowledge’]
¶nesšrifec - vt ø - know by instinct [‘born-know’]
¶nešél - gene [earlier nesiel, from ‘genetic’]
¶	suco nešélië  DNA; earlier, the substance underlying heredity
¶neššrifë - a - instinctual, innate
¶neteř - n - (MV slang) Verdurian [Šɯk]
¶netrogan - vt - contact [‘touch at’]
¶netrogulo - n - contact
¶nev - # - nine [NEBRI]
¶névnio - n - proton [‘nucleus-particle’]
¶nevnu - n - nucleus [Keb. ‘core’]
¶	dunea nevnui  nuclear energy
¶	pegeo nevnui  strong force
¶neyže - n - snow [NEICTE]
¶neyžen - v impers - snow
¶nezi - n - island [NEZIS]
¶neziom - n - islander
¶neziora - n - archipelago
¶	soa Neziora  the Nesian Archipelago
¶nežesán - adv - at home [ne žesán]
¶nežio - n - quark [Šureni ‘one third’]
¶	ctanec nežio  down quark
¶	laudec nežio  up quark
¶nežne - a - delicate [NEGINES]
¶nežnesa - dn - elicacy
¶nežura - n - blizzard, snowstorm
¶ni - conj - neither, nor [NIS]
¶ni - n - (MV slang) vagina [Šɯk]
¶nib - a - any [NIB]
¶nibcë - pron - anywhere (nibcë nibcëi nibcëm nibcën)
¶níbece - adv - at all
¶nibke - pron - anyone; declined like ke 
¶nibkiam - pron - anytime
¶nibkio - pron - anything; declined like kio
¶nibktë - pron - (archaic and dialectal) anywhere
¶nibsteräm - n - (computers) string [‘any-data’]
¶Nicano - n - Eleďe name [OV {Nicanor}]
¶Nícolo - n - Eleďe name [OV {Nicolao}]
¶nid - n - nest; hive; lair (pl. nizî) [NIDOS]
¶nidip - n - croak, ribbit [imitative]
¶nidipan - vi Ag - croak
¶niëma - n - park [NIERIMA ‘shrine’, diminutive of NIER ‘holy’]
¶nikagdá - pron - never [NIKEDA, influenced by fsëgdá]
¶nikto - pron - no one [NIKTO]
¶nikudá - pron - nowhere [NIKUDA]
¶nilai - n - (physics) charm [Nílàe, its discoverer]
¶nilne - n - skirt; (slang) woman [Ism. {nylne}, from {nyln} ‘wrap’, from NIULEN; originally the word referred to an Ismaîn style of dress]
¶	sevan nilna redelcëi  to sleep with a woman
¶	sevan nilna uestun  to give oneself to a man
¶nilnur - a - womanizing
¶nilnurec - n - womanizer
¶nimašea - n - assumption
¶nimašir - vt ø - assume, presume [‘plan to think’]
¶nimea - n - dare
¶nimec - vi ø - dare [NIMEC ‘plan to’]
¶	Len nimao eseyer  I dare you to try it
¶nint - n - algae [reborrowing of NINTOS; cf. nüt]
¶nintokare - n - algae-based biofuel
¶Niore - n - Cuzeian name [niōre ‘beauty]
¶nirauka - n - cicada; STOVL aircraft [imitative, with OV dim.]
¶niru - n - machine, engine, motor [NIRUS ‘machine, contraption’]
¶	So niru beže/bošne  The machine is on/off
¶nirul - n - device, apparatus [dim. of ‘machine’]
¶nirulesüas- n - artificial intelligence [‘machine-sentient’]
¶niruom - n - robot
¶niruisát - n - folly
¶niruise - a - foolish [reborrowing of NIRUISES; see nrüsk]
¶nirutá - n - computer language [‘machinism’]
¶niruy - a - mechanical, industrial
¶nirto - adv - often
¶nis - n - (MV slang) car [abbr.]
¶nise - n - gnome [NISSE]
¶nisen - n - automobile, car [Xur. {tirniswen} ‘wagon’]
¶niskare - n - gasoline, petrol [nisen-kare 'car oil’]
¶niš - n - nothing; zero; (interj) fine, OK, great (nišei niš nišán) [NISIOS]
¶	niš fleade  Verdurian name for the Q used in Flaidish <tt>Q</tt>
¶	niš er niš  absolutely nothing
¶	Řo e niš  It’s nothing, forget it
¶niše - a - zeroth
¶nišnoš - n - tangle, snarl [synaesthetic]
¶nivo - n - level; stage; place, job [NIVUS]
¶niza - n - fairy; a mythical species generally paired with the piza [variation on piza]
¶nizenäm - n - grudge [‘something to be avenged’]
¶nizener - vt ø - take revenge [NIZANDER ‘cast down’, from Cuêzi {nizanda}, from nize ‘low’]
¶	Ya nizendreu so kekom pirei esë  I have taken my revenge on my father’s killer
¶	Ya nizendreu and piron esë  I have avenged my father
¶	Ya nizendreu pro kekatán lië  I have avenged his death
¶nizenesa - n - revenge
¶nizontu - n - nightmare [‘niza -showing’; i.e. dream given by nizî]
¶nizze - n - the lowest of the five singing tones; bass [NIZASES, from Cuêzi {nizase} ‘lower’]
¶niž - n - smoke [NICTOS]
¶nižen - vi Pt - smoke
¶nižeza - n - chimney [NICTENSA]
¶nižezom - n - chimney sweep
¶nižnise - a - miserable, pitiable
¶nižny - n, a - subject; prone; subject; submitted; unresisting; (slang) wiped, exhausted [NIGENGIS ‘helpless’]
¶nižnyát - n - submission, humiliation; the state of being prone; misery
¶nižnyen - vi Ag - submit, grovel
¶	nižnyen soán vencecán  submit to the conqueror
¶	šesan nižnyen  force to submit, humiliate
¶nižžue - a - smoky 
¶nkaš - n - fear [Ism. {îcaçe} ‘terror’, from {îcaçŕ} ‘terrorize’, causative of ‘hide’, from IM + KASCIR]
¶nkašan - vt ø - fear
¶nočula - adv - together [NODATULA ‘tied up’]
¶nočy - n - night [NOTI, northern dialectal variant of NOCTU]
¶noďony - n - salmon— river-spawning ocean fish with orange flesh [NOŤONIS, from Meť.]
¶Nóe - n - Cuzeian name [Nōue ‘rain’]
¶Nof - n - a tributary of the Eärdur, in Célenor [NOVOS]
¶nogačia - n - usury, interest
¶nogačir - vi Ag - charge interest [NOGATIR, from NOGEN ‘squeeze’]
¶Nöla - n - a tributary of the Svetla, in Krasnaya [NEULA]
¶nolek - n - the large Floran gold coin [Flaidish {nolleck}] 
¶nölne - n - lily— plant with deep, showy flowers [NUELEN, changed to feminine]
¶nom - n - name, title; noun; given name [NOMOS]
¶	ab nomán dalui  in the name of the king 
¶	nom [ctelei]  given name; (grammar) proper noun
¶	nom anisei  a name of a class with one member, such as priroda ‘nature’, or Almea
¶	nom čelei  place name, toponym
¶	nom kestei  common noun
¶	nom mevei  verbal noun
¶	nom promevec  pronoun
¶nömu - n - (MV slang) Etanëist, communist [from Nöla Free State]
¶nomako - n - nickname [‘name’ + nicknaming suffix]
¶nomelî - n - weather (f. pl., -i declension)  [NOUMELIAT ‘the ways of rain’]
¶nomen - vt - name, call; deem [NOMEN]
¶	nomen so sefam i avo lië  name the boy after his grandfather
¶	Zet nome Fon-atcê-siumé  She calls herself Fon-atcê-siumé  
¶nomise - a - nominal; by name (cf. guésise, amrábise)
¶	nomisece  namely
¶nora - n - daughter-in-law [NOSERA ‘one who weds’]
¶noroum - a - vast [OV {nolruom} ‘giant’, Flaidish {noller} ‘gigantic’ + -om]
¶nos - n - wedding [NOSOS]
¶nosäm - a - engaged [‘to be wed’]
¶nosan - vi Ag - wed
¶	Ihano er Raheli nosnu  Ihano and Raheli got married 
¶nošcerey - n - g, the gravitational constant [after Äron Nošcerey]
¶nosnočy - n - honeymoon [‘wedding night’]
¶nosüe - n - gift to in-laws [NOSIUILE]
¶notan - vi Ag - (Avéle) swim [NOTAN]
¶nou - n - rain (archaic; also an OV name element) [NOU]
¶noyer - vt -  drown someone [NOER ‘rain’]
¶	zet noyer  drown by oneself
¶	noyer im galumon  go bad, go downhill [‘drown in a bathtub’]
¶noyra - n - yam, sweet potato [Flaidish {niira}, from Nanese {nyara}]
¶nozir - vt - knot
¶nozu - n - knot; trouble [NODU]
¶	Ei tana im nozun  You’re in a bind, all right
¶nožea - n - squeeze
¶nožen - vt - squeeze [NOGEN ‘press’]
¶nožranen - vt - trim, cut (hair) [back-formation from nožranoš]
¶nožranom - n - barber
¶nožranoš - n - scissors [‘squeeze-knife’]
¶nožu - n - night (OV name element) [NOCTU; compare nočy]
¶nožulea - n - pinch
¶nožulen - vt - pinch [‘little squeeze’]
¶nožuven - vi Pt - stay, remain, lodge [NOCTUBREN ‘spend the night’]
¶	So oraž mifne nožuven ďuni huyoni taë   The storm spared two of our chickens 
¶	Piro esë sen šesne nožuven cum vlaín  My father left me with my uncle
¶nožuvulen - vi Pt - (colloq.) spend time, hang around
¶nrüsk - n - fool; dwarf [OV {nirüsok}, diminutive of NIRUISES ‘foolish’, originally ‘mechanical, contrived, over-elaborated’; from NIRUS ‘machine’]
¶nrüske - a - foolish
¶nu - interj - well!
¶nuconi - n - ramp [NUCONDIS, augmententative of NUCIS ‘ramp’]
¶nuča - n - seal, otter— small, playful shore-dwelling omnivore [NUTRIA]
¶nukan - vi Ag - flip, jerk; shift [imitative]
¶nüle - n - curl
¶nülen - vi Pt - curl [NIULEN ‘wrap’]
¶nültene - a - curly [‘has curl’]
¶num - n - direction, heading, bearing [NUMOS]
¶nümäm - a - awesome, awe-inspiring
¶nüman - vt Pt - dread [NIUMAN]
¶numícoro - n - the leader of the Arašei church [Cuêzi {numīcuras} ‘prophet’, reinterpreted as ‘lord of direction’]
¶nümiviso - n - theology; study of religion [’awe-study’]
¶nümin - n - awe, dread [NIUMIS]
¶numonten - vi Ag - direct; address [‘show-direction’]
¶	numonten uestun Vyatán  direct a man to Vyat
¶	numonten pisán dalun  address a letter to the king
¶numontu - n - directions, address
¶nun - adv - now [NUNC]
¶	nun iy žanmen  sooner or later
¶núnece - adv - (with past) just; (with future) about to; (with present) right now
¶	Núnece crežnai  I just ate
¶	Núnece fäsretum  We’re about to leave
¶	Immezinai núnece atún esë  I’m cleaning my room right now
¶nuncre - n - (law, philosophy) state, status, condition; (Caď. grammar) static tense [NUNCRES ‘current’, from NUNC ‘now’]
¶nuncreisa - n - (grammar) aspect
¶nunei - adv - henceforth
¶nuotan - vi Ag - swim [Viminian dialect, from NOTAN]
¶nuotu - n - swim
¶nuotun - n - swimsuit [‘(outfit for) swimming’]
¶nurictoš - n - nutrient [neo-Caď., from ‘food’]
¶nurir - vt/vi Pt - develop; nurture, nourish, foster; raise, rear [NURIR ‘develop, nourish’]
¶nurža - n - food [NURICTA ‘provisions’, from NURIC ‘providing’, from NURIR]
¶nuržoš - n - manger, trough
¶nüs - n - nut [NINSOS]
¶nusse - a - determined, dedicated, tenacious [NUSISES, from NUSIAN ‘be set on’]
¶nüstrava - n - nutgrass, a Téllinorese crop [‘nut-grass’, from its taste]
¶nusy - n - wedge; prism [NUCIS]
¶nuš - n - frost [NUSCOS]
¶nušan - vi Pt - freeze, experience a frost (of weather, impersonal)
¶	Ci-nočin nušme  We’ll have frost tonight
¶nüt - n - scum, foam [NINTOS ‘foam’]
¶nuva - n - bed [NUBRA]
¶	lübec im nuvan Rahela  make love to Raheli
¶nuven - vi Ag - go to bed
¶nuvenda - n - loose tunic to wear in bed; nightgown, pajamas [nuva + hend 'bedshirt'] 
¶nuvnáe - n - bedroom
¶nuvora - n - dormitory, barracks
¶/O
¶o - n invar - the third letter of the Verdurian alphabet, O <tt>O</tt> [O]
¶o - n - (music) abbr. for Oruseon, note 5
¶ö - interj - uh, er 
¶obad - a - prosperous [Caizu {obad}; from OV {opát} ‘richness’, from OPOS ‘wealth’]
¶obadan - vi Pt - prosper
¶obadát - n - prosperity
¶obela - n - nebula [reborrowing of OBELA ‘cloud’]
¶	beďir soem obelom  be laid flat
¶obelne - a - gloomy; dismal
¶Obenzaya - n - Obenzaya, a Naviu nation on the southern edge of the Plain [Curiyan; from Obenzayet Ubiŋkayaz]
¶obenzaye - a, n - Obenzayan
¶obika - n - cloud [OV {obelka}, diminutive of OBELA ‘cloud’]
¶obleme - a - cloudy; blurry, diffuse; unclear
¶obly - n - wild boar— large, tusked, wild, forest-dwelling scavenger, related to the šuča [OBELIS ‘tusked one’, from OBA ‘tusk’]
¶ocan - vi Pt - get, become, turn— temporary change of state [OLOCAN]
¶	ocan ošte  to get drunk
¶ocát - n - state, status¶ocdurnen - vi Pt - deteriorate [‘get worse’]
¶ocorbi - n - insult, outrage
¶ocorbir - vt - insult, outrage [UCORBIR]
¶Odaivu - n - O-Dayevu, capital city of Nan [Nanese O-Dayevu]
¶odaivun - n - tie, cravat; of or relating to O-Dayevu 
¶oď - n invar - an obsolete letter of the Caďinorian alphabet, Ú <tt>…</tt>
¶oďi - n - clitoris [OĎIS ‘knob’]
¶ofóriza - n - fertility
¶ofóry - a - fertile [OFORIS]
¶ogaš - n - early Dhekhnami mobile artillery [Dh. ogash]
¶oge - a - ferocious
¶ogón - n - flame, fire [OGONOS]
¶ogorék - n - cucumber; knickerbockers [OV diminutive of UGOR ‘squash’]
¶ogudia - n - roasting
¶ogudir - vt ø - roast, broil; insult, flame [OGONDIR, from OGONOS ‘flame]
¶oh - n - gold (OV name element) [OȞ; cf. oř ]
¶Oikumene - n - the Earth, the homeland of the Eleniki [Greek οἰκουμήνη ‘the habitable world’]
¶oimorë - n - feces, excretion
¶oimorec - vi Ag - excrete, defecate [reborrowing of OIMOREC, from Cuêzi {ōimôurê} ‘push out’]
¶oir - vt ø - listen to a sound [OHIR]
¶	oir so grom  listen to the thunder
¶	oiro!  well! now then!
¶	cot oecei  second person
¶okronte - a - hideous [reborrowing of Okrond, name of a monster]
¶Olašu - n - First month; also God of Beginnings [OLASIU]
¶Olesama - n - Cuzeian name [{Olesāma}]
¶ole - n - crystal [Cuêzi {ole}]
¶olf - n - nose; (slang) crime boss [OLVOS]
¶	šenan so olf  stink
¶olfkud - n - nostril [‘nose-hole’]
¶oligec - vt - tie, fasten; group together
¶	oligec so imfát ad soán feriorán  tie the child to the chair
¶	Soî zutî zam oligu  The wicked flock together
¶oligom - n - partisan, supporter; member (of an organization)
¶oligu - n - group; faction, clique [OLIGU]
¶oligugués - n - oligarchy
¶olior - a - terrible, awe-inspiring [HOLIOR, from Cuêzi {xōliore} ‘thunderous’, from {xōliu} ‘thunder’]
¶olocec - n - (Caď. grammar) dynamic tense [OLOCEC ‘becoming’]
¶Olon - n - Cuzeian name [oluon ‘buttress’, from olue ‘hold’]
¶ološan - v - (MV slang) sleep [{oreloš}]
¶olotan - vt Pt - feel (in guts) [OLONTAN]
¶olotë - n - feeling, emotion [OLONTILE]
¶olotëte - a - emotional, passionate, turbulent
¶olute - a - fair [OLONŤES]
¶olotražec - vt - deserve, rate [‘fair-get’]
¶olotražel - n - desserts, reward
¶-om - suffix - man [OV -uom]
¶omár - n - lobster— large, sea-dwelling, clawed crustacean— on Almea, eight-legged [HOMARDOS]
¶ombežel - n - resumption; sequel
¶ombežir - vt/vi Pt - resume, continue [‘move again’]
¶ombrili - n - navel [OMRELIS]
¶	ad ombrilin!  ta ta! cheerio!  [play on ad onlelán]
¶on - adv - again; back to [RENES; from expressions like FAR ER RENFAR ‘do and do again’, misinterpreted (with dissimilation) as FAR ER ONFAR]
¶	Ihano et gene on  Ihano’s bothering me again
¶on- - prefix - child of: e.g. onkuzo ‘cousin’s son’
¶onäm - n - rations, provisions [ONDAUM ‘what is to be issued’]
¶onametan - vt - bring back, recall [‘bring back’]
¶onaudát - n - adoption (of a child)
¶onaudec - vt - adopt (a child) [ONALDEC ‘home-receive’]
¶onavulo/a - n - great-uncle’s son, daughter
¶ondan - vt ø - return, replace (conj. like dan) [‘give again’]
¶óndelan - vt ø - yearn for, long for
¶onegulen - vt ø - mend, patch [‘sew again’]
¶onegulel - n - patch, mended place
¶onela - n - bath, spa [ONELLA ‘hot springs’]
¶onelom - n - water therapist, who directs exercises and other treatments in the bath
¶onemu - n - book, treatise, essay [Cuêzi {onaēmu}]
¶onfasco - n - repetition
¶onfassec - vt ø - repeat an action; do that again; (MV slang) bombard with words, ads, etc. [‘do again’]
¶	zet onfassec  repeat (intransitive)
¶onfassë - n - machine gun [‘repeater’]
¶onkusan - vi Ag - chew the cud, ruminate [‘chew again’]
¶onkusel - n - cud
¶onkuzo/a - n - cousin’s son, daughter
¶onkuzulo/a - n - second cousin’s son, daughter
¶onlažec - vt ø - regain, recover, get back [‘acquire again’]
¶onlel - n - subsequent meeting [‘see again’]
¶	ad onlelán  goodbye
¶onleta - n - change; (slang) tit for tat, the action paid for by a bribe [‘back-coin’]
¶onmetan - vt - replace, put back [‘put again’]
¶onmizo - n - refrain [‘say again’]
¶onnemo/a - n - nephew’s son, daughter
¶onnepo/a - n - great-grandson, -daughter
¶onnes - n - rebirth [‘born again’]
¶onoale - n - rainbow, spectrum [‘the colors again’]
¶	orale onoalei  a color found in the spectrum— red through violet
¶	orale is onoalen  a color not found in the spectrum, e.g. pink, olive, brown, grey
¶onoteran - vt ø - recognize; confirm, acknowledge [‘know again’]
¶onoterul - n - attribute, property, characteristic; accidence
¶onotery - n - recognition; acknowledgment
¶onrälul - n - biscuit, biscotto [‘cooked again’]
¶onrëcen - vt ø - meet, not for the first time; get together (with) [‘meet again’]
¶	Onrësnu im ivrosäten  They met in the library
¶	Cam onrëcenam  Let’s get together again
¶onsatec - a - (computers) virtual [‘restoring']
¶onsaten - vt ø - rebuild; restore, re-establish, re-enact [‘build again’]
¶onsateo - n - rebuilding, restoration; reconstruction, archeology
¶onšatabi - n - reconciliation
¶onšatašir - vi ø - reconcile [‘love again’]
¶onteca - n - demonstration, proof, experiment; (school) exercise, homework, rehearsal; draft (of a book or drawing)
¶onteca - a - (MV slang) pregnant 
¶	žuyse onteca  scientific method
¶ontediďa - n - watch, timepiece [‘show-time’]
¶ontegöl - n - (MV slang) showoff, blowhard [’show dick’]
¶onten - vt ø - show, demonstrate; rehearse, do exercises or homework [OV {onden} ‘repeat’, from on ‘again’]
¶	Len ontmai soa aguma  I’ll show you the problem
¶ontnáe - n - gallery
¶ontoš - n - (computer) monitor [‘show-thing’]
¶onumnë - a - fierce [Southern dialect onumnlës ‘fear-causing’, from NIUMIS ‘dread’]
¶onvižiát - n - induction
¶onvižien - vi Ag - induce, conclude by induction [‘expect again’]
¶onžanen - vi Ag - return (conj. like žanen)  [‘come again’]
¶	onžanen soan mažtanan  return to the city
¶onživen - vt - cure [‘back to life’]
¶onživesa - n - cure
¶op - n - prosperity (OV name element) [OPOS; cf. opon, obad ]
¶opfë - n - victim; (grammar) direct object [OPSEL]
¶opfëë - a - accusative, passive
¶opon - n - wealth [OPONDOS, augmentative of OPOS ‘wealth’]
¶ora - n - collection, group, set [from the suffix]
¶-ora - suffix - group of; e.g. uleta  step, uletora  staircase [-ORA]
¶oraigués - n - feudalism
¶oraigueste - a - feudal, feudalist
¶orale - n - color [ORARE]
¶oräna - n - heaven [URAUNA]
¶oränise - a - heavenly
¶oratël - n - relativity [Keb. {orattiel} ‘all-points’]
¶	oratël sam ladizecan  special relativity
¶	oratël im ladizecan  general relativity
¶oray - n - estate, fief [ORAIS ‘obligation’]
¶orayan - vi - owe feudal service to someone; by extension answer to, be responsible to 
¶	orayan soán šohán  be a vassal of the duke
¶orayec - n - vassal, fiefholder
¶orayul - n - overlord, lord
¶oraž - n - storm [OV {uoraš}, augmentative of UORA ‘storm’] 
¶oražan - v impers - storm, rage
¶orát - n - prayer
¶oratël - n - relativity; (in Er.) orattiel [Keb.]
¶orel - n - ear [OHEL ‘thing for hearing’]
¶	bežir soi oreli  take a listen
¶oreloš - n - pillow 
¶	oreloš im bröcan  pot belly
¶orer - vi Ag - pray; (archaic) ask, request (of an equal) [OV {orelačir} ‘bend the ears’]
¶	orer Mëranacán  pray to Mëranac
¶	orer and ciran  pray for one’s wife
¶	orer pro ciran  pray for a wife
¶orest - a - true; loyal [back-formation from oresta]
¶oresta - n - truth [OREISTA]
¶	perë oresta  principle, basic truth
¶orestaše - a - veritable
¶orgöl - n - pride [ORGUEL]
¶orgölse - n - prideful, proud
¶oribrel - n - stanza, several connected lines of verse [reborrowing of ORIBREL ‘a turning’]
¶orivan - vt ø - turn something; (legal)  appeal [ORIBRAN ‘turn around’, from ORIS ‘round’]
¶	orivul  turned around; troubled
¶	zet orivan  turn around
¶orivoš - n - tiller, lever for turning the rudder; steering wheel [‘turner’]
¶orivura - n - worry, concern [nominalization of orivan]
¶orivuran - vi - care about
¶	orivuran and soán imfatán  care about the child
¶	orivurec pažiom  a concerned citizen
¶örn - n - eagle— largeish, swift, majestic bird of prey [UERONOS]
¶Óromo - n - Cuzeian name [Oromo]
¶oronde - n - diameter (of circle) [reborrowing of ORONDE; OV {orone}]
¶orondei - n - 1/pi [mecredimo orondei po siturátein ‘ratio of diameter to circumference’]
¶orondima - n - radius (of a circle) [‘little diameter’]
¶Oronnáe - n - Ornakh, the capital of Dhekhnam [reanalysis of Dhekhnami Ornakh ‘Orom-mouth’]
¶orto - n - toe; protruding part of a baseboard or pedestal; (slang) slow student [HORTO]
¶	co-pav orto  third toe 
¶	ďun orto  second toe 
¶	pav orto  little toe
¶	pere orto  big toe
¶	trogan so el ortam  do the impossible [as Almeans have no middle toe]
¶	glupy com orton zë  very dumb [lit., as his own toe]
¶Oruseon - n - God of Wisdom; (music) 5th note of a scale, fixed F# [ORONTEION]
¶orusse - a - melancholy, pessimistic [‘like Oruseon’]
¶oř - n, a - gold; golden; a large gold coin of Verduria, worth 12 falî; similar coins of Caizura or Curiya [OV {oh}, gen. {ořei}; from OȞ]
¶ořek - n - the small gold coin of Barakhún or Mútkün [Bar. {ôkhek} ‘small gold’, from OȞ]
¶ořfäben - vt - gild [‘gold-paint’]
¶ořil - n - the small gold coin of Benécia [oř + the Benécian diminutive]
¶ořiznakir - vt - emblazon [crivec oři znaki ‘write in gold letters’]
¶ořón - n - the large gold coin of Benécia [oř + the Benécian augmentative]
¶ořpitë - n - strong white wine [‘gold drink’]
¶ořula - n - the Verdurian gold piece, worth 1/3 oř or 4 silver falî; a similar coin in Célenor, Krasnaya, Guaya, Solhai, Viminia, Caizura, Érenat, Denisovič, and Benécia
¶ořsešue - n - uranium [‘dense gold’]
¶ořurokec - n - goldsmith
¶ořuroki - n - goldsmithing [‘gold-working’]
¶osän - n - master, teacher, tutor, doctor, guru [so san’ ‘the lord’]
¶osina - n - swallow (bird) [OSINDA]
¶osir - vt - (Ct slang) steal [Curiyan]
¶osiresa - n - meditation [OISIREICA ‘spirituality’, from Cuêzi, lit. ‘away from the body’]
¶osiresan - vi ag - meditate; deliberate, ruminate
¶oska - n - louse [UOSA + OV dim.]
¶oskanáe - n - (slang) bed [‘louse land’]
¶osnát - n - badge, medal [OSINDANTOS ‘state of having the eagle award’, from OSINDA ‘swallow’, slang for UERONOS ‘eagle’]
¶osol - n - donkey— smaller relative of šual; (Avéle) jester [HOSOL]
¶ostu - n - (MV slang) husband [{uestu}]
¶-oš - suffix - thing [-OSIOS ‘substance’]
¶ošai - n - haven [OSCAIS]
¶ošora - n - pile, jumble, heap [‘collection of things’]
¶oštát - n - drunkenness
¶	Oštát řo suzane  What happens when you’re drunk doesn't matter (isn’t remembered)
¶ošte - a - drunk 
¶	ošte com lebomán  drunk as a sailor [lit., as a seminary student]
¶otál - adv - as, also, too, furthermore, so [otre ‘another’ + tal ‘such’]
¶	otál ošte dy so šoh  as drunk as the duke
¶	otál dy faye  as much as is needed
¶otalmizë - n - witness; (Eleďe) martyr
¶otalmizec - vi Ag - bear witness, attest, confirm [‘also say’]
¶otalmizo - n - witness, attestation, confirmation; (Eleďe) martyrdom
¶oteran - vt ø - know, connaître [ALTERAN]
¶oterise - a - grounded (philosophical term)
¶otery - n - deep knowledge, understanding; specialized or occult knowledge; intimate knowledge (of a person) (cf. šrifta)
¶oti- - suffi - -able [Cuêzi {oti}-, passive of {ties} ‘can’]
¶otibeže - a - movable 
¶otibruhe - a - useful 
¶oticreže - a - edible 
¶oticumprene - a - understandable, comprehensible
¶oticunëse - a - trustworthy, reliable, dependable [‘trustable’]
¶otidive - a - eligible, authorized
¶otiďeve - a - helpless, vulnerable [‘harmable’]
¶otiferë - a - portable [‘bearable’]
¶otifeye - a - pitiable
¶otinimašát - n - probability
¶otinimaše - a - probable, likely [‘assumable’]
¶otipitë - a - drinkable
¶otisible - a - avoidable, easy to miss or to lose [‘missable’]
¶otitene - a - available [‘can be had’]
¶otitroge - a - touchable, not immune [‘touchable’]
¶otitšure - a - flammable, burnable [‘burnable’]
¶otre - a - another [ALTRES]
¶	ktë de otren  somewhere else
¶óuand - n - neighbor; adj  neighboring, next door
¶ovnel - n - judgment [OBRENEL, from OBRENIR ‘judge’]
¶ovnelaď - n - one of the gods of judgment in the Caďinorian pagan afterlife 
¶ovnelan - vt ø - judge— pass judgment on an accused person
¶	ovnelan ličim  judge a case
¶	ovnelan soán durnilán  judge an evildoer
¶ovnelom - n - judge
¶ovnelse - a - judgmental; severe, strict [‘judgish’]
¶ozë - adv - thus [ODIA ‘so’]
¶ožra - n - wing [OGIRA]
¶/P
¶pa- - prefix - five (combination form)
¶pabatan - vi Ag - (colloq. or MV) chatter, prattle [Sfapa for praten]
¶pacpace - a - regular, rhythmic [imitating rhythmic sound]
¶pača - drug made from pačabít
¶pačabít - a stimulating leaf from Curym [Bhögetan pacabhita, a (different) hallucinogen]
¶pače - n - type of fish [PAITRE]
¶paf - n - swat [imitative]
¶pafan - vt - swat
¶pag - n - rural district (Caďinorian law) (pl. paži) [PAGOS]
¶pak - a - near, close [PAIȞ ‘neighbor’]
¶	so pak  foreground
¶pakfäce - n - the recent past [‘near past’]
¶pakfäcete - a = recent
¶pakpolne - a - barely dressed; scanty, revealing (of clothes) [‘near-naked’]
¶pakrihan - vt ø - attend to, regard [‘look closely’]
¶pakrihát - n - attention
¶paktrogise - a - intimate
¶paktrogulo - n - intimacy; sexual favor [‘near-touching’]
¶	Mife paktrogulam zië Ihanon  She gave herself to Ihano
¶	Prenne paktrogulam soe žine  He took advantage of the girl
¶palán - n - broom [PALAZNOS ‘gorse’, from Monkhayu; cf. Meť. {palajno} ‘thorn-bush’]
¶palanir - vt ø - sweep
¶	palanul  orderly, neat
¶palanu - n - gorse bush [derivation of palán]
¶pale - a - friendly (OV name element) [PALLES]
¶paléty - a - pathetic, sad, sorrowful [OV {palletis} ‘touching’, from PALLEN ‘curry favor’]
¶paluen - vt ø - fondle [dynamic tenses of PALLEN ‘curry favor’, from PALLES ‘well-disposed’]
¶pan - # - five [PANŤ]
¶panise - a - quintuple 
¶panföy - n - marijuana [‘five-leaf’]
¶papapir - vi Ag - mutter, murmur, mumble [imitative]
¶par - # - four [PAHOR]
¶parcota - n - quadrilateral [‘four sides’]
¶	parcota nenëcotë  rhombus
¶parë - n - bet [PARILE]
¶	voitec/fäsir paren  make/end a bet
¶	irzovec/iššelec  parä  win/lose a bet
¶parënáe - n - casino 
¶parëom - n - gambler
¶paretir - vi Pt - seem [OV {parestir} ‘be a great bet, be likely’]
¶parir - vi Ag - bet, gamble [PARIR]
¶	parir cum drukán  bet with a friend
¶	Pareu dy nikagdá řo fäsrete  I bet she’ll never leave
¶	Parir e pitir muánece  Betting means drinking less
¶parna - n -mountain [PARENA]
¶parnahireo - n -earthquake [‘mountain-shaking’]
¶parnise - a - mountainous; (of language— due to the reputation of the Barakhinei) laconic, terse 
¶parnora - n - mountain range
¶partore - a - quadripartite, in four parts; intense— i.e. the focus of all four parts of the soul
¶parvasce - n - atom, a  atomic [reborrowing of PARVASCES ‘smallest’]
¶parvunde - a - miniature [PARVUNDES augm. of ‘small’]
¶pařa - adv - about, roughly, approximately [PAIȞA ‘nearby’, from PAIȞ ‘neighbor’]
¶Pasáu - n - Pahsau [Keb. {Paḣsau}]
¶Pasca - n - Passover, Easter [OV {Pasca}]
¶paseti - n - visit
¶pasetir - vt Ag - visit; (colloq.) sleep with
¶	Et pasetireu ticairon  Come up and see me sometime
¶paseu  - n - (Er. slang) boyfriend, girlfriend [Keb.]
¶pattea - n -calamine, zinc carbonate [PAŤETA, from Meťaiun]
¶pauca - n - a songbird of brilliant yellow and red plumage, resembling a robin
¶paugo - n - (Avéle) rural area [Sarroc paogo]
¶pauto - n - coat [PALTO]
¶pautopiďa - n - (MV slang) belly, gut [’coat baby’]
¶pav - a, n - little; (colloq. or MV) child, kid [PARVES ‘small’]
¶pavdormi - n -insomnia [‘little sleep’]
¶pavičan - a - petty; having a selfish, unkind, resentful spirit [‘small-spirit’; cf. dombričan]
¶Pavel - n -Eleďe name [OV {Pavlo}]
¶paveta - n -mention, reference  [‘a little about’]
¶paveten - vt Ag - mention
¶pavona - n - wagon, car [PAVONDA augmentative of PAVA ‘cart’]
¶pavonka - n - toy wagon
¶pavonora - n - train
¶paž - n - fish [PAIOS]
¶pažaka - n - map, chart, schematic representation; cf. risunë, behdel [OV {pažyanka} diminutive of {pažyand} ‘land’]
¶pažakát - n - mapmaking
¶pažakom - n - mapmaker
¶pažakora - n - atlas [‘map-collection’]
¶pážian - n - land, region; area, place (cf. scuri)  [OV {pažyand}, from late Caďinor *PAGIANDOS ‘country’, augmentative of PAGOS ‘district’]
¶pážiom - n - citizen 
¶pažusec - n - fishmonger, fish-seller [‘fish-seller’]
¶pe - n invar - the 9th letter of the Verdurian alphabet, P <tt>P</tt> [PE]
¶pé - n - peace (regular, but in poetry sometimes declined pé péei péa péen) [PEOS]
¶pëč - n - stove, oven [PETROS]
¶pegeo - n - force (scientific concept) [reborrowing of PEGEIO ‘throw’]
¶peil - a - peaceful
¶pel - n - pell, a Uytainese grain [Uyseʔ phel]
¶pela - n - shovel [PELLA]
¶	pela prozeca - spade, shovel for digging
¶	pela nasiteca - shovel for moving or carrying
¶pelačir - vt - dig up; (slang) figure out, piece together [‘shovel’] 
¶pelánt - n - a Caďinorian silver coin, the price of a loaf of bread; a modern coin of similar value in Ctésifon, Mútkün, Hroth, and Barakhún [reborrowing of PELANTOS, (Bar. {pelant}) augmentative of PELOS ‘sail’; the coin was stamped with the picture of a ship]
¶pelec - n - street cleaner [‘shoveler’]
¶pelen - vt ø - shovel
¶pelerin - n - cape
¶peleti - n - fall, autumn
¶Peleu - n - a river and nation south of Célenor 
¶pelvo - n - bowl [PELBRO]
¶penda - n - stern (of ship) [PINDA from Meť.; cf. Keb. {piit}), modified to match {teba}]
¶penil - n - jam, preserves [Ism. {penił}, from PENIR ‘keep’]
¶pentec - n - vowel [reborrowing of PENTEC ‘coloring’, calque on Cuêzi {epâti}]
¶peny - n - comb [PENGIS]
¶penyen - vt - comb [PENGEN]
¶	zet penyen  comb oneself
¶për - n - rock, mineral [PIEDROS]
¶perař - n - patriarch, cardinal [PIDRARȞ]
¶	Perař Avéle  Patriarch of Avéla (Eleďe)
¶	Pere Perař  First Patriarch (Caďinorian pagan)
¶perařát - n - patriarchate
¶Peravon - n - God of Iron and of war (1st Age mythology) [PERABRON]
¶perčena - n - breakfast [‘first-meal’]
¶perčenen - vi Ag - breakfast
¶pere - a - first [PERUES]
¶perë - n - whole; entirety; one; (a) whole, entire; (MV slang) great, cool
¶perecrivel - n - preface, introduction [‘first-text’]
¶perelädec - n - president (of a guild or association) [‘first-goer’]
¶	Diverum Poruy še perelädec  We elected Poruy as president
¶peremora - n - a small galley [by analogy with ftoremora, tveremora]
¶perir - vt ø - (Avéle) regret, apologize [PERIR]
¶përmácen - vt ø - cement
¶përmáco - n - cement [‘rock-paste’]
¶permizec - vt - suppose [‘say first’]
¶permizo - n - supposition
¶përnápa - n - saltpetre, potassium nitrate [PIEDRONAPPA, ‘rock crust’]
¶pernese - a, n - firstborn [‘first born’]
¶perräme - a - eminent, prominent, distinguished [‘first rank’]
¶përs - a - rocky
¶përšruma - n - bitumen, coal tar [‘rocky pitch’]
¶pertróuen - vt - discover [‘find first’]
¶pertrouul - n - discovery
¶perue - a - preliminary, introductory [reborrowing of PERUES ‘first’]
¶perun - n - million [pere ‘first’ + Caď. augmentative -UND]
¶perunec - n - superlative (adjectival form in Caď.) [reborrowing of PERUNEC ‘excelling’ from PERUES ‘first’]
¶pery  - n - (Er. slang) private eye [Keb. ‘flaid’]
¶peržanen - vi Pt - derive, originate
¶peržanise - a - original, earlier
¶peržano - n - source; place of origin; source of an idea or opinion [‘first-coming’]
¶	peržano otalmizë   attested origin, {appelation controlée}
¶pëse - a - sad [PERISES ‘mournful’, from PERIR ‘mourn’]
¶pësesa - n - sadness
¶Pësi - n - Eleďe name [OV {Persi}]
¶peš - n - crash; in cäselî, losing by knocking over the pile  [imitative]
¶pešan - vi Ag - crash
¶pëtan - vt ø - play (an instrument) [PENTAN ‘sing’]
¶pëtát - n - playing, musical skill; concert, musical performance
¶Petinuma - n - Cuzeian name [Petinūmē ‘sing to God’]
¶Petra - n - Eleďe name [OV {Petra}]
¶Petro - n - Eleďe name [OV {Petro}]
¶petúk - n - rooster [OV diminutive of PETTOS ‘male bird’]
¶pëtul - n - musical instrument
¶pey - a - few
¶peylerë - a - esoteric, élite, secret [cf. leria]
¶peza - n - a type of vine whose flowers yield a bitter oil, used in flavoring beer, in the manner of hops; (slang) beer [PEIDA, from Meťaiun peida]
¶pezer - vi Pt - weigh [PENSER]
¶pezy - n - weight
¶pi- - prefix - paternal, on the father’s side
¶pica - n m - scorpion [PICCAS]
¶piďa - n - baby [from piďë]
¶piďášë - n - bikini [‘tiny (swimsuit)’]
¶piďë - n - anecdote, trifle, story; (adj) small [PUŤIES]
¶piďiser - vt - shrink, make smaller [PUŤICER, causative of PUŤIES] 
¶	zet piďiser  shrink, get smaller
¶piďnuva - n - crib [‘baby bed’]
¶piďivolemát - n - reluctance
¶piďivoleme - a - reluctant, not very willing [‘little willing’]
¶piflát - n - flirtaciousness, coquetterie
¶piflec - n - flirt, coquette; adj   coquettish
¶pifler - vi Ag - flirt [from PIFAEL, god of sexual love]
¶	Soa šoha pifle and Ihanon  The duchess is flirting with Ihano
¶piflora - n - flirtation
¶piflul - n - someone in love
¶pigre - a - lazy [PIGRES]
¶pigresa - n - laziness [PIGREICA]
¶pil - n - (Er., Xurnese system) basic unit of voltage 1.88 V 
¶pilačec - n - (slang) eye [‘blinker’]
¶pilači - n - blink, wink
¶pilačir - vi Ag - blink, wink [PILLATIR, from PILLIS ‘eyelash’]
¶pilava - n - glance
¶pilaven - vi Ag - glance [*PILLABREN ‘move the eyelashes’]
¶	pilaven ad ďerán  glance at the door
¶pili - n - eyelash [PILLIS]
¶pilke - n - ball; bullet; (slang) testicle [OV {pulke, pilke}, diminutive of PULA]
¶pipo - n - Daddy, Dad
¶pirei - n - patronymic
¶piro - n - father [PIDOR]
¶	piroi sen  my parents
¶pirodan - vt - bequeath, endow
¶pirodoni - n - inheritance, bequest [‘father-gift’]
¶pironáe - n - fatherland
¶pisá - n - letter; review, report [Cuêzi {pissâ}, from {pisî} ‘write’]
¶pisadan - vi Ag - review, report [‘give a letter’]
¶pisadoni - n - reviewing, reporting; the cultural section of a newspaper
¶pisel - n - fold
¶piser - vt - fold [PICER]
¶pisora - n - scientific journal [‘collection of letters’]
¶piš - n - smash [imitative]
¶pišan - vi Ag -  smash, shatter
¶	zet pišan  shatter, become smashed
¶pitir - vt ø - drink [PITTIR]
¶pitu - n - tip, gratuity [‘drink!’]
¶pityo - n - drink [PITTEIO]
¶piya - n - a time unit of 3 seconds; metaphorically, an instant [PILEA ‘eyeblink’]
¶piyadimo - n - (math) integral [‘instant-sum’]
¶piyaviso - n - calculus [calque on Flaidish {korbit} ‘study of instants’]
¶piyula - n - moment
¶piza - n - fairy, pixie— a mythical species; cf. niza; (MV slang) child, kid [PINSA]
¶	tromir com pizan  trick, fool
¶pizarda - n - sexual desire for children or icëlanî [‘piza disorder’]
¶pizufëa - n - peony— plant with ball-like flowers [‘piza-face’]
¶pkekpe - n - mosquito— biting insect [Rafsani pkepke]
¶plačem - n - credit card [‘pay-card’]
¶plasë - a - neural
¶plasy - n - nerve [PLASIS]
¶plasydonta - n - neuron [‘nerve cell’]
¶platel - n - payment
¶platir - vt ø - pay [PELANTIR ‘give coins to’, from PELANTOS; see  ]
¶plavec - vi Pt - melt; disappear, fade away [PLAVEC]
¶	šesan plavec  melt something
¶plen - n - fullness
¶plencunëse - a - well beloved; plenipotentiary [‘fully trusted’]
¶plendën - n - afternoon [‘full day’]
¶plene - a - full [PLENES ‘crowded’]
¶	faitan plene  fill (+ dat.)
¶plenšrifta - n - knowledge, mastery of a subject; scholarly prestige [‘full knowledge’]
¶plenuestu - n - adult [‘full man’]
¶plenuestuë - a - adult
¶pler - n - pleasure
¶pleran - vt - please; give pleasure [PLERAN]
¶plero - n - pleasure; especially sensual pleasure
¶pleronáe - n - pleasure dome
¶plesčë - n - spindle
¶	plesčëníru  spinning jenny, spinning machine
¶plesčen - vt ø - spin (cloth, webs), draw out [dynamic tenses of PLESTEN]
¶	zet plesčen  be spun, be drawn out
¶plesčoma - n - a woman who spins cloth
¶plesčura - n - history [PLESTURA, from PLESTEN ‘spin, tell’]
¶plesčurise - a - historical
¶plic - n - copy, imitation
¶plicäm - n - model [‘to be copied’]
¶plican - vt - copy, imitate [PLICAN ‘imitate’]
¶plinudan - vt ø - embroider
¶plinudo - n - embroidery [PLINDUDO, from Axunašin palindudo ‘addition’]
¶plisel - n - vocal part; range, register [PLICEL ‘copy’]
¶plom - n - lead (metal) [PLOMBOS]
¶	mira plomei  galena, lead sulphide
¶	mole plom  graphite
¶plommeto - n - typesetting
¶plomniru - n - typesetting machine [calque on Keb. {namardavaḣ}]
¶plomul - n - pewter [stan plomul ‘leaded tin’]
¶plóe - a - bashful [PLOHES ‘retiring’]
¶plupauto - n - raincoat [‘rain-coat’]
¶pluy - n - rain
¶pluyešui - n - drought [‘rain-failure’]
¶pluyir - v impers - rain [PLUHIR ‘drizzle’]
¶pluyše - a - wet and rainy— the state before or after a rain, or during a light rain [‘rainish’]
¶pluyšel - n - a shower or drizzle; a spray of water
¶pluyšir - v impers - to be wet and rainy; drizzle; (vt) spray 
¶po - prep - by, per, at the rate of
¶	po cemisan  per kilometer
¶	po anán fuaín soa semana  once a week
¶	až Verdúrian po sues cemisen  six kilometers from Verduria
¶	covaler po dec ořulen  to be valued at ten gold pieces
¶	retdimo po diďan  distance divided by time
¶	Bogaty ešelai, esli et platcele po šeren  I’d be rich if I were paid by the beer
¶	Sotru po muaten čime  I jumped a foot
¶poča - n - ground, earth surface; the land (as opposed to the sea) [*POTRIA, from *POTLIA, variant of POLITA ’bases’, collective of POL ‘floor, base’]
¶podimo - n - rate [‘per-amount’]
¶podline - a - authentic, real, essential, quintessential
¶pol - n - floor; ground; logical basis, evidence [POL]
¶pol - n - (biology) nucleus [Keb. {pol} ‘capital city’]
¶polfond - n - foundation, structure [‘ground-base’]
¶polfutruir - vt ø - (obscene) give head to, go down on, have oral sex with
¶poln - n - skin [POLNOS]
¶polne - a - nude, naked
¶pomäe - n - tale, myth, chronicle; epic literature, mythology [POMAURE]
¶pon - a - manly (OV name element) [PONOS ‘strong man’]
¶pona - n - exclusive lesbian, dyke; butch; mannish woman, virago [fem. of PONOS ‘strong man’]
¶Poncuna - n - Cuzeian name (m) [Pomicūnas ‘manly deed’]
¶pondrát - n - boldness
¶pondre - a - bold, audacious [PONRES ‘manly’ from PONOS ‘strong man’]
¶ponyore - n - the second lowest of the five singing tones— a baritone or low tenor [POMIORES, from Cuêzi {pomioro} ‘manly’]
¶pória - n - liability [Keb. {poriḣa} ‘what is debited’]
¶poro - n - green onion, scallion [PORRO]
¶	estë poro  leek
¶porocan - vt ø - knead [POROCAN]
¶porocec - n - masseur
¶porocesa - n - massage [‘kneading’]
¶porocesec - n - masseur
¶porocesen - vt ø - massage; (slang) flatter, build up a con
¶porui - n - debit [Keb. {porḣi} from {po} ‘down’ + {reḣi} ‘count’]
¶porute - n - marble [PORUNTE, Cuêzi {poronte}, from Poron, site of famous marble quarries]
¶poša - n - goosedown [POSCA]
¶pošáš - n - mattress
¶pošë - a - downy, wispy
¶pošoš - n - pad, padding
¶potát - n - depth
¶pote - a - deep; square, two-dimensional [POTES]
¶	čima potë  square čima
¶potmese - a - navigable [‘deep-water’]
¶potopec  - n - (Er. slang) soldier, private [Sarroc ‘rabbit’]
¶použe - n - position, location [POLEGES, from POL ‘ground’]
¶prabi - n - (MV slang) old lady [Wesaitan]
¶prade - a - honest; (MV) fundamentalist [PRADES]
¶pradesa - n - honesty
¶pradilo - n - (MV) fundamentalist, true believer
¶prak - n - dust, powder [OV {purek}, diminutive of PUR ‘dust’]
¶prame - a - (MV slang) great, neat, fine [jocular deriv. of {pere} ‘first’]
¶prander - vi Ag - dine [PRANDER]
¶prando - n - dinner— largest meal of day, at whatever time [PRANDO]
¶	onlelan so prandam  vomit
¶prannáe - n - dining room
¶praten - vi Ag - talk, chat, causer
¶	praten cum drukin  talk with friends
¶pratecole - a - talkative
¶pratnáe - n - channel, chat room
¶prebuto - n - (Avéle) priest [Greek]
¶precáš - n - peach [augmentative (to contrast with precok) of PRECOS]
¶precet - n - legal petition [PRECET ‘it is asked’, beginning word of such petitions]
¶precok - n - apricot [OV diminutive of PRECOS ‘peach’]
¶precu - beggar [PRECURILES]
¶predava - n - great-grandmother
¶predavo - n - great-grandfather, or any direct male ancestor [PREDABRO ‘before grandfather’]
¶	predavoi taë  our forefathers
¶	3e predavo  great-great-great-grandfather
¶prembušoš - n - corkscrew [‘thing for taking out corks’]
¶prenan - vt - take; surprise; (colloq.) understand, get it [PRENAN]
¶	Soa šoha prenne maris zië cum domžinan  The duchess surprised her husband with the chambermaid
¶prenec - n - indirect object; adj  dative 
¶presel - n - request
¶preser - vi Ag - request, beseech, ask a favor [PRECER ‘request’]
¶	preser drukán pro meďin  ask a friend for a job
¶presizer - vi Ag - beg, plead [PRECINSER, intensive of PRECER]
¶presizel - n - plea
¶pretäro - n - valet, manservant, personal attendant [PRED ‘before’ + TOTAUROS ‘servant’]
¶prezuden - n - passport [‘pass-document’]
¶prezuir - vt ø - pass by; skip, overlook, fail to perceive [PREDURER ‘pass in front of’, from PRED ‘in front of’]
¶	prezuec  passerby
¶prî - prep - in front of, before; in the presence of [PRED]
¶	prî soan šeíran  in front of the palace
¶	prî soán dalun  before the king
¶	miuren prî anëlin  gape at the angel
¶pricurec - vt ø - beg [PRECUREC, formation from PRECER ‘ask’; modified to suit folk etymology ‘hold in front of’]
¶	pricurec prezueci  beg alms of the passersby
¶	pricurec pro leten  beg for coins
¶pricuro - n - begging
¶pridel - n - a Floran emur coin [Flaidish {priddel}] 
¶prige - a - vicious, immoral, nasty [reborrowing of PRIGES ‘vicious’]
¶prigët - n - vice (state), viciousness
¶prigy - n - (one) vice
¶prile - a - real [PRIRES]
¶prilicole - n - realist
¶prilise - n - (grammar) definite, realis [prile ‘real’ + -ise]
¶priliseca - n - (grammar) mood, whether a verb is definite or remote
¶prilora - n - reality
¶primetan - vt - offer [‘put before’]
¶	Ilun primetnai kuna  I offered him money 
¶primeto - n - offer, offering; serving, course
¶	primeto Decanei  a Trojan horse, a seemingly fair offer that hides a capitulation
¶prinimea - n - acceptance, adoption, consent
¶prinimec - vt ø - accept, adopt, consent [‘plan before’, i.e. publicly]
¶	Prinimao primetam lë  I accept your offer
¶priroda - n - nature [OV {prirodna}, from PRIRONDA ‘what is real’, from PRIRES ‘real’]
¶prirode - a - natural
¶Priša - n - Eleďe name [OV {Prisca}]
¶pro - prep - for, in return for; during, through; in order to; because of [PRO]
¶	pro zet rizuir  to amuse oneself
¶	pro dy soa laitonora žanene  so that the band would come
¶	pro soan čenan  during the meal
¶	pro diďan  for a time, for awhile
¶	pro iverin  for/through the whole winter
¶	pro arašó eseyer  from much trying
¶	hostî pro leguan  bones for soup
¶	dyužer pro serán  lust after a man
¶	preser pro kunan  ask for money
¶	Fässce pro kunan  He did it for money
¶	Kedimo platreu pro ci-domán?  How much did you pay for that house?
¶probendre - a - efficient
¶probenda - n - efficiency [‘for work’]
¶probesir - vt ø - serve, follow a king or other leader [medieval *PROBAESIR ‘be sworn to’, from PRO ‘for’ + BAESIR ‘promise’]
¶probesom - n - loyal follower
¶procadë - n - prescription, formula
¶procadir - vt - prescribe [reborrowing of PROCADIR ‘order for’]
¶procliďë - n - oracle; spokesman [PROCLIŤILE ‘one for speaks for’]
¶pročiame - a - everlasting; adv  forever [‘for forever’]
¶prodan - vt - grant, award (conj. like dan)  [‘give on behalf of’]
¶prodoni - n - grant, gift, award
¶	prodoni nažei  pension, yearly income granted by the state)
¶proetec - vi Ag - swear, vow; assure 
¶	proetec ab Mëranacán  swear by Mëranac
¶	Proetce nizener pro ci-meván  He swore to avenge this deed
¶	Len proetao dy e oresta  I assure you it’s true
¶proeto - n - oath, vow; assurance [‘by this’]
¶profäsec - n - disciple (Eleďát) [fäsec pro Eleďan, one who leaves all for Eleď]
¶profura - n m - pretext [reborrowing of PROFURAS ‘case for’]
¶prokena - conj - because [PRO KETTAN ‘for what’]
¶prokibi - n - proclamation
¶prokibir - vt - proclaim, declare, promulgate [‘shout on behalf of’]
¶prokel - n - curse [PROKEL ‘croaked’, i.e. by an old magician]
¶prokio - cj - why; so that; (n) reason [‘for what’]
¶proklir - vt - curse [verbalization of prokel]
¶prolažec - vt - earn [‘get by’] 
¶prolesse - a - charming
¶prolesta - n - charm [‘for flattery’]
¶proletka - n - whore [‘for money’]
¶proma - n - two čimî, or two paces, a unit used in racing, etc., 1.516 m [PROSIMA ‘little walk’, i.e. the smallest unit of walking; from PROSAN ‘walk’]
¶promevan - vi - serve as a trustee [‘act for’]
¶promevec - n - agent, trustee; (grammar) pronominal
¶	nom promevec  pronoun
¶pronimec - vt - propose, suggest [‘for planning’; cf. prinimec]
¶	Pronimeo irketát?  Are you proposing a rebellion?
¶	Pronimao dy pitum  I suggest we have a drink
¶pronimel - n - proposal, proposition, suggestion
¶pronun - adv - meanwhile [‘for now’]
¶pronunete - a - temporary
¶propreser - vi Ag - intercede on someone’s behalf [preser + benefactive pro]
¶propuyan - vt ø - drive forward, struggle, contend, campaign, strive to capture; insist [‘push for’]
¶propuyo - n - drive, campaign; insistance
¶prorivan - vi ø - advertise, tout [‘in order to turn, i.e. persuade’]
¶	zen prorivan  be advertised, be touted
¶	prorivan and šeren  advertise some beer
¶prorivel - n - advertisement
¶prosan - vi Ag - walk [PROSAN]
¶proseo - n - midday break, siesta; dinnertime; promenade, passagiata
¶	lädan proseo  take a break; (slang) shove off, leave
¶prosfahen - vt - speak on behalf of; represent, work for [‘speak for’]
¶prosia - n - main street, boulevard [PROSILA ‘boulevard’]
¶	prosia Ilošora  Ilošora street  
¶prosice - adv - almost; a  virtual [PROCICUE ‘nearly’]
¶	E prosice eldën  It’s almost noon
¶	Ilet prosice atäpnei  You almost caught it
¶prosiec - vi Ag - stroll, promenade
¶prosiom - n - city slicker [‘street-man’]
¶prosiř - n - outrage, furor, scandal, fuss
¶prosiřäm - a - outrageous, scandalous, deplorable
¶prosiřan - vt ø - deplore, be outraged about, make a fuss [OV ‘champion’ from *PROSIȞAN ‘fight on someone’s behalf’]
¶prosiřec - a - outraged, indignant
¶prosizan - vi Ag - journey [PROSINSAN ‘take a long walk’, prolongative of PROSAN ‘walk’]
¶prosizel - n - journey, expedition; promenade
¶proskadec - vt ø - make amends, compensate, recompense [PROSKADEC] 
¶proskadel - n - compensation, recompense, amends, restitution
¶prosnucoš - n - receipt [‘something for service’]
¶prosoter - vt - jump for, clamor for [‘jump for’]
¶prosulan - vi Ag - pace [dim. of ‘walk’]
¶prosúlia - n - smaller street, lane [diminutive of prosia]
¶prosür - a - one’s own [PROCIOR ‘closer’]
¶prosuvan - vt ø - pursue, chase [‘follow after’]
¶prosuvea - n - pursuit
¶prošáš - n - pole
¶proš - n - rod, staff; (typography) | character [OV {prosoš} ‘walk-tool’]
¶prošalea - n - rest [PROSCALEIA, lit. ‘for a breath’; cf. English ‘breather’]
¶prošalean - vi Pt - rest [PROSCALEAN]
¶proše - adv - next, then [PROSCET]
¶proven - vt - guide [PROBREN]
¶provom - guide
¶provoy - n - mission, assignment, task 
¶provoyir - vt - assign (a task) [‘send for’]
¶prozec - n - (slang) penis
¶prozeca - n - piercing
¶prozen - vt - pierce [PRONSEN]
¶prun - prefix - (Er., Xurnese System) 10^-9
¶prusi - n - inn [PRUCIS ‘waystation’]
¶pruso - n - innkeeper [PRUCION ‘manager of a waystation’]
¶pser - n - watch
¶pseran - vt ø - watch [reborrowing of PSERAN]
¶ptaleo - n - covering; explanation, hypothesis [reborrowing of PTALEIO ‘covering’]
¶	ptaleio beďelië  covering all the facts, “saving the appearances” 
¶ptoc - n - unit, member— emphasis on interchangeability; cf. žusë [reborrowing of PTOCOS ‘building block’]
¶ptuyu - n - (dialectal) magician; trickster
¶pugeei - n - bankruptcy [mevel pugeei ‘act of termination’, reborrowing PUGEIO ‘ending’]
¶pugeise - a - bankrupt
¶puil - a - dusty; dust [PURIL ‘dusty’]
¶pula - n - sphere; (Avéle) bullet [reborrowing of PULA ‘ball’]
¶pulmon - n - lung [PULMONOS]
¶pulmonarda - n - tuberculosis [‘lung disorder’]
¶püna - n - fin [PINNA]
¶punsa - n - flaw, weak point [reborrowing of PUNSA ‘bubble, bulge, flaw’]
¶purun - n - (Avéle) executive assistant, secretary [Ism. {pŕyn}]
¶puřo - adv - certainly, surely [PUȞOE EMEC ‘tiring to tell’]  
¶pusa - n - flea— parasitic insect, larger than cutil [PUSA]
¶pusan - vt - (slang) rib, kiss [‘flea’]
¶puš - n - puff [PUSCOS ‘puff of smoke’]
¶pušan - vi Ag - puff, blow
¶pušec - n - cannon, gun
¶pušul - n - alchemy: formed by heating and blowing air across
¶	plom pušul  litharge, lead oxide
¶pušpula - n - cannonball
¶puto - n - well, pit [PUTO]
¶puyan - vt ø - push, press [PUHAN]
¶	zet puyan (+ dat.)  impose oneself (on)
¶	zet puyan sa meyán  wade through the water
¶puye - n - upstart; adj  bold; elbowing
¶puyimiri - n - 3-D printer [‘push-plastic’]
¶puyo - n - pushing, pressure, stress
¶puyok - n - button; pimple; (slang) clitoris [OV ‘little push thing’]
¶puyota - n - carnation [PULIORTA ‘ball-flower’]
¶puysuco - n - 3-D chemical printer 
¶puza - n - bubble [PUNSA]
¶pyeri - n - regret; apology
¶	mizec pyera zië  apologize
¶pyerir - vt ø - regret, apologize [Southern dialect, from PERIR ‘mourn’]
¶	pyerir so ďam  be sorry for the mistake  
¶	Pyeru   I’m sorry
¶/R
¶ra - n invar - the 20th letter of the Verdurian alphabet, R <tt>R</tt> [RA]
¶	ra ismaa  Verdurian name for the ŕ used in Ismaîn
¶racont - n - tale, story; newspaper article [back-formation from raconter]
¶raconter - vt ø - tell [colloquial Caď. ROCCONDER ‘tell tall tales’; see rocá]
¶	zet raconter  brag, boast
¶raďi - n - punt, flatboat [RAŤIS]
¶	puyan raďa  to punt
¶raf - a - just [RAVOS]
¶	raf rafei  fair and square
¶	raf sudiel  a fair trial— literally, a just sentence
¶rafát - n - justice
¶räfes - a - just, right, sane, satisfyingly true
¶rafsany - a, n - Rafsani [Bar. {Rafsani} ‘lords of the jungle’]
¶Raheli - n - Eleďe name [OV {Raȟeli}]
¶rak - n - crab— shy, clawed crustacean— on Almea, eight-legged (pl. rahî) [RAIȞ, from Meť.]
¶rakan - n - cockroach— hardy, stupid, over-large, house-dwelling insect [from rak]
¶	kumpen soi rakani  dance furiously
¶	žombrulen soi rakani  wake up or carouse at night
¶rälan - vt ø - cook something [RAULAN]
¶	zet rälan  cook (what the food does)
¶rälát - n - cooking [RAULANTOS]
¶rälec - a - (slang) pregnant
¶ralenan - vt ø - entertain, amuse [RASLAINEN ‘divert’, from RAS ‘against’ + LAINEN ‘suffer’]
¶	zet ralenan  have fun, be entertained
¶ralenát - n - entertainment
¶ralinë - n - play, spectacle [RASLAINILE ‘diversion’]
¶rälnáe - n - kitchen
¶rälom - n - cook
¶rän - n - rank [RAUMEN]
¶rana - n - frog, toad— small, squat, jumping amphibian [RANDA]
¶ranaföy - n - lily pad, water lily [‘frog-leaf’]
¶ranát - n - bureaucracy; entrenched fogbound power structure; the establishment, the status quo [play on rana ‘frog’ and ränát  ‘hierarchy’]
¶ränát - n - hierarchy
¶ranetami - n - a land scam or entrepreneurial escapade [after Ranetami island]
¶ränora - n - social class
¶ränorise - a - classist
¶rappan - vi Ag - crawl [RAMPAN]
¶rappec - n - reptile
¶rasfolže - n - affection [RASPOLEGE ‘inclination, favor’, from RAS ‘against’ + POLEGE ‘position’]
¶rasfolžer - vt ø - love, be affectionate toward
¶raspuyan - vt - lean, incline against; count on, rely on; (MV slang) like, appreciate [RAS ‘against’ + puyan ‘push’]
¶	raspuyan soa nažeza  lean against the couch
¶	šesan raspuyan orelošán ad nažeza  lean a pillow against the couch
¶raspuyec - n - form word— article, conjunction, particle
¶	raspuyec surmetec  conjunction proper
¶raspuyo - n - leaning, inclination
¶	So raspuyo lië tróune plic  His sentiments were returned
¶raša - n - sex, sexual intercourse
¶raše - a - sexual; (colloq.) frigging (substitute for futašny)
¶rašir - vt ø - have sex with, make love to [RASCIR ‘entertain’]
¶	Ihano rašre Rahela  Ihano had sex with Raheli
¶	Raheli rašre Ihanam  Raheli had sex with Ihano
¶Rau - n - Rau river or jungle
¶raumen - n - insignia— decorations indicating military rank [reborrowing of RAUMEN ‘rank’]
¶ravi - n - delight
¶ravir - vt - delight [RABRIR]
¶	Imfátî et ravü, še retî  Children delight me— from afar 
¶ray - n - shelf [RAIS ‘plank’]
¶rayom - n - (Er. slang) boyfriend [‘shelfer’, one who gets things from the top shelf]
¶rayora - n - bookcase, set of shelves
¶razir - vt - shave someone; (Ct slang) steal; (MV slang) have sex [RADIR]
¶	zet razir  shave oneself
¶razo - n - an emur coin of Svetla; (Eř) a bird [cf. uazo]
¶razoš - n - razor
¶razum - n - mind, intellect, intelligence— part of quadripartite soul [RADUM]
¶razumbre - a - intelligent; mental, intellectual [RADUMRES]
¶razumiviso - n - psychology, the study of mind
¶razumse - a - ordered, architected, contrapuntal, mathematical; pensive, thoughtful
¶raženi - n - effort; hard work; ordeal, especially, that attending a nacuyát
¶raženir - vi Ag - make an effort, strive [RAGENIR ‘strive, struggle’]
¶	Řo epei raženir pro osänán?  Can’t you make an effort for the Master?
¶re- - prep prefix - ‘far, remotely’ [ret ‘far’]
¶	reaž  far away from
¶	recom  not very much like
¶rëcen - vt ø - meet [RENCAEN]
¶rëcnáe - n - meeting place; club
¶rëco - n - acquantance, friendship; reception
¶	dan rëcam Ihanei Rahelin  introduce Ihano to Raheli
¶	im rëcon dalui  in the King’s company
¶recoltë - n - harvest; sixth month
¶recolir - vt ø - harvest [RESCULLIR ‘gather crops’]
¶rëcora - n - company, acquaintance; audience; those present
¶rëcul - n - acquaintance
¶redir - vt - (Ct) conduct (a rite) [REDIR]
¶redel - n - maiden’s coming of age ceremony [REDEL ‘instruction’]
¶redelcë - n - woman [‘one who has passed the redel’]
¶reď - n - waiter, clerk [RAEĎOS ‘servant’]
¶reďréë - n - minister (of state); officer
¶reďreo - n - ministry, administrative offices [OV {reďriyo} ‘government service’, from RAEĎRIS ‘serving’, from RAEĎOS ‘servant’]
¶reďreul - n - army officer; bureaucrat [‘little minister’]
¶reďunát - n - space; extent, extension; area, zone, region
¶	pote reďunát  square area
¶reďunen - vi Pt - extend [REŤUNDEN ‘extend’, from REŤ ‘far’]
¶reli - n - sowing; second month
¶relir - vt ø - sow [RESLIR]
¶rem - n - oar, paddle [REMOS]
¶Rembau - n - Cuzeian name [Rēmobēu ‘holy peace’]
¶remir - vt ø - row
¶remlotka - n - rowboat [‘row-boat’]
¶remora - n - bank of oars in an oared ship [REMORA ‘collection of oars’]
¶remorom - n - galley-slave; rower in an oared ship
¶	řezen com remoromán  work like a slave; be busy as a beaver
¶renemec - vt  repeat (a statement) [RENEMEC, ‘say again’]
¶rës - dear; costly [RIES]
¶resteklo - telescope [‘far-glass’]
¶ret - far; distant, unmoved, cold [REŤ]
¶	so ret  background
¶retát - distance; coldness
¶retden - electronic document (Almean version of PDF)
¶retdimo - distance [‘far-amount’]
¶retec - standard
¶retgečë - (Er.) Internet [‘far network’]
¶retnanise - of the human race found in Palthuknen [’far north’]
¶retparna - amethyst [‘far mountain’]
¶Reveca - Eleďe name [OV {Revecca}]
¶revolu - beard [Curiyan dialect {revôlu} ‘delighter’; cf. {ravir}]
¶Revudo - the Revaudo reform in Endajué [Axunašin revudo ‘newness’; use of the Ax. form shows that Verdurians took the form from unreformed written sources]
¶režne - fair, pretty [OV {renžnee} ‘most cute’, from {ren}- ‘again’ + {žnee} ‘cute’; see {žnea}]
¶režučia - ballad; a genre of sad songs, esp. for the guitar [Ism. {rêȥujia}, lit. ‘longing’, from REN- ‘back’ + DUGIA ‘desire’]
¶riasni - thigh; (slang) woman [RACNIS]
¶	So imfát asuine sur riasnen lië  The child sat on her lap
¶Ribelgo - n - a Ctésifoni king; (Ct slang) Žésifo
¶ric - dominant (OV name element) [RIRIȞ ‘supreme’]
¶ricora - soapstone, Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 [RICOMURGA, from Cuêzi {ricōrimurga} ‘fatty stone’]
¶ricorek - talc, powdered soapstone
¶ridë - laugh, laughter
¶ridibode - comedy, humor; comic, humorous [Cuêzi {ridiboede}, from {ridi} ‘laugh’]
¶	ambresa and ridibode  a sense of humor  
¶Ridilenda - Cuzeian name [‘laughing maiden’]
¶ridir - vi  laugh [RIDRIR, from RIDIR ‘smile’]
¶	ridir eta misotá  laugh at the joke
¶	ridir ak soán dalun  laugh at the King
¶ridonec - a - funny [‘laugh-giving’]
¶riha - n - topic, theme, focus [reborrowing of RIȞȞA, from Cuêzi {rīxxâ} ‘object of attention’] 
¶rihan - vt ø - look, look at [RIȞAN]
¶rihë - n - mirror [RIȞILE ‘something seen’, from RIȞAN ‘look at’]
¶ril - prefix - (Er., Xurnese System) 10^-15
¶rilë - n - mountain range [Late Cuêzi {rilîa}, earlier {rilima}]
¶rilulë - n - ridge [dim. of rilë]
¶rinde - n - emerald [RIMIDE, from Cuêzi {rimidê}, from Elkarîl {rîmiddên} ‘great beryl’]
¶ripriroda - n - philosophy [‘look at nature’]
¶	cum riprirodan  philosophically, rationally and calmly
¶riprirodom - n - philosopher
¶ris - n - grain; seed, sperm; unit of weight, .002 ounce [RISOS]
¶	risi tsesë  candy corn— droplets made of sugar, corn syrup, and wax
¶risdan - vi Ag - fertilize, (slang) have sex (conj. like dan) [‘grain’ + ‘give’]
¶	risdan žortan  fertilize a flower
¶risdoni - n - fertilization
¶risdoš - n - manure, dung [‘fertilize-stuff’]
¶rislitno - n - rodent [‘grain pest’]
¶risnáe - n - barn, granary
¶	e až im risnáen  he’s out of it, forget all about him
¶risora - n - semen
¶ristrava - n - Belesao sorghum, né [‘grain-grass’]
¶risunát - n - drawing (study)
¶risunë - n - drawing (work); diagram, graph— a simplified represenation, or a mathematical graph; cf. behdel, pažaka
¶risunulë - n - sketch, outline
¶risunen - vt ø - draw [RISUNDEN, from Cuêzi {risonda} ‘drawing’, from {risi} ‘reed, pen’]
¶risuresa - n - offering [RISEI UREICA ‘grain rite’]
¶risuzan - vt ø - illustrate [dynamic forms of RISUNDEN, i.e. ‘provide images’] 
¶rivel - n - ad [abbr. of prorivel]
¶rivelát - n - advertising industry; publicity, marketing
¶rizuir - vt - amuse someone [dynamic tenses of RIDIR ‘smile, make to smile’]
¶	zet rizuir  amuse oneself, have fun
¶rizesa - n - amusement, merriment
¶rizi - n - smile
¶rizir - vi Ag - smile [RIDIR]
¶	zen rizir  smile (may be used in past tense to avoid confusion with ridir ‘laugh’) 
¶	Cira esë ridre myasomán?  Did my wife smile at the butcher? 
¶rocá - n - epic [ROCCA, from Cuêzi {roccâ} ‘story’, nominalization of {rōci} ‘tell’]
¶rocia - n m -plot [reborrowing of ROCIAS, from Cuêzi rōcias ‘telling’]
¶rocura - n - adventure [ROCCURA]
¶rocuren - vi  adventure
¶rocuro - n - (Avéle) rogue, adventurer [Keb. {rokureu}]
¶rodo - a invar - nice
¶Roďa - n - Eleďe name [OV {Roďe}]
¶roďer - vt ø - excuse [RUŤER ‘pardon’]
¶	Urave, roďereu tardeca esë  Please excuse my tardiness
¶	Len roďu  That’s all right; I excuse you
¶roďi - n - excuse
¶roheica - n - sprain, cramp [reborrowing of ROHEICA ‘twisting’, from ROHIR]
¶	Hipsalďru/Tenao roheica im crurán   I got/have a cramp in my leg
¶rof - n - ditch, trench [ROVOS]
¶	belgo im rofin  trench warfare
¶rofan - v - dig a trench; (Er. slang) get rid of, fire; kill
¶roful - n - groove, engraved line [diminutive of rof]
¶rofulan - n - engrave
¶rofulát - n - engraving
¶rog - n - (animal) horn (pl. roži) [ROGOS]
¶röma - n - count; reckoning, calculation [RUEMA]
¶röman - vt ø - calculate; keep accounts [RUEMEN]
¶römát - n - accounting; economy, efficiency [RUEMANTOS]
¶römniru - n - computer [‘calculate-machine’]
¶römniruy - n - computational, programmatic
¶romobode - n - tragedy; tragic [Cuêzi {rōmoboede}, from {rōmo} ‘sad’]
¶römom - n - accountant; clerk
¶römul - n - personal computer [originaly römnirul dim. of ‘computer’]
¶ronan - vt ø - check; (military) patrol, reconnoiter [Benécian rûnan ‘add up’, from RUEMEN ‘count’]
¶roni - n - check; patrol
¶röni - n - (MV slang) computer [abbr.]
¶rosbrune - a - auburn, dark reddish brown [‘red-brown’]
¶roscašne - a - maroon, deep reddish brown [‘red-chestnut’]
¶rose - a, n - red (of hair); a type of flower
¶royi - n - spin; (music) key, tuning
¶royir - vi Pt - spin; (music) tune an instrument [ROHIR]
¶rožát - n - madness
¶rožek - n - peg [‘small horn’ in OV]
¶rožual - n - unicorn [‘horn-horse’]
¶rožy - a - mad [ROGIS]
¶ruda - n - ore; resource; (math) square root [RUDA ‘raw materials’]
¶	ruda i par  square root of four
¶	tverë ruda  cube root
¶rude - a - raw, primitive
¶rüdile - n - dessert made of shaved ice, fruit juice, and liquor [Ism. {rydile}, from ryde ‘ice’, from RIOTOS]
¶rudom - n - tribesman, hunter-gatherer [‘raw man’]
¶Ruďa - n - Eleďe name [OV {Ruťa}]
¶Rufo - n - Eleďe name [OV {Rufo}]
¶ruk - n - speed, velocity [RUȞ]
¶rukwél - n - poplar [Xur. {ruxwel}]
¶ruiso - n - alley
¶ruizer - vi Ag - trot [RUȞINSER ‘speed up’]
¶rura - n - country, countryside [RURA]
¶rurom - n - peasant
¶rurotá - n - social error, faux pas [‘peasantism’]
¶ruscurë - a - foreign; (n) foreign affairs, the world [‘primitive countries’]
¶	Reďreo i Ruscurë  Foreign Ministry
¶Rüše - n - Cuzeian name [Ruyise ‘red’]
¶rušisec - vi Ag - skate [Xur. {rušis}]
¶rušiseo - n - skating
¶	kumpa and rušiseon  skate
¶ruřy - a - fast [RUȞRIS]
¶ruzbideš - n - hard cider [Xur. {rus bídeš} ‘apple wine’]
¶ruže - a - red [RUGITES]
¶ružcöt - n - ladybug [‘red beetle’]
¶ružkadul - n - (pejorative) moneylender [‘red ass’]
¶ružkuna - n - money lent at high interest; usury [‘red money’]
¶ružkunom - n - moneylender
¶ružžue - a - reddish; the slightly reddish color of Westerners and Téllinorese 
¶ryot - n - ice [RIOTOS]
¶ryotka - n - (slang) girl who’s frigid or unwilling to have sex [‘ice-girl’]
¶ryotse - a - icy; (Ct slang) cool, neat; (MV slang) easy, piece of cake 
¶/Ř
¶řačát - n - privacy
¶řače - a - private [KRAITRES ‘interior’]
¶řaf - interj - arf! woof!  [imitative]
¶řafan - vi Ag - bark
¶	Cuonul eše řafřafe ak len?  Is my doggie-woggie barking at you?
¶řam - n - cult, non-Verdurian or widely disapproved religion [variant of řem]
¶řanäm - a - valuable [‘to be kept’]
¶řandën - n - diary, journal [‘keep-day’]
¶řaneca - n - preservation, keeping
¶řaner - vt ø - keep, hold on to, save, preserve; rein in (a horse) [ȞRANER ‘safeguard’]
¶	zet řaner  keep to oneself
¶Řanor - n - Rhânor [Bar. {Rhânor} ‘borderland’, from KRAIS ‘edge’]
¶řanore - a, n - Rhânori
¶řanoš - n - leash; reins [‘hold-thing’]
¶řark - n - saliva, spit
¶	řark guye  bilge, slop, any tasteless drink
¶	imsisul ab řarkán  all dressed up
¶řarkir - vi Ag - spit [imitative]
¶řas - n - rose— the Almean variety has no thorns
¶řasačia - n - blush
¶řasačir - vi Pt - blush [‘rose’ + -ačir]
¶řase - a - rose, pink [KRASE]
¶řasia - n - rosé wine
¶Řavcaëna - n - Goddess of Agriculture; (music) 11th note of a scale, fixed C
¶řavy - a - courageous, valorous [ȞRABRIS]
¶řavica - n - courage, valor [ȞRABRICA]
¶řavniru - n - helicopter [Dhekhnami <i>khyav</i> 'grasshopper’ + ‘machine’]
¶řay - n - edge, limit; brim [KRAIS]
¶	řay pisul  hem, cuff
¶	tompec soi řaom  just miss, have a close call
¶řaysaten - vt ø - delimit, demarcate; survey [‘establish limit’]
¶řayzöm - n - faucet, end valve [‘edge gate’]
¶	brugiven so řayzöm  start or stop crying 
¶ře - n - (music) abbr. for Řavcaena, note 11
¶ř’e - contraction - řo e ‘it isn’t’
¶řeba - n - spine; keel [KREBA]
¶řecäm - n - crust, scab
¶řecan - vi Pt - scrape [imitative of a scraping sound]
¶ředao - n - belief [‘I believe’]
¶řédë - n - (colloq.) girl, broad, dame, wife; (MV) woman [redelcë  ‘woman’]
¶ředec - vt ø - believe, trust in [KREDEC]
¶	Ředao Enäron  I believe in Enäron
¶	Řo len ředao  I don’t believe you
¶	Ředao dy ei rožy  I believe you’re crazy
¶Řegoro - n - Eleďe name [OV {Gregorio}]
¶řek - n - cross [KREȞ]
¶řekan - vt ø - cross
¶řekise - a - perpendicular [‘cross-ish’]
¶řem - a - sacred [KREM ‘sacred’]
¶	lyö řem  ‘very holy’— form of address for patriarchs
¶řemát - n - sacredness, holiness
¶	řemát lë  ‘your holiness’— form of address for clerics
¶řemnáe - n - temple [‘holy place’]
¶řemuris - n - religion; ‘temple worship’ as opposed to ‘philosophy’ or řami ‘cults’ [‘sacred worship’]
¶	Řemuris imlebul  a dissident hierarchy within Caďinorian paganism
¶řemuriste - a - religious
¶řena - n m - flint, uncrystallized silicon dioxide [KRENAS]
¶řes - n - male dog [KRESOS]
¶řez - n - work [Caizu {hhez}]
¶řezec - n - worker, laborer
¶řezek - n - task, chore, job— a small piece of work or element of a larger one
¶řezen - vi Ag - work
¶	řezen and baraďun zië  work for one’s brother
¶	Řezai comfantece  I work hard
¶řezenát - n - proletariat, labor (as a group or movement), the workers
¶řezene - a - of or for labor; populist
¶	řežene oligu  labor movement
¶řeznáe - n - workshop, workplace
¶řezy - a - eternal [KRENSIS, earlier KREMSIS, ‘godlike’, from KREM ‘sacred’]
¶řeženát - n - lower class, proletariat
¶řežene - a - lower class, proletarian [‘work-people’]
¶řeženom - n - worker, proletarian
¶řežžina - n - maid, servant girl [‘work girl’]
¶řim - n - kidney [KRIM]
¶řimula - n - spleen [‘little kidney’, from its shape’]
¶řis - a - free [ȞRIS]
¶řisát - n - freedom, liberty
¶Řisto - n - Eleďe name [OV {Ȟristoforo}]
¶řit - n - pan (pl. řiči) [KRITOS]
¶řitčena - n - (meat) pie, casserole
¶	řitčena tsessë  (dessert) pie
¶řivo - n - mayor [KRIBRO ‘boss’]
¶řizo - n - root, source, base [ȞRINSO]
¶řizon - n - beet [ȞRINSOND ‘big root’]
¶řo - adv - no, not; negative prefix [Curiyan hho]
¶	Řo cumprenai bomřaneci  I don’t understand conservatives
¶	Nikto řo vule niš  Nobody wants anything
¶	Řo, dëkuy  No, thank you
¶	
¶	NOTE: Etymologies are not given for simple antonyms using řo-.
¶řoadfere - a - insupportable, unbearable
¶řoagoläm - a - unimportant, insignificant
¶řoamrabe - a - illegal
¶řoavulën - a - involuntary
¶řobekamát - n - discomfort; (MV) malaise, alienation
¶řobekame - a - uncomfortable
¶řobelacatise - a - impolite
¶řoca - n - hook [KROCUA]
¶řocellele - a - opaque 
¶řocen - vt - hook
¶řocepele - a - unfaithful
¶řoconďayäm - a - indefensible, invalid
¶řocreče - a - unpleasant
¶řočilise - a - unusual, extraordinary
¶řočuste - a - infrequent
¶řodeďëse - a - upright, vertical [‘not askew’]
¶řodembrea - n - nonexistance
¶řodembul - a - nonexistant
¶Řoď - n - Hroth [Bar. {Rhoth}]
¶řoďul - a - rough, uneven
¶řoďumise - a - impatient
¶řóece - adv - not at all
¶řoečomul - a - unschooled, uneducated, having no or just a few years of school; ignorant
¶řoeššane - a - impossible
¶řofähe - a - incapable, unable
¶řofasil - a - difficult
¶řofayul - a - unnecessary
¶řoforte - a - soft, faint (of sounds) [‘not loud’]
¶řoga - n - plaster; gypsum, hydrous calcium sulphate [KROGA]
¶řogonicore - a - incoherent, inconsistent
¶řohecuise - a - changeable, mutable, in flux
¶řohipcrivan - vt ø - veto, reject (a law or form) 
¶řohuvul - a - undyed, natural; beige 
¶řoicát - n - absence
¶řoicë - a - absent
¶řoinye - a - unkind
¶řoisoncre - a - regular
¶řokunondise - a - inexpensive
¶řolele - a - invisible
¶řolereže - a - unhappy
¶řolüssë - a - sane [’not insane’]
¶řom - a - lame [ȞROM]
¶řoman - vi Ag - limp
¶řomifan - vt - disallow; prohibit, outlaw
¶řomiyire - a - unobvious, obscure; unnatural
¶řomižeo - n - gaffe, slip of the tongue [‘you didn’t say’]
¶řomuán - adv - nonetheless
¶řon - n - language [ȞRON]
¶	so pere řon  proto-Eastern
¶řonosula - n - spinster, unmarried woman
¶řonurul - a - boorish, uncultured, nekulturny  [‘unnourished’]
¶řootimize - a - indescribable, ineffable
¶řooticumprene - a - incomprehensible
¶řooticunëse - a - untrustworthy, unreliable
¶řootisible - a - unavoidable, unmissable, inevitable
¶řootitroge - a - untouchable, immune [‘untouchable’]
¶řopan - vi Ag - burp, belch [imitative]
¶řopeil - a - upset, agitated, uneasy [‘unpeaceful’]
¶řopronunete - a - permanent
¶řořa - n - minstrel [KROȞUA ‘street entertainer’]
¶řořuir - vi Ag - gargle [imitative]
¶řosënul - a - uncertain; sexually inexperienced
¶řoseor - a - dirty, impure; immoral
¶řosmeric - a - incompetent, unprofessional [‘not a smeric’]
¶řosoran - vt - (Avéle) ambush [khsowor]
¶řošelise - a - awkward, clumsy [‘ungraceful’]
¶řošön - a - unattractive
¶řošriful - a, n - stranger; unknown
¶řosudreme - a - indecisive 
¶řote - a - hoarse [imitative]
¶řoteplene - a - incomplete, partial
¶řotošte - a - insufficient, inadequate, unsatisfactory
¶řoulele - a - unaware, ignorant [‘not perceiving’]
¶řovanesa - n - neutrality
¶řovanul - a - neutral; impartial, unbiased; a third party
¶řovižiäm - a - unlikely
¶řovižul - a - unexpected, unfamiliar
¶řovoitát - n - virginity
¶řovoitula - a - virgin [‘unentered’]
¶řozadete - a - pointless, insignificant; meaningless
¶řozadi - n - pointlessness
¶řozentene - a - unlettered, illiterate
¶řožen - vt ø - plaster [KROGA ‘plaster, gypsum’]
¶řožive - a - inactive; moribund; (formal or legal) dead; in the the uncounted rows on a metta; not in play, inactive
¶řucor - n - government [KRUCOR ‘control, administration’, from KRUCEC ‘govern’]
¶řucoriviso - n - political science
¶řuk - n - castle [KRUȞ]
¶řulo - n - clown [Keb. {ḣulo} ‘idiot’]
¶řum - n - head cold [KRUMBOS]
¶řun - n - grunt [imitative]
¶řunan - vi Ag - grunt (like a pig)  
¶řur - n - growl, snarl
¶řurec - vi Ag - growl, snarl [KRUREC]
¶řurc - n - vulture— large scavenger bird [imitative of its cry]
¶řusec - vt ø - govern, administer [KRUCEC ‘control’]
¶	řucë ab itianán  dominated by the heart
¶řusi - n - muscle; (MV slang) thug, pimp [KRUCIS, from KRUCEC ‘control’]
¶	řusi elirë  flesh and blood
¶	řusul  muscular
¶řusil - a - (Er. slang) eerie, creepy [Sarroc]
¶řusiom - n - thug, esp. a gangster’s hired muscle [‘muscleman’]
¶řusul - a - civil, civilized, organized [‘governed’]
¶řusulát - n - civilization
¶řuvaré - n - (Er. slang) nerve, chutzpah [Keb.]
¶řuy - n - wonder, awe, astonishment, confusion [ȞRUIS ‘bafflement’]
¶	šesan řuim  astonish 
¶řuy - n - (MV slang) vagina [Šɯk]
¶řuyan - vi Pt - wonder, marvel; to be astonished
¶	řuyan prî bolyášein cebrelin  marvel at the big buildings
¶řuzë - a - chesty, bosomy
¶řuzi - n - chest, bosom [ȞRUDIS]
¶/S
¶sa - prep - through [SAS]
¶sa- - prefix - sister’s 
¶sabato - n - Sabbath, Ceďnare [Greek σάββατον]
¶sabelgom - n - veteran [‘through-war-man’]
¶sablačir - v - (MV slang) rib, tease [‘throw sand’]
¶sablia - n - desert
¶sably - n - sand; a stretch of beach [SABLIS]
¶sabrigan - vi Ag - overcome, prevail, win against the odds [SASBRIGAN ‘punch through’]
¶sabun - n - soap [SABUND, augmentative of SABOS ‘tallow’]
¶sade - a - true, genuine, real; authoritative [SADRES ‘genuine’]
¶sadesa - n - truth, genuineness
¶sadëžea - n - stress, distress; harrassment
¶sadëžen - vt - distress, harrass [‘pull through’]
¶	sadëžul  distraught, distressed, stressed out
¶sädra - n - sister [SAUDARA]
¶saďil - a - bushy, unkempt (of hair); bristly [SAŤIL ‘tufty’]
¶saďilënev - n - caterpillar [‘bristly worm’]
¶saeftima - n - septum [reborrowing of SAEPTIMA ‘partition’]
¶sahiran - vi Pt - float [SAS ‘through’ + ȞIRAN ‘flail’]
¶	šesan sahiran  make something float
¶Sahoro - n - Cuzeian name [Sauōros ‘salty’]
¶sakad - n - almond [SAKADOS]
¶saláncë - a - experienced, capable, jaded, cynical but without bitterness [‘through troubles’]
¶salďia - n - feeling; experience
¶salďir - vt ø - feel through the air: e.g. temperature, humidity; experience [SALEŤIR]
¶	Salďu froe  I feel cold
¶	So froát zet salďe  You can feel the cold
¶salë - a - dirty [SALGES]
¶salele - a - clear [‘see-through’]
¶salsu - n - fascist [Xur. ‘martial.vigor-ist’]
¶salsuisát - n - fascism
¶salsuise - a - fascist
¶saluen - vt ø - prostitute (neutral term) [OV ‘make dirty’]
¶	zet saluen  prostitute oneself, work as a prostitute
¶salui - n - prostitute
¶saluyora - n - house of prostitution
¶salyačir - vt - make dirty or muddy, clog [SALGATIR]
¶	zet salyacir  get dirty, muddy, or clogged up
¶salyoš - n - dirt (on body, furniture, etc.) [SALGOSIOS ‘dirty stuff’]
¶salyuazo - n - pigeon [‘dirty bird’]
¶sam - prep - without [OV {sam, san}; from BUSAN]
¶	sam stekanan  without a glass
¶	sam ženatán  without a family
¶	sam sramen  without shame
¶	sam ďunán  minus two
¶	par sam ďunán  four minus two
¶samaďise - a - atheistic, godless
¶samanëde - a - of unremarkable descent; mongrel [‘without lineage’]
¶samaraste - a - careless [‘without care’]
¶sambale - a - tactless, insensitive [‘without tact’]
¶sambrake - n - vest-coat [‘without arms’]
¶sambuše - a - bland, tasteless [‘without mouth’]
¶samcalseë - a - barefoot [‘without shoes’]
¶samďeve - a - harmless [‘without harm’]
¶samfäsul - n - integer [‘without remainder’]
¶samidikon - a - alike; unvarying, uniform [‘without peculiarities’]
¶samiose - a - merciless
¶Samirh - n - Cuzeian name [Samīrex ‘brightness’]
¶samiscrene - a - heartless, inhuman, irresponsible [‘without feeling’]
¶samlëce - a - separate, distinct [‘without link’]
¶samlele - a - blind [‘without sight’]
¶samlešele - a - free, for free [‘without cost’]
¶samlukule - a - blameless, not guilty [‘without guilt’]
¶samnome - a - anonymous [‘nameless’]
¶samnurža - n - fast [‘without food’]
¶samnuržen - vi  fast
¶samo - n - (MV slang) unemployed person [abbr. {samřeze}]
¶samolotë - n - apathy, lack of interest; adj  apathetic [‘without feeling’]
¶sampire - n - orphan, without parents; adj  orphaned [‘without parents’]
¶samplom - sphalerite, blende, zinc sulphide [‘without lead’] 
¶	gent samplomei  zinc
¶sampunse - a - flawless, intact [‘without flaw’]
¶samröme - a - countless, without number [‘without calculation’]
¶	Soî almeî samrömî  the Uncounted Worlds created by Eleď
¶samřaye - a - unlimited, boundless [‘without limit’]
¶samředao - a - unbelief [‘without belief’]
¶samředë - n - unbeliever
¶samřezát - n - unemployment; idleness
¶samřeze - a - idle; unemployed, out of work [‘without work’]
¶samsfahe - a - mute; (Internet slang) lurker [‘without speech’]
¶samsluše - a - deaf [‘without hearing’]
¶samsubrele - a - futile, in vain [‘without result’]
¶samsrame - a - shameless, unscrupulous; scoundrel, someone without shame or conscience [‘without shame’]
¶samšene - a - restless [‘without rest’]
¶samtroge - a - insensitive, numb, unable to feel by touch [‘without touch’]
¶Samuilo - Eleďe name [OV {Samuel}]
¶samuverát - n - nudity
¶samuvere - a - nude [‘without clothes’]
¶samvale - a - worthless [‘without worth’]
¶samveaďe - a - uncharitable, loveless [‘without love’]
¶samvoloe - a - apathetic, uncaring, unfeeling [‘without will’]
¶sanceloše - a - constant, incesstant [‘without a gap’]
¶sanat -  n - currency of the DU [Tžuro ‘sword’] 
¶sanci - n - recruit, inductee, newbie [sam cistilan ‘without a crown’, i.e. without the decoration for a year’s service]
¶sancuraya - n - nonsense [‘without reason’]
¶sancurayne - a - nonsensical
¶sančerene - a - imprudent [‘without prudence’]
¶sančuce - a - innocent [‘spotless’]
¶sančucesa - n - innocence
¶sandálua - n - republic [‘without a king’]
¶sane - a - well, healthy [SANDES]
¶sangaënát - n - relief; reprieve
¶sangaëne - a - relieved, reprieved [sam gaiein ‘without the fates’— i.e. having escaped or avoided disaster]
¶sangués - n - anarchy, anarchism [‘without-power’]
¶sanguesom - a, n - anarchist
¶sangucöre - a - duplicitous, corrupt, unprincipled; sin vergüenza [‘without integrity’]
¶	Ei sangucöre?  Have you no shame?
¶sankaše - a - fearless [‘without fear’]
¶sankeše - a - eternal, endless [‘without end’]
¶sankune - a - penniless [‘without money’]
¶sankuse - a - desperate, rash [‘without counsel’]
¶sannačir - vt ø - lord it over, be domineering or overbearing
¶sannanke - a - arrogant [Ct {sanno} ‘lord’ + pejorative suffix]
¶sannát - n - the institution or period of the Verdurian Lords
¶sannankesa - n - arrogance
¶sannei - n - lady [SANNEIS]
¶sanno - n - lord [OV {sano}; spelling corrected from the original SANNO]
¶Sannora - n - the Caďinorian emperor’s council
¶sansa - n - (Avéle slang) young woman, girl [Dh. sanso]
¶santele - a - mere [‘without each other’]
¶sanženate - a - without a family [‘without family’]
¶sanžene - a - vacant [‘without people’]
¶sar - a, n - east [SAR]
¶Sara - n - Eleďe name [OV {Sarra}]
¶Sarena - n - Cuzeian name [Sarēina ‘easterner’]
¶sarilo - n - Easterner— one speaking the original or an early Eastern language
¶sarise - a, n - Eastern— relating to the language family
¶Sarnáe - n - Sarnáe [SARNAURE‘east land’]
¶sarnar - n, a - Sarnáean
¶Sarroc - n - Sarroc, the Caďinorian language of Sarnáe [Sarroc ‘east’ from SAR + loc from Munkhâshi ‘speech’]
¶sas - n invar - the 14th letter of the Verdurian alphabet, S <tt>S</tt> [reborrowing of SAS; OV {sa}]
¶sasavi - n - a small gold coin of Ismahi [Ism. {sasavi}, from SAŤAE HIBU ‘tufted owl’; the coin bears the image of this bird]
¶sascuraya - n - investigation, research; legal or scientific inquiry 
¶sascurien - vi Ag - investigate, research [reborrowing of SASCURIEN ‘make an official inquiry’]
¶sasna - n - pine— tall conifer, generally prefers hills [SACNA]
¶sašáy - n - (MV slang) prostitute [Šɯk]
¶sašne - n - the large gold coin of Ismahi, worth about 2/3 oř [Ism. {saçne} ‘pine’, the emblem of Ismahi, stamped on these coins]
¶säte - n - hall [SAUTE]
¶saten - vt - build; establish, enact; base (an argument) [OV {säten}]
¶	saten šeíra  build a palace
¶	saten deväm  oblige
¶sateo - n - building, establishment
¶sätevisanom - n - architect
¶säteviso - n - architecture [‘study of buildings’]
¶satotá - n - contraption, apparatus, jerry-rig, architectural folly [‘buildingism’]
¶satoten - vt ø - jerry-rig
¶satre - n - sovereign [reborrowing of SATRES]
¶sauťa - n - (Er. slang) hair [Sarroc ‘bristles’]
¶savakan - vt ø - spy (on)
¶	savakan soem ďeknamen  spy on the Dhekhnami
¶savakát - n - espionage, intelligence 
¶savake - a - clandestine, of or relating to espionnage [savrake ‘through enemy’]
¶savakom - n - spy
¶Savel - n - Eleďe name [OV {Savlo}]
¶savinte - n - bolt (mechanical) [‘through-screw’]
¶savinten - vt - bolt together
¶sayrina - n - galaxy [Xur. {xayurina} ‘sky river’]
¶saza - n - princess [SADUA]
¶sazana - n - princedom, principality
¶	sazane (gen.)  princely
¶sazë - n - prince [SADUILE ‘your highness’, from SADUES ‘prince’— originally a crown prince, later any child of the king; in Verd. usage extends to grandchildren]
¶sažise - a - subsequent, succeeding; successive [SACTISES, from SACTE ‘after’]
¶sažuna - n - administrative region [SAIUNDA ‘military division’]
¶sažuro - n - governor [SAIURION ‘military governor’]
¶sbayu - n - calf [Western {subahu}]
¶sbayumyaso - n - veal [‘calf-meat’]
¶scaďora - n - century [SECAŤORA ‘hundred-collection’]
¶scafi - n - dock
¶Scafiora - n - the Scafiora , the waterfront quarter of Verduria city
¶scafir - vi Ag - dock
¶scaleia - n - gas [reborrowing of SCALEIA ‘air, breath’] 
¶scerno - n - (mathematical) axis [reborrowing of SCERNO ‘hinge, axis’]
¶scescan - vt ø - rattle [imitative]
¶	scescan glavam zië  to risk one’s neck
¶scila - n - shrub [reborrowing of SCILA]
¶	seft scile  hedge
¶scilec - n - shrubber
¶scolisec - n - indefinite pronoun [formed from SCOLI ‘how much’]
¶scorso - n - branch [SUCURSUS]
¶	colir scorsoë  gather brushwood
¶scorsok - n - stick, twig [OV dim. of ‘branch’]
¶scrifel - n - past tense [reborrowing of SCRIFEL ‘known’]
¶scrifteca - n - second-level academic degree, implying mastery of a subject and ability to teach [neo-Caďinor SCRIFTECA, nom. from  SCRIFTA ‘knowledge’]
¶scurë - n - ethnic group, nationality; (taxonomy) phylum [CICURILE]
¶scúreden - n - first day of the week [‘country day’]
¶scuri - n - country; homeland; where you’re from, where people are like you (cf. pážian, whose focus is on mere area) [CICURIS]
¶scustebran - vt -  mortify; humiliate [reborrowing of SCUSTEBRAN, from SCUSTES ‘dead’]
¶scustebrát - n - mortification; humilation
¶se - pron - I [SEO]
¶se - n - (music) abbr. for Eši, note 10
¶-se - suffix - with, having (common adjectival ending): e.g. bracse, orgölse, želse
¶’së - pron - abbreviation for esë, ‘my’
¶sea - n - woman (OV name element; also Ct) [SAEA]
¶secu - n - telephone [Secku, its inventor]
¶	secu samfile  wireless telephony, i.e. radio
¶sedau - adv - however
¶sefo - n - boy [Keb. {seheu} ‘cabin boy’, lit. ‘climber’]
¶seft - n - fence [SAEPTOS]
¶seftima - n - partition, divider [SAEPTIMA]
¶segly - n - rye [SEGLIS]
¶	tel segly  a Téllinorese variety of rye
¶sel - n - salt, sodium chloride; or any salt [SAEL]
¶	sel elcarin  iron sulphate, vitriol
¶	sel imelilec  smelling salts, ammonium carbonate [‘invigorating salt’]
¶	sel Mirašcarei  Epsom salts, magnesium sulphate [‘Mirašcaré salt’]
¶	sel ševeië  sal ammoniac, ammonium chloride [‘salt of hair’]
¶	sel vinnape  cream of tartar, potassium bitartrate [‘salt of wine dregs’]
¶selë - n - river [*CELERILE, extra-nominalized form of CELERE]
¶	soa selë Eärdur  the Eärdur River
¶selembre - n - natron, sodium carbonate [‘bitter salt’]
¶selëzëču - n - hippopotamus— large herbivore, dwelling in rivers in savannah or jungle [‘river-heavy’]
¶selkare - n - sodium tetraborate, borax [‘salt of the Kara desert’]
¶selse - a - salty
¶selta - n - light [SELETA]
¶seltandas - n - solar panel [‘panel for light’]
¶seltavát - n - lighting
¶seltaven - vt - light, set alight [SELETABREN]
¶séltio - n - photon [‘light-particle’]
¶seloda - n - herring— a small ocean fish [‘salty one’, Avélan dialect]
¶selon - n - bronze, copper-tin alloy [CELONDOS, from Cuêzi {cêlon} ‘sword material’]
¶sëm - n - tar [variant of sima ‘resin’]
¶sëmačir - vt - tar
¶semil - a - decent, proper [OV {seme} from CESMES ‘tending to be moral’ + -il]
¶semizi - n - forearm [CEMIDIS]
¶sen - pron - me (dat.)
¶sena - n - bill, beak [CENNA]
¶sënan - vt ø - test, try [CERNAN ‘sift’]
¶sëneo - n - test, trial
¶senge - n - presbyterate [reborrowing of SENGE ‘flock’]
¶senka - n - (Ct slang) trashy or slutty girl [{sea} + pej. suffix]
¶sënul - a - certain; sexually experienced [‘tested’]
¶sënza - n - human affairs; society; one’s affairs; things to do; occupation [OV {syenesa} ‘busyness’, originally ‘trials’; see sënan]
¶	sam sënzan  free, unoccupied
¶sënzec - a - worldly; busy with one’s sënza
¶sënzise - a - social
¶sëoliguom - n - partisan, supporter [‘my-party-man’]
¶seor - a - clean, moral [CEOR]
¶	šrifta seorei  conscience, moral sense
¶seorát - n - morality, ethics
¶seorfassë - a - moralizing, preaching
¶seorfassec - v - moralize, nag [‘manufacture morality’]
¶seosulát - n - solipsism [SEO SUL ‘I alone’]
¶ser - a, n - male [CER]
¶serát - n - masculinity
¶Serea - n - Serea river [SERAEA, probably related to sar]
¶Serio - n - Eleďe name [OV {Sergio,  Seryio}]
¶serizan - vt ø - stare at [PSERINSAN, prolongative form of PSERAN ‘watch’]
¶serizea - n - stare, gaze
¶serse - a - manly, macho 
¶seslina - n - turquoise [Ism. {seslines} ‘nobleman’s jewel’] 
¶sesuan - vt - wet, dampen
¶sesue - a - wet [CESUES]
¶sesul - a - moist
¶sesüza - n - glaze [CESUENSA ‘waterproofing’]
¶sesüzen - vt ø - glaze
¶sesy - a - acute (of angles) [Cuêzi {sēci}]
¶seše - a - dry; (slang) easy, no sweat [SESIES]
¶sešesa - n - dryness
¶sešue - a - heavy, dense; accented (speech) [CESCUES]
¶	sfahec sešuece com Zeirein  speak with a heavy Zeiri accent
¶sešuesa - n - heaviness, density; (speech) accent
¶seta - n - silk [SEŤA, from Meťaiun seťa]
¶setayušu - n - silkworm
¶sëte - n - the middle of the five singing tones, shared by men and women— countertenor, contralto [CERTES, from Cuêzi {certe} ‘middle’]
¶setise - a - sextuple [cf. Cuêzi ’six’]
¶seťa - n - (Avéle) silk [Keb.]
¶sevan - vt ø - raise, lift; build, erect [CEBRAN]
¶Sevasto - n - Eleďe name [OV {Sevastiano}]
¶seveo - n - construction, building [CEBREIO]
¶sevnilna - n - an easy girl; a tramp; a whore [‘lift-skirt’]
¶sevo - n - lifting, raising
¶sëvo - n - puppet [SERVO]
¶sevom - n - builder
¶sevúr - n - mortar [CEBREHUROS ‘building-clay’]
¶sezir - vi Ag - sob, bawl; pour, gush; rain cats and dogs [SEDIR ‘gush’]
¶sezu - n - dried meat, jerky [Bar., from sezië ‘dry’]
¶sezuë - n - spring, font
¶sežlór - n - insect [*SECTELOROS, pop. form of SETECLOROS, from Cuêzi {sêtecloros}, lit. ‘six-legger’]
¶sežžihe - n - raisin [‘dry berry’]
¶sfafken - vi Ag - inform (add an unaccented i before consonants: e.g. past sfafkinai...) [OV {sfaḣka} ‘a little speech’]
¶sfafkora - n - information
¶sfahe - n - speech; pronunciation [SPAȞE]
¶	soa Sfahe  Verdurian
¶	cot sfahecei  first person
¶sfahen - vt ø - speak; pronounce; focus is on conversation or on phonetics [SPAȞEN]
¶	sfahen log  speak a word
¶	sfahen soán imbemecán  speak to the teacher
¶	Toh zet sfahe cum labin ak durin  L is pronounced with the tongue against the teeth
¶sfapa - n - wordplay to disguise words by reduplication [Sfahe]
¶sfahul - n - latest rage; celebrity
¶sfaise - a - dutiful
¶sfay - n - duty [SPAIS]
¶sfeluca - n - cavern [SPELUNCA]
¶sfečy - a - spicy [SPETRIS]
¶sfer - n - beast [SPEROS ‘wild beast’]
¶sferil - a - brutal, beastly
¶sferul - n - any small mammal— e.g. beaver, mole, mouse.  Only very small carnivores, e.g. shrews, can be considered sferulî 
¶sfesa - n - bundle, bunch [SPEICA]
¶sfeš - n - flash [imitative]
¶sfešer - vi Ag - flash
¶sfetnáe - n - grocery
¶sfeto - n - spice [SPETO]
¶sfetom - n - grocer: dealer in spices, cheese, and imported foods, but not wines, meat, or bread
¶sfëz - a - fresh [SPENS]
¶sfica - n - nail (pl. sfisî) [SPICA]
¶sfuka - n - (Er. slang) slut [‘quick’ + f.]
¶sfutát - n - velocity, speed, quickness
¶sfute - a - quick [synesthetic]
¶sfuteniru - n - clockwork, moving parts, works, machinery [‘quick-machine’]
¶sfutlelen - vt - spot [‘quick-see’]
¶siblec - a - disappointing
¶siblir - vi Ag - whistle; fall short; vt  miss; disappoint [SIBELIR]
¶sic - n - willow [SICOS]
¶sič - prefix - (Er., Xurnese System) 100
¶siča - adv - just now, right now, right then, en train de  [SITRA ‘at once’]
¶sičarb - n - lemon tree [‘lemon’ + ‘tree’]
¶sičel - n - acid [nominalization of ‘lemon’]
¶sičise - ad - acid, acidic
¶sičo - n - lemon [CITRO]
¶	sičo šurë  grapefruit
¶	sičo verde  lime
¶sidát - n - thirst [SIDANTOS, from SIDIS ‘thirsty’]
¶sidro - n - a condiment resembling soy sauce, made from trow beans [Nanese sidrɔu]
¶siďďi - n - serpent, snake— long thin legless reptile [SIĎRIS]
¶siireo - n - roll
¶siirec - vi Ag - roll [SILIREC]
¶siiru - n - wheel [SILIRUS]
¶siirukeša - n - brake [‘wheel-stop’]
¶siku - n - pan-flute [from a Rafsani language]
¶sikřu - n - orbital bomber [situriec křumletniru]
¶Sila - n - Eleďe name [OV {Sila}]
¶silireca - n - tendency, trend
¶silirec - vi Pt - tend to be, gradually become [reborrowing of SILIREC ‘roll’]
¶	Soî prosiî siliru värhemî  The streets are becoming dangerous
¶	øuand esë silire agasan  My neighbor tends to be annoying
¶silor - n - need, necessity, lack [CILOR]
¶siloran - vt - need [CILORAN]
¶silui - n - type of songbird [named for its song]
¶silva - n - forest [SILVA]
¶silvë - a - forested
¶sima - n - resin [SIMOLA]
¶simula - n - varnish [šerë simula ‘resined beer’— one way of making a varnish]
¶simulačir - vt ø - varnish
¶sinmano - n - glove [CINTAMANUS ‘around the hand’]
¶sira - body; (Pauline) the flesh [CIRA]
¶siräbia - n - embodiment; incarnation
¶siräber - vt ø -embody, exemplify, model; incarnate, take on a body [CIRAHABER ‘wear a body’]
¶sirise - a - bodily, physical; carnal [CIRISES]
¶siř - n - fight
¶siřan - vi ø - fight [CIȞAN ‘scuffle’ (colloq.)]
¶	Dobu, siřei ak sabelgomán  You’re fighting a war veteran, hombre
¶siřcar - n - fighter
¶siřcura - n - tournament; match, bout— wrestling, swordfighting, etc.
¶siřřožy - a - berserk, mad with rage [’fight-crazy’]
¶sisir - vi Ag - slip [CISIR]
¶sisna - n - gravel [CISENA]
¶	sisna përmácula  concrete
¶sisnul - a - gravelly; (MV slang) nasty, mean 
¶sista - n - chest, trunk, box [CISTA]
¶sisy - a - slippery
¶siš - n - (slang) sex, intercourse
¶sišen - vt ø - (slang) screw, touse, have sex with [Basfahe variant of sisir ‘slip’]
¶siškuda - n - (obscene) cunt; bitch
¶sišu - n - jellyfish [CISIU]
¶	malse com sišun  sick as a dog
¶sitana - n - yard, enclosure, corral [CINTANDA ‘surrounded place’]
¶siteza - n - loop [CINTENSA ‘thing that goes around’]
¶situran - vt - surround, be on all sides of [CINTURAN, from CINTA ‘around’] 
¶situriát - n - revolution, circumnavigation, orbit
¶	dimo situriátei  circumference
¶siturian - vt - circle, revolve around, go around, circumnavigate [dynamic tenses of CINTURAN]
¶situriec - n - satellite; (a) orbital [‘orbiter’]
¶	situriec křumletniru  orbital bomber
¶situroš - n - belt 
¶siüli - n - eyebrow [*CILIULIS, variant of CIULIS]
¶Siysa - n - Cuzeian name [siyise ‘a flower’]
¶sizer - vi Pt - be thirsty [from sizy]
¶sizy - a - thirsty [SIDIS]
¶sižnáe - n - smithy, a blacksmith’s workshop or establishment 
¶sižo - n - forge, furnace for forging metals [SICTO]
¶sižom - n - smith
¶sitre - a - immediate; sudden [reborrowing of SITER]
¶skaďu - n - sheep (Curiyan dialect)
¶skala - n - hut, hovel, shack [SKALLA]
¶skazir - vt ø - punish [dynamic forms of SKADEC ‘pay’; thus ‘cause to pay’] 
¶skazia - n - punishment
¶skiči - n - clenching; fearful shudder
¶skičir - vt/vi Pt - clench; tense up; (colloq.) shut up
¶skičise - a - ardent, extreme
¶skičy - a - tense
¶skuka - n - tedium, boredom
¶skukair - vi Pt - be bored
¶skusku - n - silliness [škuašy]
¶slëvo - n - (Er. slang) semen, cum [Sarroc]
¶slifi - n - cream [fem. form of OV {slif} ‘egg white, foam, paste’, from SLIVOS ‘egg white or any viscous liquid’]
¶slivura - n - ointment, (medicinal) cream or paste [SLIVURA]
¶slušia - n - hearing
¶slušir - vt ø - hear [CELUSCIR]
¶smeric - n - candidate for a degree; student; disciple (pl. smerisî) [SUMERIC ‘student’; see sumerir]
¶smernáe - n - college
¶smirát - n - humility
¶smire - a - humble; simple; unadorned [SIMIRES]
¶snocer - vt - club
¶snocu - n - (weapon) club [CNOCU]
¶snucäm - n - customer, client [‘to be served’]
¶snucan - vt ø - serve [SNUCAN ‘obey’]
¶snucát - n - service
¶snugá - n - servant; farmhand
¶snur - n - rope [CNUR ‘cord’]
¶snurek - n - thread, string
¶so - art - the (declension: m. so soei so soán soî soië soi soin;  f. soa soe soa soan soî soië soem soen) [SOH ‘said, aforementioned’]
¶söc - n - wasp [SUECOS]
¶socima - n - thorn [SOCLIMA, from SOCLIR ‘prick’]
¶socir - vi/vt - (Ct slang) have sex, screw [Curiyan]
¶soclezia - n - torture
¶soclezir - vt ø - torture [SOCLENSIR, intensive of SOCLIR ‘prick, stab’]
¶socole - n - rogue, rascal, sumbitch (never truly pejorative) [SOLUCOLES ‘perverse, criminal’, from Cuêzi {usolucolê} ‘heretical, perverse’, from ‘darkness-loving’]
¶Sofia - n - Eleďe name [OV {Sofia}]
¶sokol - n - hawk, falcon— swift bird of prey, smaller than an örn, and tameable [SOKUOL]
¶söl - a - (colloq. or MV) drunk, potted, plastered
¶	šendu söl  drinking game
¶Solešo - n - Cuzeian name [Solēsio ‘truth’]
¶solhain - a,n - of Solhai; (Ct slang) dummy, fool
¶solial - n - sunrise, dawn [apparently from so lial ‘the rising’]
¶	solial!  get wise! or get up!
¶solo - n - (Ct slang) brat, sassy person [Curiyan ‘salty’]
¶Solom - n - Eleďe name [OV {Solomon}]
¶Someše - n - Cuzeian name [Somêsie ‘dream of the sea’]
¶somoyu - n - one of the Somoyi barbarians [Western {somoyu} ‘trustworthy people’]
¶son - n - dream [SON]
¶sonan - vi Pt - dream [SONAN]
¶	sonan eta suloreî  dream about nuns
¶sönil - n - saddle; riding [ASUENIL]
¶sönilan - vt  saddle
¶sönilec - n - saddler
¶sör - n - fate; doom; death [SUERTOS]
¶	sörei  (invar.) fateful, ominous
¶sora - n - community [soa ora ‘the collection’]
¶sorea - n - a love song, esp. accompanied by the guitar; a serenade [Ism. {sorea}, from sore ‘romance’, from fsora]
¶sorean - vi Ag - serenade, sing love songs; court, esp. with gifts and music
¶sosia - n - whisper, whispering
¶sosir - vi Ag - whisper; (colloq.) gossip; (slang) rat, squeal (ak) [imitative]
¶Sostén - n - Eleďe name [OV {Sosťen}]
¶sote - a - (Benécian dialect) great
¶sote - n - jump
¶soter - vi Ag - jump [SALTER]
¶	soter tra fanka  jump the crick
¶	soter po ďunen čimen  jump six feet
¶sotéria - n - (Avéle) salvation [Greek]
¶sotok - n - grasshopper— large hopping insect, often preys on crops [OV ‘jumper’]
¶sotse - a - nervous [‘jumpy’]
¶spae - n - the pidgin of Karimia; other pidgins [Qarau pronunciation of sfahe]
¶spasian - vt - save, rescue [reborrowing of SPASIAN ‘rescue’]
¶spurir - vi  give up, surrender [student slang; reborrowing of SPURIR]
¶sram - n - shame, disgrace; scandal [CERAMOS]
¶	tenec sram  be ashamed
¶	Tal sram!  What a pity!
¶sramdonec - a - shameful [‘shame-giving’]
¶srava - n - seashell [CERAVA]
¶sravec - n - clam, shellfish
¶	feme sravec  oyster [‘rough shellfish’]
¶srešo - n - stirrup [SERESIO, from Cuêzi {sêresiu} ‘thing for standing’]
¶sroly - a - intricate [CIROLIS]
¶sřonker - vi Ag - snore [imitative]
¶stadë - pr - (Avéle) (formal) you
¶staf - n - ash (tree) [STAVOS]
¶stal - n - seat of a comitana
¶stampër - n - tinstone, stannous oxide [‘tin stone’]
¶stan - n - tin; name of a large tin coin, in Verduria worth 1/6 of an emura [STANNOS]
¶	stan plomul  pewter
¶stana - n - an emur coin of Cerei
¶stanil - n - a small tin coin of Benécia [stan + Benécian diminutive]
¶stanón - n - a large tin coin of Benécia [stan + Benécian augmentative]
¶stanse - a - made of tin; an emur coin of Curiya
¶stäv - n - straw [STAUBROS]
¶Stecel - n - the first high-level computer language [steräm celkestec ‘data transformer’]
¶Stefano - n - Eleďe name [OV {Stefano}]
¶stekana - n - glass (vessel)
¶steklo - n - glass (substance) [back-formation from steklom]
¶steklom - n - glassblower [regularized from OV {stereklo} or {sterec-lo}, from STEREC ‘tender’ + LEO ‘glass’]
¶stelika - n - dragonfly [OV dim. of ‘arrow’]
¶steräm - n - data
¶sterämora - n - database, data store 
¶sterer - vt ø - tend (a task or a flock), operate [STERER]
¶steria - n - operation, process, algorithm
¶strana - n - beach; coastline [STRANA]
¶streli - n - arrow [STRELIS]
¶strelima - n - dart [STRELIMA, dim. of STRELIS]
¶strelorát - n - fletching, bowmaking
¶streloro - n - fletcher or bowyer [STRELORION ‘master of arrows’]
¶stupao - n - rape
¶stupen - vt ø - rape, despoil [STUPEN ‘despoil’]
¶subran - vt - cite, quote [reborrowing of SUBRAN ‘follow’; cf. suvan]
¶subrel - n - result, effect; citation, quotation [reborrowing of SUBREL, from SUBRAN ‘follow’]
¶subu - n - (colloq.) idiot
¶subuďuďa - n - (colloq.) nonsense, ravings, babblings [‘idiot drool’]
¶sücno - n - phonograph record [Keb. {syḣknu} ‘potter’s wheel’]
¶sücnoš - n - record player
¶suco - n - juice (of fruit or meat); chemical fluid [SONCO]
¶	suco nešélië  substance underlying heredity, later analyzed as DNA
¶sucón - n - sauce [SONCOND augmentative of SONCO ‘juice’]
¶sučma - n - ornament, adornment, decoration [SUTIMA ‘little adornment’]
¶sud - n - sweat [SUDOS]
¶	cum sudán er Calton  with great effort, with blood and tears
¶sud - n - court (of law) [SUDROS]
¶sudiel - n - decision, sentence [SUDREL]
¶	raf sudiel  a just decision; by extension, a fair trial
¶sudir - vt ø - condemn; judge, prosecute, adjudicate between disputants; decide on [SUDRIR]
¶	zet sudir  decide
¶sudreme - a - decisive [reborrowing of SUDRESMES]
¶sue- - prefix - six (combination form)
¶suedecë - n - minute [‘one sixtieth’]
¶suerë - n - eyelid [SUHERHIE ‘on eye’]
¶sues - # - six [SUEST]
¶suesbrak - n - octopus [‘six arms’, since that’s how many they have on Almea]
¶suešual - n - fast carriage [‘six-horser’]
¶	 ruřy com suešualán  very fast
¶suetlen - vi Pt - meander [from the river Svetla]
¶suf - n - cork; the cork oak [SUBER, from Meť. {suber}; for a similar development cf. {kef}]
¶sui - n - squeak [imitative]
¶suian - vi Ag - squeak; (slang) speak up, say something
¶suin - a - squeaky; (slang) loose, easy
¶sul - a - only, sole, single; alone [SUL]
¶	řo...sul  only
¶	ac sul  but only if; unless
¶sul - a - young (OV name element)
¶sülcona - n - an emur coin of Kebri, worth 1/12 alat [Keb. {sylkona} ‘dark coin’]
¶sulea - n - youth [SULEIA]
¶suleďe - a - junior, younger [SULEĎES ‘younger’]
¶suleom - n - young person; adolescent
¶sulete - a - young
¶sulinora - n - poem; lyrics; eloquent writing [ archaic sulirnora, ‘verses’]
¶sulírn - n - line, verse [sur lirán ‘on a measure’]
¶sulirul - n - phrase; sentence, statement [‘small verse’]
¶	mašre sulirul  main clause
¶	snucec sulirul  subordinate clause
¶	dičî sulirulî  honeyed words, sweet-talking
¶sullimura - n - the part of the chest just above the breasts; also, a dress exposing this area [sur ‘above’ + limura ‘breast’]
¶sullimurát - n - decolletage
¶sullimurec - a - decolleté; low-cut
¶sulorei - n - nun, (female) hermit [SULOREIS]
¶suloro - n - monk, hermit [SULORION, earlier SULRORION ‘master of solitude’; see surre]
¶Sumeo - n - Eleďe name [OV {Sumeon}]
¶suméria - n - education, training; the first-level university degree (cf. scrifteca)
¶sumerir - vt ø - educate, train [reborrowing of SUMERIR ‘teach, study’, from Cuêzi {sumēri} ‘study’, intensive of mēri ‘read’]
¶sumerul - n - ‘bachelor’, one who has successfully completed his university studies; cf. smeric
¶Suntua - n - Eleďe name [OV {Suntuhe}]
¶suoto - n - (Avéle slang) dirty person [Sarroc swotoa ‘pig’]
¶süpa - n - cap [Ism. {sype} ‘hat’, from SIOPPA; cf. šapa; Ismaîn hats are small]
¶	com cuonán im süpan  intensifier for irritating, stubborn, or incongruous
¶sur - prep - on, onto [SUHER]
¶	sur sablín  on the beach
¶	sur pol  onto the floor
¶	sur banán Deštain  on the way to Deštai
¶	So ailuro e on sur mettan  The cat is on the table again
¶	Ilet cureceu sur letuen  Hold it against the wall
¶süra - n - mother-in-law [SINERA]
¶Suraliha - n - Cuzeian name [sualixue ‘sun’]
¶surbarúc - n - cover; blanket [‘rest on’]
¶surbordne - a - coastal [sur borden, ‘on the coast’]
¶surcont - n - marquis [‘above a count’]
¶surcot - n - top surface [‘on-side’]
¶surčelan - vi Ag - concentrate [sur čel, ‘onto a point’]
¶surdena - n - fact [‘on paper’]
¶surdosen - vt ø - take on, shoulder [‘on back’]
¶suri - n - mouse— very small omnivore, often lives in houses [SURIS]
¶suriluvan - vt - illuminate, enlighten [‘shine on’]
¶suriluve - n - illumination
¶surkest - n - class, genus, genre, overall category; nature of a class [‘above-kind’]
¶surmetan - vt ø - add; load up (an animal or wagon) [‘put on’]
¶	surmetan čina ad ošoran im umon  add a dish to the pile in the tub
¶surmeto - n - addition; loading
¶surnahisán - n - moon landing [cf. surpočen ‘land (on ground)’]
¶surnavír - adv - aboard [‘on ship’]
¶Suro - n - Cuzeian name [sūro ‘owl’]
¶süro - n - cheese; also a unit of weight, 100 hecurî, or 6.071 kg [*SUIRO, variant of SIURO]
¶surogonec - vt ø - fry [‘above fire’]
¶surorel - n - earring [‘on ear’]
¶surpočen - vi Ag - land, alight [‘onto ground’]
¶suroš - n - cover
¶surošan - vt - cover
¶surre - a - solitary [SULRES, from SUL ‘alone’]
¶surreca - n - solitude; monasticism
¶surselne - a - on a river [sur selen]
¶suršual - n - harness (for pulling a cart) [‘on horse’]
¶suryoni - n - puppy [*SURIONDIS ‘big mouse’]
¶suryi - n - forehead [‘above eyes’]
¶sus - n - earth, soil [SONSOS]
¶süs - n - hiss
¶Susana - n - Eleďe name [OV {Susanna}]
¶susaré - n - shop [Keb. {suťarei} ‘grocery’, from suťy ‘provide’]
¶süsec - vi Ag - hiss [imitative]
¶susluoma - n - potato (a recent import form Uytai) [‘earth apple’, probably influenced by Uytain lyum]
¶susoviso - n - geology
¶suspilavát - n - suffering, torment
¶suspilaven - vi Pt - suffer [‘ground-glance,’ suggesting one who is always looking at the ground]
¶	Arašó suspilavne?  Did he suffer much?
¶susrevolu - n - moss [‘earth beard’]
¶susuleta - n - terrace— stepped banks of earth on a hillside [‘earth step’]
¶susurk - n - stump (of a tree) [‘ground-log’]
¶susurkse - a - (slang) stumpy, shorty; (of animals, plants)  dwarf, undersized
¶	susurkse šual  pony
¶susvalitë - n - landslide [‘earth-collapse’]
¶sutam - n - a large gold coin of Kebri, Érenat, or Denisovič [Kebri Suiťum, a king’s name]
¶sutana - n - robe, gown [SUTANDA, from SUTEC ‘adorn’]
¶sutela - n - elm [SUTELLA]
¶suvan - vt - follow; succeed [SUBRAN]
¶	Et suvei?  Are you with me?
¶suvea - n - succession [SUBREIA]
¶suvizan - vt ø - stalk, pursue [SUBRINSAN, intensive of SUBRAN ‘follow’]
¶suy - none; not any; no; (grammar) neuter [SUIS]
¶	Řo appaknai suyece  I didn’t even come close
¶suynenë - a - scalene; odd, queer [‘none the same’]
¶suzán - n - memory; tradition [OV {sonzánd} ‘conscience’, from SONSANDOS ‘culture, mores’, augmentative of SONSOS ‘soil’] 
¶suzanäm - a - memorable, notable, remarkable [‘to be remembered’]
¶suzanen - vt ø - remember, commemorate, recall
¶	šesan suzanen  remind
¶	Šesmai suzanen Ihanon sfaom zië  I will remind Ihano of his duties
¶suzanil - a - traditional; commemorative; n  souvenir
¶suzanoš - n - memorial
¶suzir - vi Pt - sweat [SUDIR]
¶Svetla - n - Svetla river [SPETELA]
¶sy- - prep prefix - touching: derë ‘behind’ ≥ syderë ‘touching the back of’
¶syametát - n - electrical attraction; static electricity
¶syametan - vt ø - attract (electrically) [‘bring touching’]
¶syametec - a - electrically attractive; electric
¶sybütë - a - accurate, precise [‘touch-target’]
¶syel - n - sky; heaven [CILEL]
¶syelaun - n - moon, sun— astronomical object with visible disk [‘sky circle’]
¶syelčaska - n - meteor [‘sky spark’]
¶syele - a - celestial; lyric
¶syeleviso - n - astronomy
¶Syetnor - n - God of Wine [CILORION ‘lord of need’]
¶syetnorarda - n - impromptu festival for Syetnor; debauchery
¶sylelen - vt ø - allow  to happen, stand by watching [‘look up close at’]
¶	sylelen kekát  watch an assassination 
¶	Kiel sylelcelei tšuran so dom?  How could you just watch the house burn?
¶symetan - vt - juxtapose [‘put touching’]
¶	zet symetan  adjoin (+ dat.)
¶sytäven - vt - strike against [‘strike close’]
¶sytenec - vt ø - keep something back, hold back, retain, reserve, hold out [‘hold close’]
¶sytenul - n - reserve, reserves
¶	Tel Sytenul  Western Reserve
¶syuer - n - outside surface [‘touching-outside’]
¶syuerise - a - superficial
¶/Š
¶šacayna - n - television [Keb. {śadakaina} ‘far sight’]
¶šada - n - radio [Keb. {śadageira} ‘far sound’]
¶šadabél - (Er.) radar [Keb.]
¶šadan - vt ø - ride [SCADRAN]
¶šadatiel - n - radio station [‘radio point (on dial)’]
¶šadec - n - rider, messenger; a piece in ecunî
¶	šadecî  ‘the messengers’; that is, a commercial messenger service
¶	lažec pisá šadecië  receive a letter, i.e. from a private messenger
¶šaden - n - knight
¶šadoš - n - carriage
¶šadu - n - ride
¶šagát - n - emptiness [SCAGANTOS, from SCAGIS ‘empty’]
¶šagati - n - vagina [feminization of šagát]
¶šaidacu - n - (Avéle) concubine, mistress [Keb. {śaidagu}]
¶Šaidahami - n - Śaidahami [Keb.]
¶šalea - n - air; breath; draft of air; life; (Eleďe) the spirit [SCALEIA ‘breath’]
¶	im šalean  outdoors, outside
¶	Note: The gas names with šalea are also seen with scaleia ‘gas’; but the former are older and more common.
¶	šalea mičii  ammonia [‘air of urine’]
¶	šalea cipulátei  fixed air, carbon dioxide [‘air of effervescence’]
¶	živë šalea  oxygen [‘lively air’]
¶	fäsula šalea  nitrogen [‘remaining air’]
¶	šalea tšurei  hydrogen [‘air of fire’]
¶šalean - vt ø - breathe, blow; play (flutes etc.) [SCALEAN ‘breathe’]
¶šalečüta - n - barometer [‘air-scale’]
¶šaleme - a - intellectual; unwordly, ivory-tower [SCALESMES ‘airish’]
¶šalemora - n - intelligentsia: artists, scholars, clerics
¶šalëtyora - n - virtual reality [‘electric glasses’]
¶šaleza - n - fan [‘draft’ + -eza]
¶šama - n - bench [SCAMEA ‘bench, stool’]
¶šamalaďea - n - electronic music
¶šame - a - electric [<i>syametec</i>]
¶šamek - n - stool
¶šamerok - (Er.) neural net [Keb.]
¶šamurca - n - electromagnetism [‘electric-magnet’]
¶šana - n - district, one of the divisions of a fetöra  [SCANNA]
¶šana - n - (MV slang) the Web [abbr.]
¶šanáe - n - web page [‘electric place’]
¶šanayora - n - the Web [collective of <i>šanáe</i>]
¶šancädau - n - electromagic [Keb. {śamakaadau} ‘electric magic’]
¶šank - n - ham (pl. šanhi) [SCANȞ]
¶šansudava - n - submarine [Keb. {śensudavaȟ} ‘swim-machine’]
¶šant - n - song; melody, tune
¶šantan - vt ø - sing [SCANTAN ‘wail’]
¶šantec - n - singer
¶	šantecî  choir, chorus
¶šapa - n - hat [SIOPPA]
¶šapisá - n - e-mail [‘electric letter’] 
¶šapisadan - v - e-mail
¶šapom - n - hatter, hatmaker
¶šařan - n - blog [šařandën ‘electric diary’]
¶šari - n - weed; (colloq.) marijuana
¶šart - n - an age of the world in Mešaic and Endajué cosmology [Xur. {šaruc}]
¶šašendu - n - video game [‘electric game’]
¶šatabi - n - friendship (formal word) [SCATABIS]
¶šatametec - a - friendly [‘bringing friendship’]
¶šatašir - vt ø - to love as a friend
¶šatem - # - hundred [SECAŤIM, diminutive of SECAŤ ‘100’]
¶šati - n - liking [SCATABIS ‘friendship’]
¶šati - n - (MV slang) clothes, threads, outfit [Wesaitan]
¶šatir - vt - like
¶šaune - n - broth; esp. an Ismaîn soup with egg and bits of meat [Ism. {çałnea}, from {çałne} ‘hot’, from CALNES] 
¶šaute - n - hide, skin (of an animal); slang  hair [SCALTE]
¶šauteföy - n - sycamore [‘hide-leaf’, from the shape] 
¶šauten - vt ø - skin, remove an animal’s hide
¶šautom - n - skinner/tanner
¶šaynesa - n - appearance; (facial) expression
¶šaynir - vi Pt - appear, seem [SCANGIR]
¶	šaynece  seemingly, apparently
¶	Šayne ruže  It looks red
¶Šayu - n - a tributary of the Vesi, in Zeir [SCAHU]
¶šažy - a - empty, blank [SCAGIS]
¶Šcarea - n - a tributary of the Eärdur, in Curesi [Bar. <i>Shkare</i> 'axis', i.e. division between Eärdur and central Eretald]
¶šciso - n - tear, rip
¶šciir - vt ø - tear, rip something [imitative] 
¶	zet šciir  tear, rip 
¶šcono - n - (MV slang) boyfriend [’alongside’ + m.]
¶šcoye - n - (MV slang) girlfriend [’alongside’ = f.]
¶še - prep - at; as; being (in this sense takes nom.)
¶	še yëî dobrî  being of sound mind
¶	še dalun  as a king
¶	še dalu muë  being your king
¶	še retán  from afar
¶	še polne  being naked
¶	še řošrifulán  incognito
¶	še šrifec dy núnece šušme  knowing that he was about to die
¶	voitec še neronom  be accepted as a guild member
¶	Še dalun e mudray  As kings go he’s wise
¶	Še dalu e mudray  Because he is a king he’s wise
¶še - prefix - (Er., Xurnese System) 10^-6
¶šec - a - showing (a quality) (OV name element)
¶šecu - n - hulk
¶šedzy - a - (Avéle slang) crazy [Dh. {shedzits}]
¶šeíra - n - palace [SCEHIRA]
¶šekešan - adv - finally, at last, eventually [‘at the end’]
¶šekšek - n - cacao (tree or seeds); chocolate [from Yamda, a language of Téllinor]
¶	prak šekšekei  cocoa (powder)
¶šeli - n - grace, delicateness; (music) semitone [SIELIS]
¶šelise - a - graceful, delicate
¶šen - n invar - the 15th letter of the Verdurian alphabet, Š <tt>Í</tt>
¶	šen ismaë  Verdurian name for the ş used in Ismaîn <tt>©</tt>
¶Šena - n - Eleďe name [OV {Csena}]
¶šenan - vt ø - relax, rest; recede [SCENAN ‘recline’]
¶	šenan soi kruri  rest one’s legs
¶	Siča šenai  I’m resting
¶šeneo - n - relaxation, rest; détente
¶šëno - n - hinge, axis [SCERNO]
¶šendu - n - game [‘something to relax with’]
¶šenduom - n - player (of games)
¶šenso - n - (Er. slang) sailor [Keb.]
¶šepom - n - (MV slang) Eretaldan [Šɯk]
¶šeplatel - n - micropayment 
¶šerë - n - beer, a beverage made from fermented horže and flavored with peza oil [SCEREVES]
¶	ďula šerë  ale, a creamy, smooth-tasting, honey-colored beer
¶	flavë šerë  lager, a light German-style beer made with less peza 
¶	fužula šerë  bitter, a dark brown English-style beer 
¶	Len šerë lë er sen žöh esë  To each his own
¶šesan - vt - cause (often used to make other verbs transitive) [SCESAN]
¶	Kio šesne šušča lië?  What caused his death?
¶šeseo - n - cause [SCESEIO]
¶Šësimo - n - name of a star
¶ševa - n - ankle [SCEBRA]
¶ševesca - n - long stockings, hose, tights, men’s tight trousers [OV {šcevreska} ‘woman’s leggings’, from šcevra ‘ankle’]
¶ševeza - n - sock, short stocking [SCEBRENSA]
¶ševei - n - hair (one hair) [SCEVEIS]
¶šeya - n - neck [SCEIA]
¶šeyoš - n - collar
¶šežuven - vt - strangle [SCEIUBREN]
¶ši- - prefix - every [SCEHIS]
¶šida - n - (colloq.) dude; cool guy; fancy fellow; (MV slang) mark, victim, john
¶šinenát - n - monotony
¶šinenë - a - monotonous [‘all same’]
¶šini - n - (Er. slang) beauty, fox [Phitikan]
¶šipom - n - merman— furless, primate-like sea dwellers; very likely the animals most closely related to men, iliî, and other Almean intelligent species [SIIPOMOS, from Cuêzi {sīipomas} ‘sea-man’]
¶šircanca - n - loincloth, panty [‘around hip’]
¶šircaora - n - condition, situation
¶	še agolec soa šircaora  under the circumstances, as things are
¶šircoš - n - tire
¶šircau - prep - around, circling or going round; n  appositive; appositive marks, ‘parentheses’ <tt><></tt>
¶	šircaî carî  brackets
¶	šircaî bulsî  round brackets
¶	Prosnu šircau soan mažtanan  They walked around (circled) the town
¶	Metne soi brakin šircau taleam lië  He put his arms around her waist (or she his)
¶šircilura - n - bracelet [‘around wrist’]
¶šircšeya - n - necklace [‘around neck’]
¶širden - n - the second day of the week [OV ‘Išira’s day’]
¶širo - n - lieutenant [SCIRION ‘assistant’, probably from SCRAION ‘master of secrets’]
¶šišan - vt ø - shoot a bow
¶	šišan ven  shoot a deer
¶šišát - n - archery
¶šišec - n - archer; a piece in ecunî
¶Škagon - n - a First Age demon [SIOKAGOND, variant of SOKAIGOND, from Cuêzi {Soxāeco}]
¶škuaš - n - silliness
¶škuašy - a - silly
¶šm - honorific - Dr. [short for šriftom]
¶šnin - n - pin; (MV slang) needle; fix
¶šninan - vt - prick; (MV slang) inject drugs [synaesthetic]
¶šobosec - vt ø - pickle
¶	šobosul - pickled
¶šobóst - n - brine, salt water; (Er. slang) liquor [SIOBOSTOS, from Meť. {siobosto} ‘salt’ + ‘water’]
¶šofe - a - chief, main
¶šofkešnáe - n - (military) headquarters [‘chief camp’]
¶šofmažtana - n - capital [‘chief city’]
¶šofom - n - chief
¶šoh - n - duke [SCOȞOS]
¶šoha - n - duchess
¶šohy - n - duchy
¶šoliser - vi Pt - cost (price in nom.) [SCOLISER, from SCOLI ‘how much’]
¶	Šolise dechép ořulî  It costs seventeen gold pieces
¶	Kedimo šolise?  How much does it cost?
¶	Ifkio šolise  Whatever it costs
¶šomë - n - fur [SIOME]
¶šomulo - n - mammal
¶šön - a - handsome; pretty [SCOLN ‘robust’]
¶šoru - n - darkness; 10th month of the year [SCORU]
¶šoruan - a - dark; medieval
¶	soî šoruanî zonî  the Dark Years, the Caďinorian medieval era, Z.E. 2107-2943
¶šorucole - n - heretic, infidel, apostate [loan-translation of Cuêzi {usolucolê}; cf. {socole}]
¶šorudën - n - Good Friday [‘day of darkness’]
¶šou - n - cabbage [SCOHU]
¶šoužorta - n - cauliflower
¶šoz - n - thing; (slang) stuff [SCOSOS]
¶	Kio e šoz lë?  What’s the matter with you?
¶šrailoži - n - cipher [SCRAUIT LOGIT ‘secret words’]
¶šraizeni - n - code [SCRAUIT ZENNIT ‘secret signs’]
¶šray - n - (archaic) grammarye, magic [SCRAIS ‘secret’]
¶šrayom - n - wizard
¶šrayoma - n - witch
¶šrifec - vt ø - know, know how, savoir; be aware of [SCRIFEC]
¶	šrifec nuotan  know how to swim
¶	šrifec plesčura verdúrya  know Verdurian history
¶	Šrifcao dy so pretäro ya fäsre  I was aware that the valet has left
¶	Kiel šrifom kiom šrifom?  How do we know what we know?
¶	Zet šrifece  Let it be known
¶šrifsäšue - n - know-it-all, wiseacre [‘know-lots-ish’]
¶šrifta - n - knowledge, awareness, ability; academic or bookish knowledge; skill; acquaintance with a person (cf. otery) [SCRIFTA]
¶šriftanáe - n - university
¶	Šriftanáe i Verdúria  the University of Verduria
¶	soa Sfahe šriftanáei  standard Verdurian
¶šriftom - n - doctor, professor, holder of a scrifteca; wise man; (slang) doc, skilled person
¶šriftomora - n - faculty 
¶šritihse - a - discreet, private [‘knows quiet’]
¶šritihseca - n - discretion
¶šruma - n - pitch [SCRUMA] 
¶što - pron - something [OV {tišto, išto}, from ŤISIOS, remodelled to match {eto}]
¶šual - n - horse— large, fast rideable herbivore [Caizu {siwal}]
¶	dešen soi šuali  slow down, hold up
¶šualcot - n - cavalry [‘horse side’]
¶šualnáe - n - stable
¶šualnaom - n - stablemaster
¶šualom - n - centaur
¶šualsanno - n - mounted barbarian of the south or west [‘horse-lord’] 
¶-šue - suffix - weakening or disrespective (nominalizes as -šuesa)
¶šuča - n - pig— medium-size domesticated  omnivore, natural habitat being forests and riverbanks [SCUTUA]
¶	forte com šučan zëimalsen  very loud [‘like a seasick pig’]
¶	lereže com šučan salen  happy as a clam [‘like a dirty pig’]
¶šučmyaso - n - pork [‘pig meat’]
¶šueza - n - afternoon [SCUREIDA]
¶šulya - n - noodle [SCULGA]
¶šum - n - (MV slang) crime boss [god Šum]
¶šupoát - n - avarice
¶šupo - n - miser [SCUPO]
¶šupse - a - miserly [SCUPISES]
¶Šura - n - Skouras (m) [Tžuro {Šura}, from Old Skourene {Skouras}]
¶šurë - a - Skourene
¶	 bomë šurë  Old Skourene
¶šurilo - n - Skourene; i.e. ancient or modern inhabitants of Skouras proper, not the Ečendi
¶šuščan - vi Pt - die (irregular past root {šušd}-: e.g. {šušdei} ‘You died’; future {šušm}-)
¶šuščat - a - dead
¶	šuščat im nuvan  hung over
¶šušče - n - death [SCUSTILE, from SCUSTES ‘dead’]
¶šuščolotan - vt - mourn [‘death-feel’]
¶šuščolotë - n - mourning [‘death-feel’]
¶šušnáe - n - cemetary; (slang) ruin, abandoned place
¶Šustana - n - death; one of the Caďinorian pagan fates [SCUSTANDRA, related to SCUSTES ‘dead’]
¶	dëguran cum Šustanan  plough the sea, waste one’s time
¶	rëcen Šustana  lose one’s life, perish
¶šustanë - a - deadly, fatal; dangerous
¶šuten - vt ø - spill; (slang) ejaculate [SCUTEN ‘eat piggishly’]
¶	šuten soa caua  spill the coffee
¶	šuten sur žina  (obscene) to screw a girl
¶šutea - n - puddle [nom. of ‘spill’]
¶šutkrof - n - bloodshed [‘spill-blood’]
¶šuyan - vt ø - give head
¶/T
¶ta - pron - we [TA]
¶tabo -  n - lump [TAMBO]
¶tabosáše - a - (colloq.) pregnant [‘very lumpy’]
¶tabose - a - lumpy
¶taca - n - castanets, other clicking instruments [OV {tacan} ‘click, knock’; imitative]
¶tacil - n - sandal [OV, from the flopping noise they make]
¶tacta - n - (Er. slang) trouble, chaos [Phitikan ‘crap’]
¶Taďea - n - Eleďe name [OV {Ťaďďaia}]
¶Taďeo - n - Eleďe name [OV {Ťaďďaio}]
¶taë - pron - our
¶taëse - a - relating to the Taëse or eastern Ereláean race [taë  plus adjectival suffix]
¶taina - n - secret [ŤAHINES ‘left-handed’]
¶tainise - a - secret
¶tagia - n - clan, house, family, dynasty; descent; (taxonomy) class [reborrowing of TAGIA ‘dynasty’]
¶takna - n - battle [TAKENA]
¶taknoš - n - battalion
¶tal - adv - such; so; what a [TAL]
¶	Tal beluana!  What a beauty!
¶talát - n - degree, extent [‘suchness’]
¶taläte - n - museum [‘storage hall’; cf. etol]
¶taleo - n - waist [TALEIO]
¶tam - pron - us (acc.)
¶tan - pron - us (dat.)
¶tana - adv - indeed, truly [TAHANA ‘certainly’]
¶tánulac - n - zircon, zirconium silicate [Xur. {tanulak}, from Gurdagor {Ţanulak}, from early Čia {*xro laykuyk} ‘blood gem’]
¶tapë - n - drop (of liquid) [TAPROS]
¶tar - a - either (one), (in negative sentences) neither [TAR]
¶	tara matela  either chamberpot 
¶	Kî redelcen marian?  Tara et plere  Which woman to marry?  Either one pleases me
¶	Tar den řo sen e dobre  Neither day is good for me
¶tarde - a - late [TARDES ‘slow’]
¶tardeca - n - lateness
¶Tařasi - n - a demoness [TAKRASIS]
¶tas - n - bay [TASOS]
¶tasbres - n - bra [‘cup band’]
¶tasu - n - (Ct) hill, esp. a long low one [TASUR]
¶tasul - n - braid [shortening of testasul ‘woven’]
¶taš - n - cup [TASCOS]
¶tašiorta - n - tulip [‘cup-flower’]
¶tatatir - n - chatter, babble [imitative]
¶tau - n - the moral code [TAUOS, from Cuêzi {tāuas}]
¶tavana - n - (MV slang) smarts, gumtion [Wesaitan]
¶täven - vt ø - strike; forge [TAUBREN]
¶Taviďa - n - Eleďe name [OV Taviťa]
¶tayát - n - bravery
¶taye - a - brave [TAILES]
¶teb - n - rust [TAEBROS]
¶teba - n - bow (of ship) [ŤEIBA, from Meť.; cf. Keb. {ťiba}]
¶tecai - n - dagger; (slang) prick, penis [*TRENCAIS ‘cutter’; cf. tëcizen]
¶tëcizec - a - (slang) boring
¶tëcizen - vt ø - saw; (slang) be tedious or boring [*TRENCINSEN, intensive of *TRENCEN, variant of TRANCEN ‘cut’]
¶tecla - n - key (on musical instrument) [earlier tecula, ‘small hammer’, from TAECA ‘hammer’]
¶teclora - n - keyboard, keyboard instrument
¶tëcoš - n - saw [OV trencizoš; see tëcizen]
¶teč  - n - (Er., Xurnese System) basic unit of temperature .44 °C
¶tëdene - a - modern [OV tendëne ‘having the day’, i.e. still alive]
¶Teďora - n - Eleďe name [OV Ťeoďora]
¶Teďoro - n - Eleďe name [OV Ťeoďoro]
¶tefalu - n - (musical) horn [reborrowing of TEFALU, from Cuêzi; replaced OV teflu]
¶	tefalu bulse  round horn
¶teho - n - trunk (man or tree)  [TEIȞO]
¶teker - vi Ag - stand [TEKER]
¶tel - a, n - west [TEL]
¶Telarsanië - n - the land of the iliî in the Western Wild [TELLAR SANNOIE, from Cuêzi {Atêllār Namoē} ‘lovely-place of the lords’]
¶telcë - pron - elsewhere
¶telcë - n - otherworld (e.g. Earth, Akalmea)
¶tele - a - other
¶	cot telië  third person
¶	sam telen  by oneself, without help
¶teleo - n - instrument [ŤELEIO ‘invention’, from ŤELEN ‘devise’]
¶telise - a, n - relating to the Western language family, or to the ur-Western racial group, which also includes the Kagöt, Somoyi-Meťelyi, and Mgunikpe
¶tellea - n - quest
¶tellec - n - seeker; one seeking after knowledge; postulant
¶tellen - vt ø - seek [TELNEN]
¶Téllinor - n - Téllinor, a Verdurian colony in the far west of Ereláe [‘west-land’]
¶telnë - a - fine [TELNILES ‘worthy to be sought’]
¶telnëra - n - luxury, fine things [telnë + -ora]
¶teloro - n - instrument maker [ŤELORION ‘inventor’]
¶templeran - vt ø - enjoy [‘have pleasure’]
¶ten - n invar - an obsolete letter of the Caďinorian alphabet, Ť <tt>ˇ</tt> [ŤON]
¶tenec - vt - have; n  (grammar) the one possessing; genitive case; adj  genitive [TENEC]
¶	zet tenec  be self-possessed 
¶	zet tenec mese  be in a good or benevolent mood
¶tengintro - n - dynasty (usually used in plural) [‘sashholder’]
¶tenu - n - serf; pawn, exploited person [‘one held’]
¶tenuora - n - serfdom
¶teplene - a - complete [‘all full’]
¶teplenát - n - completion
¶ter - prefix - (Er., Xurnese System) 10^12
¶Terásia - n - Eleďe name [OV Ťerasia]
¶terato - n - miracle; wonderful act; interruption of natural law (mezinë) [Cuêzi {teratu} ‘miraculously’, abl. of teras ‘miracle’]
¶Teronél - n - Cuzeian name [Teronelo ‘miracle born]
¶Teroneli - n - Cuzeian name
¶teřemát - n - firmness, solidity, constancy
¶teřeme - a - firm, solid, constant [TEKRESMES ‘standing’]
¶teřua - n - stake, post [TEKRURA ‘solid thing’]
¶tësaďát - n - Caďinorian paganism [‘all the gods’]
¶tësán - # - (computer science) sixteen [‘all ones’]
¶tësane - a - hexadecimal
¶tëscaďin - a - relating to the Central cultures: Caďinas, Cayenas, Aránicer, etc.; pre-Imperial
¶tëscolir - vt ø - (math) multiply [‘gather all’]
¶	tëscolir sfutát ak diďan  multiply speed by time
¶tësculë - n - multiplication
¶tëse - a - all [TERSES]
¶	tësece  altogether, wholly
¶tësfáhe - n - discussion
¶tësfahen - vi Ag - discuss [eta tëse sfahen, ‘to speak about everything’]
¶	tësfahec eta šoî er dalî  discuss cabbages and kings
¶tësišan - vt ø - explore [‘search all’]
¶tësitál - adv - anyhow, going back to the subject at hand  [tësî talî ‘everything being such’]
¶tëslerise - a - attentive, fully engaged, rapt; vigilant [‘all perception’]
¶tesnát - n - narrowness
¶tesny - a - narrow; slender, elegantly thin [TECNIS]
¶tëspitir - vi Ag - carouse, revel [‘drink all’]
¶tëspler - n - orgy [‘all pleasure’]
¶tësprenan - vt - eliminate, exterminate [‘remove all’]
¶testasan - vt ø - weave [imitative]
¶testasát - n - (art of) weaving
¶testasom - n - weaver
¶testasoš - n - loom
¶tëťo - n - (Er. slang) breast [Sarroc]
¶tësvuáë - a - unanimous [‘all voices’]
¶teša - n - mess, pile, disorder; stuff [TESCA ‘pile, heap’]
¶teše - a - disordered, messy
¶tëšrife - a - familiar [‘all know’]
¶tet - n - nipple [TEŤOS ‘tip’]
¶tetáš - n - the nipple and the surrounding area; aureole
¶težec - vt ø - lick [TECTEC]
¶težktüec - vt ø - give head [‘lick and suck’]
¶težraša - n - oral sex [‘licking sex’]
¶težrašir - vt ø - have oral sex with
¶ti- - prefix - some [generalized from ŤIKEDA ‘sometime’, ŤISIOS ‘something’, etc.]
¶tibäm - a - urgent, emergency [‘to be rushed’]
¶tibec - vi Ag - rush, hurry [ŤIBEC]
¶	šesan tibec  hurry someone, expedite
¶tibeo - n - rush, hurry
¶tibri - n - sorrow, grief, anguish [reborrowing of TIBRIS ‘pain’]
¶tibrir - vi Pt - grieve (eta)
¶ticairon - pron - sometime, at least once [‘some opportunity’]
¶ticë - pron - somewhere [ŤIKEDIE]
¶tičure - a - merry, melodic, happy, energetic, lively [ŤITURES ‘silly’]
¶tiel - n - (mathematics) point [reborrowing of TIEL]
¶tidimo -pron - somewhat [‘some amount’]
¶tihiát - n - quietness 
¶tihy - a - quiet, tranquil [ŤIȞIS]
¶tilelë - n - glimpse, glance
¶tilelen - vt - glimpse, glance at [‘somewhat see’]
¶tilka - n - chick, girl, babe [OV f. diminutive, ‘quiet one’]
¶timelát - n - gentleness
¶timely - a - gentle, considerate [ŤIMELIS ‘refined’]
¶	timely muatëra  the gentle sex
¶Timeo - n - Eleďe name [OV {Timeo}]
¶Timoďea - n - Eleďe name [OV {Timoťea}]
¶Timoďeo - n - Eleďe name [OV {Timoťeo}]
¶tiplok - n - hobbyhorse [OV diminutive of TIPEL ‘horse’]
¶tiplüba - n - wig [TIPELEI IUBA ‘horse’s mane’]
¶tire - a - purple [*ŤISRES, having to do with the ŤISOS or bulsrava, a type of shellfish used to manufacture a purple dye]
¶tirura - n - lilac— plant with large bluish flowers
¶tíršue - a - purplish
¶Tisati - n - Cuzeian name [tisāti ‘spray’]
¶tisirát - n - wit, cleverness
¶tisire - a - witty, clever [reborrowing of TISRES ‘witty’, from TISIS ‘sharp’]
¶tisirotá - n - witticism
¶Tito - n - Eleďe name [OV {Tito}]
¶tižai - n - whisker [*TICTAIS ‘tickler’, from TICTEN ‘tickle’]
¶tižapaž - n - catfish— river-dwelling scavenger, with ‘whiskers’ [‘whisker-fish’]
¶tižuy - pron - somehow [‘some way’]
¶tobban - n - tunnel [‘mole-way’]
¶toc - n - bounce; (slang) sex, a roll in the hay [imitative]
¶tocan - vi Ag - bounce; (slang) have sex
¶toh - n invar - the 18th letter of the Verdurian alphabet, T <tt>T</tt> [TEN, altered first to *TON to contrast with ŤEN, and then to toh more closely parallel dah]
¶Tolerei - n - goddess of invention and perversity [ŤELOREIS]
¶	druk Tolereë  kinkster, pervert
¶tom - n - thump; by extension, beat, rhythm, pulse [TOM; imitative]
¶tom - n - book, volume [TOUMOS ‘slot’]
¶Tomao - n - Eleďe name [OV {Ťoma}]
¶tombec - n - (typography) backslash
¶tombir - vi Ag - fall; (vt) drop [TOMBIR, probably from TOM ‘sound of falling’]
¶	tombir ak šualcot  charge against the cavalry
¶tombo - n - fall, drop
¶	pegeo tombei  gravity
¶	So tombo Abolineronië  The fall of the Abolinerons
¶tompë - n - drummer; woodpecker; (MV slang) awesome, cool
¶tompec - vt ø - beat out a rhythm, drum; (slang) hit, beat [TOMPEC; see tom]
¶tompom - n - drum 
¶tomprosan - vi Ag - march [‘beat-walk’]
¶tomproseo - n - march
¶ton - n - rice [TONOS]
¶top - n - mole— small, strong, earth-burrowing omnivore [TOPOS]
¶tor - n - part, piece; share; section [ŤUOR]
¶	tor logei  syllable
¶	tor nažei  king’s share of agricultural yield
¶toranda - n - fountain [reborrowing of late Caď. TÔRANDA, from TUORAN ‘flow’] 
¶torensa - n - blood vessel [reborrowing of TUORENSA ‘pipe, conduit’, from TUORAN ‘flow’]
¶	torensa flavë  lymphatic vessel
¶	torensa faliöla  artery
¶	torensa fužula  vein
¶torensula - n - duct; small tube in the body [dim. of torensa]
¶	torensula mičii  urethra
¶	torensula gule  bile duct
¶torin - adv - apart, into pieces
¶torne - a - mild, gentle, unforced, easy [ŤUORNES ‘partial’]
¶torom - n - member; component
¶tos - n - dew; condensate [TOSOS]
¶tosceio - n - orgasm [reborrowing of TOSCEIO ‘satisfaction’]
¶toše - a - warm [TOSCES ‘enough’; i.e. warm enough]
¶tošeca - n - warmth
¶tošen - vi Pt - suffice, satisfy [TOSCEN]
¶	Ďunî činî et tošmu  Two plates will be enough for me
¶tošeo - n - satisfaction, sufficiency, fulfillment [TOSCEIO]
¶toššeya - n - scarf [‘warm neck’]
¶tošte - a - sufficient, satisfactory
¶tošuvec - n - supplier
¶tošuven - vt ø - supply, furnish, equip [TOSCUBREN ‘make sufficient’]
¶	tošuven šapem soán daluin  supply hats to the king
¶tot - pron - that one [TOTOS]
¶totogan - vt ø - tickle [babytalk for trogan ‘touch’]
¶tra - prep - across, over, on the other side of [TRAS]
¶	Felce tra zëim  He sailed over the sea
¶	E nun tra zëin  He’s now over the sea
¶traborden - vi Ag - embark, disembark [‘cross the rim’]
¶tracca - n - cart [from TRACTEN ‘drag’]
¶	griman soa tracca  toil, earn your daily bread
¶trädan - vi Ag - graze [TRAUDAN]
¶traesa - n - betrayal, treachery
¶	traesa nažán  treason
¶trafil - n - weft [TRASFIL]
¶traforhan - vt - overhang [‘hang over’]
¶trafse - a - grassy 
¶trair - vt - betray [TRAHIR ‘cross over’]
¶trayec - n - traitor
¶tralirec - vi Pt - endure, survive, last; vt  outlast [‘live beyond’]
¶	tralirë  lasting, durable; survivor
¶	maris tralirë  widower
¶	cira tralira  widow
¶tramëžen - vi Ag - dive [‘sink beyond’]
¶trancöre - n - divorce
¶trancören - vi Ag - divorce [‘cut heart’]
¶	Piro esë trancörne až miran  My father divorced my mother
¶trane - n - cut
¶trancát - n - surgery (art or act), operation [reborrowing of TRANCEN ‘cut’]
¶trancom - n - surgeon
¶tranel - n - slice; segment, division; act (in a play)
¶	tranel boumyasei  steak
¶tränélo - n - longitude, meridian [‘cross-ring’]
¶	daluy tränélo  prime meridian— to Verdurians, the longitude of Verduria-city
¶tranen - vt - cut [TRANCEN]
¶träno - n - sine, sine wave [parallel to coano]
¶tranoš - n - knife
¶tranul - n - tabloid; broadsheet cut in two
¶tras - prep - beyond [reborrowing of TRAS ‘across, beyond’]
¶	tras lačeon  beyond the call of duty
¶trasfahe - n - exaggeration
¶trasfahen - vi Ag - exaggerate [‘speak beyond’]
¶trastošen - vi Ag - excel; vt  outdo, surpass, better [‘suffice beyond’]
¶trastošte - a - excellent
¶trava - n - grass [TRAVA]
¶travët - n - crime [OV, from colloquial TRABREN ‘go too far’, from TRAS ‘over, beyond]
¶travëtom - n - criminal
¶travom - n - greenskeeper
¶tražen - vt - drag [TRACTEN]
¶trec - n - celery [TERECOS]
¶tref - n - clover; (cards) club [TREPLOS]
¶treka - n - turtle— slow, shelled, land-dwelling reptile [OV diminutive {trenka}, from TRENA]
¶trendre - a - stubborn, obstinate [TRENRES ‘turtlish’]
¶tričec - vt ø - poke; (slang) lay, screw, have sex with
¶tričešuča - n - (slang) swordsman [‘pig-poker’]
¶tričo - n - poking; (slang) nookie-nookie, sex
¶tro - adv - too much
¶trocrusan - vi Ag - strain [‘stretch too much’]
¶trocruseo - n - strain
¶tročor - n - overflow
¶tročoran - vi Pt - overflow [‘flow too much’]
¶trodan - vt ø - waste, spend extravagantly (conjugated like dan) [‘spend too much’]
¶trodonec - a - spendthrift, extravagant
¶trodoni - n - spendthriftiness
¶trogan - vt ø - touch; (colloq. or MV) affect, interest [TROGAN]
¶	zet trogan  masturbate
¶	Řo sen troge  I don’t care  
¶trogulo - n - touch
¶trolädan - vt - violate [‘go too far’]
¶trolädeca - n - violation 
¶trometul - a - superfluous, extra, spare [‘too much put on’]
¶tromeyá - n - illusion [‘fool-eye’]
¶tromir - vt ø - fool, trick [TROMIR]
¶	tromec tšur  will o’ the wisp
¶	zet tromir  be in error, make a mistake
¶trouäm - n - unknown, x (in mathematics)
¶tróuen - vt - find [TROHEN]
¶	zet tróuen  be situated
¶troz - n - ax [TRONS]
¶Trufena - n - Eleďe name [OV {Trufaina}]
¶trunë - n - swarm, turmoil
¶trunir - vi Ag - swarm, roil [TRUNDRIR ‘move confusedly’]
¶truzia - n - havoc, disorder; skirmishing
¶truzec - n - skirmisher
¶truzer - vt ø - confuse, disorder, cause havoc; skirmish [TRUNDISER ‘cause to move confusedly’]
¶truža - n - sow [TROIA]
¶tsep - n - chain [dialectal variation of cep, from CAEPOS]
¶tsesi - n - sugar; sugarcane [Nanese tsêsi ‘reeds, sugarcane’, a Nanese export]
¶	tsesi asënei  maple sugar
¶	tsesi Nanei  sugarcane, as opposed to maple sugar
¶tsesikare - n - biofuel (3500s) [‘sugarcane oil’]
¶tsesse - a - sugary, sweet
¶tsesul - n - candy (largely superseded by čeču) [dim. of tsesi] 
¶tsísia - n - diamond
¶tsisir - vi Pt - glitter, glimmer [synaesthetic]
¶tšur - n - fire [TUROS ‘ember, source of fire’, from TURAN ‘burn’]
¶tšuran - vt/vi Pt - burn [TURAN]
¶	tšurec  on fire
¶	dan tšuran  set on fire
¶	Mifnei tšuran soán huyonán!  You burned the chicken!
¶tšurglaza - n - torch [‘fire glaza’]
¶tšurprak - n - lime, calcium oxide [‘burning powder’]
¶tšurulen - vt/vi Pt - scorch
¶tu - pron - one, (formal) you [TU ‘he, she, it’]
¶tü - pron - one, your (acc.; archaic except for format 'you')
¶tuana - n - fine cuisine [TUANA ‘pot’]
¶tucet - n - pox [reborrowing of TUCET ‘spots’]
¶tuďir - vi Ag - lisp [ŤUŤUIR]
¶tuďotá - n - lisp
¶tuë - pron - one’s
¶tugeca - n - arthritis [reborrowing of TUGECA ‘stiffness’]
¶Tuhico - n - Eleďe name [OV {Tuhico}]
¶Tuhon - n - Eleďe name [OV {Tuȟon}]
¶tuli - n - breeze [ŤULIS]
¶tun - pron - one (dat.)
¶türvo - n - (Avéle) grocer [Ism. {tŕyveu} ‘trader’]
¶tusel - n - splinter, fragment [ŤONCEL ‘broken-off piece’, from ŤONCAN ‘crash’]
¶tutan - a - daily, everyday, quotidian [OV {tontand}, augmentative of ŤONTES ‘ordinary’]
¶tutanél - n - newspaper, magazine
¶tutfascea - n - routine [‘daily-doings’]
¶tutua - n - parrot, toucan— colorful, fruit-eating tropical bird [Rafsani tua-tua]
¶tuyec - vi Ag - smoke (a pipe)
¶tuyo - n - pipe [Keb. {tyau} ‘round thing’]
¶tuyora - n - (musical instrument) organ [’tube collection’]
¶tuyošari - n - tobacco [‘pipe-weed’]
¶tuyošariom - n - tobacconist
¶tve- - prefix - three (combination form)
¶tvedec - # - thirty [TMEDECT]
¶tvere - a - third [TMERES]
¶tveremora - n - galleon, trireme: a heavy oceangoing ship [TMEREMORA; cf. REMORA]
¶tveron - n - trillion [{tvere}- + Caď. augmentative -OND]
¶tyelio - n - (physics) particle [{tiel} ‘point’ + Flaidish dim.]
¶tyurma - n - prison
¶tyurmen - vt - imprison
¶tyurmul - n - prisoner
¶/Ť
¶ťiot - n - (Er. slang) idiot [Sarroc]
¶/U
¶u - prep - by, in, close to; chez [OV ‘among, chez’]
¶	u prošen hepdënán  for next week
¶	u susaren  at the store
¶	u Svetlan  on the Svetla
¶	Řo esam u šeren  We need beer
¶	Ihano žanne u Rahela  John went over to Rachel’s
¶	So troz e u mun  The ax is by you
¶	Prenanei, e u len  Take it, it’s right next to you, in your reach
¶	Soa celë fue u Kebrin  The river was under the hand of Kebri
¶	Soa miďë e u ceďnaren  The party is for Ceďnare 
¶ü - n invar - the first letter of the Verdurian alphabet, U <tt>U</tt> [IU]
¶	ü breve  Verdurian name for the W <tt>W</tt> used in Caizu
¶uazo - n - bird [URADUS]
¶uazora - n - flock
¶ubir - n - vampire [Flaidish {ʔubeer}— the monster is described in Flaidish folk tales]
¶ublian - vt ø - forget [OBLITAN]
¶	ublian mira zië  fall in love; or go astray
¶	ublian soa lukona  gape (mouth open)
¶ubliesa - n - forgetfulness
¶Ubordë - n - the littoral, esp. that near Verduria; (esp. Erenei) Eretaldan
¶	Ubreza Ubordëi  Littoral League
¶uborden - adv - ashore [‘at the shore’]
¶ubreza - n - shelter; refuge [late Caď. *HOMRENSA ‘place of shade’]
¶ubrezir - vt ø - shelter
¶ucana - n - ranch [ONCANDA ‘range for herds’]
¶ucleta - n - (Er. slang) boss [Sarroc ‘chief’]
¶uco - n - herd [ONCO]
¶ucöm - n - herdsman; (slang) lookout, scout
¶ucörte - a - precious; dear, darling [‘close to the heart’]
¶Udan - n - Uytai [Tžuro {Udan}, ultimately from Uyseʔ {Uytai} ‘ancestor-land’]
¶udanise - a, n - Uytainese
¶uem - n - heart [UEMBOS ‘lump,’ slang for ‘heart’]
¶uer - n - exterior, outsides [reborrowing of HUER]
¶uerise - a - external, exterior
¶uesa - n - ceremony, rite [UREICA ‘act of worship’, from URIS ‘worship’]
¶uesil - a - ceremonial, ritual
¶uestu - n - man [URESTU]
¶uestuoš - n - homunculus, golem, android [‘man-thing’]
¶uets - n - (MV slang) nerd, geek [Xur. {wec}]
¶ufëa - n - face [originally a slang term; from Nanese ufaya]
¶uhu - n - hoot [imitative]
¶uhuan - vi Ag - hoot
¶ukeša - n - hesitation
¶ukešen - vi Ag - hesitate [‘stop near’]
¶ukler - vt ø - prove
¶uklo - n - proof [OV {urkul, urkulo} ‘proof’, diminutive of {urek} ‘lesson’]
¶ül - a - ancient; classical [UIL ‘old, former’]
¶	de ülán  long ago 
¶üla - n - upper case [znakora üla ‘ancient alphabet’]
¶ulaca - n - (Er. slang) old lady [Sarroc ‘ancient’]
¶ulädeca - n - correspondence
¶	cum ulädecan  respectively
¶ulädan - vi Pt - correspond to, match up
¶ulädec - corresponding, respective
¶	Sfahenei soin redelcen er ulädecin marisin  Speak to the women and to the husband of each one
¶ulasen - vi Pt - may, might (possibility) [*ONLACEN ‘dwell near’, i.e. become likely]
¶ülciye - a - (esp. Er.) ancient, Caďinorian 
¶ulëc - n - brother-in-law [ULGEC]
¶ulëca - n - sister-in-law 
¶uleta - n - step; stage of development; section of a proof [ULETA]
¶ulečea - n - evolution, development [ULETREIA]
¶ulečen - vi Pt - evolve, develop [ULETREN ‘climb stairs’]
¶	Altuát ulase ulečen de řisatán  Tyranny may develop out of freedom
¶ulelen - vt ø - perceive, sense; notice [‘see by’]
¶	řo ulelan ďun iy ďin  be sick or bleary (so as not to see well)
¶uleleë - n - sense, perception
¶ulën - n - underline; emphasis [‘near line’]
¶ulënan - vt - underline; emphasize
¶uletora - n - staircase
¶	uletora zetbežë  elevator
¶ulgaš - n - chaos; name of a demon [UILGOS, Munkhâshi Ulgâsh, a god, ‘proud-lord’]
¶ulgaše - a - chaotic
¶ülivro - n - classic (book) [‘ancient book’]
¶ülom - n - old-timer, old man 
¶ülor - a, n - senior, older; older brother; veteran, elder [UILOR ‘older’]
¶umbra - n - shadow [HOMRA]
¶umizo - n - metaphor; figure of speech, idiom [‘near-speak’]
¶umizete - a - metaphorical, figurative, non-literal, idiomatic
¶umo - n - tub, tank; sink, basin [HUMO]
¶unë - n - fingernail [UNGE]
¶undáš - n - claw
¶unesát - n - midwifery [’next to birth’]
¶unesoma - n - midwife
¶unse - a - cloying, sentimental, schmaltzy [reborrowing of UNSES]
¶unseca - n - sentimentality, cloying sweetness, bathos
¶unyaga - n - hoof; (colloq.) foot [UNGENAGA]
¶uol - n - ox [UHOL]
¶uom - n - (legal, archaic) party, individual [OV ‘person’; see -om]
¶ur - n - clay; earth, as primary element [HUROS]
¶	siča faitan ur  be done for, lay dying
¶uran - n - birch— white-barked temperate tree
¶urave - adv - please [OV {ut ravre} ‘may it please’; see {ravir}]
¶urë - adv - then, therefore, hence [OV {on rihilen} ‘at a glance’]
¶urek - n - lesson; a class, lecture [UREȞ]
¶urete -  - down to earth, practical [‘made of clay’]
¶Urez - n - Cuzeian name [urezos ‘bear’]
¶Uricira - n - Goddess of Light (1st Age mythology) [URIKIRA ‘worshipped lady’]
¶uris - n - worship [reborrowing of URIS]
¶	atrabise uris  the religion of Caďinas and its descendants
¶	so ül uris  traditional worship, paganism, “old-time religion”
¶Urisama - n - Cuzeian name [Urisāma]
¶urisan - vt ø - worship
¶urise - a - mortal, fallible; (taxonomy) hominid  [HURISES ‘made of clay’]
¶uriseviso - n - anthropology, study of hominids (humans, flaids, elcari/múrtani)
¶urk - n - log; (slang) penis [URKOS]
¶urokúšue - a - labored, strained 
¶urokec - n - maker, forger, creator
¶urok - n - work
¶urokeša - n - end; burial; fulfillment; execution; conclusion
¶urokešen - vt ø - finish, conclude; fulfill a duty, discharge a debt; execute, put to death [‘stop working’]
¶urokešnáe - n - grave, tomb [‘end-place’]
¶urokir - vt ø - work, make, fashion [UROKER]
¶Uronei - n - the patron god of the ilii, in Caďinorian paganism [URONES]
¶uroš - n - paste [‘clay-stuff’]
¶urs - bear— large, dangerous omnivore [URSOS]
¶urulan - vi  slink [HURULAN ‘vandalize’]
¶urulec - n - footpad; sneak
¶urze - a - strange [earlier úrzure, from Ism. {ŕuȥŕe}, from {Ŕuȥŕ} ‘Eärdur’; people from the Eärdur seemed odd to the people of the littoral]
¶urzetiel - n - black hole [‘strange point’]
¶uřanel - n - limitation, restriction, restraint
¶Uřädec - n - God of Trade [URICELLAUDEC]
¶uřaner - vt ø - limit, restrict [‘keep near’]
¶Useže - n - Cuzeian name [Usēge ‘pheasant’]
¶usiro - n - uciro– herb used in Cuzeian times as a contraceptive [Cuêzi {uciro}]
¶usote - n - spread, propagation, diffusion
¶usoter - vi Pt - spread, propagate, diffuse [‘jump to’]
¶usuku - n - jester, (Ct) clown [Bar. {osôku} ‘comic; unlucky bugger’, ultimately from Cuêzi {osolcê} ‘have sex with’]
¶ušic - n - yell
¶ušican - vi Ag - yell [HUSCICAN]
¶ušiclebi - n - town crier [‘yell-news’]
¶ut - adv - if only [UT]
¶utekec - n - hanger-on, satellite, one of an entourage 
¶uteker - vi Pt - hang out, hang around [‘stand by’]
¶utenë - a - under arrest, detained
¶utenec - vt - detain, arrest [‘have nearby’]
¶uteno - n - detention, arrest
¶uter - vt ø - refine, purify (metals, sugar) [ONOTER]
¶utro - n - morning [ONTERO]
¶	Sannei Utrei  morning star, i.e. Išira
¶utrošeli - n - morning glory— flowers that close in the full heat of day [‘morning grace’]
¶utul - a - refined, pure; refined metal, esp. steel 
¶uverälávec - washing machine [‘clothes-washer’]  
¶uverát - n - tailoring; fashion
¶	ak uveratán  unfashionable
¶	co uveratán  fashionable
¶uverë - n - clothing, clothes, costume; (archaic) fashion [Cuêzi {uverē} ‘clothes’]
¶	uverë domei  livery, servant’s uniform
¶	uverë falařë  military uniform
¶	Šatu uverä lë  I like your clothes
¶uverom - n - tailor
¶üvéza - n - mansion, manor house [AIUBRENSA ‘country house’; see ažuven] 
¶uvir - vt - open something [UBRIR]
¶	zet uvir  open (intr.), be opened
¶uy - interj - oh— expression of unsurprise or reinforcement
¶uya - n - sprite [Viminian dialect; from Caizu {luya}, related to Cuêzi {landāua} ‘spirit’]
¶užes - n - (music) seventh, seven-note heptatonic interval [‘near home’]
¶	embre desi  minor seventh
¶	egre desi  major seventh
¶uzina - n - a sweet white wine produced on the Verdurian plain [OV ‘sweetheart’, from UNSES ‘sweet, cloying’ + fem. -ina]
¶užal - n - jar [UCTAL]
¶/V
¶vacre - n - altar [VACURES ‘most holy part of a vacus, a holy place’]
¶vacuran - n - Caďinorian pagan priest, just below a perař or patriarch [VACURION, one in charge of a VACUS ‘holy place’]
¶vača - n - (Er. slang) gay man [Keb.]
¶vaďra - n - delicacy (OV name element) [VAĎORA]
¶vagiel - n - scar [reborrowing of VAGIEL; cf. važir]
¶vagir - vi Ag - wander [Gelyet vagžia ‘trek’, from proto-Eastern *bektir; cf. bežir]
¶	vagec  nomadic, wandering; (MV slang) homeless
¶vaglädec - n - pilgrim [VACULAUDEC ‘shrine-goer’]
¶vaglädeca - n - pilgrimage
¶valát - n - value, worth, merit
¶valer - vi Pt - be worth, merit; vt  compare [southern dialectal variant of vauter]
¶valt - n - fall, tumble
¶valtec - n - comparative [reborrowing of VALTEC ‘evaluating’]
¶valitan - vi Pt - tumble, fall, be knocked down; collapse; (slang) go to bed, be stunned; (Ct slang) fuck, screw
¶valitë - n - tumble, collapse
¶vanan - vi Ag - align, side with [VANAN]
¶	vanul  aligned, partisan; biased
¶	zet vanan  take sides
¶	Vanai cum soán dalun, miyirece  I side with the King, of course
¶vánë - n - cheek; (MV slang) face [VANGE]
¶vanesa - n - alignment, side; bias
¶Varďola - n - Eleďe name [OV {Varťolomaio}]
¶Varďolo - n - Eleďe name [OV {Varťolomaio}]
¶väreca - n - danger
¶väreme - a - dangerous [OV {vaaresme} ‘perilous’, from VAURES ‘dangerous’]
¶Varnava - n - Eleďe name [OV {Varnava}]
¶Varvara - n - Eleďe name [OV {Varvara}]
¶Vasëa - n - Eleďe name [OV {Vasileia}]
¶Vasëo - n - Eleďe name [OV {Vasileio}]
¶vauter - vt/vi Pt - be worth, merit; compare with [VALTER]
¶	An mecin vaute ďunî ořulî  One meckin is worth two (Verdurian) ořulî
¶	Vauteu malezem ad motin  You’re comparing apples (acc.) and oranges (dat.)— literally, hammers and sheep
¶	Řo vaute ilet tróuen  It’s not worth it finding him
¶važi - n - hurt, wound
¶važir - vt - hurt, wound [VAGIR]
¶Veači - n - Eleďe name [OV {Veatriksa}]
¶veaďa - n - charity, love, agapē  [VEHAŤA]
¶veaďen - vt ø - love
¶vëčer - n - evening [VIETROS] 
¶	Sannei Vëčerei  evening star— i.e. Išira
¶večia - n - disgust, repulsion
¶večir - vt ø - disgust, repel
¶veče - a - disgusting, filthy, foul [VETRES, from VETTER ‘befoul’]
¶večora - n - rabble, mob, the great unwashed
¶večore - n - filthy commoner, one of the večora
¶velašia - elopement
¶velašir - vi Ag - elope; vt abscond with a woman [Ism. {velaçr}, from VELEN ‘steal’]
¶velen - vt ø - steal [VELEN]
¶velgintro - n - usurpation [‘steal-sash’]
¶velgintroec - n - usurper
¶ven - n - deer— medium-size, fleet herbivore, related to gudun [VEHEND]
¶Venamin - n - Eleďe name [OV {Veniamin}]
¶vencec - a - victorious, triumphant
¶venceo - n - victory, conquest
¶vencir - vt ø - conquer [reborrowing of VENCIR]
¶venenir - vt ø - poison
¶veneno - n - poison [VEMENO]
¶Vënica - n - Eleďe name [OV {Vernice}]
¶venmyaso - n - venison [‘deer-meat’]
¶ventra - n - belly [VENERA ‘bulge’]
¶verae - n - a unit of volume, 4 cuyoi, 2.7 fl. oz.; a small wine or liqueur glass [OV {veraile}, from VERRA ‘sip, draft’]
¶verat - n - boar (pl. veraďi) [VERAŤOS]
¶verde - a - green [VEREDES]
¶	leta verdë  gold-plated copper: the plating erodes and the copper discolors
¶	soa verde er cistila  the Verdurian flag [‘the green and crown’]
¶Verdë - n - a tributary of the Eärdur, in Mútkün, the Ferêkeler [‘green (river)’]
¶verdíšue - a - greenish
¶verdúran - a - deep green
¶Verdúria - n - Verduria [late Caďinor VEREDURIA, named after the Etald Verdúran, the Green Plain; the earlier name was ARENICA]
¶	Verdúria-mažtana  Verduria city
¶verdúry - a, n - Verdurian
¶Verena - n - Eleďe name [OV {Verena}]
¶Vereon - n - Enäron’s messenger [VEREION]
¶vereon - n - secretary, office manager
¶Vesi - n - a tributary of the Serea [VAECIS, from Meť. {vaiki} ‘blue’]
¶Vësi - n - Išira’s maid [VERIŤIS]
¶vësišari - n - an herb with some effect lessening depression [’Vësi’s weed’]
¶vetát - n - pollution
¶veteme - a - nasty, dirty, smelly [VETESMES ‘tending to be filthy’]
¶veter - vt ø - pollute, befoul [VETTER]
¶vetra - adv - yesterday; (slang) up front, right away [OV {vyetera} ‘in the evening’]
¶vetse - a - repellent, unattractive
¶veturan - vi Ag - travel [VEŤURAN]
¶veturea - n - trip, voyage; tour [VEŤUREIA]
¶vežaen - vi Ag - run; gallop [OV {bežanen}, augmentative of {bežir} ‘move’]
¶	vežaen tornece  canter
¶vežë - n - sap; (MV slang) alcoholic drink
¶veži - n - plant [VEGIS]
¶vežicrežé - n - vegetarian [‘plant-eat’]
¶vežikare - n - biofuel [‘plant oil’]
¶veživiso - n - botany [‘study of plants’]
¶vi - n - (music) abbr. for Vlerë, note 2
¶viďra - n - iris— plant with bright leaf-like flowers [VIŤORA, from southern Meť. {viťora}]
¶vifmitáe - n - tavern [alteration, imitating slurred speech, of vimpitnáe ‘place for drinking wine’]
¶vili - n - pitchfork [VILLIS]
¶vilka - n - table fork [OV diminutive of ‘pitchfork’]
¶vimbeh - n - alcohol [OV compound from BAEȞ VINEI ‘essence of wine’]
¶vimin - a, n - Viminian; (slang) idiot
¶	truzul com viminán im ivrosäten  very confused [like a Viminian in a library]
¶vin - n - wine [VINOS]
¶vincole - n - wine-loving; drunkard
¶vinembre - n - vinegar [‘bitter wine’]
¶vinom - n - winegrower
¶vinte - n - screw
¶vinten - vt ø - screw
¶vintoš - n - screwdriver
¶vintošuvec - n - vintner, wine-seller [‘wine furnisher’]
¶vinzihe - n - grape [‘wine-berry’]
¶viond - n - mandolin, lute– hifalutin name for vyon [reborrowing of VIONDOS]
¶	viond sëte  viola
¶	viond nizze  cello
¶virny - a - loyal [VIRNIS]
¶virnyát - n - loyalty
¶Visánavo - n - Cuzeian name [vissanavas ‘knowledge’]
¶visanocole - a - scientific, scholarly, academic
¶visanir - vt ø - study
¶visano - n - study [Cuêzi {vissanavas} ‘knowledge,’ from {vissē} ‘know’]
¶visanom - n - scientist, serious scholar; expert; -ologist
¶visanora - n - science, knowledge
¶-viso - suffix - -ology
¶viša - n - cherry [VISIA]
¶vižiát - n - wait; expectation
¶vižien - vi Pt - wait; vt  wait for; expect [VIGILEN]
¶	Vižiai dy e nasitsë  She’s likely to be pregnant 
¶vižul - a - ordinary, expected, familiar
¶vlagen - vt ø - sheathe [Naviu {vlagaŋ}]
¶vlagiše - n - sheath; vagina
¶vlay - n - uncle [VELAIS]
¶vlaya - n - aunt [VELAIA]
¶Vlerë - n - Goddess of Love; (music) 2nd note of a scale, fixed D# [VELARIES, dialectal variant of VEHARIES]
¶	Soa frälina ya lelne Vlerä  The girl has fallen hopelessly in love
¶Vlerëi - n - a planet; the fourth month
¶Vleryana - n - a festival of Vlerë, held on 17 cuéndimar
¶vlesta - n - fair, festival, market [VELESTA]
¶vocan - vt ø - invoke, summon [VOCAN]
¶vocet - n - summons, subpoena [VOCET SUDROS, ‘The court invokes’, beginning formula of such documents]
¶vodžet - n - sherry— wine fortified with brandy [Flaidish {vodchet} ‘bold wine’]
¶voi - n invar - the 26th letter of the Verdurian alphabet, V <tt>V</tt> [OV {va}, from VAS; altered to contrast with {fai}]
¶voitäm - a - receivable
¶voitec - vt ø - enter, enter into; join, matriculate; (MV slang) visit, come by
¶	voitec deväm  sin; fall into debt
¶	voitec še ebrák  become an apprentice
¶voitesa - n - entrance
¶volemát - n - good will; readiness, inclination
¶voleme - a - willing; ready; benevolent [VOLESMES, adjectivization of VOLIR ‘want’]
¶vosel - n - invocation, call [VOCEL]
¶voy - n - message, posting
¶	letuë vouë  electronic forum
¶voyak - n - soldier [Western {vuyag} ‘horseman’ from {vug} ‘ride’]
¶voyir - vt - send; post (a message) [VOHIR]
¶voyul - n - messenger; apostle
¶vrak - n - enemy [VIRAȞ]
¶	com disecei vrakei  like a hated enemy’s (how you should criticize your own scientific work)
¶	Ke gene vrak esë eř šataše  The enemy of my enemy is my friend
¶vrakora - n - host, opposing army
¶vrařát - n - hostility, opposition
¶vraře - a - hostile, opposed; inimical, enemy [VIRAȞRES]
¶	soa vrařë falata  enemy forces
¶vremë - adv - thenceforth [OV {vremye}]
¶	vremë dy  since
¶vremya - pron - then, at that time
¶vriseo - n - vibration
¶vriser - vi Ag - vibrate [imitative variation of friser ‘shake’]
¶vuá - n - voice; (grammar) sound [VUA]
¶	im vuán  out loud
¶vuabežecî - n - talkie, non-silent movie [‘voice-movies’]
¶vuáë - n - voice/stress mark ´<tt>´</tt>; (a) voiced
¶vuafil - n - telegraph [‘voice-wire’]
¶vučemu - n - flounder— flat ocean-dwelling bottom-feeding fish [Keb. {vucemu}]
¶vuläde - a - ambitious [‘want to go’]
¶vulädeca - n - ambition
¶vulcrežno - n - appetite [‘want to eat’]
¶vuldorme - a - sleepy [‘want sleep’]
¶vulë - n - want
¶vulei - n - will [OV irregular plural of {vulë}]
¶	ab vulein  willingly, on purpose
¶vulir - vt - want [VOLIR]
¶vulmizec - vt ø - mean, intend [‘want to say’]
¶vulula - n - whim; wish [‘small desire’]
¶vululse - a - whimsical, quirky
¶vuntél - n - brocade [VUMETEL, from Axunašin ‘double-weft’]
¶vuran - n - warrior (OV name element) [OV {vurand}, augmentative of {vur} ‘warrior’, created as a back-formation from {virak, vurak} ‘enemy’, interpreted as a diminutive]
¶vure - a - vocal, spoken [reborrowing of VURES, from VUA ‘voice’]
¶vyon - n - lyre; also a Cuzeian name [VIONDOS, from Cuêzi {vionnas}]
¶vyoža - n m - primal force, power, one of the Powers of the World; magical force [VIOCTA ‘spirit’]
¶/Y
¶ya - adv - indeed, even; perfective particle [IAT]
¶yacura - n - partridge— largeish wild bird, lives in brush [‘hunt-hen’]
¶yačia - n - ogling, leering, eyeing
¶yačir - vt ø - ogle, leer, eye [yë ‘eye’ + -ačir ‘use’]
¶yadačir - v - rattle like a typewriter; (MV slang) dash off, annoy 
¶yadom - n - (MV slang) journalist, writer [’typist’]
¶yadris - n - typewriter [Yadderys Tolkio, its inventor]
¶yag - n - the seventh month (pl. yaži) [IAGOS ‘hunt’]
¶yagcrežec - n - predator [‘hunt-eater’]
¶yagen - vt ø - hunt  [IAGEN]
¶yagesa - n - hunt
¶yagom - n - hunter
¶yana - n - (MV slang) too much, in excess [Wesaitan {myana}]
¶yanir - vt - admire [OV {iande} ‘remarkable’, an adjectivization of *HIAUM ‘something to be seen’, from *HIAN ‘take a look’, from HIE ‘eye’]
¶yanul - n - minor success
¶yari - n - sound [IARIS]
¶yasny - a - clear; evident [IACNIS ‘simple, clear’]
¶yatan - n - (MV slang) boyfriend, husband, lover [Wesaitan ‘husband’]
¶yatá - adv - already; perfective particle [*IATA, pop. intensification of IAT ‘already’, using -A adverbial ending]
¶yatar - n - amber [IANTAR]
¶yë -  n - eye; the seat of the understanding (pl. yëî or yî) [HIE]
¶	curec yä dobrä  understand things well
¶	curec čača yä  be slow to understand
¶	še yen dobren  being of sound mind
¶	imbasen soem yem  indicate agreement, by lowering the eyes
¶	surošan soem yem  indicate disagreement, by covering the eyes briefly
¶	žalan soa yä sur zevum  have a guy in mind (or in sight)
¶yati - n - (MV slang) girlfriend, wife, lover [cf. {yata}] 
¶yaugo - n - (Er. slang) blowhard [a Sarroc TV character]
¶yeka - n - bud (of plant) [diminutive of yë  ‘eye’]
¶yela - n - idea, concept [IELA]
¶yenev - n - worm [IENEVOS]
¶yenevan - vi Ag - squirm 
¶yeröma - n - estimate
¶yerömen - vi Ag - estimate [HIERUEMEN ‘count by eye’]
¶	yerömul  estimated, approximate
¶yesača - n - psychiatry, esp. that of Akeb Nakali [Tžuro {iyesača} ‘rectification’]
¶yesta - n - throne [IESTA]
¶yešona - n - (Er. slang) prostitute [‘kohl’ + f.]
¶yešore - n - kohl, powdered, calcined antimony trisulphide [HIESCORRES ‘eye-dark’]
¶	gent yešorei  antimony (the element)
¶	mlakon yešorei  grey antimony (source of kohl; common ore of antimony)
¶yez - n - (colloq.) story, anecdote [Flaidish]
¶yezačir - vi Ag - bullshit, tell tall stories
¶yežil - n - pen [IECTIL ‘quill pen’, from IECTU ‘feather’]
¶yezilát - n - calligraphy
¶yežluran - vt ø - stimulate, arouse, titillate [‘do with a feather’]
¶	yežlurec  stimulating, arousing, erotic
¶	zet yežluran eta  fantasize about
¶yolaya - n - coconut [Nanese yɔi laya ‘nut of palm’]
¶yolo - n - knee [IAULO]
¶	soî yoloi  (MV slang) romantic crush 
¶yolno - n - small boy [‘knee (high)' + dim.]
¶yolye - n - small girl [‘knee (high)' + dim.]
¶yon - n - bread; loaf [*HIONOS, from HIONNOS]
¶yonka - n - roll [OV diminutive of {yon} ‘bread’]
¶yonog - n - toast [yon ogudul ‘broiled bread’]
¶yonora - n - basket 
¶yonte - a - a dark brown color; a typical Verdurian hair color
¶yore - n - brook, stream (Eärdur valley) [Cuêzi {yēore} ‘river’]
¶Yoreta - n - Cuzeian name [Cuêzi {yoreta} ‘type of flower’]
¶yorna - a - (Er. slang) too much [Sarroc]
¶yoro - n - Téllinorese music/dance [Yamda {hyôro} ‘music’]
¶youna - n - (Avéle slang) sissy [Sarroc ‘female’]
¶Yuliana - n - Eleďe name [OV {Iuliana}]
¶yuc - n - slot, socket [Flaidish {ʔuuk} ‘hole’]
¶yušu - n - larva [Cuêzi {yusiu}]
¶/Z
¶za - pron - one (pl. refl. pron.) [back-formation from acc. ZAHAM etc.]
¶za- - prefix - inceptive; e.g. zašantan ‘burst into song’
¶začoran - vi Ag - burst into tears [inchoative of ‘cry’]
¶zadadoni - n - definition [doni zada ‘giving of meaning’]
¶zadete - a - meaningful [ZADRETES]
¶zadi - n - meaning [ZADRIS]
¶	dan zada logán  define a word
¶zadormir - vi Pt - fall asleep [inchoative of ‘sleep’]
¶zaë - pron - one’s (gen. pl. refl. pron.)
¶zaftra - n - tomorrow [adverbial formation from ZEPTER ‘the next day’]
¶Zahara - n - Eleďe name [OV {Zaȟaria}]
¶Zahar - n - Eleďe name [OV {Zaȟaria}]
¶zais - n invar - the 16th letter of the Verdurian alphabet, Z <tt>Z</tt> [OV {za}, from ZAS; altered to contrast with {sas}]
¶zaivigo - n - radioactivity [Keb. {zaivgu} ‘glow’]
¶	pegeo zaivigei  weak force (physics)
¶zaivigose - a - radioactive
¶zakát - n - sunset
¶zaker - vi Ag - set (of stars or the sun)
¶zakladan - vi Ag - bet, wager, contest (regular) [OV {zakeladan} ‘begin an investment’]
¶zaklát - contest, bet, wager
¶	voitec/fäsir zaklatán  make/end a bet
¶	irzovec/iššelec zaklát  win/lose a bet
¶zam - pron - one (acc. pl. refl. pron.)
¶zamancan - vi Pt - run out [‘begin to lack’]
¶zambea - n - feigning, pretense
¶zamben - vt ø - feign, pretend to be; ape [ZAMEREN ‘act’, from Cuêzi {zamêrê}]
¶	zamben soi sadem visanomi  ape the real scholars
¶	Zambe esan malse  He’s pretending to be sick
¶zan - pron - one (dat. pl. refl. pron.)
¶Zanuy - a, n - of the Zanui, a tribe of Western barbarians
¶zaridir - vi Ag - burst out laughing [inchoative of ‘laugh’]
¶zasatel - n - undertaking, enterprise, project, endeavor
¶zasatec - n - entrepreneur, or one who undertakes any project
¶zasaten - vt ø - undertake [inchoative of ‘build’]
¶zašadan - vt ø - mount [inchoative of ‘ride’]
¶zašantan - vi Ag - burst into song [inchoative of ‘sing’]
¶zateker - vi Ag - stand up [inchoative of ‘stand’]
¶zavv - n - mercenary (Viminian dialect)
¶zdésece - adv - herein
¶zdesir - vt ø - (slang) look, dig
¶zdesy - pron - here (zdesy zdesii zdesim zdesin)
¶	zdesy ... zdesy   now...now
¶zdy - prep prefix - ‘component,’ ‘part of’ [zdesy ‘here’]
¶	derë domán, behind the house ≥ zdyderë domán  ‘on the house’s back side’
¶Z.E. - abbre - zon erei, Year of the South (see zon)
¶ze - pron - one (sing. refl. pron.) [back-formation from acc. ZEŤ etc.]
¶zëbortom - n - buccaneer [‘sea gangster’]
¶zëboua - n - walrus, manatee— large sea-dwelling herbivorous mammal [‘sea cow’]
¶zëcučec - n - piracy [‘sea attack’]
¶zëcučom - n - pirate
¶zëden - n - the fifth day of the week [OV, ‘sea day’]
¶zëdenei - n - stew [‘of zëden’— a meal made of whatever’s left the day before market day]
¶zedenomát - n - renunciation, resignation [zet denomát]
¶	dan zedenomát zië  submit one’s resignation
¶zedeu - n - (Avéle) ensign [Keb. {zeideu}]
¶zëföy - n - seaweed; (slang) clothes [‘sea leaf’]
¶zëi - n - sea [ZIEIS]
¶zëimalát - n - seasickness
¶zëimalse - a - seasick [‘sea-sick’]
¶zeirom - n - Zeiri, person from Zeir
¶zël - a - extreme, radical
¶Zelišo - n - Cuzeian name [Zeilisio ‘lively’]
¶zen - pron - sing. dat. refl. 3s
¶zen - n - sign, signal [ZENNOS]
¶Zena - n - Eleďe name [OV {Zena}]
¶zendan - vt/vi Pt - signal, indicate; wave; express, convey (conj. like dan) [ZENDAN]
¶	zet zendan  express oneself, get one’s point across
¶	Zende eta aguma  That indicates a problem
¶zendonec - cn - lue; sign, indication, piece of evidence; medical condition 
¶zendonecul - n - hint, tip [‘little sign’]
¶Zëne - n - Cuzeian name [Zienē ‘fertile]
¶zenegre - n - trademark [Caď. zennos negres ‘craft mark’]
¶zentene - a - lettered, literate [‘has signs’]
¶zëošu - n - sea monster [‘sea-thing’]
¶zer - n - Verdurian flatcake; crêpe, tortilla [ZEROS]
¶	zer uvul  open flatcake with toppings pizza
¶	zer tsesse  pancake
¶zëre - a - marine, of the sea; naval [ZIERES]
¶zerlesteo - n - restaurant specializing in zerî; pizzeria
¶zeřaš - n - herb [late Caďinor *ZEȞASCOS ‘a pinch’, from ZEȞEN ‘pinch, snip’]
¶zeřašan - vt ø - season, spice
¶zeřaševiso - n - herblore
¶zeřašom - n - herbalist
¶zešcó - interj - amen [Cuezi zesê cōi, ‘so be it’]
¶zet - pron - oneself (acc. sing. refl.) [ZEŤ]
¶zetaro - n - (Avéle) colonel [Keb. {zetarei}]
¶zetauve - a - flexible, adaptable [‘self-molding’]
¶zetbeže - a - self-willed, independent; automatic, by itself [‘self-moving’]
¶zetbracát - n - vanity, conceitedness
¶zetbracse - a - vain, conceited, full of oneself [‘self-glorious’]
¶zetlacri - n - self-pity [‘self-tears’]
¶zetcimeca - n - (math) <i>e</i> [‘self-derivative’]
¶zetcuro - n - abstinence [‘self-holding’]
¶zetdeče - n - bank draft [from the legal expression found on such drafts, “commits itself to pay...”]
¶zetdečia - n - commitment [‘self-tying’]
¶zetduisi - n - behavior [zet duisir, ‘behave’]
¶zetfeyasa - n - complaint [zet feyen ‘complain’]
¶zetkekát - n - suicide [‘self-killing’]
¶zetlele - a - conscious [‘seeing onself’]
¶zetleleë - n - consciousness
¶zetmeyát - n - selfishness
¶zetmeyec - a - selfish [‘self-coddling’]
¶zetopfë - n - reflexive pronoun [‘self-accusative’]
¶zetopfëë - a - reflexive
¶zetrogulo - n - masturbation [zet trogan ‘touch oneself’]
¶zetšatabi - n - self-love [zet šatabir  ‘self-love’]
¶zetteneo - n - attitude, air, mood; the impression one is making; ambience; self-confidence [zet tenec,  to maintain oneself]
¶zettihiát - n - modesty
¶zettihy - a - modest [‘quiet oneself’]
¶zet-zet - a - (MV slang) selfish (invar.) ['self-self’]
¶zetzol - a - stubborn [‘self-strong’]
¶zevu - n - (slang) man, hombre [Keb. {zeveu} ‘friend’, from Meť. {zewi} ‘loyal’]
¶zey - prefix - (Er., Xurnese System) 10^15
¶zicua - n - mockery
¶zicuäm - a - ridiculous, absurd [‘to be mocked’]
¶zicuämesa - n - absurdity, ridiculousness
¶zicuan - vt ø - mock, jeer, ridicule [Cuêzi {zicuê}]
¶zícue - a - mocking
¶Zid - n - Cuzeian name [Zīdos ‘trouble’]
¶zië - pron - one’s (gen. sing. refl.)
¶ziëca - n - property, goods [from zië ‘one’s own’]
¶	šalemë ziëca  invention, patentable innovation
¶	cazo šalemëi ziëce  patent
¶ziëcisát - n - capitalism 
¶ziëcise - a - capitalist [’property-ist’]
¶ziëcse - a - personal, individual, private
¶ziecurë - n - owner, proprietor
¶ziecurec - vt - own [‘property-hold’]
¶ziecuresa - n - ownership, possession
¶zieigenos - n - the lutinids: the iliî and šipomî [modern Caď. ‘sea-people’]
¶zihe - n - berry [ZIȞE]
¶ziveu - n - (Er. slang) pal, partner [Keb.]
¶ziziger - vi Ag - intrigue [ZEDIGER ‘tangle’]
¶zizigesa - n - intrigue
¶znak - n - letter, symbol [OV {zenak}, diminutive of ZENNOS ‘sign, signal’]
¶	znakî provecî  punctuation [‘guiding marks’]
¶znakdonta - n - code page, block of characters in a computer font
¶znakora - n - alphabet; font [‘set of letters’]
¶	znakora etaldei  the Verdurian or modern Caďinorian alphabet
¶	znakora parnië  Barakhinei alphabet
¶	znakora üla  the ancient Caďinorian alphabet
¶	znakora cuzëa  the Cuêzi alphabet
¶znura - n - flag, banner [late Caďinor ZENNURA ‘something which signals’]
¶zobát - n - minor magic, nature lore [ZOBANTOS, from Cuêzi {zobê} ‘magic’]
¶zobom - n - seer, enchanter, magician
¶zol - n, a - strength; strong [ZOL]
¶zolom - n - strong man; (Avéle) early pro-war party
¶zolmey - n - rapids, cataracts [‘strong water’]
¶zöm - n - gate; (manufacturing) valve; (music) second, one-note heptatonic interval [ZUEMOS]
¶	embre zöm  minor second
¶	egre zöm  major second
¶zömhežom - n - gatekeeper [‘gate-guard’]
¶zömura - n - porch, veranda [ZUEMURA, from ZUEMOS ‘gate’]
¶zon - n - year [ZONOS, variant of ZONNOS]
¶	zon kastenei  leap year
¶	Zon Erei  Year of the South, since the founding of Ctésifon
¶	Zon Cuzeë  Cuzeian year— since the founding of Eleisa, Z.E. -350
¶	Soî zonî et imbemnu...  Experience has taught me...
¶zondre - a - yearly, annual [ZONRES]
¶zonhicet - n - age [‘year-number’]
¶zonir - vi Pt - age
¶zonpomäe - n - chronicle [‘year-tale’]
¶zontor - n - season; school term [‘year-part’]
¶zontorise - a - seasonal
¶zonul - a - mature, grown up
¶zovec - vi Ag - play, have fun [ZOBREC]
¶zovi - n - play
¶zuča - n - (MV slang) crap [taboo-def.]
¶zučuy - n - perversion, fetish
¶zučuyse - a - perverse, unnatural [‘wicked way’]
¶Zukai - n - a demoness, consort of Gelálh [TSOKAȞIS]
¶zueme - a - gluttonous [IDURESMES ‘greedy’, from IDURAN ‘desire’]
¶zul - a - joyous
¶zula - n - joy [ZULA]
¶zur - n - wish; toast, benediction
¶zuran - vi Pt - wish; toast [IDURAN ‘desire’]
¶zurem - n - mass [zury řem ‘holy dinner’]
¶	Zurem Itianei  Pentecost 
¶	Zurem Einatui  Michaelmas
¶zury - n - supper— i.e a light meal in the evening, typical of rural areas [ZURRIS]
¶	Dernë Zury  Last Supper
¶zut - a - wickzd [ZUŤ]
¶zuys - prefix - (Er., Xurnese System) 10^-3
¶zuz - n - buzz, hum
¶zuzec - vi Ag - buzz, hum; vt  tease [imitative]
¶/Ž
¶žadžo - n - groundnut, peanut— ground-growing nut [Trêng {jajo}]
¶žalan - vt ø - rub
¶žanen - vi Ag - come; happen, occur (present tense žai žes že žanam...) [CTANEN]
¶	Žes?  Are you coming?
¶	Že froe  It’s cold out
¶	Že dy...  It turns out that...
¶žanka - n - accident [diminutive of žano ‘occurrence’]
¶žanme - n - future; prophecy [‘it will come’]
¶	nun iy žanmen  sooner or later
¶	šray žanmei  the art of prophecy 
¶žano - n - coming; happening, occurence; event
¶žantan - vt ø - prophesy, foresee
¶žantom - n - prophet, seer [OV {žannuton}, from žaneme ‘prophecy’]
¶žas - n - ginger [Keb. {źas}, from Lé {jás}]
¶žat - n - garden [CTASTOS]
¶žatatún - n - shed (in a garden); pavilion [‘garden room’]
¶	žatatún steklei  greenhouse
¶žatom - n - gardener
¶žaye - n - fox, cute girl, dish, knockout; adj  foxy
¶žažarce - a - joyful, boisterous, foot-tapping
¶žažarka - n - type of dance music [OV dim. of {Žažar}, place where such music was heard]
¶žeiza - n - shrine [GESENSA ‘niche for household god’]
¶želea - n - calm; eighth month [GELEIA]
¶želse - a - calm
¶žemna - n - twin [GEMINA]
¶žen - n - people [GENOS ‘clan’]
¶	fako Ženië  the Peoples’ Party
¶ženašea - n - opinion [‘people-think’]
¶ženát - n - family; (taxonomy) order, family
¶ženata - n - family name
¶ženatom - n - relative
¶žendise - a - unpopular [‘people-hate’]
¶žéngues - n - democracy [‘people-power’]
¶žengueste - a - democratic
¶	Anát žengueste  Democratic Union
¶ženilo - n - socialist [‘people-ist’]
¶ženisát - n - socialism
¶ženise - a - socialist
¶ženmize - n - proverb (by analogy with -mizo words, sometimes {ženmizo}) [‘people-say’]
¶Ženöra - n - the first woman [Cuêzi {Denūra}, possibly influenced by {žen, žina}]
¶ženředao - n - superstition [‘people-belief’]
¶žensulirul - n - idiom [‘people-phrase’]
¶ženšate - a - popular; idiomatic [‘people-like’]
¶žente - n - (slang or MV) aržentei— a silver coin
¶žes - n - home; (music) octave, or unison [GES ‘houshold god’]
¶žesan - vi Pt - live 
¶	žesan im šeíran  live in a palace
¶žescaln - n - domain, dominion [‘home-castle’]
¶žese - a - homely, lived-in; casual; informal
¶žesglašan - vi Ag - invite [‘home-announce’]
¶	Prokio žesglašan miran lë?  Why invite your mother?
¶žesglašul - n - invitation
¶Žésifo - n - the capital of the Caďinorian empire and later Ctésifon [CTESIFON]
¶žežo - n - jelly; (MV slang) Ženië, socialist [*CTEIUS ‘sticky thing’, from CTEIES ‘sticky’]
¶žežoil - n - gelatine
¶ži - n - (Ct) boy (declined like {so}) [GIOS]
¶žicse - n - cushion [Ism. {ijicse}, from Keb. {iźicse} ‘sitting thing’]
¶	žesan sur žicsen  have it easy
¶žicocole - z - quarrelsome
¶žicoi - n - dispute, quarrel
¶žicoir - vi Ag - dispute, quarrel [GICOER ‘bray’]
¶	žicoir ak drukán  quarrel with a friend
¶žina - n - girl [GINA ‘maiden’]
¶žinul - n - sissy
¶žir - n - hug
¶žiren - vt ø - hug [GIREN ‘comfort’]
¶žirén - n - ibis— long-legged, black and white wading bird found in warm climates [GIREINOS, from Cuêzi {giren}, from Meť. {girein} ‘long one’]
¶žive - a - lively, active, vivacious; outgoing [GIVES]
¶	živë šalea  oxygen [‘lively air’]
¶živesa - n - liveliness, activity, sprightliness
¶žižyo - n - (slang) urine; white wine [OV {žižen} ‘piss’, imitative]
¶žnea - n - attractiveness, cuteness [OV {žnea, ženea}, from Ism. {jinea} ‘girlishness’, from GINA ‘girl’]
¶žnete - a - attractive, cute
¶žo- - prefix - eight (combination form)
¶žoc - # - eight [late Caď. IOC, from IOCI]
¶žocařo - n - byte [‘eight bits’]
¶žof - n - roof [CTOVOS]
¶	žof bušei  palate
¶žöh - n - mead [IUEȞOS]
¶žole - a - light (not heavy) [IOLES]
¶žombrel - n - fright, shudder
¶žombrelse - a - scared, alarmed
¶žombren - vt - frighten, scare [IONEBREN ‘unman’, from IONES ‘female’]
¶žombrulen - vt - alarm [‘scare a little’]
¶žonë - a, n - female [IONILES, colloq. derivation of IONES ‘female’]
¶žonkrof - n - menstrual blood; menstruation [‘female blood’]
¶žore - a - safe, secure [CTORES]
¶žoren - vt - secure, make safe; warrant, guarantee a loan or legal act; ensure
¶	Žorne muteam pro kunnáen  He guaranteed the loan for the bank
¶	Soa dalua Verdúrë žorme so mevel  The kingdom of Verduria will guarantee the treaty
¶žoresa - n - security, safety; guarantee (act)
¶žorta - n - flower; Verdurian given name [IORTA]
¶žortir - vi Pt - sprout [dynamic tenses of IORTAN ‘flower’]
¶žortecul - n - sprout, seedling
¶Žoržo - n - Eleďe name [OV {Georgio, Yeorio}]
¶žořizo - n - base eight, octal (number) [‘eight-base’]
¶žosu - n - mercy (OV name element) [IOSU]
¶žou - n - trick, scam [žow ‘way’, Viminian derivation from IULIS]
¶	imlelen luom ab žoun  conjure up an apple
¶	Eluá žou  Here’s the catch
¶žoubo - n - trickster, con man
¶žoudautom - n - jeweller [OV {žoildaltuom} ‘jewel-chiseller’]
¶žouen - vi Ag - conjure, trick
¶žouom - n - conjuror, trickster
¶žovoš - n - ladder [‘roof thing’]
¶žoya - n - jewel [IOHILA]
¶žoziseo - n - irritation
¶žoziser - vt ø - irritate [CTODICER ‘make angry’]
¶žraney - a - shabby, tacky [‘of Žrano’, a town in Vimínia]
¶žuba - n - mane, crest [IUBA]
¶žubula - n - ponytail (hairstyle)
¶žuca - n - role, part; function; character (in book or play) [IUCA]
¶	suvan žuca  play a role, take a part
¶žuë - n - toy [IUILE ‘gift, toy’]
¶žumbruhan - vt  practice, follow, live in the way of [bruhan žuim, ‘use the way’]
¶žumbruhec - n - believer, follower
¶žumeta - n - mare [IUMENTA]
¶žüngu - n - expenditures, expenses, outflow [Keb. {źyngu}]
¶	nivo žüngui  standard of living
¶žure - a - generous [IUSRES ‘giving’, from IUSIR ‘provide’]
¶žuranami - n - wolfram, manganese/iron tunstate [Tžuro {juranami} ‘black tin’]
¶žusäm - n - merchandise, goods, wares [‘to be sold’]
¶žusë - n - organ, member— emphasis on unique role [IUCILE, from IUCA ‘role’]
¶žusec - n - vendor
¶žusia - n - sale, sales, selling
¶	sula žusia  state-granted monopoly (Verduria)
¶	anisë žusia  state-granted monopoly (Érenat)
¶žusir - vt ø - sell (present tense žui žus žu žusum...) [IUSIR ‘provide’]
¶žusni - n - lace [Xazengri {jurešun} ‘lacy’ from Xur. {júdeš} ‘lace’, lit. ‘with holes’]
¶žuy - n - way, method, technique [*IUILIS, variant of IULIS]
¶žuydoni - n - instructions, recipe, formula; procedure [‘method-giving’]
¶žuyora - n - practice, modus operandi
¶žuyse - a - practical
¶žužu - a invar - (slang)  stoned, drunk, high [Western {juju}]