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#indo *Indo-European Proto-Indo- European+ Calvert Watkins, <i> American Heritage Dict </i> 1976 **Germanic *3Western Old Germanic+ Old English+ OED. RS has Old Northumbrian and Old Kentish. Middle English+ English ENG RS has 24 d. Scots SCO Troy Sagrillo, U. Toronto. RS has 7 d. Old Frisian+ Bo Sjölin, <i>Einführung in das Friesische</i> 1969. Frisian (West) FRI Frisian (Saterland) FRS Andrew Howey. RS has 17 more Frisians. Dutch. DUT R. RS has 13 d. W/S Flemish VLA Denis Dujardin Brabants Hendrik Chaltin (= Antwerp; Brussels has 10 = tìn). Afrikaans AFR Middle High German+ Joseph Wright 1955. Middle Low German A. Lübben <i>Mittelniederdeutsche Grammatik</i> by Old High German+ OED Old Saxon James E. Cathey <i>Old Saxon</i>, Johan Hendrik Gallée <i>Altsächsische Grammatik</i> German GER RS has 23 more d. Alsatian Elsa Laugel-Erny n.d. #4 (not in source) from Paulo Bairos. Low Saxon Reinhard Hahn Emsland (Low Saxon) Johannes Reese Mennonite Plautdietsch GRN Herman Rempel, <i>Kjenn jie noch Plautdietsch? </i> 1984 Cimbrian CIM Olivier Gérard. Rimella (Walserdeutsch) WAE Daniel von Brighoff Piemonte Daniel von Brighoff Central Bavarian BAR Klaus Zimmer Swabian SWG Thomas Kemmer 1995, web. Rheinfränkisch (Rhenanic Franconian) PFL G. Ambrose. Ripuarian Mahni Touri Pennsylvania PDC Robert Lüsch Luxembourgeois LUX (Lëtzebuergesch) Jean-Claude Berens (on web); corrections from G. Ambrose. R. Swiss German (Zürich) GSW Peter von Ballmoos (on web); #9 from Remo Mangold. Yiddish YDD Alan Sachs, Stephen Cohen. R, Eth »East YIH *3Northern Runic+ Peter Petterson 1997, web. R. RS has 7 various Northern d. Old Norse+ Norwegian NRR Peter Bergman 1968. Nynorsk information: Steinar Midtskogen, Odd Lund. Eth Nynorsk NRN, Bokmal NRR. Danish DNS Peter Bergman 1968 Old Swedish <i>Altschwedische Grammatik</i> by Adolf Noreen 1904. Swedish SWD Peter Bergman 1968 Dalecarlian. DLC Jens Persson Faroese FAE Old Icelandic+ Icelandic ICE *3Eastern Gothic+ **Italic Oscan+ OSC Rick Schellen. R. Umbrian+ XUM Rick Schellen. R. »Sabellian+ Faliscan+ XFA Rick Schellen. R. Latin+ LTN Humez and Humez 1976. *3Romance Mozarabic+ MXI Rick Schellen. R. Portuguese POR RS has 4 variants. Galician GLN X. Ramón Pena and Manuel Rosales, 1991. R. Spanish SPN RS has 16 d. other than those below. Ladino (Judeo-Espanyol). SPJ Rick Schellen. Asturian AUB F. Ferrero, P. Manzano and U. Rodriguez, <i>Diccionariu Basicu de la Llingua Asturiana</i> Aragonese AXX Chusé Aragué, Dizionario Aragonés-Castellán. Catalan CLN Miguel Carrasquer Vidal Valencian Joan Pau Merita Old French+ French FRN RS has 11 d. other than those below. Walloon Pablo Saratxaga. Jèrriais Geraint Jennings Poitevin Michel Gauthier, Gr du poitevin-saintongeais 1996. Old Picard+ B. Pellin. Picard PCD J. Guilieron and E. Edmont, Atlas linguistique de la France 1902-1910. Provençal (Occitan) PRV Matias van den Bossche; also RS and Jarel. R. RS has 15 more. Lengadocian LNC Matias van den Bossche. Gascon GSC Michel Grosclaude 1977. V d. French; but look how close it is to Lengadocian. Auvergnat AUV JD, from Dic Général Français-~ 1990. Limosin LMS JD (says source is old). Franco-Provençal (Vaudois) FRA Jules Reymond and Maurice Bossard 1982. R. RS has 14 more. Rhaeto-Romance Rumantsch Grischun RHE <i>Pledari rumantsch grischun-tudestg and tudestg-rumantsch grischun e grammatica elementara dal rumantsch grischun</i> 1985. Sursilvan and Vallader Ricarda Liver, <i>Manuel pratique de romanche : sursilvan-vallader</i> 1982. RS has 13 more. Sutsilvan, Surmiran Dennis Adams Friulian FRL Maria Ilescu 1972. RS has 10 more. Ladin LDD JD R. Dalmatian+ DLM JD R. Italian ITN RS has 51 d. other than those below. Piedmontese PMS Rick Schellen. Milanese LMO Franco Nicoli, <i>Grammatica ~</i> 1983. Genovese LIG Fiorenzo Toso, <i>Grammatica del ~</i> 1997. Eth Ligurian. Parmesan Emiliano Venturini. Venetian VEC JD. Corsican COI Pascal Marchetti 1981. Umbrian Rick Schellen. Neapolitan NPL Ricardo Distasi. Sicilian SCN Rick Schellen. Sardinian SDN Claudio Salvucci. RS has 11 more. Romanian RUM RS also has Old Rumanian and Moldovan. Arumanian RUP Achille G. Lazarou 1986. Meglenite (Megleno-Rumanian) RUQ Rick Schellen. R. Istriot RUO Bogdan Banu. R. **Celtic Proto-Celtic+ Oaritheias, from MacBain's etym. dict Gaelic. Gaulish+ Pierre-Yves Lambert, <i>La langue gauloise</i> 1985. via B. Pellin. R. *3Brythonic Proto-Brythonic+ NO Old Welsh+ Alexandre Falileyev, <i>Le Vieux-Gallois</i> Welsh WLS T.J. Rhys Jones, <i>Teach yourself ~</i> 1961. R. Cardiganshire Jadranka Gvozdanovic, <i>Indo-European Numerals</i> 1992, via Michel Defayes. Removed, as it is probably just Irish people using Welsh spelling conventions. Breton BRT Yann-Ber Messager Vannetais B. Pellin. (Unified) Cornish+ CRN P.A.S. Pool, <i>~ for beginners</i> 1970. RS has 2 other varieties. Common Cornish Ivan Derzhanski Modern Cornish Ivan Derzhanski. Devonian+ Joseph Biddulph, <i>A Handbook of West Country Brythonic</i> 1996. Via Elizabeth Pyatt. *3Goidelic Proto-Goidelic+ NO Old Irish+ R.P.M. and W.P. Lehman, <i>An Introduction to ~</i> 1975 Irish GLI Eamonn McManus. RS has 5 d. Scots Gaelic GLS RS has 6 d. Manx+ MJD Campbell 1991 »Shelta STH Not in R, Eth **Hellenic Classical Greek+ GKO Greek R. GRK RS has 17 d. Cypriot Iacovos Koumi Tsakonian TSD JD. R. Mycenaean Greek+ Ebbe Vilborg 1960. **Tocharian Tocharian A+ XTO JD. R. Tocharian B+ TXB JD; also in Campbell 1991. R. **Albanian Albanian ALN Leonard Newmark, <i>Standard ~</i> 1982. R, V. Gheg (Qosaj) ALS JD (he has 7 d. of Gheg). Tosk (Mandritsa) JD (14 d. of Tosk). **Armenian Classical Armenian+ XCL Woodard 2004. Armenian ARM Alexandre Akopyan. Jarel has E and W d. **Baltic Old Prussian+ Martin Gircys-Shetty. Lithuanian LIT Latvian LAT Latgalian M. Biksš and J. Placinskis, <i>Latgaļu volūdas gramatika un pareizraksteibas</i> 1973 (JD). **Slavic *3East Russian RUS Belarussian RUW R.G.A. de Bray, <i>Guide to the Slavonic Lgs</i> 1980 Ukrainian UKR R.G.A. de Bray 1980 Rusyn RUE Thabit. Not in R, Eth *3West Polish PQL Peter Bergman 1968 Kashubian CSB F.Lorentz 1971. Polabian+ POX Kazimierz Polanski in Comrie and Corbett 1993. Czech CZC <i>A Rough Guide Phrasebook</i> 1995. Slovak SLO R.G.A. de Bray 1980 East, West Norbert Kamenicky Upper Sorbian WEN R.G.A. de Bray 1980 Lower Sorbian WEE Reinhard Hann *3South Old Church Slavonic+ SLN R.G.A. de Bray 1980 Bulgarian BLG R.G.A. de Bray 1980 Pomak Petros D. Theocaridēs, <i>Gram tēs ~ikēs Glōssas</i> Macedonian MKJ R.G.A. de Bray 1980 Serbo-Croat SRC Peter Bergman 1968 Slovene SLV Andrea Albretti 1997; a phonetic version is in de Bray. **Anatolian Hittite+ XHI Campbell 1991 (#1 from Jarel). R. »Palaic+ PLQ Lydian+ XLD Mel Copeland, web. Eth Luwian+ XLU JD. R. Eth hieroglyphic HLU. Lycian+ XLC JD. R. **Indo-Iranian Proto-Indo-Iranian+ Martin Kuemmel (Indo-Iranianist). *3Iranian 325,183 *4Eastern Ossetian OSE M.I. Isaev in SOV =Iron. V/R Ossetic. Digor JD. V d. Ossetic. Scythian+ XSC Gyla Meszaros, web. Eth Avestan+ AVS Ronald Emmerick 1992 (cf. Saka). A, V, R. Khwarezmian+ XCO JD. R. Sogdian+ Prods Oktor Skjærvø <i>An Introduction to Manichean~</i>. R. Yoghnobi YAI M. N. Bogolyubov in SOV (2 d., this is Eastern). Also Jarel. R Yaghnobi. Bactrian+ XBC Saloumeh Gholami <i>Selected Features of ~ Gram</i>. R. Saka+ XSK Ronald Emmerick in Jadranka Gvozdanoviç, Indo-European Numerals 1992 =Khotanese. Also from Jarel =Khotanese Saka. R Saka. Pashto PBT Jakob Dempsey. A (Peshawar, Waziri, Kandahar), V, R. Wakhi WBL T.N. Pakhalina, Vakhanskij Yazyk 1975. Also Reinhard Hahn. A, V, R. →Munji MNJ A Munjani, V, R. →Yidhgha YDG A Yüdɣà, R Yidgha, not in V. Ishkashmi T.N. Pakhalina in SOV A, V d. Sanglechi, R. Eth w/ next. →Sanglechi SGL JD. I also have a version from RS =Zēbakī; but differs from Ishkashmi only with #10 = dos not dōs. V d. Sanglechi, R. Shughn SGH V.S. Sokolova in SOV. Also Campbell 1991 A Šiɣni, V/R Shughni. Rušani V.S. Sokolova in SOV =Rušanskij (also has Bartangi, Oroshor d.). Yazgulami YAH D.I. Edelman in SOV. Also Jarel. R. Sarikoli SRH V.S. Sokolova in SOV. Also Reinhard Hahn. Also (as Tashkorghani) from Allen Hoffman (who has it from Lonely Planet guide to Central Asia). A d. Šiɣni, V d. Shughni, not in R. Eth confirms in Shughni-Yazgulami group. Parachi PRC Tetsuo Nawata 1983. R. →Ormuri ORU A, V, R. *4Western *5Northwest »Median+ XME Eth Parthian+ XPR P. O. Skjærvø in Windfuhr <i>The Iranian Lgs</i>. R. →Yazdi JD (1-8 only). R. →Nayini NYQ Manuchihr Sutudah, <i>Farhang-i Na’ini</i> 1986 (JD). R. Natanzi NTZ Arthur Christensen, <i>Contributions à la Dialectologie Iranienne</i> 1930 (JD). R. »Soi SOJ Khunsari KFM Wilhelm Eilers, <i>Die Mundart Von Chunsar </i>1976 (JD). R. Gazi GZI Wilhelm Eilers, <i>Die Mundart Von Sivand </i>1988 (JD). R. Sivandi SIY probably above Vafsi VAF Donald Leonard Stilo, <i>A gram of ~-Tati</i> 1977 (JD). R. Semnani SMJ JD. R. Sangisari SGR Arthur Christensen, <i>Contributions à la Dialectologie Iranienne II </i>1935 (JD). R. Gilaki GLK JD. R. Mazanderani MZN Tetsuo Nawata 1984. R. Talysh TLY L.A. Pireyko in SOV. Also Jarel. R. →Harzani HRZ Pierre Lecoq in Rudiger Schmitt, <i>Compendium Linguarum Iranicarum</i> 1989 (missing #7-9; JD). R. Zaza ZZZ Ludwig Paul, <i>Zazaki: Grammatik und Versuch einer Dialektologie</i> 1998 (JD). R. Gorani BJM JD. R. Baluchi BGP Mumtaz Ahmad, <i>~ Glossary 1985 =Rakhshani, major d. A (Makrani, Eastern), V Balochi, R. (Turkmenistan) V.S. Rastorgueva in SOV. Eastern Hill Major George Waters Gilbertson, <i>English-Balochi Colloquial Dict </i>1925 (JD). Western Baluchi (Rakhshani) BGN Muhammad Abd-al-Rahman Barker and Aqil Khan Mengal, <i>A Course in Baluchi</i> 1969 (JD). »Bashkardi BSG Kermanji Kurdish KUR D.N. MacKenzie, <i>Kurdish dialect studies </i>1961 (Suleimaniye d.). V, R Kirmanji, Eth Kurmanji. Zaza Kurdish D.N. MacKenzie 1961 =Akre d. V, R =? Kurdi. Bajalani BJM D. N. MacKenzie 1956. Kermanshahi KDB JD. R. *5Southwest →Old Persian+ OPE JD, who sez other #s not attested; but Rick has a set!? A, V, R. Pahlavi+ XPL Woodard 2004. Farsi (Persian) PRS John Andrew Boyle, <i>Grammar of modern Persian</i> 1966 A, V, R. Dari JD. V Khorasani d. Farsi. Isfahani JD. Tajik PET A.A. Kerimova in SOV. V d.Persian, R Tajiki. Tati TTT A.L. Gryuberg in SOV. Also Jarel. R. Chàli, Eshtehàrdi, Xiàraji Ehsan Yar-Shater, <i>A Gram of Southern ~ Dialects</i> 1969. Eshtehard is near Tehran; I assume these are all Iranian dd while SOV’s is Azeri. Fars FAC JD. R. Lari LRL JD. R. Luri LRI Pierre Lecoq in Rudiger Schmitt, Compendium Linguarum Iranicarum</i> 1989 (JD). R. Kumzari ZUM Bertram Thomas, <i>The ~ Dialect of the Shihuh Tribe</i> 1930 (JD). R. *4Nuristani 325, 265 Ashkun ASK D.I. Edelman 1983, V, R. Wasi-weri PRN D.I. Edelman 1983 =Prasun, A Wasi-veri, V, R, Eth Prasuni. Kati BSH D.I. Edelman 1983, A Bašgali, V, R. Kamviri QMV Richard F. Strand, http://users.sedona.net/~strand/.V d. Kati, Eth Kalasha-ala WBK D.I. Edelman 1983 =Waigali, A Wai-alà, V Kalas. a-alà, R, Eth Waigali. »Tregami TRM *4Indic 325, 164 Sanskrit+ SKT Whitney. A, V, R. →Prakrit+ A, V: there are several. I have a version from Hermann Berger, in Gvozdanovič, <i>Indo-European Numerals</i> 1992, but I’m not sure about it. Ardhamagadhi+ Dalby. V. Pali+ PLL Woodard 2004. *5Romany Romani V Romany, R Romany Spanish, below Welsh RMW below Armenian JD (also has Vlach (v. close to Kalderash), Lovari, Agia Varvara (Athens), Sepečides, Sinte, Bugurdži). Kalderash RMY Ivan Derzhanski. Syrian A. Iranian (Tehran) RMN JD. *5Sinhalese-Maldivian Sinhalese SNH C.H.B. Reynolds 1980. V, R, A Singhalese. Vedda VED JD. R. Maldivian SNM JD. R. *5Northern India *6Dardic Kashmiri KSH D.I. Edelman 1983, A (5 d.), V Kašmīrī, R. Shina SCL D.I. Edelman 1983, A (4 d.), V Ṣiṇa, R. Brokstat (Brokpa) BKK 2K: Ramaswani N. 1982 Phalura PHL D.I. Edelman 1983, V, R. Dumaki Bertil Tikkanen, who also says it’s closer to Hindi/Rajasthani than to Dardic. (Jarel sent a similar set.) R. Bashkarik GWC D.I. Edelman 1983, A (Gārwi d.Kohistani), V Baškarīk, R, Eth d. Kalami GWC. Tirahi TRA D.I. Edelman 1983, V, R. Torwali TRW D.I. Edelman 1983, A d.Kohistani, V, R. Wotapuri WSV D.I. Edelman 1983 =Katarkalai, V Woṭapūrī-Kaṭārqalāī, R. Maiya MVY D.I. Edelman 1983 =Mayan (also has Kanyawali d.), A d.Kohistani, V, R, Eth Kohistani. Kalasha KLS D.I. Edelman 1983, A, V Kalaṣa, R. Khowar KHW Mohammad Ismail Sloan, web. Edelman, A, V, R. Dameli DML D.I. Edelman 1983, V, R. Gawar-bati GWT D.I. Edelman 1983, A, V, R. Pashai PSH D.I. Edelman 1983, A, V, R. Shumashti SMS D.I. Edelman 1983, V Šumāštī, R. Nangalami NLI Georg Morgenstierne, Notes on Gawar-Bati 1950 =Ningalami. R. Dumaki DMK *6Western Marathi MRT Naresh B. Kavadi and Franklin C. Southworth, <i>Spoken ~</i> 1965. A, R, V. A d.Dēšī (V Desi), Nāgpurī (V Varhadi-Nagpuri), Kònkanī (V Konkan). Konkani GOM Mariano Saldanha, <i>Iniciação na Língua Concani</i> 1950. R, A Kōnkanī d.Marathi, V Konkan d.Marathi. Eth KNK but may be GOM Goanese. · Sindhi SND Dalby. R, V, A. A d.Vichōli, Lārī, Kachch’ī, all 3 listed in V as d. Khatri Paulo Bairos. Not in V or R. →•Lahnda R, V, A. Also have an almost complete set from Hermann Berger, in Gvozdanoviç 1992. A d.Shahpur, Mūltāni, Hindkī, T‘alī, D‘annī, Tināulī, Salt Range, Pòṭ’wārī, Chib’ālī, Punch‘ī. V has d.names like Northeastern— no help. (K‘ètrānī) A. Not in R or V. Actually this seems to have disappeared from the list. Eth has it in ‘Lahnda’ group. *6Central Hindi/ Urdu HND R.S. McGregor 1972, corrected from Richard Delacy 1998 (checked against Devanagari, yes indeed). R (2 langs), V, A Western Hindi. A also d.Vernacular, Dak’inī (V Dakhini), Bāngarū (V Bangaru), Braj B’āk’ā (V Braj Bhakha; also RS), Kanauji (also V), Bundèlī (V Bundeli; also RS), Banāp’arī.. Parya PAQ JD. R. »Baluj Punjabi PNJ C. Shackle, Teach Yourself ~ 1972. R, V Panjabi, A Pañjābī. A also d.Pōwād’ī, Ḍōgrī (V Dogri-Kongri), Kāngrā. Siraiki SKR Dalby. Eth Saraiki. Gujarati GJR Textbook from UIC library; corrections by Vijay. A, R, V. A also d.Charòtarī (V Charotari; also RS), Kāṭ’iyāwāḍī (V Kathiyawadi), K’ārwā (V Kharwa), G‘isāπī (V Tarimuki). →•Rajasthani (Marwari) MRI R Marwari, V (calls Marwari as a d.), A. A also d.Jaipurī (V Central-eastern), Mèwāti (V Mewati), Gujurī of Hazara (V Gujuri), Mālvi (V Mal(a)vi, also RS), Nīmāḍī (V Nimadi), Lab’anī of Berar. Banjari (Lamani) LMN Ronald L. Trail 1968 =Lamani. R, Eth Lambadi. →•Malvi MUP R, A/V d.Rajasthani. »Gade Lohar GDA Eth →•Bhili BHB R, V, A. →Dogri DOJ R, A/R d.Punjabi; same numbers in Dalby (exc. transcript. diffs.). Eth ~-Kangri. →•Kumauni KFY In html listed as C Pahari since there's only one difference (a lengthened vowel on '6') from Garhwali A d.Central Pahāri, R, V. Dalby’s v. is the same. →•Garhwali GBM A d.Central Pahāri, R, V. W Pahari Hans Hendriksen 1986 =Himachali. A, R, V. A d.Jaunsārī (V Jaunsari), Sirmaurī (V Sirmauri; also RS), Bag‘āṭī (V Baghati), Kiūṭ‘alī (V Kiuthali; also RS), Šodòchī (also RS), Kuluī (V Kului), Manḍeālī (V Mandeali), Chameālī (V Chameali), Gādī, Pangwālī, B‘adrawāhī (V Bradrawah; also RS), Pāḍarī. →•Khandeshi KHN V Khandesi, R, A Kāndēši *6East-Central Nepali NEP Alice Irene Davis 1984 . R,V, A Eastern Pahārī or K’as-kurā. Eastern Hindi A’s d. are Awadhi, Bagheli, Chattisgarhi. C Kosali. V says dialects are Awadhi-Bagheli and Chhattisgarhi. Awadhi AWD Baburam Saksena, Evolution of ~ 1937 (= Lakhīmpurī d.). R, V d.Eastern Hindi, A d.Eastern Hindi. · •Chattisgarhi HNE Dalby = A except for transcription diffs. , A d.Eastern Hindi; not in R, V d.Eastern Hindi. Bihari. V, R group (Maithili, Magahi, Bhojpuri). (Note: I had an entry for this, since C has it and the following 3 as sep.languages. But my entry was just from A, which was an earlier form of Maithili.) Nagpuriā A d.Bihari, V Nagpuri d.Bihari, not in R. Maithili MKP Alice Irene Davis 1984 . R, A Mait’ilī d.Bihari, V d.Bihari. Magahi MQM Dalby. R, A/V d.Bihari. Bhojpuri SBJ Shaligram Shukla 1981. R, A 2 d.Bihari, V d.Bihari. Sadani Monika Jordan-Horstmann, ~ 1969. Eth SCK Sadri. *6Eastern Oriya ORY N.S.R. Ganathe 1976. R, V, A. Bengali BNG William Radice 1994. R, V, A. A also d. Southwestern, Siripuriā, Eastern, Cachar, Chittagong, Chākmā. Can't find a few of these in V but no langs. in V or R are missing. Assamese ASM Upendranath Goswami, An Intro to ~ 1978. R, A, V d.Bengali. Mayang Dalby (=Bishnupriya Manipuri); rel. Bengali. Not in V or R. *Elamite Elamite+ XLM JD. R in Dravidian; V says unaffiliated. #drav *Dravidian Proto-Dravidian+ Kamil Zvelebil, <i>Sketch of compar Dravidian morphology</i> 1977. **Northwest Brahui BRH Josef Elfenbein in Sanford Steever, The Dravidian lgs 1998. A, R, V. **Northeast · •Kurukh KVN Dalby. A, R, V. Malto MJT Sanford Steever 1998. A, R, V, Eth Sauria Paharia. **Central *3Kolami-Parji →Kolami KFB P.S. Subrahmanyam in Sanford Steever 1998 (1-6 only. These are f. forms— m. and n. have Telugu borrowings). A, R, V. Also Jarel (#7-10). Eth E KFB, S NIT. →Naiki NIT S. Bhattacharya 1961 (1-4 only— rest from Marathi) R, Eth SE Kolami. →Parji PCI JD (1-6 only) R, Eth Duruwa. →Gadaba GDB JD (1-6, 10 only) R. *3Telugu Telugu TCW P.S. Subrahmanyam 1974. A, R, V. »Savara SVR *3Gondi-Kui · •Gondi GON Dalby. A, R, V, Eth south is SGO. Koya KFF JD. R. →Konda KFC Bh. Krishnamurti and Brett A. Benham in Sanford Steever 1998 (1-7 only; others Indic). R. →Manda MHA T. Burrow and M.B. Emeneau, A Dravidian Etym Dict Supplement 1968 (JD: 1,2,4,5 only). R. Pengo PEG JD. R. →Kui KXU A, R, V. Kuvi KXV JD. R. **South *3Tulu · •Tulu TCY Dalby. A, R, V. »Bellari BRW Eth →Koraga KFD JD (missing #8,9). R, Eth Korra KFD, Mudu VMD. *3Tamil-Kannada Kannada KJV Omniglot. A, R, V. Badaga BFQ Paul Hockings, Christiane Pilot-Raichoor 1992. A/V d.Kannada, R. →Kodagu KFA A, R, V. Kurumba KFI JD. R. Toda TCX Murray Emeneau, ~ gram and texts 1984 A, R, V 800. →•Kota KFE A, R, V 900. Malayalam MJS Vidvan C.L. Meenakshi Amma 1976. A, R, V. Tamil TCV Omniglot. A 3 d., R, V. Vernacular Richard Crane (notes that above are from literary lg). →Irula IRU A/V d.Tamil, R. *Nahali Nahali NHL Franciscus Bernardus Jacobus Kuiper, ~: a compar study 1962. R, V. *Burushashki Hunza BSK Bertil Tikkanen. Eth Burushaski. Tasin Dick Grune #afro *Afro-Asiatic 320 **Semitic Proto-Semitic+ Woodard 2004 *3East Akkadian+ XAK Woodard 2004 *3Central *4Arabic Arabic ABV →Kashka-Darya (Central Asia) AUZ Ivan Derzhanski (1-4 only). Saudi ARS Margaret K. Omar 1975 Yemeni ACQ JD Syrian APC Mark W. Cowell 1964 Palestinian (not in list) JD. V. close to Syrian. JD also has Gulf and Bahrain. Lebanese JD. He also has a ‘Levantine’ that’s closer to Egyptian. Cypriot Maronite ACY JD Iraqi ACM Merrill Y Van Wagoner 1949 Egyptian ARZ Hilmi M. Aboul-Fetouh, <i>A morphological study of ~ Colloquial Arabic</i> 1969. E Libyan AYL JD. Algerian (Darja) ARQ Lameen Souag, web. Sudanese APD JD. Moroccan ARY Richard S. Hamell 1962 Zanzibari/Ormani ACX JD Nigerian SHU Alan S. Kaye, <i>A Dict of ~ Arabic</i> 1982. Maltese MLS Dadanitic+ Woodard 2004 (=Old North Arabian) *4Canaanite Phoenician+ Campbell 1991 Ugaritic+ UGR Woodard 2004. R. →Moabite+ OBM JD (some missing). R. Classical Hebrew+ HBO Henry Churchyard. Modern Hebrew HBR Campbell 1991 *4Aramaic +Biblical BYA Franz Rosenthal, <i>A Gram of ~ Aramaic</i> 1961, Alger F. Johns <i>A Short Gram of ~ Aramaic</i> 1972 +Jewish Babylonian C. Levias <i>A Gram of the Aramaic Idiom contained in the Babylonian Talmud</i> 1898 +Jewish Palestinian William B. Stevenson <i> Gram of Palestinian Jewish Aramaic</i> 1999 +Samaritan Rudolf Macuch <i>Grammatik des Samaritanischen Aramäisch</i> 1982 +Classical Syriac SYC Takamitsu Muraoka <i>~: A Basic Gram</i> 1997 +Classical Mandaic Rudolf Macuch, <i>Handbook of Classical and Modern Mandaic </i>1965 NE Neo-Aramaic (Christian Urmi) AII Theodor Nöldeke <i>Grammatik der Neusyrischen Sprache</i> 1868, by D.T. Stoddard <i> Gram of the Modern Syriac Lg</i>1855. Formerly called Syriac. Eth Assyrian Neo-Aramaic. Jewish Urmi Geoffrey Khan <i>The Jewish Neo-Aramaic d. of Urmi </i>2008. Alqosh CLD Eleanor Coghill <i>The Neo-Aramaic d. of Alqosh </i>2003 Amədya Jared Greenblatt <i>The Jewish Neo-Aramaic d. of Amədya </i>2011 Barwar Geoffrey Khan <i>The Neo-Aramaic d. of Barwar </i>2008 Bohtan BHN Samuel Ethan Fox <i>The Neo-Aramaic d. of Bohtan </i>2009 Challa Steven E. Fassberg <i>The Jewish Neo-Aramaic d. of Challa </i>2010 Van AII Ivan Derzhanski (missing #8,9) Western (Ma’lula) BYA M. Parisot <i>Le Dialecte de Maʿlula</i>1898 Ahvaz MID Macuch (same as Classical Mandaic) *3South Old South Arabian+ XSA Woodard 2004. R. South Arabian R. Harsusi HSS JD =Harsusi. Also have the very similar Mehri. Sheri SHV JD. Socotri SQT JD. *4N Ethiopic Ge’ez+ GEE Bender, Fulass, Cowley 1976. R, V. Tigre TIE Campbell 1991. R, V. Beni Amer C.M.Watson 1888; d. spoken by the Beja. Tigrinya TGN Campbell 1991. R, V, Eth Tigrigna. *4S Ethiopic Amharic AMH Grover Hudson 1989. R, V. Argobba AGJ JD. R, V d. Amharic. Harari HAR JD. R, V d. East Gurage. East Gurage GRE JD (3 d.: Selti (shown), Wolane, Zway). R, V. Gafat+ GFT JD. R, V. Soddo GRU Robert Hetzron, The Gunnän-Gurage lgs 1977. V, R. Goggot Robert Hetzron 1977. V Gogot, R. Muher GUY JD. R, V. Eth d. GUY West Gurage. Masqan JD. R, V d. Peripheral West Gurage, Eth d. GUY. Central West Gurage Wolf Leslau, Ethiopic documents: Gurage 1950; Chaha d. V, R, Eth d. GUY. Jarel has Chaha and Ezha d., differing only in #10 and #7 (Leslau's #7 is closer to Jarel's Ezha!) Ennemor Robert Hetzron 1977. V and R as Peripheral West Gurage, Eth d. GUY. Ezha JD. V d. Peripheral West Gurage. Not interestingly diff. fr. others. **Egyptian Egyptian+ Woodard 2004 Coptic+ COP Woodard 2004 Bohairic Lance Eccles <i>Outline of Bohairic Coptic Morphology </i> Akhmimic Herbert Pierrepont Houghton <i>The Akhmîmic d. of Coptic, with a brief Glossary </i>1962 **Berber Proto-Berber+ F.A. and B.W.W. Dombrowski in Alan S. Kaye 1991. I have another version, with more vowels, from Karl-G. Prase 1974. *3Guanche Guanche+ GNC R, V. Gran Canaria. JD Tenerife. JD. *3East Numidian »East Numidian (Old Libyan) *3Tuareg Tamahaq (Ahaggar) THV Jean-Marie Cortade, Lexique français-touareg; dialecte de l'Ahaggar 1967 =Ahaggar d. Jarel has this too, as Hoggar d. Tamahaq; but his #2 = sin. Ahaggar d. Tuareg, R Tamahaq. Prase 1974 confirms that Ahaggar and Ghat speak Tamahaq and provides another Ahaggar. Ghat JD. (Libya on S border w Algeria). Tamazheq TTQ JD = Ioullemmeden d. V d. Tuareg, R Tamazheg. Prasse confirms that these dudes speak Tamažeq and mentions l’Ayvr— prob. Aïr in Niger. · Tamasheq TAQ Dalby: = ~ of Tayart (Aïr). Prasse’s Tamašeq. JD also has 3 #'s from ~ of Adrar. Jarel also has Kel-Ouï and Sergou, which we can’t identify. [mail 11-18-98] *3Western · Zenaga ZEN JD. R, V. *3Northern Chenoua CHB Lameen Souag. Eth, not in R. *4Atlas Tashelhit (Shilha) SHI Robert Aspinion, Apprenons le berbère 1953. R, V, C Shluh, Eth Tachelhit. Baamarani (Ifni) Esteban Ibañez, Dicc Esp-~ 1954. Tamazight TZM Paul Bisson, Leœons de berbère tamazight, dialecte des Aït Ndhir (Aït Nâaman) 1940. V one language, R has 3. Figuig F. Maarten and G. Kossmann, Grammaire du parler berbère de ~ 1997. Geographically seems to fit here. Ait Mgild Have this from Jeanette Harries 1974. *4Kabyle Kabyle KYL J.-M.Dallet, Dictionnaire kabyle-franœais : parler des At Mangellat, Algérie 1985. R, V. Non-Arabic 1-2 are from JD. *4Zenati Ait Seghrushen Fernand Bentolila, Grammaire fonctionnelle d’un parler berbère 1981. It’s just a guess where to put this. Shawiya SHY JD. R, Eth Chaouia. »Tidikelt TIA →Tuat GRR Basset, "Notes de Lexicographie Berbère", J Asiatique 1887 (1-2 only; rest are Arabic; via Lameen Souag). R, Eth d. Taznatit GRR. Tarifit (Riff) RIF Ramón Menéndez Pidal 1944. R, V Senhayi SJR Esteban Ibañez, Diccionario español-senhayi (dialecto beraber de Senhaya de Srair) 1959 =Senhayi. →Ghmara GHO JD (1-2, 7 only). R, Eth Ghomara. »Tlemcen Not in Eth »Sheliff Basin Not in Eth *5Mzab-Wargla →Gurara Basset, "Notes de Lexicographie Berbère", J Asiatique 1887 (1-3 only; rest are Arabic; via Lameen Souag). R, Eth d. Taznatit. Mzab MZB René Basset 1893. R, V, Eth Tumzabt. Wargla OUA S.Biarnay 1908 =Ouargla. R, V Ouargla, Eth Tagargrent. Ghardaia JD. R, Eth alt. or d. Mzab »Tugurt TJO Eth Temacine Tamazight *5East Zenati »Tmagurt Eth d. next »Sened SDS Jerba JBN JD. R, Eth »Tamezret Eth d. prev. »Taujjit Not in Eth »Zwara Eth d. Jerba →Nefusi JD (missing #8,9). R, Eth Nafusi *3Eastern →Siwa SIZ W.Seymour Walker, Siwi language 1921. R, V. Ghadames GHA J.Lanfry, Ghadamès : étude linguistique et ethnographique 1968. R, V. »Awjila AUJ »Sokna SWN **Omotic 322 *3South. Hamar AMF JD. R. Banna Ch (Jarel says it’s Banna d) Ari AIZ Richard J. Hayward in Hayward, <i>Omotic Lg Studies</i> 1990. R. Dime DIM Harold Fleming in Hayward 1990. R. *3North *4Dizoid Dizi MDX Edward J.Allan in Bender, <i>The Non-Semitic Lgs of Ethiopia</i> 1976. R. »Dorsha Eth d. next. Shako SHE JD. R. Nao NOZ JD. R. *4Mao. Hozo HOZ M. Lionel Bender 1983 (#1-5 only); others from Ralph Siebert, Klaus and Charlotte Wedekind, <i>Third SLLE Survey on Lgs of the Begi/Asosa Area </i>SIL 2002. R. Sezo SZE M. Lionel Bender 1983 (#1-5 only); others from Siebert and Wedekind 2002 . R, Eth Seze →Bambeshi MYF M. Lionel Bender 1983 (#1-5 only). R, Eth Bambassi »Ganza GZA *4Gonga Kafa KBR JD. R, Eth Kaficho Mocha MOY Wolf Leslau, <i>A Dict of Mocha</i> 1959 (prime for stress → accent). R, Eth Shakacho »Bosha eth d. Kafa Anfillo MYO JD. R. »Naga Not in Eth »Guba Eth d. next. Shinasha (Boro) BWO Franz Rottland in Hayward 1990. R. Amuru K. Wedekind, <i>Socioling survey report on the Amaru area of Ethiopia </i>SIL<i> </i>2002 (1-3, 5 only). R, Eth d. prev. *4Gimojan Janjero (Yemsa) JNJ Klaus Wedekind in Hayward 1990. R. »Fuga Eth d. prev. Bencho (Gimira) NCQ Mary J. Breeze in Hayward 1990. R. She JD. R. Chara CRA JD. R. Basketo BST Eugene S.L. Chan. R. Makle MDY JD. R. →Oyda OYD JD (1-3 only). R. Walamo (Ometo) WBC Grover Hudson in Bender 1976 =Welamo; #9-10 from Jarel. R Ometo; V. Kullo GMO Edward J.Allan in Bender 1976. V d.Walamo. Zayse ZAY Richard J. Hayward in Hayward 1990. R, Eth ~-Zergulla Zergulla Ralph Siebert and Lydia Hoeft, <i>Socioling Survey Report of the Lgs of the Abbaya/Chamo Area of Ethiopia Part I</i> SIL 2002. R, Eth d. prev. Ganjule Siebert and Hoeft 2002. R, Eth d. Kachama-~. →Gidiccho BSW JD (1-3 only). R, Eth could be BSW or KCX or KQY Gatsame KCX JD. R. Koyra KQY JD. R, Eth Koorete. **Cushitic *3Beja Beja BEI Richard Hudson in Bender 1976. V, R, Eth Bedawi. Variants: Leo Reinisch 1895, C.M.Watson 1888. V Handendowa (main) d.Beja. *3Cushitic Proper *4Central Cushitic Awngi AWN JD. R. Xamir XAN JD (also has Xamtanga wh. V sez = Xamir!). R, Eth Xamtanga. Kemant (Falasha) QIM JD (also has different sets Kemant, Falasha, Quara, Kaandiuml;liña... V sez some of these are the same!). R, Eth W Agaw. Bilin BYN Kifle Hamde on web =Blin. V, R, Eth Bilen. Xamta JD. R, V d. Khamir, Eth alt. Xamir. *4Eastern Cushitic *5Highland Proto-Highland East Cushitic+ Grover Hudson, <i>Highland East Cushitic dictionary</i> 1989. Burji BJI Grover Hudson 1989. R. Gedeo DRS Grover Hudson 1989. R. Hadiyya HDY Grover Hudson 1989. R. Kambata HDY Grover Hudson 1989. R. Sidamo SID Grover Hudson 1989. R. *5Yaakuan-Dullay Yaaku MUU JD. R. »Harso Eth d. next. »Gawwada GWD Birale BXE Harold Fleming et al., <i>Jnl of Afro-Asiatic Lgs </i>1992.<i> </i> R. Tsamay TSB R.J. Hayward in <i>Jnl of Afro-Asiatic Lgs </i>1989 =S'aamakko. Described as a new Dullay lg; but Tsamako is an old name for Tsamay. I also have Tsamay from M. Lionel Bender 1983 (#1-5 only); it's v. similar. R, V. *5Lowland Afar AFR Loren F. Bliese 1981. His ' turned into accents. R. Saho SSY JD. R. Dasenech DSH Hans-Jürgen Sasse in Bender 1976. R, Eth Daasanach. Elmolo+ ELO JD. R. Arbore ARV Dick Hayward, <i>The ~ Lg </i>1984. R. Bayso BSW Ralph Siebert and Lydia Hoeft, <i>Socioling Survey Report of the Lgs of the Abbaya/Chamo Area of Ethiopia Part I</i> SIL 2002. R. Rendille REL JD. R. Somali SOM Campbell 1991 . R. Tunni TQQ Mauro Tosco, <i>Af ~ </i>1997 (JD). V d. Somali. Aweer BOB JD. R, Eth Boni. Oromo (Galla) GAZ Grover Hudson 1989. R, V Galla, Eth W-C. Oromo Borana GAX Bartolomeo Venturino 1976. V d.Galla, Eth ~-Arsi-Guji →Bussa DOX Klaus Wedekin, “Socioling survey report of the lgs of the Swawada (Dullay), Diraasha (Gidole), Muusiye (Buusa) Areas”, <i>SIL Electr Survey Reports </i>2002 (no #9). Eth DOX (w Dullay). →Gidole GDL Wedekin 2002 (no #9). R, Eth Dirasha. Konso KXC Eugene S.L. Chan. R, Eth Komso. *4Southern Cushitic. Dahalo DAL NU libes (5-10 from JD). R. Ma'a MHD Derek Elderkin in Bender 1976. R, Eth Mbugu. →Asa AAS JD (#1-5). R, Eth Aasáx. →Kw'adza WKA JD (#1, 3-5, 9-10). R. Iraqw IRK Maarten Mous 1993. R. →Alagwa WBJ JD (missing 7, 8). R, Eth Wasi. →Burunge BDS JD (missing 7, 8). R. **Chadic 320 *3Masa Masa MCN Kraft 1981 =Massa. R, V, Eth Masana. →Zime JD (1-5,10 only). R, Eth alt. LME Pevé or HED Herdé or NNN Ngeté! Lame LME Kraft 1981. V sis. Masa, not in R, Eth d. Pevé Mesme ZIM Kraft 1981 =Misme. R, not in V. »Marba MPG »Musey MSE *3East *4Group A Somrai SOR JD. R. Tumak TMC JD. R. Ndam NDM JD. R. Sarwa SWY JD. R. »Gadang GDK »Mod Eth d. Tumak Miltu MLJ JD. R. Nancere NNC Carl Hoffman, <i>J W Afr Lgs </i>1971. R. Lele LLN Carl Hoffman, <i>J W Afr Lgs </i>1971. R. Gabri GAB JD =Tshire. R, V = Gabri Kabalai KVF JD. R. Kera KER JD. R. »Kwang *4Group B Mokulu (Mokilko) MOZ Hermann Jungraithmayr 1990 =Mokilko. R; Eth Mukulu. →Dangla DAA JD (1-5,10 only). R, Eth Dangaléat Migama MMY Hermann Jungraithmayr and Abakar Adams 1992. R, Eth Migaama. »Mahwa MCW Eth Mawa →Jegu JEU JD (1-5,10 only). R, Eth JEU Jonkar Bourmataguil (or maybe d. next) Mogum MOU Eric Johnson and Cameron Hamson, “Mabire: a dying lg of Chad”, <i>SIL Electr Survey Reports </i>2002. Eth MOU Bidiyo BID Khalil Alio and Hermann Jungraithmayr 1989 =Bidiya. R, V 'Bidyo. Mubi MUB JD. R. »Masmaje MES »Kajakse CKQ »Kujarge VKJ »Toram TRJ Sokoro SOK JD =Bendaga d. R. Barain BWA JD. R, Eth Barein »Saba SAA *3Biu-Mandara *4Group A *5Tera Tera TER K Paul Newman 1967. R. Jara JAF C.K. Meek, <i>Tribal Studies in Northern Nigeria </i>1931 (JD). R. Ga'anda GAA Kraft 1981 =Gaʔanda. R, V. Gabin Kraft 1981 =Gaʔanda. V =Ga'anda. Pidhimdi Kraft 1981. V prob.= Pilimdi =Hina, not in R. Hona HWO Kraft 1981 =Hwona. R, V d.Tera, Eth Hwana *5Bura-Higi Bura BUR Kraft 1981. R. Chibak CKL Kraft 1981. R. Putai MFL Kraft 1981 (JD). R. Margi MAR Carl Hoffman 1963. R. Kilba KIR K Jerry A. Grieve 1973. R, Eth Huba. Higi HIG Kraft 1981 (5 d.). R, Eth Kamwe. Bana BCW JD. R. Fali Kiria Kraft 1981 =Fali Kiria. V Fali of Kiria w Higi; not in R, Eth d. Higi Fali Jilbu ZIZ Kraft 1981 =Fali Jilbu. V Fali of Yilbu w Higi; not in R, Eth Zizilivakan *5Mandara-Matakam. Sukur SUK JD (6-9 are from Meek 1976). R. Lamang HIA Ekkehard Wolff, <i>A Gram of the ~ Lg</i> 1983. R. Hidé TUR Paul Kazuhisa Eguchi, <i>Matériaux pour servir à l'étude de la lg ~ </i>1971. Not in R; Eth TUR sis. prev. Mandara MFI Kraft 1981. R, V. Also have this as Wandala, from Barth 1862. Eth Wandala Paduko PBI JD. R, Eth Parkwa Glavda GLV Kraft 1981 =G<sup>e</sup>l<sup>e</sup>vda. R, not in V. →Guduf GDF JD (1-5, 10 only). R. Dghwede DGH Kraft 1981 =Z<sup>e</sup>ghvana (Duxwide). R, not in V. Gvoko NGS JD. R. →Mafa MAF JD (1-5, 10 only). R. Matakam (Mofu) Kraft 1981 =Matakam. R Mofu, V Matakam, Eth alt. Mafa. Gisiga GIZ JD. R, Eth S GIZ, N GIS Mada MXU JD. R. Hurza MLR JD. R, Eth d. MLR Pelasla. Muktele MFH JD. R. *5Daba Daba DAB K Kraft 1981. R. Gawar GOU JD. R, Eth Gavar. Hina HNA JD. R. Eth Mina. *5Bata Gudu GDU Kraft 1981. R, V. Bata BTA JD. R. Gude GDE Kraft 1981. R. Nzangi NJA Kraft 1981 =Njanye. R, V Njai, Eth Nyanyi Bacama BAM Kraft 1981 =Bacama. Not in R, V Bachama w Bata *4Group B Musgu MUG JD. R. Mbara MPK Henry Tourneux, Christian Seignobos, Francine Laforge 1986. Not in V or R. Gidar GID JD. R. Buduma BDM JD. R. →Logone KOT Bartg 1862. R, V d.Kotoko, Eth Lagwan d. prev. Kotoko AAL JD: 3 d.: Affade, Mackeri, Nghala. R, V Afade, Makari, Ngala *3West *4Group A *5Hausa Hausa HUA Roxana Ma Newman 1990. R, V. Gwandara GWN Shuji Matsushita (Karshi d.-- he has all d.s). R, V. Nimbia Shuji Matsushita d. Gwandara. Duodecimal. *5Bole-Tangale Karekare KAI Kraft 1981. R. Bole BOL Kraft 1981. R. Bele BXQ Russell G. Schuh, <i>Marburger Studien Zur Afrika und Asienkunde 13, </i>1978 (JD). R, Eth Beele. Ngamo NBH Kraft 1981. R. Maha MEW Paul Newman, <i>J W Afr Lgs</i> 1965. R, Eth Maaka. Kirfi KKS Schuh 1978 (JD). R, Eth Giiwo. »Deno DBB »Kubi KOF Galambu GLO Schuh 1978 (JD). R. Gera GEW Kraft 1981. R. Kanakuru KNA Kraft 1981 =Dera. R, V, Eth Dera. Tangale TAN Kraft 1981. R. Pero PIP Kraft 1981. R. »Kupto KPA Eth Kutto *5Angas →Gerk GEK JFJL Fitzpatrick in M =Gurka. R, Eth Yiwom. Angas ANC K D.A. Burquest 1973. R, Eth Ngas. Sura SUR Kraft 1981. R, Eth Mwaghavul Kofyar KWL JD. R. Chip CHP Kraft 1981. R, Eth Miship Ankwe (Goemai) ANK Kraft 1981. V, R Goemai. →Montol MTL JFJL Fitzpatrick in M. R. →Tal TAL JD (1-5, 10 only). R. »Pyapun PCW »Koenoem KCS *5Ron Fyer FIE Hermann Jungraithmayr, <i>Die Ron Sprachen </i>1970 (JD). R, not in V. Tambas TDK Jungraithmayr 1970 (JD). Not in R or V, but Eth says sis. Fyer. Ron (Bokkos and Daffo d.) CLA Jungraithmayr 1970 (JD) (also has Butura, v. close to Daffo). R, V. Sha SCW Jungraithmayr 1970 (JD). R, not in V. Mundat MMF JD. Not in R or V; Eth has in “Ron Proper” group. Kulere KUL Jungraithmayr 1970 (JD). R, not in V. »Karfa KBZ Eth Duhwa »Shagawu Eth d. Ron *4Group B *5Bade-Ngizim →Duwai DBP Koelle 1854 in M =Gurka. R. Bade BDE Kraft 1981. R. Ngizim NGI Kraft 1981. R. →Warji WJI JD (1-5, 10 only). R. Pa'a AFA JD. R. →Siri SIR JD (1-5, 10 only; underlines are under vertical marks). R. Diri DWA Kraft 1981 =Dira. R. →Jimbin JMB JD (1-5, 10 only). R, Eth Zumbun. Miya MKF Kraft 1981. R. →Mburku BBT JD (1-5, 10 only). R. →Kariya KIL JD (1-5, 10 only). R. →Tsagu TGD JD (1-5, 10 only). R. *5Zaar Boghom (Burma) BUX Kraft 1981 =Burma. R (and Eth) Boghom. Mangas MAH JD. R. Guruntum GRD JD. R. Ju JUU JD. R. Geji GEZ Kraft 1981. R. Dwot DOT Kraft 1981. Not in R or V, Eth Dass. Polchi POL Kraft 1981 =P<sup>e</sup>lci. R, Eth Polci. Buli Kraft 1981. Eth d. prev. Not in R. Seya (Zaar) SAY Kraft 1981 =Seya. Eth Saya. Zeem ZUA JD. R. »Barawa Eth alt. Dwot *Sumerian Sumerian SVM Woodard 2004 *Basque Ancient Basque+ Antonio Tolosa Basque BSQ Miguel Carrasquer Vidal. JD sez this is Guipuzcoa. Navarro-Labourdin Jarel-- just #2-4 differ. *Etruscan Etruscan+ ETT Woodard 2004. *Hurrian Hurrian+ XHU Woodard 2004. R. *Meroitic Meroitic+ XMR JD (sez #2 is only one attested). R. #cauc *Caucasian **Northwest Ubykh UBY Georges Charachidze in B. George Hewitt 1989. R Ubyx. Abkhaz ABK B. George Hewitt in B. George Hewitt 1989. R Abxaz. Abaza ABQ Ketevan Lomtatidze and Rauf Klychev in B. George Hewitt 1989; #5 is from JD. R. Kabard-Cherkes KAB Ketevan Lomtatidze and Rauf Klychev in B. George Hewitt 1989. R Kabardian. Adygh ADY Catherine Paris in B. George Hewitt 1989. R, Eth Adyghe. **Northeast *3Nakh Proto-Nakh+ Sergei Starostin. R. Chechen CJC Campbell. R. Ingush INH Johanna Nichols 1996, web. R. Bats BBL Sergei Starostin. R. *3Dagestanian *4Avaro-Andi-Dido Avar AVR Sergei Starostin. R. Andi ANI Sergei Starostin. R. Botlix BPH JD. R, Eth Botlikh. Godoberi GDO JD. R, Eth Ghodoberi. Chamalal CJI Sergei Starostin; = Jarel's Gakvari d.; Jarel also has Gigatl d. R, V, Eth Chamalal Bagulal KVA Sergei Starostin. R, Eth Bagvalal. Tindi TIN Sergei Starostin. R. Karata KPT Sergei Starostin. R. Axvax AKV Sergei Starostin. R, Eth Akhvakh. Xvarshi KHV Sergei Starostin (2 d.). R, Eth Khvarshi. Dido (Tsezi) DDO JD; spelling corrected to match Starostin. R. Hinux GIN JD; spelling corrected to match Starostin. R, Eth Hinukh Bezhta KAP Sergei Starostin. R. Hunzib HUZ JD; spelling corrected to match Starostin. R. *4Lak-Dargwa Lak LBE Campbell 1991; also L.I. Zhirkov 1955 (matches, but it's in Cyrillic). R. Dargwa DAR Sergei Starostin (2 d.). R. *4Lezgian Archi ARC Sergei Starostin. R. Xinalug KJJ JD. R, Eth Khinalugh Lezgian LEZ Martin Haspelmath 1993; orthog modified to match Starostin. R/Eth Lezgi. Tabasaran TAB JD. R, Eth Tabassaran. Agul AGX Sergei Starostin. R, Eth Aghul. Rutul RUT Sergei Starostin. R. Tsaxur TKR Sergei Starostin. R, Eth Tsakhur. Kryts KRY Sergei Starostin. R. Budux BDK JD. R, Eth Budukh. Udi UDI sci.lang; spelling corrected to match Starostin. R. *Kartvelian Georgian GEO Howard I. Aronson in Alice C. Harris 1991. R. The Harris volume (<i>The Indigenous Lgs of the Caucasus</i>) also has Old Georgian but only #6, 8, 9 are different. R. Mingrelian XMF Campbell 1991. R. Svan SVA Karl Horst Schmidt in Alice C. Harris 1991, with v for his w and o: for o: in the manner of Campbell 1991. R. Laz LZZ Dee Ann Holisky in Alice C. Harris 1991. R. #nilo *Nilo-Saharan **East Sudanic *3Eastern *4Nubian Old Nubian+ ONW Gerald M. Browne 1989 (#9 from Helmut Satzinger). Not in R or V. Meidob MEI Robin Thelwall in M.L. Bender 1983. R, Eth Midob. Birgid BRK JD (looks old). R, Eth Birked. Debri DIL Robin E.W. Thelwall, "Lexicostatistical Relations between Nubian, Daju, and Dinka", in <i>Etudes Nubiennes </i>1978 (JD). R, Eth d. Dilling. Dongolawi KNZ JD. R. JD also has a Kenzi-Doungoulawi; Eth Kenzi-Dongola. Mahas FIA Yusuf Simbaj, <i>al-Qamus al-Nubi </i>1998 (JD) =Fadiga-Meahus. Campbell's "Nubian" is Mahas. Eth Fiyadikka d. Nobiin. *4Surma Mursi MUZ David Turton and M.L.Bender in Bender 1976. V Murzu, not in R. Murle MUR R.E. Lyth 1971. V, R. Bale KOE Moges Yigezu and Gerrit J. Dimmendaal in Dimmendaal and Marco Last, <i>Surmic Lgs and Cultures </i>1998 (JD). R, Eth d. KOE Kacipo-Balesi. »Zilmamu Eth d. prev. Majang MPE JD. R. Shabo SBF JD. R. R has Mikeyir in index but not list, and Peter Unseth of SIL says they're the same thing. Kwegu YID Osamu Hieda in Dimmendaal and Last 1998 (JD; see Bale). R. Suri SUQ Deborah Lucassen in Dimmendaal and Last 1998 (JD). R. Me'en MYM JD. R. *4Nera Nera NRB E. David Thompson in Bender 1976. R, Eth Nara. *4Eastern Gaam TBI Malik Agaar Ayre and M. Lionel Bender 1980. R. Aka SOH E.E. Evans-Pritchard, “Ethnological Observations in Dar Fung”, in <i>Sudan Notes and Records</i> vol XV P.I. 1932 (JD). R. Kelo TSN Evans-Pritchard 1932 (JD). R. Molo ZMO Evans-Pritchard 1932 (JD). R. *3Western →Nyimang NYI JD (missing 9,10). R, Eth Ama. »Dinik AFT Eth Afitti »Ronge Eth Temein »Doni not in Eth »Dese not in Eth Merarit MGB JD. R, Eth Mararit. Tama TMA John T. Edgar 1989. R, V. Erenga John T. Edgar 1989. V d. Tama. »Sungor Eth d. SUN Assangori Miisiirii John T. Edgar 1989. Not in V or R; sim. to Tama and Erenga; Eth Jabaal d. Tama Shatt SHJ JD. R. Liguri LIU JD. R Eth Logorik. »Mongo Eth d. next. Sila DAU JD. R, Eth Sila Daju. Nyala DAJ JD. R Eth this and next dd. Dar Fur Daju. Lagawa JD. R. »Nyalgulgule NJL Eth Njalgulgule *3Nilotic *4Western *5Luo Shilluk SHK Diedrich Westermann, <i>A Short Gram of the ~ Lg </i>1910. R. Anuak ANU Marie Lusted in Bender 1976 =Anywa. V, R. »Jur LWO Eth Luwo »Thuri THU »Bor BXB Eth Belanda ~ Maban MFZ JD. R, Eth Mabaan. Burun BDI JD. R. »Labwor Eth d. Acholi below. »Lwo Eth one of Luo, Luwo, Acholi, ... »Adhola ADH Luo LUO R.L.Stafford 1967 Alur ALZ Joseph Ukoko, Jan Knappert, Marcel van Spaandonck, <i>Essai de Dict Dho Alur </i>1964. R. Lango LAJ Michael Noonan 1992. R. Akoli ACO P. Carlo Muratori, <i>Grammática Lotuxo</i> 1938 =Acoli. R/Eth Acholi, V. *5Dinka-Nuer Nuer NUS JD. R. »Atuot ATU Eth Reel →Dinka DIB Campbell 1991. V d. Padang. R fa (consisting of following 5); Eth fa. →Agar JD (1-3, 8 only). R Eth S Central Dinka. »Bor DIN Eth SE Dinka »Padang DIP Eth NE Dinka Rek DIK JD. R Eth SW Dinka. »Kumam KDI *4Eastern Bari BFA P. Carlo Muratori 1938. R, V. →Kakwa KEO JD (#1-5 only). R. Lotuxo LOT P. Carlo Muratori 1938. R, V Lotuho, Eth Otuho. Ongamo NSG JD. R, Eth d. NSG Ngasa. Maasai MET Campbell 1991. R. Turkana TUV Gerrit Jan Dimmendaal, <i>The ~ Lg </i>1983 (JD). R. Teso TEO Dalby. R. »Topotha TOQ Eth Toposa Karamojong KDJ P. Carlo Muratori 1938 =Karimojong. R, V. *4Southern Nandi A.C. Hollis 1909. R, Eth fa. Kipsikiis KLN JD. R, Eth Kipsigis d. KLN Kalenjin. Keiyo JD. R Eth d. prev. Tuken TUY JD. R, Eth N Tugen. Markweta ENB JD. R Eth ENB Endo or TLE Talai. Sapiny KPB JD. R Eth d. KPZ Kupsabiny. Kony SPY JD. R Eth Koony d. next. Pok JD. R, Eth Book d. SPY Sabaot. Ng'oma JD. R, not in Eth. Terik KLN JD. R Eth d. KLN Kalenjin. →Okiek OKI JD (missing #9). R. Pokot PKO P. José Flores 1982. V, R Pakot, Eth Pokoot. →Omotik OMT JD (missing 7, 9). R. Datooga TCC JD. R. *3Kuliak Ik IKX JD. R. So TEU Eithne Carlin 1993. R, Eth Soo. →Ngangea NYP JD (missing #7-9). R, Eth Nyang'i. **Central Sudanic *3West Kresh KRS JD (Also has Dongo d.). R, Also has Dongo d.Obaya. Aja AJA JD. R. Baka BDH Stefano Santandrea 1970. R, V. →Beli BLM JD (missing 6-9). R. Bongo BOT Stefano Santandrea 1970. R, V. →Morokodo MGC JD (missing 6-9). R. »Sinyar SYS →Vale VAE JD (missing #6-9). R. Gambai SBA JD. R, Eth Ngambay. Kaba KSP JD. R, Eth KSP or another Kaba. Kaba Dunjo KOJ JD. R, Eth Sara Dunjo. Mbai MYB JD. R, Eth Mbay. Sara SAR JD. R, Eth Sar if it's not a d. Gula. »Babalia BXV Eth Berakou Babahi JD. Not in R or V, unless it's Babalia which both have. Bagirmi BMI JD. R. »Fongoro FGR »Disa DIV »Gele Eth alt. Fongoro Gula KCM JD. R. Kenga KYQ JD. R. Kuka MNE JD. R, Eth d. MNE Naba. »Furu FUU Yulu YUL Stefano Santandrea 1970. R, V Yulu-Binga. Kara Stefano Santandrea 1970. R, V, Eth alt. Gula. *3East Moru MGD A.N. Tucker, <i>The Eastern Sudanic Lgs</i> 1940 (Miza d.; 4 others). R, V. Avukaya AVU A.N. Tucker 1940 (Ojila d.; also Ojiga). R, V, Eth Avokaya. Logo LOG A.N. Tucker 1940. R, V. Kaliko KBO A.N. Tucker 1940 =Keliko. R, V Käliko, Eth Keliko. Logbara LUG JD. R, V High Lugbara, Eth Logbara. Madi MHI A.N. Tucker 1940 (Lokai d.; 2 others). R, V Ma'di. Lendu Constance Kutsch Lojenga 1994 =Ngiti d. Lendu. R Balendru, V. Mangbetu MDJ JD. R. »Asua ASV Eth Asoa Mamvu MDI JD. R. Lese LES JD (a pygmy d.). V d. Mamvu-Efe. »Mangbutu MDK »Ndo NDP **Berta Berta WTI JD (4 d.; I'm skipping one). R. **Kunama Kunama KUM JD. R. **Komuz Gumuz (Bega) GUK JD (4 d.). R Bega, V Gumuz. →Anej GLE JD (old source). R, Eth Gule. Kwama Klaus and Charlotte Wedekind, <i>Socioling survey report on lgs of the Asosa - Begi - Komosha area part 2 </i> SIL 2002. R, V Koma. Madin Corfield 1938 (see below; JD). V d. Kwama, Eth alt. Komo. . Opo LGN F.D. Corfield, "The Koma", in <i>Sudan Notes and Records </i>vol XXI, 1938 (JD: this is Kusgilo; also has Buldiit). R, Eth Opuuo. Komo KOM Wedekind 2002. R, V Central Koma. →Twampa UDU JD (1-6, 10 only). R, Eth Uduk. **Saharan Kanuri Centre for the Study of Nigerian Languages, <i>The standard ~ orthography,</i> 1979; numbers 2, 6, 7 are from P.A.Benton 1917. R, Eth C ~. Kanembu KBL JD. R. Teda TUQ Barth 1862. V, not in R, Eth Tedaga. Zagawa ZAG JD. R, Eth Zaghawa. Berti JD. R. **Maban Maba MDE John T. Edgar 1991. R Mabang, V. Masalit MSA John T. Edgar 1989. R Mesalit, V. Aika John T. Edgar 1991. Not in V or R or Eth. Runga ROU JD. R. Kibet KIE John T. Edgar 1991. R, V w E Sudanic. Mimi (Gaudefroy) John T. Edgar 1991. R (has 2 of them), V. Mimi (Nachtigal) JD. R. **Songhai Songhai (Saharan) Mamadou SON Konare 1971. M (also gives Zaberma d.), V, Eth prob. Kayruboro Senni Songhay. Zarma DJE David Bellama 1976. V d. Songhai. Dendi DEM Petr Zima 1994. V d. Songhai. **Fur →Fur FUR V. »Biltine AMJ Eth Amdang *Khoisan Hadza HTS JD. R. Sandawe SBR Ryohei Kagaya 1993. R. Hietso, ≠'oxoku K.L. Baucom 1972. Not in V or R. Not in Eth. **Kwadi-Khoe »Kwadi KWZ R, Eth. *3Khoekhoe Nama NAQ Campbell 1991; also Damara d. (diff. orthog.) in Oxford U Press 1991. Korana (!Ora) KQZ J.A. Low in Vossen and Keuthmann, eds., <i>Contemporary Studies on Khoisan </i>1986 (JD); also C. Meinhof 1930. V, R !Ora. Dama JD. R, Eth alt. Nama. →Xiri+ XII JD (1-5 only). R. Hai.n//um HGM JD. R, Eth Hai//om. *3Tshu-Khwe G//abake HIE JD. R, Eth alt. next. »Kwee Eth Hietshwane »Ganade GNE Eth Ganádi »Shua SHG »Danisin Eth d. prev. »Deti DET »Buka »Handa HNH Eth /Anda Xû XUU JD. R, Eth Kxoe. G//ana GNK Jiro Tanaka 1978. R, Eth //Gana Nharo Alan Bernard 1985. V Naron, R Naron, Eth Nar. G/wi GWJ Jiro Tanaka 1978 »G//ani not in Eth »N/hain.tse Eth d. Naro **Tuu !Xóõ (≠Hua) NMN Anthony Traill 1984 Nlu d. N||ng. Collins & Namaseb, <i>A Gram Sketch of Nluuki<i> ǂUngkue Meinhof, <i>Versuch einer Gram Skizze einer Buchmannsprache</i> »!ô Eth poss. HUC /Hua »N/amani Eth alt. Ng/amai d. !xóõ //Ng.!'e Dorothea F. Bleek, <i>A Bushman Dict </i>1956 (JD). R. N/huki NGH Bleek 1956 (JD). R, Eth N/u. //Xekwi XEG Bleek 1956 (JD). R, Eth //Xegwi. //Xam+ XAM Bleek 1956 (JD). R, Eth /Xam. **Kx’a !Kung KNW Campbell 1991. R Qxû, V Kung, Eth Kung-Ekoka. Zhu|'hõasi KTZ J.W. Snyman 1980. #4 from Patrick Dickens <i>Dict </i>1994. V Dz,u/'oãsi d. !Kung, Eth Ju/'hoan ≠Au.//eî AUE JD. R, Eth /Kx'au//'ein. »Sekele MJW R Maligo »Ekoka R, Eth alt !Kung. ǂHȍã, Sàsì Collins & Gruber <i>A Gram of ǂHȍã </i> 2014. *NILO Kordofanian 302 **Kadugli »Tulishi TEY »Keiga KEC »Kanga KCP →Miri KAT JD (old source). R, Eth d. next. →Kadugli JD (old source). R, Eth d. KAT Katcha-~-Miri. Katcha Roland Stevenson, on web. R, Eth d. prev. »Tumma TBQ Krongo KGO Mechthild Reh 1985. R. Tumtum TBR JD. R. **Kordofanian proper *3Katla Katla KCR JD. R. Tima TMS Meinhof 1915 (JD; see Tegali). R. *3Heiban Ko FUJ Thilo C. Schadeberg, <i>A Survey of Kordofanian</i> 1981. R. Warnang WRN Thilo C. Schadeberg 1981. R. Rere KIB Thilo C. Schadeberg 1981. R, Eth Koalib. Utoro OTR Thilo C. Schadeberg 1981. R, Eth Otoro. Logol LOF Thilo C. Schadeberg 1981. R. Ebang HEB Thilo C. Schadeberg 1981. R, Eth Heiban. Laru LRO Thilo C. Schadeberg 1981. R, Eth Laro. Shirumba SHW Thilo C. Schadeberg 1981. R, Eth Shwai. Tiro TIR Thilo C. Schadeberg 1981. R, Eth Tira. Moro MOR Thilo C. Schadeberg 1981. R. *3Talodi Tegem Thilo C. Schadeberg 1981 (v2). R, Eth d. next. Lafofa LAF Thilo C. Schadeberg 1981 (v2). V; not in R. Nding ELI Thilo C. Schadeberg 1981 (v2). R. →Jomang TLC Thilo C. Schadeberg 1981 (v2) (1-3 only). R, Eth Talodi. Tocho TAZ Thilo C. Schadeberg 1981 (v2). R. Ngile MAS Thilo C. Schadeberg 1981 (v2). R. →Dengebu DEC Thilo C. Schadeberg 1981 (v2) (1-5 only). R, Eth Dagik. *3Rashad Tegali RAS Carl Meinhof, "Sprachstudien im egyptischen Sudan", in <i>Zeitschift für Kolonialsprachen </i>vol. 5-6, 1915-6 (JD). R. Tagoi TAG Meinhof 1915 (JD). R. »Tingal TIG »Tukum Eth d. Tagoi »Turum Eth d. Tagoi #niger *Niger-Congo **Mande *3Bobo-Fing →Sya BWQ Frederick W.H.Migeod 1911. V, R Bobo-Fing, Eth BBO N Bobo Mandaré, BWQ S Bobo Mandaré-- Sya is given as a d. both! *3Northern Soninke SNN Christian Girier, <i>Enseignement du ~, </i>n.d. (1970s). M, V, R. →Bozo BOZ Frederick W.H.Migeod 1911 . M, V d.Soninke, R. Eth one of BZE Sorogama ~, BOO Tièma Cièwè ~, BOZ Tiéyaxo ~, BZX Hainyaxo ~. →Susu SUD Frederick W.H.Migeod 1911 . M, V, R. →Yalunka YAL JD (#1-5 only; #6-10 from M). R. →Ligbi LIG Frederick W.H.Migeod 1911 . M, V, R. Numu (Huela) K Andrew and Janet Persson =Ligbi Brawhani d. M Numu, V Numu d.Huela, R Numu. Perssons say Ligbi, Wela, Numu are a single lg. Eth saya Huela is a d. Ligbi and Numu is a lg of blacksmiths. →Kono KNO Frederick W.H.Migeod 1911 . M Konno, V, R. Vai VAI William E. Welmers 1976. M, V, R. Mandinka MNK Denis Creissels, <i>Élements de Gram de la Lg ~ </i>1983. R. Xasonke KAO JD. R, Eth Xaasongaxango. Malinke MLQ JD (2 d). M, V Malinka, R Maninka or Mandinka, Eth W Maninkankan. I also have this from Ebrima S.Y. Colley 1995, but without tones. Bambara BRA Campbell 1991 . M, V, Eth Bamanankan. Dyula DYU C. Braconnier, M.J. Derive, <i>Petit Dict</i> <i>Dioula </i>1978. M, V, R, Eth Jula. *3Southwestern Loko LOK Gordon Innes, <i>Afr Lg studies </i>1961. M Lokko, V, R. Loma LOM M Buzi, V, R. Kpelle KPE Campbell 1991 (#8-9 from JD). M =? Kpwesi, V, R. Eth KPE Liberia ~ (bigger), GKP Guinea ~. Mende MFY Richard A. Spears 1967. M, R, V. →Bandi GBA Frederick W.H.Migeod 1911 . M Gbandi, V d.Mende, R. *3Southern →Mano MEV V, M Gbele, R. Dan DAF K Eva Flik and Margrit Bolli 1973 =Yakouba. R. Gwio GOA M; prob. = Gio d. Dan in K and V. Almost identical to Gbele. Eth alt. Dan. Kweni GOA Jean-Paul Benoist 1968 =Gouro. M, V, R, Eth Guro. →Gbin GGU M; V Gban d.Kweni. Eth Gagu. Beng NHB Alma Gottlieb and M. Lynne Murphy, <i>~-Engl Dict</i> 1995. Also M Ngan. →Mwa MOA Frederick W.H.Migeod 1911 =Mwin, V, R, Eth Mwan. Nwa WAN K Philip L. Ravenhill 1974 =Wan. R, Eth Wan. Tura NEB K Thomas Bearth 1973 =Toura. R, V d. Kweni, Eth Toura. *3Eastern Bisa BIB K A.J. Naden 1973. R, Eth Bissa. Busa BQP JD. R. Samo (Toma) SBD JD (also has similar Kouy d.). V, R one of San or Sane, Eth S Samo. Sembla SOS André Prost 1971. V d. Samo wh. in R is divided into San and Sane, Eth Seeku. »San, Sane R, Eth both alt. Samo. **West Atlantic *3Bijago →Bijago BJG Frederick W.H.Migeod 1911. = Bisogo (Ankaras, Wun), V, R, Eth Bidyogo. *3Northern *4Senegal Fulani FUC K D.W. Arnott 1968 =Fula. M Fula (Western), V Ful, R Fula. Eth Pulaar. Maasina FUL Don Osborn. V Macina d. Fula. Eth Maasina d. Fulfulde. Serer SES K Walter J. Pichl 1973. M Sorer-si:n, V Sin d.Serer. R Serer, Eth ~-Sine. Wolof WOL Sierra Dem 1995. M, V. *4Cangin Falor FAP K Walter J. Pichl 1973. R, Eth Palor. Lehar CAE K Walter J. Pichl 1973. R. Ndut NDV K Walter J. Pichl 1973. R. Non SNF K Walter J. Pichl 1973. R, Eth Noon. Safan SAV K Walter J. Pichl 1973 =Safen. R, Eth Saafi-Saafi. *4Bak Balant BLE W.A.A. Wilson, <i>Afr Lg Studies </i>1961. R. Ganja BJT Geneviève N'Diaye-Correard, <i>Études Fca ou Balante </i>1970. R. Mankanya MAN Mirjana Trifkovich, <i>Le Mancagne </i>1969. V, R Mankan. Manjaku MFV António Carreira and João Basso Marques 1947. R, V, Eth Mandjak. →Papel PBO Koelle 1854 in M =Pepel. R. →Bayot BDA JD (missing 6-10). R. →Karon KRX Cowan 1953 (see Mantion). (missing 6-10). R. →Kwatay CWT JD (missing 6-8,10). R, Eth Kuwaataay. Diola DYO K J. David Sapir 1973. V, R, Eth Jola-Foguy. →Gusilay GSL JD (missing 6-8,10). R. *4E Senegal-Guinea-Bissau Badyara PBP K Gisèle Ducos 1974 =Pajade. R, V. →Banyun BAB Koelle 1854 in M. R, Eth BAB is biggest of three lgs. Bassari BSC Marie-Paule Ferry 1991. R. Bedik TNR Marie-Paule Ferry 1991. R, Eth Budik. Biafada BIF W.A.A. Wilson, <i>J of W Afr Lgs </i>XXIII.2 1993. V, R. →Kasanga CCJ W.A.A. Wilson, “Numeration in the lgs of Guiné,” <i>Africa </i>31, 1961 (PP; incomplete). R. →Kobiana KCJ Wilson 1961 (PP; incomplete). R. Konyagi COU Marie-Paule Ferry 1991. R, Eth Wamei. *4Mbulungish-Nalu »Baga Mboteni BGM R, Eth →Mbulungish MBV M =Baga-Fore. R, V. →Nalu NAJ HJ. V, R. *3Southern »Sua R, Eth Mansoanka →Limba LIA Frederick W.H.Migeod 1911 M, R, V. →Gola GOL Frederick W.H.Migeod 1911 M Gora, R, V. Baga Binari BCG JD (I used <i>e</i> <i>o</i> for his e/o with under dot). R. »Baga Koga BGO »Baga Maduri BMD »Baga Sitemu BSP »Baga Sobane BSV »Banta R, Eth d. Themne Landuma LAO M =Landuman. R. Temne TEJ David Dalby, <i>J W Afr Lgs </i>1966. M, R, V Temen (prob.a typo), Eth Themne Bom BMF Melinda Lamberty, <i>A Sociololing survey of Bum </i>2002. R, Eth N Bullom BUY K Walter J. Pichl 1973 =Mmani. Frederick W.H.Migeod 1911. M Bullom, V, R, Eth Bullom So S Bullom BUN K Walter J. Pichl 1973 =Sherbro. M Bullom (Sherbro), V, R, Eth Sherbro. Kisi KSS K Walter J. Pichl 1973 =Kissi. M, V, R. Eth one of KQS N (Guinea), KSS S (Liberia) Krim KRM K Walter J. Pichl 1973. R. **North Central *3Kru Aizi AHI Lynell Marchese, <i>Atlas linguistique kru </i>1983. R, Eth AHI (biggest of 3). Kuwaa BLH Marchese 1983. R, Eth Seme SIF André Prost 1964. R, Eth Siamou. *4Eastern →Bakwe BAK Frederick W.H.Migeod 1911 . M (Obwa, Obli, N.Kwati, Ba(nyua)), V. Hwane HWA M, V d.Bakwe, Eth Wané. Bete BET V, R 1 lg, Eth four as Bété. M has Bete of Gozrobwe plus Gibo. Banya (dd. of ~ in V) »Gagnoa Eth BTG »Kouya Eth KYF Guiberoua BET Marchese 1983. Daloa BEV Marchese 1983. Godie GOD K Lynell Marchese and Carol Gratrix, 1974. R, M Godye (4 d.), V Godye d. Bete Dida DIC Pierre Vogler, <i>Le parler Vata </i>1987. R, V d. Bete Yocoboué GUD Marchese 1983 = Dida of Lozoua. Not in R Neyo NEY Marchese 1983. M, V d.Bete, Eth Kwadya KWP M Kwadre or Kwadya, 3 d.; V d.Bete, Eth Kodia *4Western *5Bassa →Basa BAS Marchese 1983 (#1-5); rest M (2 unnamed dd.), V, Dewoin DEE Marchese 1983. R, M De, V De. Gbe GGB M, not in V or R, Eth Gbii. *5Grebo Oubi OUB Marchese 1983. Not in R, Eth Glio-Oubi Plapo KTJ M, V Plawi d. Bakwe, Eth ~ Krumen »Krumen PYE Pye Not in R, Eth PYE Tepowi TED K Keith Dawson 1973 =Kruman. M, V Tewi d. Grebo, Eth Krumen Tepo Grebo GRB Gordon Innes 1996; #8-10 from Marchese. M (3 unnamed d.), V, Eth has five: Gboloo GEC, N GRB biggest, S GRJ, C GRV, Barclayville GRY *5Klao Kru KRU Marchese 1983. V Kru-Krawi, M Krao (3 unnamed d.), Eth Klao KLU; R has Kru (= Eth alt. Klao), Klau, and Peripheral Klau (not in Eth or V). »Tajuason R, Eth Tajuasohn KRU *5Wee »Daho-Doo DAS, Glaro-Twabo GLR, Sapo KRN, W Wè WEC-- none in R →Konobo KQO Marchese 1983 (no #2,7,9). R, Eth E Krahn »W Krahn KRW Not in R, Guere GXX Marchese 1983. R, Eth S Wè Nyabwa NIA Marchese 1983. R Wobé WOB K Verena Hofer and Christa Link 1973. R, Eth N Wè *3Dogon Dogon DOG Toro So from Geneviève Calame-Griaule 1968 Tomo Kan Vadim Dyachkov <i>Gram of ~ Lg</i> Mombo Songho Kirill Prokhorov <i>A Gram of ~ d.</i> Tommo So Laura McPherson <i>A Gram of ~</d> all others Jeffrey Heath *3Gur (Voltaic) *4Bariba Bariba BBA André Prost 1979 =Baatonum. R, V Bargu. *4Kulango-Lorhon →Kulango KZC Frederick W.H.Migeod 1911 . M, V, R. Eth KZC Bondoukou ~ (bigger), NKU Bouna ~ Western Brong M. V has a Brong that's w Twi, but it's quite different-- M's W.Brong (he also has a Brong w Twi) is very close to Kulango. Not in Eth.) Lorhon LOR K Ingrid Person 1973. R, Eth Tèèn. *4Senufo-Tusya Tusya WIB André Prost 1964 (Toussiana d.). R, Eth S Toussian; also has N TSP. Senari SEQ André Prost 1964 (JD). R. →Palaka PLR Frederick W.H.Migeod 1911. V Palara, M Kpalakha, R. Nafana NFR K Dean and Carol Jordan 1975 =Nafaara. M, R, V Pantera, Eth Nafaanra »Tyeliri SEF R, Eth d. Cebaara »Tiefo TIQ »Kulele R, Eth d. SEF Karaboro KZA André Prost 1964 (Tenyer d.). R, Eth W; it also has E KAR. Viemo VIG André Prost 1979. R. Wara WBF André Prost 1968. R. Natioro NTI André Prost 1968. R. Suppire SPP Robert Carlson 1994 =Supyire. R, Eth Supyire. Mianka MYK JD. R, Eth d. MYK Mamara →Dyimini DYI Frederick W.H.Migeod 1911. =Gwimini, V, R, Eth Djimini Foro M, V Folo d.Dyimini, which is also R's name. Eth poss. Foolo d. prev. Bamana M, not in V or R. Similar to Foro. Eth Mamara (see Mianka). →Tagbana TGW Frederick W.H.Migeod 1911.=Takponin, V, R, Eth Tagwana. Tafile M, V/Eth Tafire d.Tagbana. *4Central *5Kurumfe-Oti-Volta Kurumfe KFZ Jarel? R, Eth Koromfé. Bwamu BOX John and Carol Berthelette, <i>Socioling Survey Report for the ~ Lg </i>2001. R *6Buli-Koma Buli BWU Franz Kroeger 1992 R. (Kanjarga. M, V Kanjago = Buli, Eth alt. prev.) »Koma KMA R, Eth Konni *6E Oti-Volta →Bieri BEH Gabriel Manessy, <i>Les Langues Oti-Volta </i>1975 (JD; missing several). R. Wama WWA <i>Listes Lexicales Gur </i>1983. R, Eth Waama →Tayari NTM Manessy 1975 (JD: missing #2, 8). R, Eth Nateni Tamari TBZ André Prost 1962 =Li Tãmari. R, V, Eth SOF Tamberma or TBZ Ditammari. »Nyende MBL R, Eth MBL *6W Oti-Volta →Notre BLY Manessy 1975 (JD: missing #2, 7). R, Eth Boulba. . Gurenne GUR Campbell 1991 R, V Nankanse, Eth alt. Frafra. Frafra K Robert Schaefer 1975. M, V. Not in R, but V suggests that it's a d.Gurenne. Mossi MHM Gaston Canu 1976 . C, V More, R More, M Moshi, Eth. Mòoré Gbanyã M d.Mossi, not in Eth. »Safalaba SAF R, Eth Safaliba Dagara DGA K E. Hall 1973 =Dagaare. V, M Dagarti (2 versions). Not in R, but V suggests it's a d.Dagara wh.is in R; Eth S. Dagaare Wala V d.Dagari, M. Birifo M; not in R; V d.Dagara; Eth BIV S. Birifor or BFO Malba Birifor Kusal KUS K David and Nancy Spratt 1973. R/Et Kusaal. »Kamara JMR →Talne Manessy 1975 (JD: missing several). R; Eth Talni d. Frafra. →Nabte Manessy 1975 (JD: missing several). R; Eth d. Frafra. Mampruli MAW Evangelina Arana Swadesh and Morris Swadesh 1967. M Mamprusi (2 ver.), V d. Dagbani, R Mampelle. Dagbani DAG K W.A.A. Wilson 1968. M Dagomba (2 ver.), C, R, V. Hanga HAG K Geoffrey and Rosemary Hunt 1975. R, V. *6Gurma-Yom Kasele AKS Togo Akaselem. (Also have from JD =Chamba.) V Tobote, R; Eth Akaselem. Basari BUD K Monica Cox 1973 =Bassari. Togo 3 var Bassar. V Tobote, R, Eth Ntcham. Konkomba KOS Togo, <i>Listes Lexicales du Togo </i>1983. 3 var. V, R. »Soruba SOY R, Eth Sola →Dye Manessy 1975 (JD: missing several). R, Eth alt. next. Gangam GNG Togo 4 var. V Dye, R (sep.fr.Dye); Eth Ngangam. Gando, Kumongo André Prost n.d. Eth d. prev. Gurma GUX Alphonse Chantoux, Alexandre Gontier, André Prost, <i>Grammaire Gourmantché</i> 1968. R, V, M (2 versions); Eth Gourmancéma. Moba MFQ Togo. V, R. Yom PIL Comm. Nat. de Ling. Bénin 1983. R; Eth Pila. Naudem NMZ Jacques Nicole,<i> Phonol. et Morphophonol. du Nawdm </i>1980. R; Eth Nawdm. *5Doghose-Gurunsi Doghose DOS André Prost 1970 =D<i>o</i>g<i>o</i>se. R, V Dorhosye, Eth Dogosé Gan GNA André Prost 1970. R, V, M, Eth Kaansa. *6Gurunsi Kasem KAS K J. Callow 1973. R. →Nuni NNW JD (v. old source). R. Eth S (bigger) NNW or N NUV Lyele LEE JD. R, Eth Lyélé »Pana PNQ →Siti Frederick W.H.Migeod 1911. M, V Vagala, R, Eth alt. Vagala below. Winye KST JD. Initial i is “cedilla with a grave over it as a sep. letter”. R, Eth Winyé »Pyo PUG R, Eth if Pw~i~e Sisala SIL Regina Blass, <i>Sisaala-Eng Eng-~ Dict </i>1975. M Grunshi (Isala), V; Eth Pasaale Sisaala SIG or (bigger) Tumulung Sisaala SIL »Chakali CLI →Tampulma TAM Richard Bergman, Ian and Claire Gray 1969 (just #1-5). R. Vagala VAG K B. Popham 1968. R, Eth Vagla. →Degha (Mo) MZW Frederick W.H.Migeod 1911. V, R Mo, Eth Deg Kabre KBP J. Delord 1976 (Piya d.). R, V, Eth Kabiyé Lamba LAS J. Delord 1976 (Yaka d.). R, V; Eth Lama Tem KDH Der-Houssikian 1980. V, R. »Chala CHA »Delo NTR »Bago BQG *6Kirma-Lobi Kirma GOT André Prost, <i>Contribution à l’Étude des lgs Voltaïques </i>1964. R, Eth Cerma. Tyurama TUZ Prost 1964. R, Eth Turka. Lobi LOB M. Vaillant n.d. R, V, M. →Dyan Frederick W.H.Migeod 1911., V, R =? Dan. *3Adamawa-Ubangian *4Adamawa Kam KDX Carl Masthay. R. Longuda LNU Kay Williamson, <i>Benue-Congo Compar Wordlist</i> 1973. R, V. Fali FAL K Juergen Ennulat 1973. R, Eth S Fali. »Nimbari NMR »Kim KIA *5Waja Awak AWO JD. R. Dadia DBD JD. R, Eth Dadiya »Kamu KCQ Eth Kamo Tula TUL JD. R. →Waja WJA A.C.G. Hastings in M. R. Cham CFA JD. R, Eth d. Dijim-Bwilim. »Mona R, Eth d. prev. *5Chamba Chamba CCG JD. R. Eth apparently Samba Daka under Bantoid (seems odd, but too many resemblances in this and next fa.) Donga DOH C.K. Meek, <i>Tribal Studies in Northern Nigeria </i>1931 (JD). R. Eth could be DOD of Ubangian or DOH Dong under Bantoid. . Wom WOM Carl Masthay. R. *5Daka »Daka R, Eth alt. next or else CCG Samba Daka. . Dirrim DIR Carl Masthay. R, Eth DIR Dirrim or d. CCG! . Gandole Carl Masthay. R, not in Eth. . Taram Carl Masthay. R, Eth d. CCG. *5Duru Doyãyo DOW K Marinus and Elisabeth Wiering 1973 =Doohwaayããyo. R, V, both as Doyãyo; K gives Namshi as an alternative, which V says = Doyãyo and R says is a sep. lang, Et Doyayo. »Dupa DAE R, Eth Duupa →Duru DUR Raymond Boyd, <i>Étude compar dans le groupe Adamawa</i> 1974 (2 d.; # 7, 8 from JD). R, Eth Dii. »Goom R, Eth d. prev. . Kolbila KLC Carl Masthay. R. Kutin KUT Raymond Boyd 1974 (=Koutine; # 6-8 from JD). R, Eth Peere. →Kotopo Kay Williamson 1973 =Patapori (#1 from Carl Masthay). V; not in R but V says it may be a d. Kutin which V has; Eth d. prev. →Sari SZR JD (1-8 only). R, Eth Saa. Sewe JD. R, Eth d. Doyayo. . Vere VER Carl Masthay. R, Eth Mom Jango. *5Mumuye-Yendang Mumuye MUL Kiyoshi Shimizu 1983 = Zing d; also Williamson minus #1,9. R, V. . Gengle GEG Carl Masthay. R. . Kumba KSM Carl Masthay. R. . Teme TDO Carl Masthay. R. . Waka WAV Carl Masthay. R. . Yendang YEN Carl Masthay. R. »Kugama KOW »Passam PBN Eth Kpasam *5Mbum-Mundang Galke GKE Raymond Boyd 1974 (# 7, 8 from Carl Masthay). R, Eth Ndai. Mangbai MCS JD. R, Eth Mambai. . Pam PMN Raymond Boyd 1974 (# 7, 8 from JD). R. →Tupuri TUI Raymond Boyd 1974 (=Touboro; missing # 7, 8). R. Mbum MDD NU libes (oops). R, V. »Dek DEK . Kali KBN Raymond Boyd 1974 (# 2, 7, 8 from JD). R, Eth Kare. Lakka LAK JD. R, Eth Laka. →Mundang MUA Raymond Boyd 1974 (# 2, 7, 8 from JD). R. »Gelama R, Eth d. prev. →Dama DMM Raymond Boyd 1974 (#7, 8 from JD). R. →Mono MRU JD (1-5 only). R. *5Yungur Libo LDL Carl Masthay. R, Eth Kaan. . Mboi MOI Carl Masthay. R. . Yungur YUN Carl Masthay. R, Eth Bena. . Roba LLA Carl Masthay. R, Eth Lala-Roba. *5Bambuka »Bambuka BKA R, Eth Kyak . Jen JEN Carl Masthay. R, Eth Dza. »Kanawa R, not in Eth unless it's THY Tha wh. has a Kapawa d. . Munga LDK Carl Masthay. R, Eth Leelau. *5Bua Bolgo JD. R. Bua BUB D. R. Bolgo BVO unrecorded »Buso BSO R, Eth BSO says it's Chadic, not Bua! Day DAI Pierre Nougayrol 1979 (Bouna d.; missing #10). R, V. Fanya FAN JD. R, Eth Fania. Gula GLC JD. R, Eth GLC Bon ~ or ZNA Zan Gula Kulaal GLJ JD. R, Eth Gula Iro. Koke KOU JD. R. Nielim NIE JD. R, Eth Niellim. Tunya TUG JD. R, Eth Tunia. *4Ubangian 306, 127 *5Gbaya-Gbanzili *6Gbaya Gbaya GYA Philip A. Noss 1981. R, Eth NW ~ »Bangando BGF R, Eth Bangandu →Manza MZV JD (1-5 only). R. Ngbaka MGA V. Maes 1959. R. *6Ngbandi Ngbandi NGB JD. R, Eth N ~. Sango SAJ Wm J Samarin, <i>A Gram of ~</i> 1967 . R, V. Eth creole with French based on prev. »Yakoma YKY *6Sere Feroge FER Stefano Santandrea 1969. R. Indri IDR Stefano Santandrea 1969. R. Ndogo NDZ Stefano Santandrea 1969. R. Sere SWF JD. R. Tagbu TBM JD. R. Bai BVI JD. R. Viri MRU Stefano Santandrea, <i>The Birri Lg</i> 1966. R, Eth Belanda ~. →Mangaya MYJ Stefano Santandrea 1969 =Manga. R, V. V sez Manga = Mba; but this is almost identical to Feroge; I can't see how it could be a more distantly related language. Eth Mangayat. Togoyo TGY Stefano Santandrea 1969. R. *6Gbanzili Mundu MUH Stefano Santandrea 1969. R, Eth Mündü. Mayogo MDM JD. R. Bangba BBE JD. R. →Gbanziri GBG J.P. Calloc'h 1911. R Gbanzili, V. →Bwaka NBM J.P. Calloc'h 1911 =Gmbwaga. R, V, Eth Ngbaka Ma'bo. →Monjombo MOJ J.P. Calloc'h 1911 =Mõnjõmbo. R Monzombo, V. →Baka BKC JD (1-5 only). R. →Bomasa MBE JD (1-5 only). R, Eth Bomassa. Bayanga JD. R, Eth d. Gundi or Baka. →Ngombe NMJ JD (1-5 only). R. Gundi GDI JD. R. »Ganzi GNZ *5Banda Banda Stefano Santandrea 1969. R fa, V, Eth fa. →Langbasi LNA JD (1-5 only). R, Eth Langbashe. »Ngubu LNL R, Eth d. LNL S Central Banda →Mbanza JD (1-5 only). R, Eth alt. next. Mbanja ZMZ Tingbo-nyi-Zonga, <i>Etude gram de la lg mbandza (d. de báláwo) </i>1978. R Mbanja and Mbanza! Self-name is Mbandzha. Eth Mbandja. »Ngbundu NUU »Ngundu NUE »Kpagua KUW »Gubu GOX Eth Gobu »Yakpa BJO R, Eth Mid-Southern Banda »Linda LIY R, Eth d. Banda-Bambari →Gbi BBP JD (1-5 only). R, Eth d. W. Central Banda. Golo JD. R, Eth d. prev. *5Zande Zande ZAN Canon and E.C.Gore 1931; also (same, allowing for the French transcription) A. Colombanoli 1895. R, V. →Nzakara NZK JD. V poss. d. Bwaka, R. Barambo BRM JD. R, Eth Barambu. Pambia PAM JD. R. Amadi MSJ JD. R. Eth Ma; this and rest in Ngbaka-Mba fa. »Dongo DOO »Mondunga NDT R, Eth Ndunga »Mba MFC **South Central *3Ijo-Defaka Ijo IJC K Albert Okponanabofa Timitimi 1973 (=Izón Kolokuma d.). M, R Kolokuma, Eth Izon. Kolokuma IJE Kay Williamson, <i>A Gram of the ~ d. of Ijo </i>1965. R, Eth Kalabari IJN K Charles E.W. Jenewari 1973. V d. Ijo, R. Nembe IJO Williamson 1973. V d. Ijo, R, Eth SE Ijo. »Biseni IJE »Defaka AFN *3Western “Kwa” *4Nyo *5Yi *6Volta-Comoe *7Western →Abure ABU Frederick W.H.Migeod 1911. M, V, R. Eotile EOT JD. M Mekyibo, V Metyibo, R Eotile, Eth Beti. *7Central Twi TWS Frederick W.H.Migeod 1911. V d.Akan which is R's name as well; Eth alt. next. Ashanti J.E. Redden, N. Owusu 1963 =Twi; Campbell 1991. M (2 versions), V d.Akan, Eth Akan. Fanti Bureau of Ghana Lgs. 1986. M, V d.Akan, Eth d. prev. →Abron ABR Frederick W.H.Migeod 1911 Baule BCI K Judith Timyan 1975. M, R, V d.Anyi, Eth Baoulé, Anyi ANY K P.C. Pyne 1972. V, R, Eth Anyin. Afema M, V d.Anyi, not in Eth. Safwi M Sefwhi, V d.Anyi. Brissa G.D. Chamberlain 1930. V Anufo d. Anyi, Eth d. Anyin. Chakosi CKO Ronald and Lyn Stanford 1970. R, Eth Anufo. →Nzema NZE Frederick W.H.Migeod 1911.V, M Nsima (2 forms), R. →Ahanta AHA Frederick W.H.Migeod 1911 . M, V.] *7Eastern Awutu AFU K B. Forson 1967 =Efutu. R, V, M =? Obutu. Chiripong CPN K Colin Painter 1973 =Hill Guang, Gwa d. = V's Anum. V Chiripong, R Chiripon-Lete-Anum, M Guang 'language of Cherepong', Eth Cherepon. Lete LAR J.M. Stewart 1966 =Larteh. V d. Chiripong, Eth Larteh. Guang (Gonja) DUM K Colin Painter 1974. R Gonja, V Guan(g), Eth Gonja. Nkonya NKO J.M. Stewart 1966. V Nkunya = d. Guang, R. »Nawuri NAW »Nchumunu NNU R, Eth Dwang Nchumburu NLU K Alizon M. Cleal 1973 =Nchumuru. R, Eth Nchumbulu Achode ACD K Alizon M. Cleal 1973 =Gechode. V, R, Eth Gikyode. Anyanga AYG K Alizon M. Cleal 1973 =Genyanga. V, R. Krachi KYE K Alizon M. Cleal 1973. V, R, Eth Krache. *6Central Togo (=Togo Remnant) →Adele ADE J.G. Christaller in M. R. Akpafu AKP M.E. Kropp 1967. V, R, Eth alt. next. Siwu K Robert Komra Iddah 1975. R, V =Akpafu. »Basila R, Eth alt. BLO Anii Buem LEF K Edward Jay Allan 1973. M Bwem, R, V Lefana, Eth Lelemi. Likpe LIP K Edward Jay Allan 1974. R, V, Eth Sekpele. »Logba LGQ Sele SNW K Christine Allen 1973. R, V Santrokofi. Ahlo AHL JD. R, Eth Igo. »Animere ANF Avatime AVA M.E. Kropp 1967. R, V. »Nyangbo NYB »Bowili BOV R, Eth Tuwili →Kebu KEU P.F. Wolf in M =Kogboriko. R, V, Eth Akebou. Kposo KPO Alubwe Amavi Eklo, <i>Le Kposso de Tomegbe </i>1983. R, Eth Akposo *5Ga-Adangme Gã GAC Berry and Nii Amon Kotei 1969 . V, M Ga, R, Eth Ga. Adangme DGM M.E. Kropp 1966. V, M Adangbe, Eth Dangme. Krobo M, V d. Adangme, Eth d. prev. *4Togo Ewe EWE Campbell 1991. V, R, Eth Éwé. Fon FOA Hildegard Höftmann 1993. M Fongbe, V Fõ, R Fon, Eth Fon-gbe. →Gwa (Mbato) GWA Frederick W.H.Migeod 1911. V, R/Eth Mbato. →Kyama (Ebrie) EBR Frederick W.H.Migeod 1911. V, R Ebrie, Eth Ebrié →Akye (Attié) ATI Frederick W.H.Migeod 1911 . M, V, R Attie. →Abe ABA Frederick W.H.Migeod 1911. M, V, R, Eth Abé. Ari (Abiji) ABI JD. M Ari, V Ari, R Abiji, Eth Abidji. I think the two versions are M and JD's. Krobu KXB JD. R. Adyukru ADJ K Georges Herault 1973. M, V, R, Eth Adioukrou. →Avikam AVI Frederick W.H.Migeod 1911 . M, V, R. →Aladian ALD Frederick W.H.Migeod 1911 =Alagyan, V, R, Eth Alladian. *3Eastern 308 *4Central Niger Igbira (Ebira) IGB K Hans-Juergen Scholz 1973 =Igbirra. M (3 versions), V, R/Eth Ebira. Gade GED Jan P. Sterk, <i>~-Engl Dict </i>1994. R. Nupe NUP K N.V. Smith 1967. R, M, V, Eth ~-~-Tako. Kakanda KKA M (3 versions), V d.Nupe, Eth KKA Ebe, Kupa M; Eth ASU, KUG Gbari GBY Roger Blench and Musa Dona 1993, web. M, V, R Gwari. »Alago ALA Idoma IDO R, V. Yala YBA Williamson 1973 d. Idoma. R, V (I)yala w Ijo. »Akpa AKF Igede IGE K Richard Bergman 1973. R. Etulo UTR Robert G. Armstrong, <i>J W Afr Lgs</i> 1964. R. Eloyi AFO K V. Mackay 1968; Williamson 1973 (1-5 and 10 only). R, V w Plateau Benue-Congo. *4Yoruba-Northern Akoko Yoruba YOR E.C. Rowlands 1969. I also have a set from Joseph Ajayi Fashagba 1991. R, M (2 versions), V. →Igala IGL Frederick W.H.Migeod 1911 . R, M Igara, V. »Northern Akoko AKK R, Eth Arigidi *4Edo Proto-Edoid+ Ben Ohio.mamhe. Elugbe 1986. All #s from Elugbe are missing #1! *6Delta Engenni ENN K Elaine Thomas 1968. R. Degema DEG Williamson 1973. V →Epie EPI Elugbe 1986. R. *6Southwestern →Eruwa ERH Elugbe 1986 (missing #1). R. . Isoko ISO Elugbe 1986 except #1 which is from Migeod =Igabor. R, V d. Urhobo. →Okpe OKE Elugbe 1986 (missing #1). R Okpe1. Urhobo URH Elugbe 1986. #1 is from M. R. →Uvbie EVH Elugbe 1986 (missing #1). R. (Sobo M, V = Urhobo + Isoko-- can't tell which. R lists the 2 as sep. lgs.) *6North Central Bini EDO K Airen Amayo 1975 =Edo. R, V, M, Eth Edo. »Esan ISH →Emai EMA Ronald P. Schaefer, <i>An Initial Orthography and Lexicon for Emai</i> 1987 (missing #8-9). R, Eth ~-Iuleha-Ora. »Iyekhee ETS R, Eth Yekhee →Uneme UNE Elugbe 1986 (missing #1). R. →Ghotuo AAA Elugbe 1986 (missing #1). R. »North Ibie ATG R, Eth Ivbie North-Okpela-Arhe »Ikpeshi IKP »Sasaru SSC R, Eth ~-Enwan-Igwe »Ososo OSS *6Northwestern Uhami UHA Elugbe 1986. R. Ukue UKU Elugbe 1986. R. →Oloma OLM M. Eth d. R's Okpe2. Okpamheri OPA K The Ologori of Ogori (1980) =Okpamberi. R, V. Ogori OKS K The Ologori of Ogori (1980). Not in R or V. Eth d. Oko-Eni-Osayen (own fa. in Benue-Congo) *4Lower Niger Ibo (Igbo) IGR R Igbo, V Igbo, M (2 versions). Izi IZI K Paul Meier (1977). R, Eth ~-Ezaa-Ikwo-Mgbo Ikwere IKW Williamson 1973 =Ikwerre. V d. Igbo, R. »Ika IKK »Ukwuani UKW R, Eth ~-Aboh-Ndoni →Ogbah OGC David J. Clark in <i>The J of West African Lgs </i>8.1, 1974 (1-2 only). R, Eth Ekpeye EKP K David Clark (1977). V Ekpeya, R. *4Jukunoid Yukuben (Boritsu) YBL Kay Williamson 1973. R, V Boritsu. Kuteb KUB Kay Williamson 1973. R. Icen ICH Kay Williamson 1973. R, Eth Etkywan. Eregba KPK (Kpan) Kay Williamson 1973. R, Eth Kpan. Jukun (Jibu) JIB Kay Williamson 1973. V d. Jukun, forms a widespread creole, R Jukun, Eth Jibu. Jukun (Wapan) JUK Kay Williamson 1973 = Wukari d. Jukun. V Wapan d. Jukun, speech of Jukun capital, R Jukun, Eth Wapan. Ashaku Kay Williamson 1973. V, R Ashaku, Eth poss. Ashuku d. next. Nama NZA Kay Williamson 1973. V, R, Eth d. Tigon Mbembe. →Bandawa BCV JD (3-5, 10 only). R, Eth Shoo-Minda-Nye. →Chomo CFG JD (2-5, 10 only). R, Eth Como Karim. →Jiru JRR JD (2-5, 10 only). R. *4Delta Cross »Ogbogolo OGG Ogbia OGB Hans Wolff, <i>A Compar Vocabulary of Abuan Dialects </i>1969. Also in Kay Williamson 1973. R. Kugbo KES Hans Wolff 1969. R. »Mini MGJ Abua ABN Hans Wolff 1969. Also in K Ian Gardner 1967 (without tones). V, R. Odual ODU Hans Wolff 1969. Also in Ian Gardner 1975 but no tones. Ogbronuagum OGU lost source »Obulom OBU Kana KEH Suanu M. Ikoro 1996. R, Eth Khana. Gokana GKN Kay Williamson 1973. V, R. →Eleme ELM JD (1-3 only). R. *4Lower Cross Efik EFK Campbell 1991. R, V, M. Ibibio IBB K T.L. Cook 1968. R, M, V d.Efik. Anaang ANW Kay Williamson 1973. V d. Efik, R. Okobo OKB JD. R. Oron ORO JD. R. Ekit EKE JD. R. Ibino IBN JD. R. Obolo (Andoni) ANN Kay Williamson 1973 =Andoni. V Andoni, R Obolo. *4Upper Cross Mbembe MFN K Katharine Barnwell 1972. R, Eth Cross River ~. Leyigha AYI Kay Williamson 1973 =Ayiga. V Leyiga, R. Legbo AGB Kay Williamson 1973. V, R. »Lenyima LDG Yakur (Loko) YAZ Kay Williamson 1973. V Yakurr, R Loko, Eth Lokaa. »Agoi IBM Nkukoli NBO Kay Williamson 1973. V, R Lokukoli. »Lubilo KCC R, Eth Lubila Olulumo IKO Kay Williamson 1973. V, R, Eth this and next dd. ~-Ikom Kukele KEZ Kay Williamson 1973 =Ukele. V, R. Koring ORI Kay Williamson 1973 (1914) =Okpoto. V d. Oring wh. is in R as Koring, Eth Oring. Ufia Kay Williamson 1973. V d. Oring, Eth d. Oring. »Uzekwe EZE Kohumono BCS K T.L. Cook 1972. R. »Ubaghara BYC Awagwune YAY Kay Williamson 1973 =Akunakuna. V , R Agwaagwune. Umon UMM Kay Williamson 1973. V, R. Akpet AKD Kay Williamson 1973. V, R Ukpet, Eth d. Ukpet-Ehom. Kiong KKM Kay Williamson 1973. V, R, M Akayon. Korop KRP Kay Williamson 1973. V Odorop, R. Bakpinka BBS Frederick W.H.Migeod 1911. Uwet, V (sis.Kiong); not in R. »Lyoniyorg R, not in Eth, nor on entire web! »Doko UYA R, Eth ~-Uyanga *4BENU Benue-Zambesi *5Cara *6Eastern Amo AMO Williamson 1973. R, V Amap. Piti PCN Kay Williamson 1973. V, R. Chawai CCH Kay Williamson 1973. V, R, Eth Atsam. *7Kurama »Kuzamani KSA R, Eth prob. Shuwa-Zamani Kurama KSA Williamson 1973. R, V. »Rumaya RUY Eth Mala »Ruruma RUZ Eth Ruma Rebina (Binawa) BYJ Williamson 1973 Ribina. V Rebina, R Binawa, Eth Bina. »Kono KLK Surubu SDE Williamson 1973. R, V. »Kaivi KCE »Kiballo KCH Eth Vono »Kitimi KKU Eth Tumi »Kinuku KKD »Dungi DBV Eth Dungu Gure GRH Williamson 1973. R, V, Eth this and next dd. GRH Gbiri-Niragu. Kahugu Williamson 1973, who suggests it forms one lang. w Gure. V, not in R. *7Jera Kuda+ KOV Williamson 1973 Kudawa. R, V Kuda, Eth d. KOV (see Chamo). Chamo KOV Williamson 1973. V, not in R, Eth d. KOV Kudu-Chamo. Butu BTE Williamson 1973 Butawa. R, V Butawa, Eth poss. d. BTE Gamo-Ningi Ningawa Williamson 1973. V d. Butawa, not in Eth. Gyem GYE Williamson 1973 (1907) Gyemawa. R, V Gyema(wa), R Gyem. Taura+ GNH JD. R, Eth d. GNH Lere. Lemoro LDJ JD. R. Janji JNI Williamson 1973. R, V 360. Sheni SCV Williamson 1973. V, R Shani. Buji JER Williamson 1973. R, V, Eth d. Jere. Anaguta NAR JD. R, Eth Iguta. Chokobo CBO JD. R, Eth Izora. *6Western →Reshe RES Kay Williamson 1973 (missing #1). V, R. »Laru LAN »Lopa LOP C Kambari KAM Kay Williamson 1973. V, R =? E Kambari. Eth has just alt. Tsishingmi SW Kambari Kay Williamson 1973. V, R =? W Kambari. Ngwoi NAT Michael Ayotte, <i>Socioling Survey of Ngwoi </i>2003. R, Eth Hungworo Kamuku KAU Kay Williamson 1973. V, R, Eth Cinda-Regi-Tiyal. »Bassa-Kontagora+ BSR »Bassa-Ashaganna+ ASG Eth Cishingini →Bassa BSL Kay Williamson 1973 (1854). V Basa, R Bassa-Kaduna, Eth Basa-Gumna. »Bassa-Kuta R, Eth alt. prev. →Gurmana GRC HJ. V, R. »Pongu PON »Bauchi BSF Ura ULA Kay Williamson 1973. V, R, Eth Fungwa. Basa-Komo BZW Kay Williamson 1973. V Basa-Komo, R Bassa-Kwomu, Eth Basa. »Lela DRI Eth C'lela Duka DUD K Esther Cressman and Donna Skitch 1974. R, V, Eth Hun-Saare. Dakarkari DRI Kay Williamson 1973 (d. Dubai). V, R =? Lela, Eth alt. Lela. »Puku GEL Eth d. Kag-Fer-Jiir-Koor-Ror-Us-Zuksun. Now there's a name. »Lyase BGA Eth Gwamhi-Wuri *5Nyima *6Plateau Ayu AYU Williamson 1973. R, V. →Yashi YBJ Williamson 1973 (no #1). R, V, Eth Hasha. Mabo MAE Williamson 1973. R Mabo-Barkul, V, Eth Bo-Rukul. Irigwe IRI Williamson 1973. R, V. Boyawa Williamson 1973 (1907). V, not in R nor Eth. *7Birom-Migili →Migili MGI Williamson 1973 (1854) (`KorK'). R, V, Eth Ligili. Aten GAN Williamson 1973. R, V. Birom BOM Williamson 1973. R, V. Niten Williamson 1973. Not in V or R, Eth alt. Aten. *7Kaje-Kadara Katab KCG Eleonore Adwiraah 1989; also Williamson 1973. M, V d. Katab, Eth Tyap. Morwa Williamson 1973. V d. Katab. Yeskwa YES Williamson 1973. R, V in Plateau 1. Lungu LDB Williamson 1973 d. Koro. V, R,Eth Idun. Koro Williamson 1973. R, V; Eth prob. either AHS Ashe or BQV Begbere-Ejar →Kamanton KCI Williamson 1973 (no #1). R, V/Eth Kamantan. →Kagoma KDM Williamson 1973 (no #1). R, V. Jaba JAB Williamson 1973. R, V, Eth Jab. Chori CRY Williamson 1973 (no #1). V d. Jaba, Eth Cori. Kenyi ZHI Williamson 1973 (no #1). V d. Jaba, Eth Zhire. »Nandu NAA Eth ~-Tari Izarek FIZ Kraft 1981 (JD). R, Eth Izere. Kaje KAJ Williamson 1973. R, V, Eth Jju. →Kadara KAD Williamson 1973 (no #1). R, V. →Kuturmi KHJ Williamson 1973 (no #1). R, V. →Doka DBI Williamson 1973 (no #1). R, V. Ikulu IKU Kiyoshi Shimizu 1996 =Kulu, web. Also Williamson 1973 Ikul. R, V. »Iku ? R, Eth IKV ~-Gora-Ankwa Idong IDC Williamson 1973. R, Eth Idon. →Afusare Williamson 1973 (no #1). Not in R, V, Eth alt. Izarek. Jari Williamson 1973. V Afusare (see below); Eth alt. Izarek. *7Ninzam-Rukuba Rukuba RUK Williamson 1973. R, V, Eth Che. Kwanka BIJ Williamson 1973. R, V, Eth Vaghat-Ya-Bijim-Nindem. »Shall R, Eth ~-Zwall Ninzam NIN Williamson 1973. R, V. Mada MDA Williamson 1973. R, V. »Gwantu NBR R, Eth d. Numana-Nunku-~-Numbu Nindem KDP Williamson 1973. R, V d. Kaninkwom, Eth Kaningdon-~. »Kaningkon R, Eth d. prev. »Kanufi KNI *7Eggon Eggon EGO Williamson 1973. R, V. Nungu RIN Williamson 1973. R, V =Rindre. Rindre Williamson 1973. V, Eth d. prev. Ake AIK Williamson 1973 =Akye. R, not in V. »Jidda JIP R, Eth Bu *7Fyam Pyem PYM Williamson 1973. R Fyam, V, Eth Fyam. Horom HOE Williamson 1973. R, V. *7Tarok Tarok (Yergham) YER Selbut R. Longtau and Roger Blench 1996; also in Williamson 1973 =Yergham. V Yergham, R Tarok. Bashar BSX Williamson 1973. R, V Basherawa, Eth Yangkam. Pai PAI Williamson 1973. R, V. *7Tarok »Turkwam TDV Eth Toro »Arum AAB Eth ~-Tesu *6Wel *7Bendi-Bokyi Bokyi BKY Kay Williamson 1973. V Boki, R. Bekwarra BKV K R. Stanford 1973. R. Alege ALF Kay Williamson 1973. V Gayi, R. Bete (Bendi) BTT Kay Williamson 1973. V, R Bendi, Eth Bete-Bendi. »Obanliku BZY »Ukpe UKP Eth ~-Bayobiri »Ubang UBA »Utugwang AFE Eth Putukwan »Bumaji BYP *4Non-Bantu Bantoid (actually a grandchild of Wel) Mambila MZK K Mona Perrin 1973. R, Eth Nigeria ~; there's also a smaller MYA Cameroon ~. Kuma Kay Williamson 1973. V d. Mambila, not in Eth. Kamkam BGU Kay Williamson 1973. V, R, Eth Mbongno. »Tep R, not in Eth Magu MCJ C.K. Meek, <i>Tribal Studies in Northern Nigeria </i>1931 (JD). R, Eth Mvanip. Kila Kay Williamson 1973. V, R, Eth Somyewe. Ndoro NDR Kay Williamson 1973. V, R, Eth Ndoola. »Gandua WWW Eth d. Wawa Bute VUT Kay Williamson 1973. V, R/Eth Vute. Tiv TIV K D.W. Arnott 1968. R, V. »Otank UTA »Emane EMN Eth Eman »Icheve BEC Eth Iceve-Maci »Evant BZZ Batu BTU Kay Williamson 1973. V, R. Abon ABO Kay Williamson 1973. V Abõ, R. Bitare BRE Kay Williamson 1973. V, R. *4Broad Bantu *5Bane *6Jarawan-Ekoid *8Jarawan Mboa XMB JD. R, Eth Mbonga. Nagumi NGV JD. R. »Bile BIL Mbula MBU Kay Williamson 1973. V, R, Eth d. MBU ~-Bwazza. Mama MMA Kay Williamson 1973. V, R. »Lame BMA Jaku JKU Kay Williamson 1973. V, R, Eth Labir. »Gubi GUA Eth Shiki Kulung BBU Kay Williamson 1973 =Wurkum. V Kulung, R. Jarawa JAR Kay Williamson 1973 =Gingwak d. Jarawa. V d. Jarawa. Bankala Kay Williamson 1973. V d. Jarawa. *8Ekoid-Mbe Mbe MFO Kay Williamson 1973. V, R. →Afudu Koelle 1854 in M. V, not in R. Rather similar to KW's Mbe! Ndoe NBB V, R . Ekoi ETU V, R =? Ejagham = d. Ekoi in V, Eth Ejagham Akwa Frederick W.H.Migeod 1911. V d. Ekoi Efutop OFU Kay Williamson 1973. V, R. →Nde NDD Kay Williamson 1973. V, R, Eth d. NDD ~-Nsele-Nta. →Abanyom ABM Kay Williamson 1973. V, R. Nkem ISI Kay Williamson 1973. V Nkim, R, Eth ~-Nkum. →Nkumm Kay Williamson 1973. V Nkum, R, Eth d. prev. →Nnam NBP Kay Williamson 1973. R. Ekajuk EKA Kay Williamson 1973. V, R. *6Mamfe »Esimbi AGS Eth with Tivoid »Amasi MYG R, Eth with Tivoid Kenyang KEN Kay Williamson 1973. R, V. »Kitwii R, Eth d. prev. »Kinkwa NKC R, Eth alt. Nkongho in Bantu A »Menka MEA R, Eth in Narrow Grassfields »Ngwo NGN R, Eth ditto »Bitieku ANV R, Eth d. Denya »Assaka CKX R, Eth d. Caka *6Grassfields *7Nkambe →Adere ADD Jan Voorhoeve, “Noun Classes in ~”, in Larry Hyman, <i>Noun Classes in the Grassfields Bantu Borderland </i>1980 (1-3 only). R, Eth Dzodinka Limbum LIM Kay Williamson 1973 =Wimbum. Also in Chilver 1974 and in K. V Nsungli, R. Kofa NFU JD. R, Eth d. Mfumte. »Kwaja KDZ »Ncha R, Eth d. next. Ndaktup NCP Chilver 1974. R, V. Ntem Chilver 1974. R, V, Eth d. next. Yamba YAM JD. R. Mbe' MTK Chilver 1974 =Mbe. Not in R; Eth; I had this confused with Mbe in Ekoid-Mbe. *7Nun-Bamileke *8Nun Bamun BAX JD. R, V. Mungaka MHK JD. R. »Bambalang BMO »Baba BBW »Bapi Eth Bapa alt. prev. »Bandeng Eth d. Mungaka *8Ngemba Mankon NGE Jacqueline Leroy, <i>Morphologie de Classes Nominales en Mankon </i>1977. R, Eth Ngemba. »Mundum R, Eth d. Ngemba Bafut BFD Kay Williamson 1973. V, R. Nkwen Kay Williamson 1973. V d. Mandankwe, R, Eth d. next. Mandankwe MFD Kay Williamson 1973. V, not in R, Eth Mendankwe. →Bambui BAW JD (1,2,4,8 only). R, Eth d. Bambili. Pinyin PNY Kay Williamson 1973. V d. Awing, R. »Awing AZO »Kpati KOC *8Bamileke “Bamileke”. Gabriel Nissim, André Noche and Sébastien Ntagne 1983. V, R = fa! Babaju NLA Tchoffouo 1979 =Babadjou. (#s 2-5 are also in Williamson.) V Babadjou, R, Eth d. Ngombale Fe'fe (Bafang) FMP Kay Williamson 1973. V Bafang, R, Eth Fe'fe'. »Bana Kay Williamson 1973. V d. Fe'fe, not in R, Eth d. prev. Dschang BAN Steven Bird, via JD. R, Eth d. Yemba. Bafu Kay Williamson 1973 =Bafou. V Bafou, R has Dschang wh. = d. Bafu in V; Williamson says this lang. is spoken `near Dschang'; Eth alt. Yemba. »Bafussam Kay Williamson 1973 =Bafoussam. V Bafoussam, R, not in Eth. »Bagam Kay Williamson 1973. V, R, Eth d. XMG Mengaka »Balum Kay Williamson 1973 =Baloum. V Baloum, R, Eth alt. BBJ Ghomálá' below. »Bamaha R, Eth mentioned as `may be' alt. BKO Kwa' »Bamendiinda Kay Williamson 1973 =Bamendjina. V, R, Eth prob. Bamendjing d. Mengaka »Banenkombit Kay Williamson 1973. V, R, not in Eth »Bamenyam Kay Williamson 1973. V, R, Eth BCE in Nun. →Banjun BBJ JD (1-6 only). V Bandjoun-Baham, R, Eth d. BBJ Ghomálá' . Bangangté BYV Kay Williamson 1973. R, V. KW is missing #1, which is supplied here from K Jan Voorhoeve 1972 (whose other numbers differ somewhat from KW's). Eth Medumba. Bangwa Daniel von Brighoff. R, V, Eth alt. Ngemba or Yemba. »Bapi Kay Williamson 1973. R, V; not in Eth. →Bacham Stephen C. Anderson, “The Noun Classes of Nyemb<i>oo</i>n-Bamileke” in Larry Hyman, <i>Noun Classes in the Grassfields Bantu Borderland </i>1980 (missing #2,5). R, Eth d. NNH Ngiemboon »Bachingu Kay Williamson 1973 =Bachingou. R, V =Batchingou, not in Eth. »Bati Kay Williamson 1973. R, V, Eth `may be d. Bamenyam' »Batié Kay Williamson 1973. R, V, Eth alt. BBJ. »Bamugun NWE Kay Williamson 1973 =Bamendjou. V Bamougoun, R. Eth Bamendjing d. Mengaka or Bamoungong d. NNH Ngiemboon? »Fomopea R, Eth alt. NWE Ngwe »Fongondeng Kay Williamson 1973. V, R, Eth alt. NWE. »Foto R, Eth alt. NWE »Fotuni Kay Williamson 1973 =Fotouni. V Fotouni, R. Eth alt. Fe'fe'. Ngwe NWE Kay Williamson 1973. V, R, Eth »Babuantu R, not in Eth. »Upper Mundani R, not in Eth *7Ring Aghem AGQ JD. R. »Isu R ISU »Weh WEH »Bafumen BFM Eth Mmen Babanki BBK Chilver 1974 Kidzöm. R, V Kidzö. Kom BFM Kay Williamson 1973. V =? Nkom, R. Bum BMV Chilver 1974. R, V. Oku OKU JD. R. Lamnso NSO K Karl and Winnifred Grebe 1973 =Lamnsoq. V, R, Eth Lamnso'. #2-10 are in Williamson 1973. Mbem (Kaka) Kay Williamson 1973 =Kaka. V Mbem, sis. Lamnso, not in R, Eth there's an alt. Yamba in Nkambe but it's too close to Lamnso for that. Ndop Chilver 1974. Both R and V have as a fa. Eth geographical term seen in alt. NDO Ndop-Bamunka. Kënsense (Bamessing) NDB Kay Williamson 1973. V, R Bamessing, Eth alt. NDB Kenswei Nsei »Bamessi R, not in Eth. Babungo BAV Willi Schaub 1985 (#1-5 only; #6-10 from JD). R, Eth Vengo. Bamunka NDO JD. R. »Bamali BBQ Eth under Nun. »Fanji R, not in Eth. *7Momo-Njen Tadkon R, Eth Meta. Meta MGO Chilver 1974. V Menemo, R d.Tadkon. Menemo Kay Williamson 1973. V, R d. Tadkon. Uta Chilver 1974. V d.Menemo, R d.Tadkon. Ngie NGJ SIL, "A Socioling Survey of Nige and Ngishe”, 2002. »Oshie NSH Eth Ngishe »Njem MEN R, Eth Njen »Lower Mundani MUN Eth Mundani *6Menchum »Modele Eth d. Befang »Mukuru Eth d. next »Befang BBY »Bangui R, Eth d. prev. »Obang R, Eth d. Befang »Okomanjan R, Eth d. Befang *6Beboid Mekaf MFF Chilver 1974 =Bunaki. V; Eth gives equivalence; Eth alt. Naki Bu BOE Hamm, Diller, Jordan-Diller, Assako, <i>A Rapid Appraisal Survey of W Beboid Lgs</i> 2001. Kinabe MIJ Michael and Charlene Ayotte, <i>SIL Electr Survey Reports </i>2002. R, Eth MIJ Missong Koshin KID JD. R, Eth Koskin. »Bebe BZV Dumbo DMO Chilver 1974 (also has Nk<i>o</i>r d.). R, V, Eth Kemezung. Nchanti NCR JD. R, Eth Ncane. Noni NHU Larry M. Hyman 1981. R. »Akweto ASJ Eth Nsari *6Tikar Tikar TIK Alphonse Mamadou 1984. Also have in Chilver 1974 =Tumu. V, R. →Bandobo Koelle 1854 in M =Ndob. V, R, Eth d. prev. *4Bantu (actually coequal w/ Bane) Proto-Bantu-X+ Malcolm Guthrie, <i>Compar Bantu</i> 1970. *5Northwest Bantu *7Lundu-Balong →Lundu NGO HJ =Ba-kundu. R, V Bakundu d. Lundu, Eth Balundu-Bima →Lue HJ =Ba-rondo. R, Eth alt. Lundu. Balong BWT JD. R, Eth probably BFW Bafaw-Balong, poss. d. KEN Kenyang →Bonkeng BVG HJ =Bongkeng. R, V. Bafo JD. R, Eth d. Bafaw-Balong Akoose BSS Robert Hedinger, “The Noun Classes of Ak<i>o<sup>|</sup></i>o:se: (Bakossi)” in Larry Hyman, <i>Noun Classes in the Grassfields Bantu Borderland </i>1980. Not in R, Eth BSS. »Mboko BQM Eth Wumboko Bakwiri BRI Kay Williamson 1973. R, V Kwiri d. Baakpe, Eth Mokpwe. →Su HJ =I-subu. R, V, Eth Isu. Duala DOU Carl Meinhof 1939. R »Wori R, Eth d. prev. »Pongo R, Eth d. Duala »Limba MZD R, Eth Malimba Bubi BVB Dalby. M (3 varieties; this is Northern), V/Eth Bube, R. I also have this as "Fernandian"... from John Clarke 1848! And 3 d. in HJ. →Noho BNM HJ =Ba-noho. R, V Banaka d. Batanga, Eth Batanga. →Yasa YKO HJ =Ng-gumbi. R, V Kombe d. Yasa. →Benga BEN HJ. R, V. →Lombi BBI HJ =Ba-rombi. R, V, Eth Barombi. Bankon ABB Kay Williamson 1973 =Bankong. R, V, Eth d. Abo. →Basaa BAA Gisèle Dautrey 1994; #2,8,10 from HJ =Ba-sa. R, V Basa. Tunen BAZ Idelette Dugast 1971. R, Eth in Mbam. →Nyo'o JD (1-5 only). R, Eth Nenni Nyo'o alt. prev. →Mande JD (1-5 only). R, not in Eth. Mbong DII Kay Williamson 1973. R, V, Eth Dimbong. →Fa' KSF JD (1-5 only). R, Eth prob. KSF Bafia. →Kpa JD (1-5 only). R, Eth d. prev. →Djanti NGY JD (1-5 only). R, Eth Tibea. Ki BAG Larry M. Hyman, “Esquisse des Classes Nominales en Tuki” in <i>S. Cal. Occasional Papers in Lgs </i>8, 1980 (JD). R, Eth Tuki. →Yambasa YAS JD (1-5 only). R, Eth Nugunu. »Eton ETO Ewondo EWO Prosper Abéga n.d. R. Bebele BEB Kay Williamson 1973 =Bamvele. R, V. Bulu BUM Kay Williamson 1973; 6 numbers are also in Guthrie. R, V. Fang FNG Samuel Galley n.d. V, R. →Ngumba NMG HJ =Ma-bea. R, V Mvumbo. Bujeba Carlos Gonzalec Echegaray 1960. Not in R or V but rel. Ngumba, Eth d. prev. »So SOX »Makaa MCP →Njem NJE HJ =N-jiem (Zimu, Ma-ka). R, V Njëm d. Njëm-Bajue. Could also be Makaa! Eth Koonzime. »Konabem MGG R, Eth d. Mpongmpong →Mpiemo MCX HJ =M-bimu. V Mbimu, R. »Bomwali BMW »Kwakum KWU »Pol PMM →Yaka (Kako) KKJ HJ =Kaka. V Kako, R. *6Zone B →Myene MYE Le Berre 1873 =Pongouée; pretty similar to HJ =Ng-komi-Galoa. R, V Mpongwe d. Myene. →Sekyani SYI HJ =Sheke-Bulu. R, V Sekiyani, Eth Seki. →Kele KEB HJ. R, V Ngom d. Kele, Eth kili. »Mbangwe ZMN Wumvu WUM André Raponda Walker, <i>Les Lgs du Gabon </i>1998 (JD). R, Eth Wumbvu. →Kota KOQ HJ (Ba-kota). R, V. »Ndasa NDA »Sighu SXE Tsogo TSV Raponda Walker 1998 (JD). R. →Kande KBS HJ =O-kande. R, V. Pinji PIC Raponda Walker 1998 (JD). R. Sira SWJ André Raponda Walker, <i>Élements de Grammaire Gisira</i> 1936. R. →Sangu SNQ HJ =Ma-shanggo. R, V. Punu PUU Raponda Walker 1998 (JD). R. Lumbu LUP Raponda Walker 1998 (JD). »Mbwisi BWZ Eth Bwisi »Barama BBG Duma DMA Mgr. J. Adam, <i>Grammaire composée</i> 1954. and HJ =Li-duma (good match). R, V. →Njebi NZB HJ =N-jabi. R, V Nzebi. »Tsaangi TSA Mbede MBT Mgr. J. Adam, <i>Grammaire composée</i> 1954. R, Eth Mbere. →Mbama MBM Johnston 1919 (JD; missing #8-9). R. Ndumu NMD Mgr. J. Adam, <i>Grammaire composée</i> 1954. R. »Ngwii R, Eth d. Mbede »Ngul NLO »Kaningi KZO *7Teke N Teke TEG JD. R. NE Teke NGZ JD. R. W Teke TEZ JD. R. C Teke TEC JD. R. E Teke TEK JD. R. S Teke IFM J. Calloc'h 1911 =Ifumu. V d. (not biggest) of S. Teke, wh. is in R. Eth Fuumu d. IFM S Central Teke; there's also KKW S. Teke →Bali Malcolm Guthrie 1970 (7 numbers only). R, Eth d. E Teke. »Wuumu IFM R, Eth d. S Central Teke Buma BOH Nico Burssens 1989. V/Eth Boma, not in R. →Tiene TII JD (#1-6 only). R. »Nfinu ZMF R, Eth Mfinu »Mpuono ZMP →Yanzi YNS HJ =Ba-yanzi. R, V, Eth Yansi Di DIZ JD. R, Eth Ding »Mbuun R, Eth d. Mpuono *6Zone C »Ngando NGD →Aka AXK JD (missing #7-9); pygmy d. of Ngando which is in R; Eth Yaxa »Kota R, Eth d. Ngando →Ngundi NDN HJ =Gundi. R. →Pande BKJ HJ =Pande or Bo-nggiri. V, R. Could also be Bongili. »Mbati MDN »Mbomotaba ZMX Eth Bomitaba »Bongili BUI »Lobala LOQ »Mboko MDU »Akwa AKW (not to be confused with the Ekoid lg) »Ngare R, Eth d. Mboko . Koyo KOH Gaz. Hyman 1996, via CBOLD. R. »Mboshi MDW Eth Mbosi »Kwala KWC Eth Likwala »Kuba KXX Eth Likuba »Ngiri NGR →Bobangi BNI John Whitehead 1899; also in Guthrie. R, Eth Bangi →Sengele SZG HJ =Senggele. V Senegele, R Sakata SAT Intiomale Mbonino Mokfe, <i>Keshà, la lg des Basàkàtà </i>1986. R Sakata. Ntomba NTO M. Mamet 1960 =Bolia; also L. Gilliard 1928 (v. sim.). R. Lingala LIN Éditions LECO V d.Losengo, C = Losengo, R has Losengo. →Buja BJA HJ =A-buja. V, R, Eth Budza. →Ngombe NGC HJ =Ba-bati. V, R. →Bwela BWL HJ. V 'Doko, R. →Bati HJ =Ba-bati. V, R, Eth d. next. →Bua BWA HJ =Abobua. V Boa, R. »Beo AGH Eth d. Ngelima »Mbesa ZMS →So SOC HJ =Soko. V, R. »Gesogo R, Eth `may be name for' prev. »Lombo LOO →Lokele LOK Malcolm Guthrie 1970 (missing #s from HJ) =Kele. R, Eth Kele. →Foma FOM HJ =Li-foma. V Fuma, R. Mongo MOM G. Hulstaert 1938 =Lonkundo. V, R, Eth ~-Nkundu »Lalia LAL »Ngando NXD »Konda Eth d. MOM →Mbole HJ =Ba-mbole. R, V, Eth d. next. →Ombo OML JD (missing #10). R. Tetela TEL J. Hagendorens 1984 =<i>Otetela. Also in Guthrie 1970, but only 7 numbers. R. →Kusu KSV HJ =Ng-kusu or Ba-kusu. R, V. →Nkutu NKW HJ =Ba-ngkutu. R, V. »Yela R, Eth YEL →Kela KEL HJ =O-lemba. R, V. »Ndengese DEZ Eth Dengese →Songomeno SOE HJ =Ba-songgomeno. R, V. →Bushong BUF HJ =Bu-shonggo. R, V Busoong, Eth Bushoong. *5Central Bantu *6Zone D Lengola LEJ JD. R. »Mituku ZMQ →Enya GEY HJ =Genya. R, V Ena. →Bali BCP HJ =Ba-bali. V, R. »N Binja SOD Eth d. Songoora Lega LEA JD. R, Eth either LEA ~-Shabunda, or LGM ~-Mwenga. »S Binja Eth d. SOD Holoholo HOO JD. R. Piri PER JD (missing #9). R, Eth Bhele. →Bira BRF HJ =Lubu-sese. V, R, Eth maybe BRF Bera →Nyali NLJ HJ =Li-huku. V, R. Bodo BOY JD. R. Komo KMW Barbara Thomas, SIL. 2/3 alt. forms are -/+ animate. 0 →Kare KBJ JD (missing 4,5,9,10). R, Eth Kari. Nyanga NYA Kahombo Mateene 1969. R. »Bembe BMB »Buyu BYI *6Zone E Logoli TLS. R, not in Eth. . Gusii GUZ TLS -JD. R. . Kuria KUJ TLS -HJ =Ki-koria. V Koria, R. . Zanaki ZAK TLS (also has Ikizu d.). R. . Nata NTK TLS. R, Eth Ikoma. →Sonjo SOZ TLS. R, Eth Temi. Very different from others! . Ngurimi NGQ TLS. R. Kikuyu KIU Wanjiku Ng'ang'a. R, Eth Gikuyu. . Embu EBU TLS. R. . Meru MER TLS. R. Tharaka THA JD. R, V. »Chuka CUH Kamba KIK W.H.Whitely and M.B.Muli 1962; 9 #s also in Guthrie. R. »Daiso DHS Eth Dhaiso Chaga KAF JD. R, Et Chagga. TLS has dd. Keni, Kibosho, Kimochi, Machame (JMC), Mamba, Mkuu, Siha, Vunjo (VUN). Eth has these as dd. prev. except those with codes, and Kimochi not found. »Rwo RWK Eth Rwa »Rusa →Kahe HKA TLS (missing #6,9). R. Gweno GWE Seleman Sewangi (native speaker). V, R. →Pokomo PKB HJ. V, R, Eth POJ Lower ~, PKB Upper ~ (slightly bigger). →Nyika NYF HJ =Nika. V Nika, R, Eth Giryama. →Digo DIG JD (missing 6-10). R. Taita DAV Claudia Zaslavsky 1973. *6Zone F »Tongwe TNY →Bende BDP TLS (missing 3, 8). R. →Fipa FIP TLS. R. TLS says it's in zone M; Eth says here. Nyamwezi NYZ Clement Maganga and Thilo Schadeberg 1992 . R. →Sumbwa SUW TLS; #3,5 from HJ =NW Nyamwezi. V Mweri d. Nyamwesi, R. Sukuma SUA I. Richardson and W.M. Mann, didn't get date! (NU). R. →Kimbu KIV TLS (missing #3). R. . Bungu WUN TLS. R. Nyilamba NIM Malcolm Guthrie 1970 (four #s from TLS) =Nilamba. R, Eth Nilamba. . Rimi RIM TLS =Nyaturucha. HJ =Ki-nyaturu, R, V Remi, Eth Nyaturu. . Langi LAG TLS. R, Eth Rangi. →Mbugwe (Irangi) MGZ HJ =Iranggi. R Mbugwe, V Irangi. →Mbugu MHD A.D. Shaw 1885 via PP. R. Eth says mixed lg, Bantu inflections + Cushitic lexicon. *6Zone G* →Gogo GOG HJ. R, V. →Kaguru KKI HJ. R, V/Eth Kagulu. →Shambala KSB Malcolm Guthrie 1970 (4 #s from HJ) =Sambaa. V, R. . Tubeta TVS TLS. R, Eth Taveta. . Casu ASA TLS =N. Pare. Eth/V = Asu. R. . Bondei BOU TLS -HJ. R, V. Zigula ZIW TLS -HJ. R, V. »Ngwele NHE Eth Nghwele . Zaramo ZAJ TLS -HJ =Dzalamo. R, V. . Ngulu NGP TLS. R. →Ruguru RUF TLS (#1-2 only). R. . Kami KCU TLS -HJ =Kami or Ki-ruguru. R, V. . Kutu KDC TLS. R. »Vidunda VID →Sagara SBM HJ =Kaguru or N. Sagara. R, V/Eth Sagala. Swahili SWA D.V.Perrott 1950. R. Kimvita, Kiamu dd. in HJ. Quite unexciting, exc. 1 = moya in Kiamu. Eth dd. prev. →Pemba JD (1-5 only). R, Eth d. Swahili. Komoro SWB JD =Shimasiwa. R, V, Eth Comorian. →Tikuu HJ =Ki-tikuu. R, V, Eth d. Swahili. Pogoro POY TLS -HJ. R, V Pogolo. →Ndamba NDJ TLS (missing #5). R. →Sango SBP HJ =Sanggo. R, V, Eth Sangu. . Hehe HEH TLS -HJ. R, V. . Bena BEZ TLS -HJ. R, V. . Pangwa PBR TLS -HJ. R, V. →Kinga KIX TLS (#6-10 from HJ). R, V. . Wanji WBI TLS. R. . Kisi KIZ TLS -HJ =Kese. R, V. *6Zone H Kikongo KON R/Eth Kongo. Also in Guthrie. Bembe BEJ A. Jacquot, <i>Études Beembe</i> 1981. He had accents over the : mark which I changed to reduplications: e.g. àá for à:<sup>|</sup>. R, Eth Beembe. →Yombe YOM HJ =Ki-yombe. R, V Yombe d. Kongo. »Kunyi KNF »Ndingi, Mboka R, Eth d. Kongo »Dondo R, Eth DOD Doondo Kimbundu MLO Heli Chatelain 1889. R North Mbundu, V/Eth Mbundu. Note that there's also a South Mbundu in Zone R. (But this source matches HJ pretty well.) →Sama SMD HJ =Kisama. R, V. →Bolo BLV HJ =Libolo. R, V. →Songo NSX HJ =Songgo. R, V, Eth Nsongo. Yaka YAF JD. R. →Suku SUB JD (#1-7 only). R. »Hungu R, Eth mentioned as rel. next but no codes →Mbangala MXG HJ =Um-banggala. R, V Yongo d. Mbangala. »Sinji R, Eth mentioned as rel. prev. but no codes →Hungana HUM HJ =Huana. V, R. *6Zone J Nyoro NYR Malcolm Guthrie 1970 (#6 from TLS). R. Luganda LAP E.O.Ashton et al.1954; 9 numbers also in Guthrie. V/Eth Ganda, R. . Soga SOG TLS. R. . Gwere GWR TLS. R. →Nyala NLE HJ =Lu-nyara. R, V, Eth East ~. Nyankole NYN Malcolm Guthrie 1970 (#6 from TLS) =Nyankore. V, not in R. This group is in D in Guthrie (and V) but R has its sis. all in J. Dalby notes that J was introduced later anyway. Nkore-Kiga CHG Charles Taylor 1985. Not in R. Numbers are v. similar to Nyankole. Guthrie has Nyankore and Ciga next to each other in zone E; V gives Nkole and Kiga as alternatives of these. Eth has CHG Chiga and NYN Nyole (no Nyore). →Karagwe NYM HJ =Uru-karagwe. R, V Karagwe d. Nyambo. Haya HAY JD. R. . Zinza JIN TLS. R Dzindza. . Kerebe KED TLS -HJ =Uru-kerebe. R, V. . Kwaya (Jita) JIT TLS =Jita. R Kwaya, V/Eth Jita. Masaba MYX TLS -HJ =Lu-masaba. R, V. Luhya LUY L.L. Appleby, <i>A First Luyia Grammar</i> 1961 =Luyia. R/Eth Luyia, V. »Nyole NUJ . Saamia TLS =Samia-Lugwe. R Suamia, V. »Nyuli Eth alt. Nyole »Syan MYX Eth d. Masaba →Konzo KOO HJ =Olu-konjo. R, V, Eth Konjo. Nande NNB Pauline A. Fraas 1961. R, Eth Nandi. Hunde HKE Shigeki Kaji, <i>Vocab ~ </i>1992. R, Eth HKE »Havu HAV Shi SHR Louise Polak-Bynon 1975. R. #4: second i has a little hook over it. »Fuliru FLR »Vira JOB Eth Joba →Kabwari KCW HJ =Ka-bwari. V, R. »Tembo TBT Rwanda RUA Kamugunga 1984 = Kinyarwanda. R Rwanda, V Ruanda. Rundi RUD Elizabeth E. Cox n.d.=Kirundi. R. . Shubi SUJ TLS. R. . Hangaza HAN TLS. R. . Vinza VIN TLS. R. Ha HAQ TLS. Not in R, but Eth and V put it here. *6Zone K »Yeci Eth d. next »Holu HOL Pende PEM Barthélémy Gusimana, <i>Dict ~-Français </i>1972. V Pende; not in R; Eth Phende. Chokwe CJK Eduardo dos Santos = Quioca 1962. R, V Ciokwe. »Luimbi LUM →Luchazi LCH HJ =Lujazi. V Lucazi, R. Lwena LUE Malcolm Guthrie 1970 and A.E. Horton 1949 =Luvale. R, Eth Luvale. →Mbuunda MCK HJ =Mbunda. V/Eth Mbunda, R. →Nyengo NYE HJ. V, R. →Mbwela MFU HJ =Ngkoya. V, R. »Nkangala R NKN »Ngangela R, Eth NBA Nyemba →Lunda (Ndembo) LVN Malcolm Guthrie 1970 (1-5 only). R Ndembo, V. »Salampasu SLX »Ruund RND Luyana LAV Talmy Givón =Si-Luyana. R Luyi, V. »Mbowe MXO Kwangali KWN J.K. Kloppers 1994 =Rukwangali; also Oxford 1991 (ident.). R. »Masi MHO Eth Mashi »Simaa SIE »Sanjo R, Eth only one is d. TOI Tonga in M Lenje-Tonga →Kwangwa HJ =Si-luyi. V Luyana, R. Eth only exists as fa name; Luyi is alt. Luyana. Mwenyi SIE Yasutoshi Yukawa 1987. Not in R, V d. Kwangwa. Eth d. Simaa. Gova MHW JD. R, Eth Mbukushu. >Totela TTL →Subia SBS HJ. V, R, Eth Subiya. →Mbala MDP HJ =Ba-mbala. V, R. »Diriku DIU *6Zone L »Bwile BWC Kete KCV JD. R. »Mbagani R, Eth d. next. →Songye SOP HJ =NE Luba. R, V/Eth Songe. →Luna LUJ HJ =N Luba. R, V. »Budya R, Eth only has as s. Shona (Zone S!) →Bangubangu BNX HJ =M-banggo-banggo. V Bangobango, R. Luba-Kasai LUB JD. R, V d. Luba-Lulua. →Kanyok KNY HJ =Ka-nyoka. R, V Kanyoka. Luba-Shaba LUH JD. R, V Luba-Lulua, Eth Luba-Katanga. →Hemba HEM HJ =E Luba. R, V. →Sanga SNG HJ =S Luba. R, V. →Kaonde KQN JD (missing 7-9). R. Mbwera JD. R, Eth d. next. Nkoya NKA JD. R. *6Zone M »Pimbwe TLS -HJ =Fipa or Ki-pimbwe. V, R. Not in Eth here, but has Pimbwe as d. Fipa in Zone F, which looks very likely. . Rungwa RNW TLS -HJ =Nya-lunggwa. V Runga, R. . Rungu TLS -HJ =Lunggu. V, R, Eth d. next. Mambwe MGR Knut Felberg . R, Eth ~-Lungu. . Ndali NDH TLS. R. . Mwanga MWN TLS -HJ =Chi-na-mwangga. V, R. . Nyiha NIH TLS -HJ =Ishi-nyixa. V, R. . Malila MGQ TLS. R. . Safwa SBK TLS. R. →Iwa JD (missing 7-9). R, Eth d. Mwanga. →Tembo JD (missing 7-9). R, Eth d. Mwanga. Nyakyusa NYY Knut Felberg . R, Eth ~-Ngonde. →Taabwa TAP HJ =Tabwa. V, R. Bemba BEM E. Hoch 1992. R. »Aushi Bisa LEB JD. R, Eth this and next dd. Lala-Bisa. →Lala HJ =Lala-Lamba. V, R. »Swaka R, Eth d. prev. Lamba LAB Clement M. Doke 1933. R. »Seba KDG Lenje LEH Ryohei Kagaya 1987. R. »Soli . Ila ILB Edwin W. Smith 1907; matches HJ and Dalby. R. Tonga TOI JD. R. *6Zone N Manda MGS TLS -JH Unggu, Ki-manda. R, V. . Matengo MGV TLS. R. . Mpoto MPA TLS. R. Tonga TOG Probably JD. R. Tumbuka TUW JD. R. »Lambya Nyanja NYJ R, V. Didn't record source, but it's identical to Chichewa exc. for prefixes. »Chichewa Orr and Scotton 1980 (but not in list!) →Senga HJ Chi-nsengga. R, V/Eth Nsenga. →Kunda KDN HJ Chi-mazaro or Chi-kunda. R, V. →Nyungwe NYU Victor José Courtois 1899 =Tete. R, V. Sena SEH P. Albano Albes 1939. R. →Rue HJ Chi-rue. R, V, Eth d. Sena. →Podzo HJ Chi-podzo. R, V, Eth d. Sena. *6Zone P Ndengereko NDE TLS Ndengeleko. R. . Ruihi RUI TLS. R, Eth Rufiji. . Matumbi MGW TLS; HJ =Ki-matumbi. V, R. . Ngindo NNQ TLS; HJ Chi-nggindo. R, V. »Mbunga Yao YAO JD. R. Mwera MWE Lyndon Harries 1950; #10 is from HJ. R. Makonde KDE M.Viegas Guerreiro 1963. R. »Ndonde NDS Mabiha Lyndon Harries n.d =Maw<sup>^</sup>iha (Miyula d.). Spelling modernized. R, Eth d. Makonde. Makua VMW Francisco Manuel de Castro 1933 = èmakua. R, Eth Makhuwa. →Lomwe NGL HJ. R, V. »Ngulu R, Eth alt. prev. →Chuabo CHW HJ I-chuabo. R, V Cuabo, Eth Chuwabo. *6Zone R S Mbundu MNF Not sure of source. HJ =Um-bundu. R, V Mbundu, Eth Umbundu. →Ndombe NDQ HJ. R, V. →Nyaneka NYK HJ =Olu-nyaneka. R, V. Nkumbi KHU E.O.J. Westphal, <i>Afr Lg Studies </i>1961. R, Eth Nkhumbi. →Kwanyama KUY HJ =Kuanyama. R, V. Ndonga NDG Derek Fivaz and Sakaria Shikomba 1986 =Oshindonga. R. I also have this from the same source as Herero, called Oshiwambo, wh. selon Eth = Ndonga. »Kwambi KWM »Ngandyera NNE Herero HER Oxford U. Press 1991. R, V. *6Zone S Shona SHD R. Zezuru JD. R, Eth d. prev. →Manyika MXC Malcolm Guthrie 1970 (6 numbers only). R, V d. Shona. Karanga C.S. Louw 1915 =Chikaranga. R, V, Eth d. Shona. →Ndau NDC HJ Chi-ndau. R, V Ndau d. Shona. Kalanga KCK C.M. Doke 1954. R, V d. Shona. Venda VEN JD. R. Setswana TSW R Tswana, V Tswana. Northern Sotho SRT Pam Wilken and I.S. Masola 1994. R, V. Sesotho SSO R.H. Moeketsi, Reader's Digest 1991. R/Eth Southern Sotho, V. →Lozi LOZ Owen O'Sullivan 1993 =Silozi (missinhg 6-9). R, V. Xhosa XOS R, V d. Nguni. . Zulu ZUU R, V d. Nguni. Swazi SWZ D.K.Rycroft 1981 =SiSwati. R Swati, V Swati d. Nguni, Eth Swati. Ndebele NDF James and Pamela Pelling 1974. R, V. Ngoni Probably JD. R. Eth alt. Zulu, or fa., or d. Nsenga, Nyanja, or Tumbala! Tswa TSC J.A. Persson, <i>Outlines of ~ Gram </i>1932. R, Eth Tshwa. . Tonga JD. R. Eth alt. next, or d. Ndau. (There's also Tongas in N and M, but this one definitely fits here.) Tsonga TSO EJM Baumbach 1987. R, V. Ronga RON José Luís Quintão = Xironga. R, V. Chopi CCE C.M. Doke 1954. R, V. Tonga-Imhambane TOH B. Collins 1962. R, V, Eth Gitonga. #ural *Uralic Proto- Finno-Ugric+ Miguel Carrasquer Vidal **Finnic Finnish FIN Peter Bergman 1968. R, V. Meänkieli FIT Morgan Nyman. Eth Tornedalian Finnish. Ingrian IZH Ruben Erik Nirvi, <i>Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja </i>1971 (JD). R. Karelian KRL Esa Anttikoski, U.Joensuu. R, V. Olonets OLO Esa Anttikoski, U.Joensuu. R, V Olonetsian d. Karelian, Eth Livvi. Ludic LUD Jennifer Runner =Ludian. R, V d. Karelian, Eth Ludian. Veps VEP Esa Anttikoski, U.Joensuu. R and V Vepsian. Sódjärv PP (from M. Zaitseva and M. Mullonen 1969). (PP lists this as Saami, but it looks more like Veps, and there is a North Vepse village called Sout'ärv) Votic VOD Frank Valoczy. R, V, Eth Vod. Estonian EST R, V. Livonian LIV Uldis Balodis. R, V. **Saami Saami (Lapp) R 3 lg, V 8 lg, Eth 11. Southern LPC Eliel Lagercrantz, <i>Sprachlehre des Südlappischen</i> 1923. R. Some exotic diacritics omitted. Northern LPR Johanna Laakso (official orthography). R. Eastern LPI Johanna Laakso =Inari. R. Lovozero G.M. Kerm in SOV, d. (identified by PP). Skolt LPK (a Russian d.) Jennifer Runner. **Permic Udmurt (Votyak) UDM Also Campbell 1991. R. Komi Zyrian KPV V.I. Lytkin in SOV. Also Campbell 1991 (matches). Corrections from Tropylium here and in Volgaic. Permyat KOI V.I. Lytkin in SOV. **Volgaic Mari (Cheremis) MAL Krasnova et al, <i>Reading Hill Mari Through Meadow Mari</i> 2017. Eth Low Mari. Gornomari MRJ Same as above. Eth High Mari. Mordvin MYV A.P. Feoktistov in SOV (Erzya d.) Moksha MDF JD **Ugric Hungarian HNG Peter Bergman 1968 Khanty KCA N.I. Tereshkin in SOV. Campbell 1991 Mansi MNS E.I. Rombandeeva in SOV. Campbell 1991 **Samoyed Proto-Samoyedic+ Juha Janhunen in <i>The Uralic Lgs</i> 1998 Selkup SAK E.D. Prokof'eva in SOV. V Ostyak Samoyed, R. Nenets YRK N.M. Tereshchenko in SOV. V Yurak Samoyed, R. Enets ENE JD. V Yenisei Samoyed, R. Nganasan NIO N.M. Tereshchenko in SOV. V Tavgy, R. Kamas+ XAS R Kamas, Eth ~ or alt. Kamassian. #alta **Turkic Old Turkic+ JD. R. *3Bolgar Chuvash CJU I.A. Andreev in SOV. Near = Campbell 1991, who has zh' where Andreev has (Cyrillic) ç-- but says it's a sibilant, not s or sh-- I've represented it as s'. *3Southern Turkish TRK Lewis V. Thomas 1967. R. Crimean Turkish CRH JD. R. Turkmen TCK N.A. Baskarova, B.A. Karryeva, M.Ya. Khamzaeva 1968. R. Khalaj KLJ Gerhard Doerfer 1988. R. Gagauz GAG L.A. Pokrovskaya in SOV. Also Jarel. R. Azerbaijani AZE Öztopçu, Abtlov, Kambarov, Azemoun, <i>Dict of the Turkic Lgs</i> 1996-- official orthography. R. →Qashqay QSQ JD (missing 6-9). R, Eth Qashqa'i. *3Eastern Uyghur UIG Abdulrakhim Aitbayev, CO Sch Mines Uzbek UZB Öztopçu, Abtlov, Kambarov, Azemoun 1996-- official orthography. Also Kamran M.Khakimov 1994 who just uses ç for ch, û for o'. Yellow Uighur YBE S.E. Malov, <i>Jazyk Zheltyx Uigurov</i> 1957. V, R Salar. Salar SLR Reinhard Hahn. V d. Yellow Uighur. Western Yughur Reinhard Hahn. Not in V or R, but v. close to Salar. Ramsey says “Yugur” is the Chinese term for Yellow Uighur; they are distinct from Salar. Eth says Western Yugur = Yellow Uighur. Fu-yü Gïrgïs Hu Zhenhua and Guy Imart 1987. Not in V or R or Eth, but close to Salar. Chagatay+ CGT János Eckmann 1966. Eth puts this here; not in V or R. *3Western Bashkir BXK A.A. Yuldashev in SOV. Campbell 1991 Karachay KRC M.A. Xabichev in SOV. also Jarel. R. Karaim KDR JD = Galits d.; also has Trakay d., differs just in #3-5. Both are also in K.M. Musaev in SOV, same exc. for transcription Kumyk KSK JD. R. Tatar TTR Öztopçu, Abtlov, Kambarov, Azemoun 1996. Baraba L.V. Dmitrieva in SOV =Barabin. R. Crimean Tatar E.V. Sevortyan in SOV =Barabin. R. Eth says either Judeo-Crimean Tatar (JCT) or Crimean Turkish (see Turkish). *3Central Kazakh KAZ Abdulrakhim Aitbayev Kyrghyz KDO Reinhard Hahn Nogai NOG N.A. Baskakov in SOV. Also Jarel (matches). R. Karakalpak KAC N.A. Baskakov in SOV. Also Jarel (matches). R. *3Northern Yakut UKT E.I. Ubryatova in SOV. Campbell 1991. R. Dolgan DLG JD. R. Khakas KJH JD. Also B.G. Karpov in SOV; matches exc. Karpov has Cyrillic i where J has e, and a Roman i where J has i! R. Altay ALT N.A. Baskakov in SOV. Campbell 1991 »Northern Altai Chulym CHU A.P. Dul'zon in SOV. R. Eth classes with Bashkir. Shor CJS N.A. Baskakov in SOV. R. Tuvan TUN Sh.Ch. Sat in SOV. Also Jarel (matches). R Tuva, V Tuva. Karagas KIM JD. R. **Mongolian Middle Mongolian+ Mikael Thompson, net. Classical Mongolian+ CMG Campbell, I think. Mikael confirms the identification. Mongolian KHK Mikael Thompson; also John G. Hangin 1968. V Khalkha, R Khalkha. Khorchin MVF Pavel Petrov. R, Et d. Peripheral Mongolian. Ordos Pavel Petrov. R. Buryat MNB T.A. Bermagaev in SOV. y in #3 is a `high out-back labial' vowel, whatever that means. Also Campbell. R Buriat. →Oirat Yakhontova 1996; this is a 17C source (PP). Eth either Darkhat DAY or Kalmuk. Kalmyk KGZ B.X. Todaeva in SOV. Also in Campbell (matches). Eth Kalmuk-Oirat. Eastern Yurghur YUY Reinhard Hahn . Not in R or V. But perh. = R's Yellow Uighur? Eth E. Yugur. Pao-an (Bonan) PEH Reinhard Hahn =Bonan. V, R, Eth Bonan. Dongxiang (Santa) SCE Reinhard Hahn =Dongxiang. R Santa, V: Tung-hsiang d.Pao-an. Monguor MJG Reinhard Hahn. R, Eth Tu. »Yellow Uighur See above? Dagur DTA Reinhard Hahn =Daghur. V, R, Eth Daur. Moghol MLG JD; some from Omeljan Pritsak, <i>Handbuch der Orientalistik </i>1964. R. **Tungusic Proto-Tungus+ Johannes Benzing, <i>Die tungusischen Sprachen </i>1955. Negidal NEG Sergei Starostin; #3 from Benzing 1955. Also B.D. Kolesnikova and O.A. Konstantinova in SOV; a little different. R. Even EVE K.A. Novikova in SOV. Also Campbell 1991 (a little different, not just diff. transcription) R. Evenki EVN O.A. Konstantinova in SOV. Also Campbell 1991. R. Solon Reinhard Hahn. R. Eth alt. Evenki. »Manegir Eth “may be related” to above. Orochon ORH Reinhard Hahn. R Orochon, V Orochon, Eth Oroqen. Manchu MJF Benzing 1955. R. Jurchen+ JUC György Kara in Daniels and Bright 1996. j's have a hachek. . Sibe (Xibo) SJO Reinhard Hahn. Not in R. V Sibo = Colloquial Manchu. Ramsey says they're basically a dialect of Manchu with separate nationality status in China. Nanay GLD V.A. Avrorin in SOV. Also Campbell 1991 (matches except C has ng for Cyrillic n-g!). R/V: group Nanaj, Eth Nanai. Hezhen Nanay Reinhard Hahn. Not in R or V. Ramsey says that these are just the Nanay who live in China (as opposed to Russia). »Akani Eth d. Nanay. »Birar Eth d. Nanay. Gold Benzing 1955. R. Eth alt. Nanay. Olcha ULC Sergei Starostin; #3 from Benzing 1955. R, Eth Ulch. Orok OAA Sergei Starostin. #3 from SOV. R. »Samagir Eth d. Nanay. Oroch OAC V.A. Avrorin and E.P. Pebedeva in SOV. Also Jarel (close match). R. Udihe UDE O.P. Sunik in SOV. R. *Korean Korean KKN B.J. Jones and Gene S. Rhie 1995 Sino-Korean B.J. Jones and Gene S. Rhie 1995 *Japanese Old Japanese+ OJP Campbell 1991 native JPN Samuel Martin 1954 Sino-Japanese Samuel Martin 1954 Okinawan: Irabu RYU Michinori Shimoji, <i>A Gram of ~</i>. R Ryukyuan. Ogami Thomas Pellard, <i>Élements de description d’un parler du sud des Ryūkyū</i> Yuwan Michinori Shimoji, <i>An Introduction to Ryukyuan Lgs</i> Old Okinawan+ Chihkai Lin, <i>A reconstruction of ~</i> Hachijō <i>Comprehensive Study on the state of extinction and preservation of the Hachijo Dialects</i> *Chukchi- Kamchatkan Chukchi CKT P. Ya. Skorik in SOV. Also Campbell 1991; #7-9 from Jarel. R, V Chukchee, Eth Chukot. Kerek KRK P. Ya. Skorik in SOV. R, V. Koryak KPY A.N. Zhukova in SOV. Also Campbell 1991. R, V. Alyutor ALR A.N. Zhukova in SOV. R, V/Eth Alutor. Kamchadal (Itel'men) ITL A.P. Volodin and A.N. Zhukova in SOV. Also Jarel (similar, 1-4 only). R, V, Eth Itelmen. *Yukaghir Yukaghir YKG JD (2 rather distinct d.). (N d. also in SOV.) R, V. S. Yukaghir YUX probably JD →Omok+ Carl Masthay (missing #4, 6-9). R. »Chuvantsy+ R, not in Eth. *Yeniseian Ket KET E.A. Kreynovich in SOV. Also Miguel Carrasquer Vidal, v. similar. Also have all but #8,9 in Starostin. R, V. Sym+ YUU Sergei Starostin (missing #8,9). Not in R or V unless it's Asan. This and rest Eth Yugh. Kott+ Sergei Starostin (#6-9 from Jarel) =Kottish. V Cottian. Arin+ Sergei Starostin (#8 from Ivan D.). V. Pumpokol+ Sergei Starostin (#8,9 from Ivan D). Not in R or V. *Gilyak Gilyak (Nivkh) NIV Ivan Derzhanski. Gilyak has 26 noun classes; I took class 1, “boats”, one of the simplest, from SOV; Ivan's set is the stems. Also Jarel (similar, but evidently another class). R, V, Eth. #sino *Sino-Tibetan Proto-Sino-Tibetan+ Glen Gordon. **Sinitic Proto-Chinese+ Dh (older than OC; informed by TB) Old Chinese+ OCH William H. Baxter 1992. Middle Chinese+ LTC William H. Baxter 1992; also Bernhard Karlgren 1923 =Ancient Ch.. Mandarin (Beijing) CHN T'ung and Pollard 1982; phonetic from Campbell, below Xi'an, Chengdu, Yangzhou Sergei Starostin (+ Jinan, Taiyuan, Hankou) Muping, Nanjing, Ürümqi, Wuhan James Campbell (www.glossika.com) Dungan DNG A. Kalimov in SOV. A d. of Gansu spoken in Kyrghyzstan! Jin (Píngyáo) CJY James Campbell. Eth Jinyu. Xiang (Changsha) HSN Sergei Starostin. Shuangfeng Sergei Starostin Wu (Shanghai) WUU Benjamin Ao (also Starostin) Suzhou R.A.D.Forrest 1948 (but #4, 9 from Starostin) Wenzhou Sergei Starostin Gan (Nanchang) KNN Sergei Starostin. Linchuan Campbell Cantonese, Hong Kong YUH Campbell Taishan Patrick Chew. N. Min (Jiano:u) MNP Campbell. Eth Min Bei. E. Min (Fúzho:u) CDO Mike Wright (also Starostin). Eth Min Dong. S. Min (Xiàmén) CFR Mike Wright (also Starostin). Eth Min Nan. Hailam S.C. de Souza, <i>~ Colloquial Chinese </i>1903 (JD). Hainanese Minnan from Singapore.Chaozhou Starostin Hakka dd. HAK Campbell *3Bai Bai (Minchia) PIQ Dh (Jianchuan, Dali, Bijiang). Ch has a good version, but it looks like it's Dali and I prefer having all 3 dd. R Minchia, V Bai and Tali. »Eryuan »Hoking **Tibeto- Burman Proto-Tibeto-Burman+ Paul K. Benedict, <i>Sino-Tibetan: A Conspectus </i>1972; also Dh. Sulung SUV Dh, Shri Aduk Tayeng, <i>~ Lg Guide </i>1990. Not in R or V; Eth TB N. Assam. Sherdukpen SDP James A. Matisoff, <i>Sino-Tibetan Numeral Systems: Prefixes, Protoforms, and Problems </i>1997 (JD). Not in R or V. Eth unclassified TB. *3Karen Proto-Karen+ Dh. →Wewaw WEA V, A; not in R. *4Pho Pho KJP Paul K. Benedict, <i>Sino-Tibetan: A Conspectus </i>1972 (but tones are from A). V, R, A Pwo (literary + 2 d.); Eth E. Pwo. Taungthu (Pa-o) BLK Paul K. Benedict 1972. V, R Pa-o, A, Eth Pa'o Karen. »Leke »Phlon *4Sgaw-Bwe →Bwe BWE V, R, A. Brä V Brè, Bræ d.Bwe, A. »Karenni V d.Bwe, A; Eth alt. E. or W. Kayah »Manö A, V Mano d.Bwe, Eth KXF Manumanaw »Zayein A, V d.Bwe, Eth KXK Kayah KYU JD. R; Eth W. Kayah Eastern Kayah EKY Li David B. Solnit, <i>~ </i>1997. =JD's except: 1 has schwa; 5 has 1st syl. only; no glottal stop in 5-9. →Yinbaw KVU V Yeinbaw d.Bwe; R Yinbaw, AYeinbå →Karenbyu (Geba) KVR V d.Bwe; R Geba sis.Bwe, A, Eth KVQ →Padaung PDU V d. Bwe, R sis. Bwe, A, Eth. . Gekho GHK Dh (rather close to A!). V Gheko, R, A, Eth Geko. Sgaw KSW Paul K. Benedict 1972. V, R, A Sgå, Eth S'gaw. . Mopwa Dh Palaychi. V Palaychi? or Bilichi d. Mopwa?, R, A (2 d.). Eth's Mopwa = d. Paku, but it has Palaychi as a d. Sgaw. Pakü KPP Dh Paku. R. »Brec Eth Karen/Brek KVL d. Bwe; R; V = Bwe! *3Tibetic 331, 153 + 327 *4Kaman Miju Mishmi (Kaman) MXJ Dh Mishmi Kiman. V Miju: Mishmi, A, R Kaman. Jarel also supplied “Miju” which seems to be a form of this, tho' it's just possibly what V has as Midu d. Digaro. *4Hruso Hruso (Aka) HRU Dh. A, V/R Hruso. *4Newari-Pahri Newari NEW Dh. A, V, R. Pahri Dh. A d.Newari, V Pahri d.Newari, R Pahri sis.Newari, Eth d. Newari. *4Digaro-Midu Digaru Mishmi MHU Jatan Pulu, <i>A Phrase Boook on Taraon Lg </i>1991 =Taraon; tones from Dh. V Diga:ru Mishmi, A; R Digaro, Dh/Eth Digaro. Idu CLK Pulu 1991. Dh Idu-Ind[ia]. V Chulikata Mishmi sis. Digaru, Eth Idu. Not in R. Lhoba Dh Idu-Lhoba, not in R. Eth alt. Idu. »Midu In case this is not the same as Idu. Eth alt. Idu. *4Tsangla Motuo TSJ Dh (also has Dirang). Not in V or R. Eth alt. TSJ Tshangla. *4Dhimal-Toto →Dhimal DHI Dh, V, A, R 600. →Toto TXO Dh, V, A, R. *4Adi-Nishi. Lepcha LEP Dh (may be old; #10 from A). V, R in Bodo-Naga-Kachin, A (Rong or Lepcha). →Adi ADI Dh (not sure if it's more recent!), V, R, A Abor. Miri ? Dh, A, V = Adi, not in R. →Dafla V sis. Gurung and Gyarung; A; R Tagen (wh.is in V as a d.), Eth alt. Nishi. Nishi DAP Shri Aduk Tayeng, <i>~ Phrase Book </i>1990. Also JD (no #1). Dh, R, Eth Nisi. Apatani APT JD. Dh, R. Yano JD. R, Eth rel. Nisi. Lho-pa (Bokar Adi) JD. R. Bokar Shri Arak Megu, <i>~ Lg guide </i>1990. Eth Boga'er Lhoba d. Adi, Dh Bokar Adi. Well, Dh has a “Bogar Lhoba” too, v. similar. *4Bodic Monpa MOB Dh (N and S dd.). R, Eth Moinba. Takpa TKK Dh. A, V d.Tibetan; Eth sis. Tibetan fa. Kaike KZQ James A. Matisoff, <i>Sino-Tibetan Numeral Systems </i>1997 (JD). R. →Ghale GHT Dh (#1-2 only). R. →Murmi TDG A, V, R Tamang. In Dh but seems = A (and missing #10). →Manang NMM Dh (missing some). R. →Gurung GGN V, R, A, Eth E. Gurung. Thakali THS Matisoff<i> </i>1997 (JD). Dh, R. Classical Tibetan+ XCT Stephan R. Beyer 1992. Tibetan TIC Anil Gupta 1992. R, V, A Bōṭia:. Ladakhi LBJ Campbell 1991 A/V d.Tibetan. »Spiti A/V d.Tibetan. »Ka:gate A/V d.Tibetan, Eth SYW, Sherpa SCR James A. Matisoff, <i>Sino-Tibetan Numeral Systems </i>1997 (JD). A Sherpa, V d.Tibetan. »Dänjongkä A/V d.Tibetan, Eth alt. Sikkimese SIP. »Hloka A d.Tibetan, V Lhoskad d.Tibetan. Dzongkha (Bhutanese) DZO JD. V d. Tibetan. Jaḍ D.D. Sharma 1989 (cf. Darmiya). V d. Tibetan. Stod Bothi SBU D.D. Sharma, <i>Tribal Lgs of Himachal Pradesh</i> 1989 =Tod. Not in R, Eth SBU. Zhang-zhung+ JNA JD. Dh, R, Eth Jangshung. Balti BFT A d.Tibetan, R d.West Tibetan. Purik A d.Tibetan, V d.West Tibetan, Eth BXR Sharma also has Marchha, Johari, unID'd. These are in Dh too. Johari = Eth d. Kumauni. *4Central Himalayan →Magari A, V, R Magar, Eth E. Magar. Raji D.D. Sharma 1989 (cf. Darmiya); sez in Munda! R; not in V. »Raute RAU →Kham Dh (1-3 only). R; Eth Takale Kham-- biggest of several Khams. →Kusunda JD (1-3 only). R. Vayu Boyd Michailovsky, <i>La langue Hayu </i>1988. 5-10 now Nepali. V, R, A, Eth Wayu. Chepang Dh. R. *4West Himalayan Bunan BFU D.D. Sharma, <i>Tribal Lgs of Himachal Pradesh</i> 1989. R, Eth alt. Gahri. →Thebor JD (missing #1, 10). R; Eth alt. Sungam or Shumcho or Jangshung! »Sumchu SCU Eth Shumcho »Sungam SSK Eth Sunam. Kanauri KFK Dh. V Kana:wari, R, A, Eth Kinnauri Chitkuli CIK D.D. Sharma, <i>A Compar Gram of the Tibeto-Himalayan Lgs </i>1994 (JD). R. »Tukpa TPQ →Kanashi QAS V, R, A Kanas'i. Manchati LAE Sharma <i>Tribal Lgs </i>1989. V, R, A, Eth alt. Pattani. →Chamba V, R Chamba Lahuli d.Manchati, A Chamba Lahuli. Rangloi LBF Sharma <i>Tribal Lgs </i>1989. R, Eth alt. Tinani. →Rangkas RGK V, R, A. Darmiya DRD D.D. Sharma, <i>Tibeto-Himalayan Lgs of Uttarakhand </i>1989. Dh, R. Chaudangsi CDN D.D. Sharma 1989; sez = Byangsi too. Dh, R. Byangsi BEE Gorind Mohan Trivedi, <i>Descriptive Gram of Byansi </i>1991. Also JD. R. →Thami THF V, R, A. →Bhramu BRD JD (1-5 only). R, Eth Baraamu. *4East Himalayan *5Western Thulung TDH Dh. A d.Khambu, V, R; Eth W →Chaurasya TSU A d.Khambu (#5,10 from Jarel), V, R, Eth Chourase. →Bahing RAR R, V, A d.Khambu, Eth W »Umbule R, Eth alt. Chaurasya. Sunwar SUZ Dh. V, R Sunwari, A; Eth W Dumi DUS George van Driem, <i>A Gram of ~ </i>1993. A d.Khambu, V, R; Eth W Khaling KLR Sueyoshi and Ingrid Toba 1975. A d.Khambu, V, R; Eth W →Rai A d.Khambu, V, R; Eth Rai includes many lgs. *5Central →Khambu V, R, A. Eth d. Kulung. →Nachereng NCD A d.Khambu, V, R; Eth Nachering, C . Kulung KLE Dh (but #10 from A). A d.Khambu, V = Khambu, R; Eth C →Rodong, Chamling A d.Khambu, V, R. Eth: Rodong = Kiranti (fam); Chamling = Camling C. →Waling WLY Dh, V, R, A d.Khambu; Eth C →Rungchhenbung BAP A d.Khambu; V d.Waling, R Rungchenbung; Eth d. Bantawa, C →Kiranti EMG JD =Mewahang; #s missing. R. He also has Bantawa wh. Eth has as a group overlying Waling, Rungchenbung etc. Eth Meohang, C. →Dungmali RAA A d.Khambu, V d.Waling, R; Eth C *5Eastern →Lambichong LMH Dh, V, R, A d.Khambu (1-3 only). Eth E →Athpare APH JD (#1-3, #8-9 only). R; Eth Athpariya E →Lohorong LBR V, R, A d.Khambu; Eth Lorung E Yamphu YBI Roland Rutgers, <i>Yamphu </i>1998. Not in V or R; Eth E →Yakha YBH Dh, V, A, R, Eth E. Limbu LIF George Van Driem 1987. Dh, V, R, A; Eth E (Thauchu A, not in V.) (Haurpa A, not in V.) *3Qiangic Many of these are newly investigated and not in R or V. Eth has them in Qiangic group-- some of them it used to have but no longer does! Matisoff's web page lists most of these here. Tangut+ (Sihia) TXG Campbell 1991. Ivan has another set; JD has one as Hsihsia, and A as S-hia. V/R Sihia. N Qiang CNG JD (Taoping, Mawo d.). Dh, R Ch'iang, V Ch'iang, Eth Northern Qiang. Note: JD's and Dh's Mawo are obv. from same source. →Dzorgai Henri Marie Gustave d'Ollone, <i>Lgs des Peuples Non-Chinois de la Chine </i>1912 (JD). R, Eth was Qiang/Dzorgai. →Kortse d'Ollone 1912. R, Eth was Qiang/Kortse. Ergong James A. Matisoff, <i>Sino-Tibetan Numeral Systems </i>1997 (JD). Dh (Er-go:ng, fairly sim.); Eth. »Pingfang R, Eth was Pingfang Qiang. Thochu Dh. R, Eth was Qiang/Thochu. Queyu QEY Dh Quèyù, 2 dd. Eth. Zhaba ZHA Dh Zhábà. Eth. S Qiang QMR Dh. Eth. Not sure which d. this is. Puxi Chenglong Huang 2004. d. S Qiang. . Ersu ERS Dh Ersu: (#10 is from Matisoff 1997, via JD). Eth Ersu. →Lyusu Dh Lyusu: (no #10). Eth Lisu d. Ersu. →Guiqiong GQI Dh Guìqióng (no #10). Eth. →Muya MVM Dh Mùya (no #10). Eth. Pumi PMI Dh. Eth N (PMI) and S Pumi (PUS). Shixing SXG Dh Shíxi:ng. Eth . →Namuyi MNY Dh Nàmùyì(no #10; also has a variant Namuzi). Eth in Lolo, sez Namuzi is autonym. Japhug rGyalrong JYA Guillaume Jacques 2015. V/R/A Gyarung, Eth alt. Jiarong. *3Baric →Deurī-Chutiya DER A, R Chutiya, not in V, Eth Deuri. . Bodo BRX Dalby. Dh Boro? A, V, R. . Dimasa DIS Dh (#10 from A). A Di:ma:-sa:, R, V d.Bodo. Tripuri TRP Dh. A =Tipura:; not in V; R; Eth Kok Borok. →Lalung LAX JD (1-3, 6, 10). A (2 #'s only) La:lung, R, not in V. »Moran+ R, Not in Eth. Garo GRT Campbell 1991 (identical to Dh). A, V. →Ko:ch KDQ A; R; V group incl Atong and Wanang A gives only #1...rest say `borrows from Bengali'. (JD says, from Assamese!) Atong AOT Dh. V. Eth A'tong. Tableng A, V Angwanku d.Tangsa, not in R, Eth d. Konyak. A has Banpara, Namsangia, Tamlu dd. →Chang NBC Dh. A, R, V d.Tangsa. Moshang NMH Dh. A, R, V d.Tangsa, Eth Monsang Naga. »Shangge Eth d. Tase Naga. Konyak NBE James A. Matisoff, <i>Sino-Tibetan Numeral Systems </i>1997 (JD). R. Wancho NNP Matisoff 1997. R. Nocte NJB Dh. R. Phom NPH Matisoff 1997. R. »Mon **Burmic *3Naga *4Meithei Meithei MNR Dh. A, V, R, Eth Meitei. *4Mikir Mikir MJW Dh, Dalby. A, R, V Naga-Mikir. *4Mru Mru MRO Dh. A w 'Burma', R, V Mro in Lolo-Moso? *4Northern Naga NB: Eth names in Naga and Kuki usually have `Naga' or `Chin' after them; e.g. Yimchungru Naga. I don't note this for individual languages. Yimchungru YIM James A. Matisoff, <i>Sino-Tibetan Numeral Systems </i>1997 (JD). R. Lhota NJH Campbell 1991 A Hlo:ta:, V Hlot, R =? Lotha, Eth Lotha. Lophomi NSA JD. R, Eth Sangtam. →Thukumi A, V, R, Eth d. prev. Pochuri NPO James A. Matisoff, <i>Sino-Tibetan Numeral Systems </i>1997 (JD), Dh. R. Mongsen JD. R, Eth d. Ao. →Yachumi A, V, not in R; Eth alt. Yimchungru. Ao NJO K.S. Gurubasare Gowda, <i>Ao Gram </i>1975. Also Campbell 1991 Dh, A, V, R. →Tengsa A, V Tensa, R. Not in Eth. *4Eastern Naga →Rengma NRE Dh (this is SW; he also has NW). A, V, R. Ntenyi NNL James A. Matisoff, <i>Sino-Tibetan Numeral Systems </i>1997 (JD). R. Meluri NLM Matisoff 1997. R. →Kezhama NKH A, R, V d.Simi, Eth Kezha. Mao NBI Matisoff 1997. Dh, R. →Zumomi Carl Masthay (#2, #8), JD (still missing #1, #9). R. Sema NSM Dh. A, V Simi, R has as group: Kezhama, Mao, Zumomi; Eth Sumi. →Sopvoma A, R Mao, V d.Simi, Eth alt. Mao. Angami NJM Dh. A, V, R. Chakrima NRI JD. R. *4Southern Naga →Maring NNG A, V, R. In Dh but seems = A. Tangkhul NMF Dh. Also in Dalby. A (also has Phadang d.), V, R. →Khangoi A d.Tangkhul, V Khunggoi, not in R. →Kupome Robert Shafer, <i>Introduction to Sino-Tibetan </i>1966-1974 (JD: missing 2,4,7,8). R, Eth d. Tangkhul. *3Kuki *4Western Kuki NMA Maram Dh. A, V w Naga, R →Kabui NKF A, V Kabiu, not in R. Liangmai NJN James A. Matisoff, <i>Sino-Tibetan Numeral Systems </i>1997 (JD). Dh, R. Nruanghmei NBU JD. R, Eth Rongmei. Khoirao NKI Dh. A, V d.Kabiu in Naga, R Zeme NZM Matisoff 1997. R. →Empeo A, V sis.Maram. Not in Eth; web sources say = Zeme. →Kwoireng NKE A, V, R =? Liangmai (since in V = Liya:ng), Eth Koireng. *4Northern Kuki Kamhau James A. Matisoff, <i>Sino-Tibetan Numeral Systems </i>1997 (exc. #1 from Eugénie J.A. Henderson, <i>London Oriental Series </i>15, 1965) (JD). R. Eth d. Thado. →Siyin CSY A, V, R. Thado TCZ Dh, A, V, R. Paite PCK H. Kamkhenthang, <i>Eng-Paite Dict </i>1972 (#4-8 from Jarel-- Matisoff 1977). R Vuite. →Ralte RAL JD (1-2 only!). R. Zo ZOM Dh Zou. R, Eth Zome. *4Old Kuki →Kyao JD (1-2 only!). R. Anal ANM Dh. A, V, R. →Lamgang LMK A Hiroi-Lamgang, V Hiroi-Lamgang 750, R, Eth Lamkang. →Kolhreng KMM A, V, R, Eth alt. Kom. Kom Dh. A.V, R. →Tarao TRO JD and Carl Masthay (missing #7). R. →Aimol AIM A, V 750 Aimal, R. →Chiru CDF A, V, R. →Purum PUB A, V 300, R. →Langrong Dh, A, V, R. »Southern Luhupa A website says it's the same as Tangkhul. →Hrangkhol HRA A, V, R. →Biate BIU JD (missing #7), Carl Masthay (#4). R, Eth Biete. →Hallam BHB A, V, R, Eth Falam. Dalby has this (=Falam), but I don't trust it. (All but the prefixes are the same as A, and he has a: for A's a-ring, which looks just wrong.) *4Central Kuki »Langet Not in Eth. Mizo JD. R. »Zahao Eth alt. Falam. Hmar HMR JD. Dh, R. →Pankhu PKH A, V, R. »Paang Eth d. Lushai. Haka CNH Verena Reichle 1981 =Bawm, A Lai, V, R, Eth Bawm. →Shonshe JD (missing #3, 10). R. Mara MRH JD. R. Tlongsai JD. R, Eth d. Mara. »Hawthai Eth Hlawthai d. Mara. »Sabeu Eth d. Mara. Lushai LSH Dh, Dalby. A Lushe:i, V in Central Chin (= Central Kuki) →Banjogi CZT A, V Zotung in Central Chin, Eth alt. Zotung. Taungtha Dh. A, V in Central Chin, not in Eth. *4Southern Kuki Sho CSH Dh. A, V Asho, R, Eth Asho. »Khyeng SHL Eth alt. Shendu or of Asho. »Khyang Eth alt. Sho. →Thayetmyo Chin A, V Thayetmo d.Asho, R Thayetmo, Eth d. Sho. →Minbu JD (#1 only!). R, Eth d. Sho. →Chinbon CNB A, V d. Asho, R. »Lemyo Eth d. Sho. . Chinbok MWQ Dh. A, V, R, Eth alt. Mün. . Yawdin Dh. A, V Yawdwin d.Chinbok, Eth d. Mün. »Ng'men Eth d. Mün. →Khami Dh, A, V, R. Khumi JD. R. »Ngala *3Kachin-Luic Kachin (Jingpo) CGP Dh. A Chingpå d.Kachin, V Chingpaw, R Jinghpaw, Eth Jingpho. »Hkauri Eth d. Jingpo. »Hka-hku Eth d. Jingpo. »Jili+ Eth d. Jingpo. →Andro A, R. V: Lolo-Moso (p.90), Eth d. Kado. »Sengmai Eth d. Kado. . Kadu KDV Dh (#3 from JD; #8 from same source as Kupome). R, Eth Kado. Sak Dh. R, Eth alt. Kado. »Chakpa Eth d. Kado. »Phayeng Eth d. Kado. Taman TCL Dh. R. Chairel Dh. A, R, V: Lolo-Moso; not in Eth. »Krangku Eth alt. Rawang. »Lungmi Eth d. Rawang. Nung Dh. A in Lolo-Moso, V in Bodo-Naga-Kachin, R, Eth alt Rawang. →Rawang RAW JD (#8,10 missing). R. »Zithung Eth d. Rawang. Drung DUU Dh (this is W; he also has E). R Trung. . Metu JD (2 sources). R, Eth d. Drung . Melam JD (2 sources). , Eth d. Drung. . Tamalu JD (2 sources). , Eth d. Drung. . Tukiumu JD (2 sources). , Eth d. Drung. *3Burmese-Moso *4Moso. Naxi, Na (Moso), Laze NBF Alexis Michaud 2011. Dh E, W Nakhi. A Mo-śo, V Moso, R two languages Moso and Naxi, Eth Naxi. →Gazhuo KTP Dh (no #10). Eth Kaduo sis. BYO Biyo. V =? Kadu. Not in R. *4Burmic Proto-Burmic Robbins Burling 1967. Written Burmese+ Dh. Burmese BMS John Okell 1989. A, R, V. A has several dd. . Lashi LSI Dh Lèqí (#10 from A). A, R, V in Bodo-Naga-Kachin. Maru MHX Dh Làngsù , A, R, V in Bodo-Naga-Kachin. . Phun HPO Dh (#10 from A), A (Samong, Megyaw), R, Not in V, Eth Hpon. Tsaiwa (Atsi) ATB Dh. A Szi, R, V Tsaiwa in Kachin group p. 83, Eth Zaiwa. Achang CAN Dh (Longchuan d.; he also has Luxi, Lianghe, and XD). A Maingtha d. V Ach'ang, R Achang. *4Lolo Proto-Lolo+ Robbins Burling 1967. But #1 is from David Bradley 1979. NB: Burling also gives <i>some</i> numbers from Lisu, Lahu, Akha. »Daignet, Duampu, Nameji R; not in Eth. »Pai-lang+, Tosu+ R; not in Eth. Nusu NUF Dh (N, C, S dd.). Not in V or R; Eth in Unclassified Lolo. Zaozou ZAL Dh. Not in V or R; Eth in Unclassified Lolo. Xa Pho (autonym Laghy) Jerry Edmondson, via CM. Newly described lg described as close to Yi of Sichuan and Yünnan. Not in Eth. *5Northern None of these but Sani are in Eth. »Thongho Pakishan Henri Marie Gustave d'Ollone, <i>Lgs des Peuples Non-Chinois de la Chine </i>1912 (JD). R. Kangsiangying d'Ollone 1912 (JD). R. Kiaokio d'Ollone 1912 (JD). R. Nee d'Ollone 1912 (JD). R. »Laichau, Nuoku, Liangshan Tudza d'Ollone 1912 (JD). R. P'ou-la d'Ollone 1912 (JD). R. »Sani Eth d. SE Yi below. →Ulu JD (#3,7,10 missing). R. Ko-p'u JD. R. Weining d'Ollone 1912 (JD). R. *5East Mung JD. R. Eth has both of these as d. Phunoi below. »Khoany JD has Black Lolo and White Lolo. V has Black and White Khoany, is that them? *5Central Lisu LIS Dh. A, V, R. . Nuoso (Yi) YIE Gerber, Standard Nuoso. A ñi d.Lolo, V, R Nyi. Eth: biggest of 8 Yi lgs. is Southeast Yi. Chökö JD. R, not in Eth. →Ahi A A-hi d.Lolo, V, R, Eth d. SE Yi. →Lolopho A Lo-lo p`o d.Lolo, V, R, not in Eth. Phupha JD. R, not in Eth. *5Southern Phunoi PHO David Bradley, "Proto-Loloish", in <i>Scandinavian Institute of Asian Studies, </i>Monograph Series No. 39, 1979 (JD). Dh, R. →Pyen PYY A, V, R. Bisu BII Dh (I also have a set from JD). R. Mpi MPZ JD. Dh, R. »Khaskhong R, V, Eth d. Phunoi. . Hwethom Auguste Louis Bonifacy, <i>Bulletin de l'Ecole Française d'Extrême Orient </i>5, 1905 (JD). R, V, Eth d. Phunoi. Akha AKA Dalby. Dh, A A-ka d.Lolo, V, R. →Ako A A-kö d.Lolo, V, R, Eth d. Akha. . Asong JD. R, Eth d. Akha. . Phana PHN JD (= Asong. Really?). R, Eth. Phana'. Menghwa JD. R. Eth mentions as related to Hani. Hani HNI Paul W. Lewis and Bai Bibo, <i>~-Eng Eng-~ Dict </i>1966 (but tones are from JD, from Hansson, <i>Lgs of the Tibeto-Burman Area</i> 1982). Dh, R. Lahu LAH James A. Matisoff, <i>The Dict of ~ </i>1988. A d.Moso, V, R. Lahu Xi KDS Dh. Eth Lahu Shi; V Luhusi d. Lahu; not in R *5Residual →Manyak MVM Dh, A; R in Residual Lolo; V in Burmese-Lolo sis.Moso, Lisu etc. Eth now in Qiangic. . Horpa ERO Dh, Carl Masthay. R. Eth with rGyarong. Menia JD. R. Eth d. Ersu (Qiangic). Muli JD. R, eth related to QMR S. Qiang. Ugong UGO Bradley 1979 (see Phunoi) (JD). R, Eth. sis. Phunoi. #seasia *ASIA Miao-Yao NB: R's classification is way out of date. He has a “Laka” I can't find in Dh. **Hmongic Hmong (Miao) BLU Modern orthography from Jennifer Runner. V, R. Bunu MWX Dh. R Punu. Eth fa of 5 lgs; biggest is Bu-nao. White Meo MWW Dh. Eth Hmong Daw. Green Miao (Mong Njua) Thomas Amis Lyman, <i>Dict. of ~ </i>1974. The +'s appear over the vowels and mean tone 214 plus glottalization. Also Dh, v. sim. Eth Hmong Njua. Chuanqiandian Dh. Eth fa. NE Dian Dh Diandongbei. Eth NE Dian Hmong. Qiandong HEA Dh Qián-do:ng, E Hmongic. Eth fam of 3 lgs, biggest is N. Qiandong. Xiangxi MMR Dh Xia:ng-xi:, N Hmongic. Eth fam of 2 lgs; biggest is W. Xiangxi. **Mienic Mien (Yao) IUM Dh Youmian, Highland Yao, Mien proper. V Mien, R Mien, A Man, Eth Iu Mien. Modern orthography: Jennifer Runner. Jinmen(Mun) MJI Dh, Mun-Sav. Eth Kim Mun. Biaomin BJE Dh. Eth Biao-jiao Mien. Zaomin BPN Dh. Eth Ba Pai. Xiaoban Dh, not in Eth. Banyao Dh, not in Eth.. **She She SHE Dh 2 d.; I listed LianHua. Eth. Jiongnai PNU Dh. Eth Jiongnai in Bunu, but Dh sez this is outdated. *Tai-Kadai **Kadai →Be ONB JD (missing #5,7). R, Eth Lingao. Nung Ven ENC (autonym En 42) Jerry Edmondson, via CM. Newly described lg. Eth En. *3Lati-Kelao (Ch Ge-Chi) Lati LBT Paul K.Benedict 1975. V, R, Eth Lachi. Kelao KKF V, R Gelao. Names of dd. from Eth (=Gelao) (V has none). Hagei Ch = Hakei or Akei Gelao. White Gelao Ch (as sep. lg, aka Tulao); Benedict =Southern. Red Gelao Ch (as sep. lg). Yiren Ch, not in Eth, R, V. *3Li-Laqua Li LIC V, R, Eth Hlai. Southern, Northern, Basadung, Seao, Dogang, Bupäli, White Sand d. Benedict. Ch moves Laqua and Laha out, calls this Li-Cun. Except the last, these are very hard to relate (either by name or looking at the actual number sets) to the 5 d. given by Ch or Eth: Ha, Meifu (Moifau), Qi (Gei), Bendi (Baisha, White Sand), Jiamao. Ha and Qi have the most speakers and I've added them to the list. PP supplies 7 d.: Bouhin, Lauhut, Moifau, Baisha, Yuanmen, Tongshen »Jiamao JIO Not in R. I have this from PP somewhere... Cun CUQ Ch. Eth; not in V or R. Laqua LAQ Paul K.Benedict 1975. Also Ch = Pubiao. V, R. Laha LHA Eugene Chan. R. *3Bu-rong Ch classifies Laqua and Laha here too, calls it Yang-Biao. Buyang BYU Ch 3 d. (Baha =largest, Ecun, Langjia). Eth Buyang; not in V or R. Yerong YRN Ch. Eth Yerong; not in V or R. **Lakkia Lakkia LBC JD. R. **Kam-Sui Proto-Kam-Sui+ V.I. Gokhman 1992 (PP). →Kam DOC JD (#4 from Dalby). 9 has a “t with a loop”. R; Eth is either DOC N. Dong or KMC S. Dong. Dong Long Yaochong and Zheng Guoqiao, <i>The ~ Lg in Guizhou Province </i>1998. Not in R-- this probably is Kam. →Sui SWI JD?. R. Mulao MLM V.I. Gokhman 1992 (PP). R. →Mak MKG JD. R. →Ai-Cham AIH Shi Lin and Cui Jianxin in Edmondson and Solnits, eds., <i>Compar Kadai </i>1988 (some #s). Not in R; Eth AIH. Maonan MMD V.I. Gokhman 1992 (PP). R. →Then TCT V.I. Gokhman 1992 (PP; missing #1). R, Eth T'en. **Tai Proto-Tai+ Dh. *3Southwestern Thai THJ Joe Cummings, <i>~ Phrasebook </i>1995. R. Lao NOL Russell Marcus 1970. R. Shan SJN V, R, A Shàn. →Ahom+ AHO V, A. →Khamti KHT R, V, A K`a:mti:; usually same as Ahom. Lü KHB William J. Gedrey, <i>The Lue Lg </i>1996. V, R, Eth KHB. →Khün KKH V, R, A. Et KKH Maw Linda Wai Ling Young, <i>Shan Chrestomathy: An Intr to Tai Mau: Lg and Literature Monograph Series No. 28 </i>1985 (JD). R, Eth d. Shan. Phu Thai PHT William J. Gedney, <i>Tai Dialect Studies </i>1997 (JD). R. »Phuan PHU Northern Thai JD. R. Southern Thai SOU Gedney 1997 (JD). R. White Tai, Black Tai BLT William J. Gedney, <i>Southwestern Thai Dialects </i>1994 (#s same; JD). R 2 langs. Eth White = Tai Dón TWH, Black = Tai Dam BLT. Red Tai TYR Gedney 1994 (JD). R, Eth Tai Daeng. Tay Nua TDD Gedney 1994 (JD) =Nua. R, Eth Tay Nüa. »Ya CUU Eth Tai Ya. Yuan CUU JD. R, Eth alt. Northern Tai. →Yunnan Shant'ou Chan Yin-tang in <i>Jnl of the West China Border Research Society </i>v16, 1945 (JD). R, not in Eth. *3Central Nùng NUT Janice E. Saul and Nancy Freiberger Wilson 1980. Eth alt. Tho. Tay THO Gábor Sándi, from informant Ta Van Noan. R. Man MLC Cao-lan JD. R. Tho William J. Gedney, <i>Tai Dialect Studies </i>1997 (JD. R. Eth Tày. →Tien-pao Fang Kuei Li, <i>Handbook of Compar Tai </i>1977 (#2,8,9 missing) (JD). R. →Ts'un-lao TSL JD (#2,4,6,9 only). R. »Yung-chu'un R, not in Eth. Lung-chow JD. R, not in Eth. *3Northern N. Zhuang CCX Patrick Chew, sci.lang (Wuming (standard) d.). Dh, R, V Chaung. S. Zhuang CCY Patrick Chew, sci.lang (Longzhou d.). Dh, R, V Chaung. It's Ramsey that considers this two languages and his info is more recent than R and V. »Ch'ien-chiang . Puyi (Bouyei) PCC Eugene Chan . V = subgroup w/in Northern Tai; Eth Bouyei. Giay JD. R; Eth alt. Nhang. →Hsi-lin Fang Kuei Li, <i>Handbook of Compar Tai </i>1977 (missing #8) (JD). R. »Kwei-yang, Ling-yun, Lung-an R; not in Eth. Nhang NHA JD. R. . Po-se William J. Gedney, <i>Tai Dialect Studies </i>1997 (JD; #9 from E.H.S. Simmonds, <i>Indo-Pacific Lg Studies </i>1965). R. »Qui-chau R; not in Eth. Saek SKB JD. R. →Tien-chow Fang Kuei Li, <i>Handbook of Compar Tai </i>1977 (#1,8,9 missing) (JD). R, not in Eth. »T'ien-pa R; not in Eth. . Zhongjia Henri Marie Gustave d'Ollone, <i>Lgs des Peuples Non-Chinois de la Chine </i>1912 (JD). R; Eth alt. Nhang. »Tushan R; not in Eth. Wu-ming JD. R; not in Eth except as d. N Zhuang which it clearly isn't. Yay JD. R. Eth possibly = YOY Yoy, or an alternate name for Nhang. #austro **Mon-Khmer Bugan BBH Jinfang Li in <i>Mon-Khmer Studies XXVI</i>, 1996. Not in R or V; hard to place. *3North 334 *4Viet-Muong Proto-Viet-Muong+ Laurence C. Thompson, <i>Austro-Asiatic Studies </i>pt. 11, 1976. Vietnamese, Sino-~ VIE Laurence C. Thompson 1965. This is Hanoi d. R, V. Saigon Thompson 1976. Muòng MTQ JD. Also Thompson 1976, with minor differences. R, V. May (Ruc) SCB JD =Ruc. R, V May d. Muong; Eth d. Chut. Tay Pong HNU David Thomas 1976. R Poong; Eth d. Hung. Thavung THM JD. R; Eth Aheu. »Pakatan PKT Eth d. Maleng. Arem AEM David Thomas, <i>Linguistics </i>174, 1976. R. *4Khasi Khasi KHI David Thomas 1976. R. . Amwi AML Carl Masthay. R. *4Palaungic *5East. Palaung PCE David Thomas 1976. Suspiciously similar to A. Eth either Pale, Shwe, Rumai. »Da'ang, Bonglong R. Not in Eth. »Shwe WWE Rumai RBB G.H. Luce, "Danau", <i>Indo-Pacific Lg Studies Pt. 1 </i>1965 (JD). R, Eth ~ Palaung. »Pale Eth Pale Palaung. →Yin, Riang RIL A, V: Riang-lang; R: Riang. Eth Riang (Yin is alt.). →Danau DNU A Danå, V: Danaw; R: Danau. *5West Lamet LBN JD. R. Khamet JD. R. Eth says this is the Thai name of Lamet (which is the Lao name). »Phang LWL Eth d. Eastern Lawa. →Plang BLR Debbie Paulsen, <i>Mon-Khmer Studies</i> 1992, Kontoi d (missing #10). Eth Blang. Also has Shinman and Samtao, in neither R nor V. Eth has Samtao as d. Kiorr. →Tai-loi TLQ A, V: d.Wa or Angku; R: l.under Waic. Kem Degne JD. R. →Wa V: Palaung-Wa; R: Palaungic. Eth alt. Parauk or Vo. Lawa LCP JD. R. Eth Western Lawa. La WBM JD. R. Eth d. Vo. Phalok PRK JD. R. Eth Parauk. →Son A, V: d.Wa; R: sis.Wa; Eth d. Vo. →En A, V: d.Wa; R: sis.Wa; Eth d. Vo. »K'ala Eth alt. or d. Plang. →A Mok MQK A, V: d.Angku; R: =? Mok, l.under Angkuic. Eth Mok. »Angku Eth Angkuic fa; or = next. »Kon Keu ANG. →Pou Ma Prince Henri d'Orléans, <i>From Tonkin to India by the Sources of the Irawadi, </i>1898 (JD). R; not in Eth. »Kiorr XKO. P'uman UUU JD. R. There's another P'uman above; don't know which this is. Eth alt. UUU. Hu HUO Jan-Olof Svantesson in JHCS Davidson, <i>Essarys in honor of H.L. Shorto </i>1991 (JD; 1-5 only). Eth Angkuic; not in R or V. *4Khmuic Khmu' KJG JD. R, Eth Khmu, Mal MLF JD. R. »Phray PRY R, Eth Pray3. »Phaï PRJ R, Eth Phai. Yumbri Hugo Adolf Bernatzik and Emmy Bernatzik,<i> The Spirits of the Yellow Leaves </i>1958, via JD (sez there are no numbers! these are glossed as `little', `much') . R. Mrabri MRA David Thomas 1976. R. →Puôc PUO David Thomas 1976 (1-4 only). V, not in R. *3East *4Katuic *5West So SSS JD. R, Eth Sô. Bru BRU Thomas 1966 (see Chrau) =Brôu. R. »Mangkong R, Eth d. Bru or Sô. »Tri R, Eth d. Bru. »Chali R, Eth d. Bru or Sô. »Khua XHU »Leung, Galler R, not in Eth. »Kaleu R, Eth d. Sô. Vãn Kiê`u Nguyên Van Tài, <i>Mon-Khmer Studies XXII</i>, 1993. V, Eth alt. E. Bru. Suei JD. R, Eth d. Kuy. Na Nhyang JD. R, Eth d. Kuy. Kuy KDT JD. R. »Yeu R, Eth Nyeu. *5East »Katang KGD R, Eth Kataang. Tareng TGR JD. R. Pacoh PAC Richard L. Watson, <i>Linguistics </i>174, 1976. R. »Phuong PHG Katu KTV JD; also Thomas 1966. Also in Watson, but JD's look better. R, Eth This or KUF West Katu. Kantu JD. R, not in Eth. »Thap R, not in Eth. »Ta-Oy TTH R, Eth Uppper Ta'oih. »Tong TTO R, Eth TTO Lower Ta'oih. →Ong OOG JD (1-4, 6 only). R. »Kha, Kha Koh In R, not in Eth. Ngeq NGT Richard L. Watson, <i>Linguistics </i>174, 1976. R. »Nkriang R, Eth alt. Ngeq. *4Khmer Old Khmer+ Philip N. Jenner, <i>Linguistics </i>174, 1976. Khmer KMR Philip N. Jenner 1976. R. *4Bahnaric *5South Stieng STI David Thomas, <i>Linguistics </i>174, 1976. Also Dh. R, Eth either Bulo Stieng or Budeh Stieng. Chrau CHR David Thomas<i> </i>1976. Also Dh. R. Sre JD. R, V d. Ko'ho, Eth d. Koho. »Maa' R, V d. Ko'ho Ko'ho KPM David Thomas<i> </i>1976 (Chil d.). V, not in R (but it is in Dh), Eth Koho. Biat JD. R, V d. C Mnong, Eth d. C Mnong. Eastern Mnong MNG David Thomas<i> </i>1976 (Rlo'm d.). Also Dh. R. Central Mnong MNC David Thomas<i> </i>1976. Also Dh. R. »Southern Mnong MNN. *5West Loven LBO David Thomas 1976. R, Eth Laven. Lave BRB David Thomas 1976. R. »Sok SKK Sapuan SPU Paul Sidwell and Pascale Jacq, <i>A Handbook of Comp Bahnaric </i>2003. Cheng IEG Sidwell and Jacq 2003. R, Eth JEG Jeng. Suq SQQ Sidwell and Jacq 2003 = Su'. R, Eth SQQ Sou. Nyahöñ NEV JD. R, Eth Nyaheun. »Prouac JD gave me a source, but says that it's really Brao. R, Eth alt. Lave. Oi OYB David Thomas<i> </i>1976. R, Eth Oy. »The THX. Brao JD. R, Eth alt. Lave. Kru'ng KRR Sidwell and Jacq 2003. »Kravet KRV Lavi Sidwell and Jacq 2003. Newly described, not in R nor Eth. *5Central Bahnar BDQ JD. R. Alak ALK JD. R. →Tampuan TPU JD (missing #2). R. »Lmam LMM Eth Lamam. *5North »Takua TKZ Cua CUA Kenneth Gregerson, Kenneth Smith, and David Thomas, "The Place of Bahnar within Bahnaric", in <i>Austroasiatic Studies </i>v1 1976 (JD). R. »Kayong KXY. Rengao REN JD. R. »Duan HLD R, Eth Halang Doan. Jeh JEH JD. R. Halang HAL JD. R. Sedang SED Kenneth D. Smith 1979. I substitute o, ɔ for his ô, o, and ə for o'. R. Hrê HRE JD. R. »Monom MOO. Modra Kenneth D. Smith, <i>Linguistics </i>174, 1976. R, Eth alt. Didra. Didra TDR Kenneth D. Smith, <i>Linguistics </i>174, 1976. R, Eth Todrah. *4Pearic Pear PCB Robert K. Headley, <i>Mon-Khmer Studies VII</i>, 1978 =Pearic. R, V. Bolyu PLY Jerold A. Edmondson, <i>Mon-Khmer Studies</i>, 1995. Not in R or V, but closest to these languages; Eth Palyu. »Suoy SYO. Samre SCC David Thomas<i> </i>1976. R. »Somray SMU →Chong COG JD (1-6), Thomas (6-9), Masthay (10). R. »Sa'och SCQ. *3South *4Monic Old Mon+ Philip N. Jenner, <i>Linguistics </i>174, 1976 Mon MNW Philip N. Jenner 1976. A Talaing, R. Nyah Kur CBN JD. R. *4Aslian NB: Diffloth says that higher numbers are Malay. *5Semang →Che' Wong CWG JD (1-6 only). R, Eth Chewong. →Kensiu KNS Gérard Diffloth, <i>Linguistics </i>174, 1976 (#1 only; #2, 3, 6 from JD). R. →Kenta' Bong KNQ Diffloth 1976 (#1-2 only) =Kentaq Bong. R, Eth Kintaq. →Mos JD (1-6 only). R, Eth alt. Kensiu or TNZ Tonga. . Jehai JHI David Thomas<i> </i>1976 (1-5 only). R. →Menriq MNQ Diffloth 1976 (#1 only; 2-3 from JD). R, Eth Minriq. →Bateg Deh MTQ Diffloth 1976 (#1 only; #3 from JD). R Bateg Deq; Eth this and next d. Batek. →Bateg Nong Diffloth 1976 (#1 only; 2-3 from JD). R. →Mintil MZT JD (1-3 only). R. *5Senoic →Semai SEA JD (1-7 only). R. Temiar TMH JD. R. →Lanoh LNH Diffloth 1976 (#1-2 only; #3 from JD). R. →Sabum SBO JD (1-3 only). R; Eth Sabüm. →Semnam SSM JD (1-3 only). R. →Jah Hut JAH Diffloth 1976 (#1-2 only; #3 from JD). R. *5Southern. Mah Meri MHE Diffloth 1976 (1-3 only; rest from JD from a 19C source). R; Eth Basisi. Semaq Beri SZC Diffloth 1976. R. →Semelai SZA Diffloth 1976 (#2 from JD). R. Temoq TMO JD. R. *4Nicobar Islands Nicobarese NCB A.R. Das, <i>A Study on the ~ Lg </i>1977. Underline is really an under-tilde. R. →Nancowry Roepstorff 1875. Also have M.Plaisant's Teressa, v. similar R. Shompen SII JD. Also (diff. version) Roepstorff 1875. R; Eth Shom Peng. Car CAQ Jean Critchfield Braine, <i>Linguistics </i>174, 1976 **Munda *3North Mundari MUW Campbell 1991 . Dh, V, R, A (d. Kherwari). Bhumij N. Ramaswami, <i>~ Gram </i>1992. V d. Mundari. →Ho HOC R. Korwa KFP JD. R. →Birhor BIY JD (could use one modern set). R. Asuri ASR JD. R. Santali SNT Henri Maspero in Meillet and Cohen 1952. Dh, V, R, A (d. Kherwari). Turi TRD JD. R. →Kurku KFQ V , R Korku, A; Eth Korku. *3South →Kharia KHR V, R, A. Juang JUN JD (after Das Gupta, #1-4 only; remainder is presumably a later set, with 4 having become cha:ri). V, R, A (#1-3 only). Gorum PCJ JD. R; Eth Parenga. Sora SRB David Stampe and Patricia Donegan. V, R, A Savara. »Juray JUY. →Gutob GBJ V, R, A Gadaba; Eth Bodo Gadaba. Remo BFW JD. R; Eth alt. Bondo. Gta' GAQ JD. R 2 langs.; V Gata'. »Plains/Hill Gta' R; Eth d. Gta'. *ASIA Ainu Ainu+ AIN R. Proto-Ainu, Kuril, Sakhalin JD. #anes *Austronesian Proto-Austronesian+ Robert A. Blust. **Atayalic Atayal TAY Ch 4 d, V, R. Sedeq TRV Ch Sediq 4 d, V Seediq, R; Eth Taroko. **Tsouic Rukai DRU Ch 5 d (Taloma, Bud, Maga, Tona, Mantauran), V, R. Tsou TSY Ch 2 d, V, R. Kanakanabu QNB Ch Kanabu, V, R. Saaroa SXR Ch, V, R. **Paiwanic Bunun BNN Ch 2 d., V, R. Paiwan PWN Dalby. Ch 3 d., V, R. Puyuma PYU Ch 3 d., V, R, Eth Pyuma. Saisiyat SAI Ch 2 d., V, R. Ami ALV Ch Amis 2 d., V, R, Eth Amis. *3Sinicized Kavalan CKV Ch, V, R. Pazeh+ PZH Ch 2 d., V, R. Thao SSF Ch, V, R. Ketangalan+ KAE Ch, V, R. »Basay+ Taokas+ TOA Ch, V, R. Papora+ PPU Ch, V, R. Babuza+ BZG Ch, V, R. Hoanya+ HON Ch, V, R. Siraya+ FOS Ch 4 d., V, R, Eth Siraiya. Luilang Ch lists this here, but it's not in V or R or Eth. **Western Chamorro CJD NU; Ch has essentially same numbers. V, R. Modern #s from Dalby. Palauan PLU NU; Ch has a mildly differing set. V, R. Yapese YPS Ch, V (listed w Micronesian), R. *3N Philippines *4N Luzon *5N Cordilleran Isnag ISD Ch, R; V lists as a group Isneg = Barran, Bayag, Itawi, Malaweg. Yogad YOG Ch, V, R. Adasen TIU Ch, R. Malaweg Ch 2 d., V, R. Agta DUO Ch, R, V lists 3 Agtas in different groups; Eth has half a dozen of which biggest is Dupaninan Agta. Itawis ITV Llamzon Itawe or Kalua. V Itawi, R Itawis, also 2 d. in Ch; Eth Itawit. Gaddang GAD Ch, V (as 2 l.), R. →Ga-dang GDG JD (1-4, 10 only). R, Eth Ga'Dang. Ibanag IBG Llamzon. V, R. Atta ATT Ch, R, V 500. Eth has four of which Pamplona Atta is the biggest. Others ATH Faire, ATP Pudtol, DYG Villa Viciosa. Umiray DUE Dumaget Ch, R. SE Cagayan Agta AGT Ch 4 d., R, V =? Central Agta, Eth Central Cagayan Agta. Kasiguranin KSN Ch, R. Casiguran Dumagat DGC Ch, R, V. Paranan AGP Ch, R. *5Ilokano Ilokano ILO Campbell 1991 *5SC Cordilleran *6Central Cordilleran Isinai INN Ch, R, V. Itneg JD. R. Eth has four: ITB Binongan, ITI Inlaod, TIS Masadit, ITT Southern. Kalinga Llamzon Kalingga. R 4 langs, V 1. Eth has eight: KYB Butbut, KMK Limos, KML Lower Tanudian, KNB Lubuagan, KKG Mabaka Valley, KMD Madukayang, KSC Southern, KGH Upper Tanudian; these cover at least some of the following. »Kalinga-Itneg North Kalinga KMK Ch, R; V has Kalinga as one l. South Kalinga KSC Ch, R. Balangaw BLW Ch, R, Eth Balangao. Kiangan IFU Llamzon =Ifugaw or Kiangan. R has 3 Ifugaos (C, E, Kiangan), V four; but both have Kiangan as a lang. Not same as any of Ch's two Ifugaos-- I'm going to take it as Kiangan. Eth has four: IFA Amganad, IFB Batad, IFU Mayoyao (biggest), IFK Tuwali. Central Ifugao IFK Ch, R. Based on V's alt. names this is prob. Eth's Tuwali. Batad Ifugao IFB Leonard E. Newell, <i>~ Dict </i>1993. »East Ifugao Ch has as just Ifugao, R. »Sadanga R; Eth d. Central Bontok. Central Bontok BNC JD. R, Eth BNC. East Bontok BKB Takashi Fukuda, <i>A Discourse-Oriented Gram of ~ </i>1983 (Kadaclan d.).<i> </i>Eth E BKB, S is alt. of East. »South Bontok R, but Eth alt. prev. →Kankanay KAN Llamzon Kankana-i. R 4 langs, V 1. Ch has two very sim. langs., neither the same as Llamzon. »Kankanay-Itneg Not in Eth. »C, S Kankanay C = Eth KNE Kankanaey. N Kankanay JD. R. Iyaplay Gábor Sándi, from informant Geraldine Cacho, spoken in “Western MP”. Not in R, V, or Eth. Closest to this subfa. *6Southern Cordilleran Ilongot ILK Ch 4 d., R, V. Pangasinan PNG Llamzon. V, R; also in Ch. »I'wak IWK Eth I-wak. Inibaloi IBL Ch, R, V Inibaloy, Eth Ibaloi. Karaw KYJ Ch, R, Eth Karao. North Kallahan KAK Ch Kallahan, R, Eth Kayapa Kallahan or TNE Tinoc Kallahan. South Kallahan IFY Ch Keley-i Kallahan, R; Eth Keley-i Kalanguya. *4Bashiic-C Luzon-N Mindoro *5Bashiic Yami YMI Ch 2 d., R, V Itbatayen Ch Itbayat, R, Eth Itbayaten d. Ivatan. Ivatanen Ch 2 d., R, not in Eth. Babuyan Ch, R, V in Palawanic. Eth alt. next. Ivatan IVV Llamzon. R = 3 above lgs, V one lg, Eth IVB Ibatan or IVV Ivatan. *5Central Luzon Sinauna AGV Ch, R, Eth Remontado Agta. Kapampangan PMP Llamzon Pampanggo. R, V/Eth Pampangan; also in Ch. Tina SNA Ch Tina Sambal, R, V Tino d. Sambali, Eth Tina Sambal. Botolan SBL Ch, R,V =? Iba d. Sambali, Eth ~ Sambal. Bolinao SMK Ch, R,V d. Sambali. Alangan ALJ Ch web, R. »Iraya IRY »Tadyawan TDY *3S Philippines *4Subanon W Subanon SUC Ch web. V Subanun; R has only Siocon Subanon. »Kalibugan SKN R, Eth Kolibugan Sabanon. »Sindangan SUS R, Eth Central Subanen. »Salug STB R, Eth N. Subanen. »Lapuyan LAA R, Eth ~ Subanun. *4Manobo »Kagayanen CGC Binukid BKD Llamzon also Bukidnon. R, V Bukidnon. »Kinamigin MKX Eth Cinamiguin Lgs after this have Manobo in their Eth name: e.g. Matigsalug Manobo. Obo OBO Ch, R, V d. Bagobo. Ata ATD Ch, R, V. Tigwa Ch, R, Eth d. next. Matigsalug MBT Gábor Sándi, from informants Datu Cosme M. Lambayon and Datu Lorenzo A. Gawilan Jr. Ch has 2 d., neither same as Gábor's! Not in V or R; Eth has sep. lg. in Ata-Tigwa group. Agusan MSM Ch, R, V. Dibabawon MBD Ch, R, V Dibabaon. Rajah Kabungsuan MQK Ch, R. Ilianen MBI Ch, R. Western Bukidnon MBB Ch, R. Tagabawa BGS Ch, R. Sarangani MBS Ch, R, V Balud d. Bilaan. Kalamansig Ch, R. Tasaday MTA Ch, R, Eth Cotabato. *4Danao Magindanao MDH Llamzon Magindanaw. R, V Maguindanao; also in Ch; Eth Magindanaon. Maranao MRW Llamzon Maranaw. R, V; also in Ch. Iranon ILL Ch, R, Eth Ilanun. *3Mid Philippines 340, 42 *4South Mangyan Hanunoo HNN Llamzon Hanunoo-Mangyan. R, V Hanunóo; also in Ch. Buhid NKU Ch, R, V. Tabuid TWB Ch, R; Eth W Tawbuid. *4Kalamian Kalamianen TBK Ch, R, V Kalamian, Eth Calamian Tagbanwa. Agutaynon AGN Ch, R, V d. Kalamian(en), Eth Agutaynen. *4Palawan Batak BTK Llamzon. Ch, R. Tagbanwa TBW Llamzon Aborlan-Tagbanwa. R, V Tagbanua; also Ch. Palaweño PLC Ch, R, V Palawano, Eth Central Palawano; also exists PLV SW, PLW Brooke's Point Molbog PWM Ch, R. Banggi BDG Ch, R, Eth Bonggi. *4Central Philippines *5Tagalog Tagalog TGL NU libes; also in Ch. V, R. »Lubang Eth d. prev. →Marinduque JD (need #6, 8-10). R; Eth d. Tagalog. *5Bikol Bikol (Naga) BKL Mintz: Bikol, Naga City d. V entire fa, R Naga; also in Ch; Eth Central Bicolano. »Virac BLN R; Eth S. Catanduanes Bicolano »Libon BHK R; Eth this and next three dd. Albay Bicolano »Oas »Daraga Buhi Ch, R, V d. Bikol. Iriga BTO Ch, R, Eth Iriga Bicolano »Pandan CTS Eth N Catanduanes Bicolano *5Mansakan →Davaweño DAW Ritsuko Yamami, <i>A preliminary ~ Kalagan Gram </i>1985 (#2-4,7 only). R; Eth Davawenyo Kamayo KYK Ch, R. »Isamal R; Eth d. Kalagan below »Caraga MRY R; Eth Karaga Mandaya Mandayan Ch, R, V (unclassified). Eth fa; besides next there are MST Cataelano and MYT Sangab Mansakan MSK Ch, R, V, Eth Mansaka. Kalagan KQE Ch (also Ismal, presumably a d.; but V. lists an Isamal...), R. Tagakaolo KLG Ch, also Gábor Sándi (kasya is from his informant), R, V, Eth Tagakaulu Kalagan *5Mamanwa Mamanwa MMN Llamzon. R, V Manmanua; also Ch. *5Bisayan Surigaonon SUL Ch, R, V d. Cebuano. Jaun-Jaun Ch, R, Eth d. prev. Kantilan Ch, R, V d. Cebuano, Eth d. Surigaonon Tausug TSG Llamzon. R, V Taw Sug; also Ch. Butuanon BTW Ch, R, V. Cebuano CEB John U.Wolff 1967. R, V Sebuano; also Ch. Boholano Ch, R, V Bohol, Eth d. prev. Gubat SRV Ch, R. North Samar JD. R, Eth d. next. Waray WRY Llamzon. R, V; also Ch, Eth Waray-Waray. Camotes PRH Ch, R, Eth Porohanon. Bantayan Ch, R, Eth d. Hiligaynon. Masbate MSB Ch, R; Eth BKS Masbute Sorsogon or, more likely, MSB Masbatenyo. Ilonggo HIL Llamzon Ilonggo. R/Eth Hiligaynon, V. Romblonanon ROL Ch, R, V Romblomanon. Banton BNO Ch, R, V, Eth Bantoanon. Odionganon Ch, R, Eth d. prev. Kuyunon CYO Ch, R, V, Eth Cuyonon. Datagnon BTN Ch, R, V =? Ratagnón d. Cuyunon, Eth Ratagnon. Kinaraya KRJ Ch, R, V Kinaraya. Pandan Ch, R; Eth see Pandan in Bikol. Looknon LOC Ch, R, Eth Inonhan. Bulalakawnon Ch, R, Eth d. prev. Aklanon AKL Ch, R, V. *3S Mindanao Bagobo BGI Ch, R, V, Eth Giangan. Tiruray TIY Ch, R, V. Tboli TBL Ch, R. Bilaan BIK Llamzon. R 2 langs, V 1. Ch has R's 2 langs., almost identical but not = Llamzon! Eth has BIK Koronadal Blaan and BIS Sarangani Blaan. *3Celebes 342, 99 *4Sangir-Minahasan Talaud TLD Scott Merrifield and Martinus Salea, <i>North Sulawesi Language Survey, </i>SIL 1996. Ch, R, V. Sangir SAN Merrifield and Salea 1996. Ch, R, V w Hesperonesian p. 157. Sangil SNL Ch, R, V =Sangir. Bantik BNQ Merrifield and Salea 1996. Ch, R, V. Ratahan RTH Merrifield and Salea 1996. Ch, R, V. Tonsea TXS Merrifield and Salea 1996; #8 corrected by native speaker Stanley BCT. Ch, R, V Tonsea'. Tondano TDN Merrifield and Salea 1996. Ch, R, V. Tombulu TOM Merrifield and Salea 1996. Ch, R, V. Tontemboan TNT Merrifield and Salea 1996. Ch, R, V. Tonsawang TNW Merrifield and Salea 1996. Ch, R, V. *4Mongondow-Gorontalo Ponosakan PNS Merrifield and Salea 1996. Ch, R, V d. Mongondow. Mongondow MOG Merrifield and Salea 1996. Ch, R, V. Bintauna BNE Merrifield and Salea 1996. Ch, R. Kaidipang KZP Merrifield and Salea 1996. Ch, R, V Kaidipan. Bolango BLD Merrifield and Salea 1996. R, Eth d. prev. Atinggola Merrifield and Salea 1996. Ch, R, V Bulanga-Uki. Suwawa SWU Merrifield and Salea 1996. Ch, R, V. Gorontalo GRL Merrifield and Salea 1996. Also Campbell 1991. R, V. Buol BLF Ch, R, V. *4Central Sulawesi *5Banggai Banggai BGZ Ch, R, V. *5Eastern Saluan LOE Ch, R, V d. Loinang, Eth Coastal ~. Andio BZB Ch, R, V Bobongko. Balantak BLZ Ch, R, V. *5West Central Balaesan BLS Nikolaus P. Himmelmann, <i>Sourcebook on Tomini-Tolitoli Lgs </i>2001. R, Eth BLS Tolitoli TXE Himmelmann 2001 =Totoli. R, V Tontoli. Tomini TXM Himmelmann 2001 =Tialo. R, V. Bolano BZL Ch, R, V. Dondo DOK Himmelmann 2001. R, V =Tomini. Dampelasa DMS Himmelmann 2001. R, V. Kasimbai TDJ Himmelmann 2001. R, V, Eth Tajio. Petapa PEE Himmelmann 2001. R, Eth Taje Ndau UMS Himmelmann 2001. R, V Umalasa, Eth Pendau. Lauje LAW Himmelmann 2001. V Tinombo; not in R. Kaili KZF Ch 3 d., R. Eth KZF Da'a ~ or LEW Ledo ~. Pipikoro PPK Ch, R, Eth Uma Lindu KLW Ch, R. Sedoa TVW Ch, R. Napu NAP Ch, R. Bada BHZ Ch 2 d., R. Rampi LJE Ch, R. Pamona BCX Ch 3 d., R. Bungku BKZ Ch 4 d., R. Mori MZQ Ch, R, Eth fa of 4; prob. either MZQ ~ Atas or XMZ ~ Bawah. Tolaki LBW waarki (Ch also has this). V/R Lalaki, Eth Tolaki. »Mekongka R, not in Eth. *4South Sulawesi Macassarese MSR Campbell 1991. R Makassarese, V Makasarese, Eth Makasar. Buginese BPR Campbell 1991; 3 d. also in Ch. R/Eth Bugis, V. Mandar MHN Ch., R. Sa'dan SDA Ch 3 d., R, Eth Toraja-~. Massenrempulu Ch, R, Eth one of MLT Malimpung, MVP Duri, PTT Enrekang, WMM Maiwa Pitu Ulunna Salo Ch 6 d., R, Eth one of ATQ Aralle-Tabulahan, DKK Dakla, PNC Pannei, PTU Bambam, ULM Ulumanda' Mamuju MQX Ch 4 d., R. Seko SKX Ch 2 d., R, Eth one of SKX ~ Padang, SKO ~ Tengah. Wotu WTW Ch, R. *4Muna-Buton Muna MYN Ch, R, V. Eth one of BUP busoa, LIX Liabuku, MYN Muna, PNP Pancana, UES Kioko, ZKA Kaimbulawa. Wolio WLO Ch, R, V. Buton Ch, R, V. Eth could be KGX Kamaru, LLM Lasalimu, XKS Kumbewaha, WTW Wotu South Buton Ch, R, Eth Cia-Cia Tukang-Besi Ch, R, V, Eth S BHQ, N KHC Bonerate BNA Ch, R, V d. Tukanbesi. Kalaotoa KLY Ch =Kalao, R, V d. Tukanbesi. Layolo LJI Ch =Laiyolo, R. *3Borneo *4Ida'an Ida'an DBJ Ch, R. *4Northeast *5Murut-Tidong Selungai Murut SLG Ch, R. Kolod KQV Ch, R, Eth Okolod. Sumambu MVV Ch, R, Eth d. Tagal Murut Paluan PLZ Ch, R. Timugon TIH Ch, R, Eth ~ Murut Beaufort Murut Ch, R, Eth d. prev. Keningau Murut KXI Ch, R. Tidong TID Ch, R. Serudung SRK Ch, R. Numbers identical to Tidong. Sambakung SMA Ch, R, Eth ~ Murut. Baukan BNB Ch, R. Kalabakan KVE Ch, R. *5Dusun-Bisaya Gana GNQ Ch, R. Kuijau DKR Ch, R. Kadazan-Dusun DTP Ch, R, Eth maybe DTP Central Dusun; there's others. Lotud DTR Ch, R. Papar DPP Ch, R. Rungus DRG Ch, R. Eastern Kadazan DTB Ch, R, Eth DTB Labuk-Kinabatangan Kadazan. Klias River Kadazan KQT Ch, R. Kimaragang KQR Ch, R. Garo Ch, R, Eth d. prev. Tebilung TGB Ch, R. Tatana TKX Ch, R. Northern Bisayan BSY Ch, R, Eth Sabah Bisaya. Southern Bisayan BSB Ch, R, Eth Brunei Bisaya, or BSD Sarawak Bisaya, »Tutong TTX *5Paitanic Dumpas DMV Ch, R. Lingkabau Ch, R, Eth d. Tambanua Abai Sungai ABF Ch, R. Tambanua TXA Ch, R, Eth Tombonuwo. Upper Kinabatangan DMG Ch, R. Lobu Ch, R. Eth d. TXA or LOW Tampias Lobu, or RUU Lanas Lobu. *4Apo Duat Lundayeh LND Ch 2 d., R. Kelabit KZI Ch, R. Sa'ban SNV Ch, R. »Lengilu LGI »Putoh PUT *4Rejang-Baram Melanau MEL Ch, R. »Kanowit KXN »Tanjong TNJ »Bintulu BNY »Lahanan LHN »Kajaman KAG Bukitan BKN Ch, R. »Lelak LLK Narom NRM Ch, R. Kiput KYI Robert Blust, <i>A Short Morphology, Phonology and Vocab of ~ </i>2003. R, Eth KYI »Tutong TTG Berawan LDO Ch, R. Punan Bah PNA Ch, R, Eth ~~-Biau »Punan Merap PUC »Sajau Basap SAD »Burusu BQR »Basap BDB *4Land Dayak »Silakau SKL Eth Selako »Lara' LRA Jagoi SNE Ch, R. Singgie Ch, R, Eth d. prev. Biatah BTH Ch, R. Bukar Sadong SDO Ch, R. Bekati' BAT Ch, R. Benyadu' BYD Ch, R. Kembayan XEM Ch, R. Ribun RIR Ch, R. »Djongkang DJO Sanggau SCG Ch, R. *4Kayan-Kenyah *5Punan-Nibong Punan-Nibong PNE Ch, R. Eth W PNE, E PEZ. *5Kayan Murik Kayan MXR Ch, R. *6Western Rejang Kayan REE Ch, R. »Baram Kayan KYS »Mendalam Kayan XKD »Kayan Mahakam XAY »Busang BFG Eth ~ K. »Bahau BHV Kayan River Kayan XKN Ch, R. »Wahau Kayan WHU *6Modang »Modang MXD »Segai SGE *6Mullter-Schwaner “Punan” Aoheng PNI Ch, R. »Havongan HOV Eth Hovongan »Kereho-Uheng XKE »Bukat BVK »Punan Aput PUD »Punan Merah PUF *5Kenyah >Bakung Kenyah BOC Sebob Kenyah Ch web, SIB »Tutoh Kenyah TTW »Punan Tubu PUJ »Wahau Kenyah WHK »Western Kenyah XKY Upper Baram Kenyah UBM Ch, R. »Bahau River Kenyah BWV »Kayan River Kenyah KNH »Mahakam Kenyah XKM »Kelinyao Kenyah XKL Kelinyau Kenyah *4Barito *5East Lawangan LBX Ch 3 d., R. Dusun Deyah DUN Ch, R. Ma'anyan MHY Ch 5 d., R. →Malagasy MEX *5West Dohoi OTD Ch 3 d., R. Siang SYA Ch, R. Kapuas (Ngaju) NIJ Ch, R. Ch has a note “Ngaju Dayak” pointing to this language-- R doesn't have Ngaju (a million-speaker lang. according to C), tho' V does. Eth Ngaju. Katingan KXG Ch, R. Kahayan XAH Ch web, R. Bakumpai BKR Ch, R. *5Mahakam Tunjung TJG Ch, R. »Ampanang *3Sama-Bajaw Abaknon ABX Ch, R; Eth ~ Sama. Batuan Ch, R. Yakan SKA Ch 2 d., R. Sibutuq Ch, R. Samalan J.C. Anceau 1978. Not in R, but Sama is. Ch has Central Sama, with some significant diffs (e.g. different #1, 9). North Sama SSE Ch web, R, Eth Balangingi Sama. Central Sama SML JD. R. South Sama SIT Gábor Sándi, from informant Ismael J. Asakil =Tawi-Tawi. R. Pangutaran SLM Ch, R. Bajau Llamzon: R 2 langs, V has as a whole fa! Ch has 3 of these, none of which matches Llamzon's numbers. I used only one of them, Poso. Jama Mapun SJM Ch, R, Eth Mapun. »Kota Belud, Kawang, Putatan Eth: dd. BDR West Coast Bajau. »Sulamu Eth: this and remaining lgs dd. BDL Indonesian Bajau. »Kajoa, Roti, Jaya Bakti, Tongian, Wallace Poso BDL Ch, R. *3Sundic Old Javanese+ Campbell 1991 Javanese JAN Campbell 1991. This is Ngoko (common) register. Krama (polite) register Bettina David, Javanisch Wort für Wort Sundanese SUO Campbell 1991 Mbaloh EMB Ch, R, Eth Embaloh. Gayo GYO Ch, R. *4Lampung Lampung LJP Ch, R. Komering KGE Ch, R. *4Bali-Sasak Balinese BZC Campbell 1991. Eth Bali. Sasak SAS Ch, R. Sumbawa SMW Ch web, R. *4Sumatra Lom MFB Ch, R. Mentawai MWV Ch, R. Enggano ENO Ch, R. Simeulue SMR Ch, R. Nias NIP Ch, R. Simalungan BTS Ch, R, Eth Batak Simalungun. Batak (Toba) BBC Campbell 1991, corrected by Anip Sirait. Eth Batak Toba. Karo Batak BTX Ch, R. Alas BTZ Ch, R, Eth d. Batak Alas-Kluet. Mandailing BTM Ch, R. *4Malayic Madurese MHJ Campbell 1991. Eth Madura. *5Malayic Dayak Malayic Dayak XDY Ch (4 d.), R. Iban IBA Ch (also Kantu, not in R.), R. *5Moklen Moklen MKM Ch, R. Moken MWT Ch (3 d.), R. *5Malayan Minangkabau MPU Campbell 1991 (also Ch). West Sumatra Urak Lawoi' URK Ch, R. →Duano' DUP JD (missing some). R. Rejang REJ Ch, R. . Temuan TMW Walter William Skeat and Charles Otto Blagden, <i>Pagan Races of the Malay Peninsula V. II </i>1906 (says rest = Malay) (JD). R. . Orang Hulu JAK (same source and comment as Temuan). R, Eth Jakun. »Orang Kanaq ORN »Orang Seletar ORS Indonesian (Malay) INZ John B. Kwee, <i>Teach Yourself ~</i> 1965. Terengganu Mimi »Orang Laut LCE Eth Loncong *5Achinese-Chamic Achinese ATJ Unknown source; also Ch, R, Eth Aceh, Huihui (Tsat) HUQ Ch, R, Eth Tsat. Jarai JRA Ch, R. Rhade RAD James A. Tharp and Y-Bha<sup>^</sup>m <strike>B</strike>uôn-ya<sup>^</sup>, <i>A ~-Eng Dict </i>1980. Ch, R, Eth Rade. Haroi HRO Ch, R. East Cham CJM Unknown source; also (v. similar) Ch. R. West Cham CJA Ch, R. Chru CJE Ch, R. S Raglai RGS Ch, R. N Raglai ROG Ch, R. »Cacgia Raglai ROC **Central *3Central Maluku *4Teor Teor TEV Ch, R. *4West Ambelau AMV Ch, R. Buru MHS Ch, R. Taliabo TLV Ch (2 d.), R. Eth Kadai KZD, TLV Taliabu. Sula SZN Ch, R. Mangoli MQC Ch, R, Eth Mangole. *4East *5Banda Banda BND Ch, R. Geser GES Ch (2 d.), R, Eth Geser-Gorom. Watubela WAH N. N. Miklukho-Maklai, 19C. R. *5E Seram Bobot BTY Ch, R. Masiwang BNF Ch, R. Seti STE Ch, R, Eth Liana-Seti. *5Nunusaku Kayeli KZL Ch, R. Nuaulu NXL Ch, R, Eth N NNI, S (bigger) NXL »Manusela *6Three Rivers Wemale WEO Ch (2 d.), R, Eth N WEO, S TLW Atamanu JAL Ch, R, Eth Yalahatan. Saleman SAU Ch, R, Eth sis Nuaulu. Hulung HUK Ch, R. »Loun LOX Lisabata LCS Ch, R, Et N. Nuniali. Naka'ela NAE Ch, R. Alune ALP Ch, R. *6Piru Bay Asilulu ASL Ch, R. Boano BZN Ch, R. Wakasihu ALO Ch, R, Eth Larike-~. Manipa MQP Ch, R. Luhu LCQ Ch, R. »Batumerah+ R, Eth d. prev. Teluti TLT Ch, R. Kaibobo KZB Ch, R. Hitu HIT Ch, R. Paulohi PLH Ch, R. Kamarian KZX Ch, R. Saparua SPR Ch, R. Haruku HRK Ch, R. Nusalaut NUL Ch, R. Amahai AMQ Ch, R. *3SE Maluku Selaru SLU Ch, R. Kei KEI Ch, R. Yamdena JMD Ch, R. Selwasa SWH Ch, R, Eth Seluwasan.. Ujir UDJ Ch, R. Eth has this and rest in Aru fa. Kola KVV Ch, R. Dobel KVO Ch, R. Barakai BAJ Ch, R. Tarangan TXN Ch, R, Eth E TRE, W TXN (bigger). *3Timor-Flores Helong HEG Hull 1999: http://www.ocs.mq.edu.au/~leccles/langs.html. R. Naueti NXA Hull 1999 (as d. Kaiwamina, which includes the 3 d. below). R Kairui KRD Hull 1999. R, Eth ~-Midiki. Waimaha WMH Hull 1999. R/Eth Waima'a. Midiki (Hull 1999) is the same as Waimaha except 5 = <i>kainee</i>. Eth d. Kairui. Sikka SKI Ch, R, Eth Sika. Lamaholot SLP Ch (2 d.), R. Alor AND W.A.L. Stokhof, <i>Preliminary Notes on the ~ and Pantar Lgs </i>1975 (Baranusa / Kabir d.). Not in R. Kedang KSX Ch, R. Roti ROT Ch, R, Eth Rote. Timorese (Dawan) TMR Ch, R, Eth Atoni. Baikenu Hull 1999; also Ch; Eth d. Timorese. Habun HBU Hull 1999. R/Eth Habu. Tetun TTM Ch, R. Also in Hajek & Tilman, <i>East Timor Phrasebook</i> 2001. Belunese, Bekais Hull 1999. Eth Belu d. Tetun. Tugun TZN Ch web, not in R or V, Eth sez in Timor group rel. to Wetar. Kemak KEM Hull 1999. R. Tukudede TKD Ch, R. Mambai MGM Ch, R. Eth Mambae. Ainaro Hull 1999. Galoli GAL Hull 1999, also Ch. R. Talur ILW Hull 1999. Lakalei LKA JD. R. . Idaté IDT Hull 1999 (missing #9). Wetar WET Ch, R. Eth fa, but code WET = Perai. Rahesuk, Raklungu Hull 1999. Dd. spoken on Ataúro. He also has Resuk, very similar to Raklungu. Roma RMM Ch, R. Kisar KJE JD. R. Lóvaia (Maku'a) LVA Hull 1999. Eth Maku'a. Letri Lgona LEX Ch (3 d.), R, Eth Luang. Dai DIJ Ch, R. Dawera DDW Ch, R, Eth ~-Daweloor. Masela MSS Ch =Marsela, R. Eth Central MKH, E VME, W MSS (biggest). Damar DMR Ch, R, Eth DMR E Damar, W is DRN. Teun TVE Ch (2 d.), R, Eth Te'un. Serua SRW Ch, R. *3Bima-Sumba Bima BHP Ch, R. →Kodi KOD Ch (missing #5, 7), R. Lamboya LMY Ch, R. Weyewa WEW Ch, R, Eth Wejewa. »Wanukaka WNK Anakalangu AKG Ch, R. →Mamboro MVD Ch (missing #4, 5), R, Eth Mamboru. East Sumbanese SMI JD =Sumba. R; Eth Kambera. Savu HVN Ch, R, Eth Sabu. Manggarai MQY Ch, R. Riung RIU Ch, R. Ende END Ch, R. Lio LJL Ch, R, Eth Li'o. Palu'e PLE Ch, R. Ngada NXG Ch (5 d.), R, Eth Ngad'a. There's also an Eastern ~ NEA. **Eastern *3S Halmahera-NW New Guinea *4Bomberai Kaiwai KWH Ch, R, Eth Kowiai. Uruangnirin URN Ch, R. Onin ONI Ch, R. Sekar SKZ Ch, R. Arguni AGF Ch, R. Bedoanas BED Ch, R Erokwanas ERW Ch, R. Nabi NBN Ch (2 d.), R, Eth Kuri. Irahutu IRH Ch (5 d.), R. *4S Halmahera Gane GZN Ch, R. East Makian MKY Ch, R. Buli BZQ Ch, R. Maba MQA Ch, R. Patani PTN Ch, R. Sawai SZW Ch, R. Weda Holle 1980. PP, Eth d. prev. »Misool R, Eth mentions as location where Matbat is spoken. Amber JD. R, Eth alt. Waigeo. »Wajamli BZQ Eth d. Buli. »Bichole R, not in Eth. Giman GZN Holle 1980 =Gane. PP, Eth Gane. »Salawati R, Eth alt. Maya. Waigeo WGO JD. R. Batanta JD. R, Eth d. Maya. »As ASZ Maya SLZ Ch, R, Eth Ma'ya. »Maden XMX »Palamul PLX Matbat XMT Ch, R. Laganyan LCC Ch, R, Eth Legenyem. Kawe KGB Ch, R. Gebe GEI waarki, also Ch. R. *4Geelvink Bay Eth fa is Cenderawasih Bay Waropen WRP waarki, also Ch. R. Mor MHZ Don Laycock 1978, also Ch. R. Iresim IRE Ch, R. Humuku waarki. Not in R or V or Eth; but obviously a sis. or d. Iresim. Yaur JAU Ch, R. Yeretuar GOP Ch, R. Tandia TNI Ch, R. Biak BHW waarki; also Ch. R. Numfor Holle 1982 via PP. Not in R; V sis. Biak. Eth Biak-~ is an alt. prev. Ron RNN Ch, R, Eth Roon in Yapen below. Dusner DSN Ch, R. Meoswar MVX Ch, R. *5Yapen Wabo WBB Ch, R. Kurudu KJR Ch, R. Wandamen (Windesi) WAD waarki =Windesi. V d.Wandamen, which is in R (and Ch). Ansus AND Ch, R. Woi WBW Ch, R. Pom PMO Ch, R. Aibondeni Ch, R, Eth d. Wandamen. Marau MVR Ch, R. Munggui MTH Ch, R. Papuma PPM Ch, R. Busami BSM Ch, R. Serui-Laut SEU Ch, R. »Wadapi-Laut R, Eth alt. next. Ambai AMK Ch, R. **Oceanic (actually a child of Eastern) *3Maisin Maisin MBQ Ch web, R. *3Sarmi-Yotafa Sobei SOB Ch (6 d.), R. Bongo BPG Ch, R, Eth Bonggo. Tarpia SUF Ch, R. Yotafa TTI Ch, R, Eth Tobati. Ormu ORZ Ch, R. Kayupulau KZU Ch, R. *3Siassi *4Sepik (E+ Schouten) →Sera SRY Ch (#1-5 only), R. Sissano SSW Ch, R. →Tumleo TMQ Ch, R. Ali YKM Ch, R, Eth Yakamul. Ulau SVB JD. R, Eth ~-Suain. →Kis KIS Ch, R. Kairiru KXA Ch, R. →Kaiep KBW Ch, R. →Wogeo WOC Ch, R. Bam BMC Ch web, R, Eth Biem. →Sepa SPE Ch, R. Manam MVA Blaine Turner, <i>~ Teaching Gram </i>1986. Ch, R. →Medebur MJM Ch, R. *4Madang →Takia TBC Ch, R. →Megiar Ch, R, Eth d. prev. Matukar MJK Ch, R. Gedaged GDD Ch, R. →Bilbil BRZ Ch, R. »Ham DAD Eth Marik →Wab WAB Ch, R. Biliau BCU Ch, R, Eth Awad Bing. Mindiri MPN Ch, R. *4Rai Coast-NW New Britain (Ngero-Vitiaz) *5Rai Coast Sio SIO Ch, R. Mangap MNA Robert D. Bugenhagen, <i>A Gram of ~-Mbula </i>1995. R, Eth. ~-Mbula. Lukep LOA Ch, R. Malasanga MQZ Ch, R. Barim BBV Ch, R. Nengaya NIU Ch, R, Eth Mato. Roinji ROE Ch, R, Eth Ronji. *5Bariai-Ngero Tami TMY Ch, R. Mutu TUC Ch, R. Gitua GIL Ch, R. »Malamalai MMT Maleu MGL Ch, R, Eth with next dd. MGL ~-Kilenge. Kilenge Ch, R. (Left off #s list 'cos it's almost identical to Maleu.) Bariai BCH Ch, R. Kove KVC Ch, R. Lusi KHL David R. Counts, <i>a Gram of Kaliai-Kove </i>1969 = Kandoka-Lusi d. Eth KHL Lusi. *5Bariai-Ngero Yabim JAE Ch, R, Eth Yabem. Bukawac BUK Ch, R, Eth Bugawac. »Lae LAZ Eth Aribwatsa. Labu LBU Ch, R. Kela KCL Ch, R. Kaiwa KBM Ch, R, Eth Iwal. Siboma SIJ Ch, R, Eth Numbami. *3Markham *4Adzera →Silisili MPL Ch; #10 from Smith 1988. R, Eth Middle Watut. Dangal MCY Ch, R, Eth d. with next of MCY S. Watut. Maralango Bruce A. Hooley, 1971. R. Hooley #s, all 1-5, 10, fr. <i>Oceanic Linguistics</i> X:2 Azera AZR Bruce A. Hooley 1971; #6 from Jarel, spelling corrected. R/Eth Adzera. Wampur WAZ Ch, R. Unank UNA Bruce A. Hooley 1971 =Onank. Jarel has another similar set. R, Eth N. Watut. Sukurum Bruce A. Hooley 1971 (#1-4 only; #5-6 based on Ch web but using Hooley's morphemes). Jarel also has #1-6, slightly different. R. Eth this and next two dd. Azera. Ngariawan JD. R. Sirasira Ch, R. Wampar LBQ Ch, R. Sirak SRF Ch, R, Eth Nafi. Guwot GVE Ch, R, Eth Duwot. Musom MSU Ch, R. Yalu YLU Ch, R, Eth Aribwaung. *4Buang Mumeng MZI Ch, R. Piu PIX Ch, R. Kapin TBX Ch, R. Mapos BZH Bruce A. Hooley 1971. #6 is based on a set from Jarel but morpheme for #5 differs. R, Eth ~ Buang. Manga MMO Bruce A. Hooley 1971. R, Et Mangga Buang. Buasi (Vehes) VAL Bruce A. Hooley 1971. Jarel has a set too. R/Eth Vehes. *4Busu Hote HOT Bruce A. Hooley 1971. #6-7 from a set from Jarel. R. Yamap YMP Bruce A. Hooley 1971. #6 from a set from Jarel. R. Misim JD. R, Eth d. Hote. *3Milne Bay - Central Province *4Milne Bay Misima MPX Ch, R, Et ~-Paneati. Nimowa NMW Ch, R, Eth Nimoa Tagula TGO Ch, R, Eth Sudest. →Miniafia AAI Ch, R, Eth d. AAI Arifama-~. Ubir UBR Ch web, R. →Doga DGG Ch, R. →Anuki AUI Ch, R. Mukawa MWC Ch, R, Eth Are. Gapapaiwa PWG Ch, R. Boianaki BMK Ch, R, Eth Ghayavi. Wataluma WAT Ch, R. Dawawa DWW Ch, R. Igora KQF Ch, R, Eth Kakabai. Wedau WED Ch, R. Taupota TPA Ch, R. »Garuwahi GRW Eth Gweda. Kehelala TBO Bryan Ezard, <i>A Gram of Tawala </i>1997. Ch, R, Eth d. Tawala. Kukuya MVN Ch web, R, Eth Minaveha. Suau SWP Ch (8 d.), R. Bohutu BXH Ch, R, Eth Buhutu. Wagawaga WGW Ch, R. Tubetube TTE Ch, R, Eth Bwanabwana. Duau DUA Ch, R. Bunama BDD Ch, R. Mwatebu MWA Ch, R. Kurada KUD Ch, R, Eth `Auhelawa. Sewa Bay SEW Ch, R. Dobu DOB Ch, R. Bosilewa BOS Ch, R. Molima MOX Ch, R. Galeya GAR Ch, R. Gumasi GVS Ch, R, Eth Gumawana. Yamalele YML Ch, R, Eth Iamalele. Fagululu Ch, R, Eth d. Molima. Kalokalo KLX Ch, R, Eth Koluawawa. Bwaidoka BWD Ch, R. Diodio DDI Ch, R. Iduna VIV Ch (1-5, 10 only), R. Budibud BTP Ch, R. Muyuw MYW Ch (2 d.), R. Kilivila KIJ Ch (2 d.), R. *4Central Province Mekeo MEK Ch, R. Roro RRO Ch, R. Kuni KSE Ch (1-5, 10 only), R. Nara NRZ Ch, R. Gabadi KBT Ch, R, Eth Kabadi. Doura DON Ch, R. Motu MEU Ch, R. Sinagoro SNC Ch (2 d.), R, Eth Sinaugoro. Keapara KHZ Ch (5 d.), R, V d. Hula, Eth Keopara Ouma OUM Ch, R. Magori MDR Ch, R. Yoba YOB Ch, R. Bina BMN Ch, R. *3Kimbe Melamela MXM Ch, R. Bileki (Nakanai) NAK Ch, R Bileki, V/Eth Nakanai. Xarua Ch, R, Eth d. next. Bola BNP Ch, R. Bulu BJL Ch, R. Vitu WIV Ch, R, Eth Muduapa. *3New Britain Tumuip TUM Ch, R. Arawe AAW Ch (2 d.), R, Eth Solong. Moewehafen MWG Ch (3 d.), R, Eth Aiklep. Gasmata GSA Ch (2 d.), R. Longa AIE Ch, R, Eth Amara. »Idne Eth alt. Maleu earlier. Mok MWK Ch =Mok-Aria, Mok d., R, Eth Mouk-Aria. Lamogai LMG Ch, R. Pulie Ch, R, Eth d. Lamogai. Rauto Ch, R, Eth d. Lamogai. Pasismanua PSS Ch (2 d.), R, Eth Kaulong. Kapore XKX Ch, R, Eth Karore? Mangseng MBH Ch (2 d.), R. Uvol UVL Ch, R, Eth Lote. Mamusi KDF Ch, R. Mengen MEE Ch (2 d.), R. *3New Ireland-Tolai Barok BJK Ch, R. Patpatar GFK Ch web, R. »Sursurunga SGZ »Tangga TGG Lihir LIH Ch web, R. »Konomala KOA »Kandas KQW →Siar SJR Ch web (1-5 only), R, Eth Lak. Tolai KSD JD = Raluana Tolai. R, Eth d. Kuanua. →Duke of York RAI JD-- several forms were available; he chose those dd. Tolai. R, Eth Ramoaaina. Lavongai LCM Leslie Fast “Tungak Gram Essentials” in John R. Roberts, <i>Two Grammatical Studies</i>, SIL<i> </i>1990. R, Eth Tungag. Tigak TGC Ch, R. Kara LEU Ch, R. Tiang TBJ Ch, R. Nalik NAL Ch, R. Notsi NCF Ch, R. Tabar TBF Ch, R, Eth Mandara. Mussau EMI Ch, R, Eth ~-Emira. »Tenis TNS Lamusong LBV Ch, R, Eth Lavatbura-~. Madak MMX Ch, R. *3Admiralty Islands *4Western Wuvulu WUV Ch, R, Eth ~-Aua. Seimat SSQ Ch, R. Kaniet KTK Ch, R. *4Manus Hermit LLF Ch, R. Sisi BIQ Ch, R, Eth Bipi. Sori SBH Ch (2 d.), R, Eth ~-Harengan. Ponom NCC Ch, R, Eth Ponam. Andra ANX Ch (2 d.), R, Eth ~-Hus. Leipon LEK Ch, R. Loniu LOS Ch, R. Lindrou LID Ch, R, Eth Nyindrou. Levei TLX Ch (2 d.), R, Eth Khehek. »Mondropolon MLY Likum LIB Ch, R. Gele SBC Ch (4 d.), R, Eth Kele. Nali NSS Ch, R. Mokerang MFT Ch, R. Papitalai PAT Ch, R. Titan TTV Ch, R. *4SE Islands Baluan BLQ Ch, R, Eth ~-Pam. Lenkau LER Ch, R. Lou LOJ JD. Not in R; Eth LOU, obviously rel. prev. Penchal PEK Ch, R. Nauna NCN Ch, R. Pak PKG Ch, R, Eth d. ~-Tong. *3Bougainville Nehan NSN Evelyn M. Todd 1978 =Nissan. R. Halia HLA Jerry and Janice Allen, <i>~ Gram</i> 1987. R. Solos SOL Ch, R. Petats PEX Ch, R. Saposa SPS Ch, R. Hahon HAH Ch (no 6-9), R. Tinputs TPZ Ch (2 d.), R, Eth Tinputz. Teop TIO Ch, R. Papapana PAA Ch (no 6-9), R. Mono MTE Ch (3 d.), R. Uruava URV Ch, R. Torau TTU Ch, R. Banoni BCM Ch, R. Piva TGI Ch (no 6-9), R. *3Choiseul Vaghua TVA Ch, R. Varisi VRS Ch, R. Ririo RRI Ch, R. Babatana BAQ Ch (4 d.), R. *3New Georgia Marovo MVO Ch, R. Vangunu MPR Ch (2 d.), R. Ghanonga GHN Ch, R, Eth Ghanongga. Lungga LGA Ch, R. Simbo SBB Ch, R. Nduke NKE Ch, R, Eth Duke. Ughele UGE Ch, R. Roviana RUG Ch, R. Kusaghe KSG Ch, R. Hoava HOA Karen Davis, <i>A Gram of the ~ Lg, Western Solomons </i>2003. R. *3Santa Isabel Kia KJI Ch, R, Eth Zabana. Laghu LGB Ch, R. Kokota KKK Ch, R. Zazao JAJ Ch, R. Blablanga BLP Ch, R. Maringe MRN Ch (4 d.), Rm Eth Cheke Holo. Gao GGA Ch, R. *3Santa Cruz Nembao UTP Ch, R, Eth Amba. Asumboa AUA Ch, R. Tanimbili TBE Ch, R. Buma TKW Ch, R, Eth Teanu. Vano VNK Ch, R. Tanima TNX Ch, R, Eth Tanema. *4Reef Islands-Santa Cruz Aiwo NFL JD. R, Eth Ayiwo. This fa was formerly classified as Indo-Pacific. Santa Cruz STC JD. R. Nea PP Nanggu NAN S.A. Würm 1970 via PP. R. *3South New Hebrides Aneityum ATY Ch, R. Also in Tryon. Utaha IFF Lynch in John Lynch, <i>Studies in the Lgs of Erromango </i>1983. Not in R; Eth Ifo. Sie (Erromangan) ERG Terry Crowley 1998. Also in Tryon, Ch. R, V Eromanga. Ura Traditional: UUR Terry Crowley, <i>~: A Disappearing Lg of Southern Vanuatu </i>1999 modern: John Lynch in Lynch, ed., <i>Studies in the Lgs of Erromango </i>1983. R. Kwamera TNK Ch (3 d.), R. Also 3 d. in Tryon. Whitesands TNP Ch, R. Also 2 d. in Tryon. North Tanna TNN Ch, R. Also in Tryon. Lenakel TNL D.T. Tryon, <i>New Hebrides Lg: An Internal Classification</i> 1976 (3 d.). R. SW Tanna NWI D.T. Tryon 1976 (5 d.). R. *3New Caledonia *4Northern »Yalayu YLY Eth Nyâlayu »Kumak NEE »Caac MSQ Yuaga NUA Ch web =Ywaanga, R. »Pwapwa POP »Pwaamei PME Hmwaveke MRK Ch, R. Jawe JAZ Ch, R. Nemi NEM Ch, R. Fwai FWA Ch, R, Eth Fwâi. Pije PIZ Ch, R. »Cemuhi CAM Eth Cemuhî →Paici PRI Ch (#1-5 only), R, Eth Paicî. *4Southern »Arho AOK Eth Arhö »Arha ARN Eth Arhâ Ajie AJI Ch web, R, Eth Ajië. Orowe BPK Ch, R. »Neku NEK »Nere SIH Eth Zire Tiri (Tinrin) CIR Midori Osumi 1995. R Tiri. Grand Couli George W. Grace, ~ Dict 1976. Xaracuu ANE Ch, R, Eth Xârâcùù. Also have this from George Grace, <i>Canala Dict </i>1975, with 2/3 reversed! Xaragure ARG Ch, R. »Dubea DUF Numee KDK Ch web, R. *3Loyalty Islands Iaai IAI D.T. Tryon 1968 =Iai. Ch, R. Dehu DEU Ch, R. Nengone NEN Ch, R. *3Remote Oceanic *4Micronesian Nauruan NRU JD. R. Gilbertese GLB Jonathan Willis-Richards, web; Ch (2 d.); M.Fabre 1847. R, Eth Kiribati. Marshallese MZM Jason Roberts. A little different in Ch. R. Kusaiean KSI Kee-dong Lee 1975; Ch (2 sets). R, Eth Kosraean. Mokilese MNO Sheldon P. Harrison 1976; Ch (5 sets). R. Ponapean PNF JD. R, Eth Pohnpeian. Trukese TRU Campbell 1991. R, Eth Chuukese. Puluwat PUW Samuel H. Elbert, <i>~ Gram </i>1974. Not in R; Eth Puluwatese. Carolinian CAL JD. R. »Tanapag TPV »Ulithian Sonsorol SOV Francisc Czobor. V d. Ulithian. Pulo Anna, Merir Fransisc Czobor. V d. Sonsorol. Tobi TOX Fransisc Czobor. Woleai WOE Ho-min sohn 1975. Eth Woleaian. Mapia+ MPY waarki. R. *4SE Solomons Qae (Visale) Evelyn M. Todd 1980. Not in V or R or Eth. Di (Vaturanga) Evelyn M. Todd 1980. Not in R. V Vaturanga near To'abaita. Eth d. Ghari. Bughotu BGT W.G. Ivens 1940; #8 from JD. R. Gela NRG Evelyn M. Todd 1980. R. Lengo LGR Evelyn M. Todd 1980 =Lengo. R Lengo. Ghari GRI D.T. Tyron and B.D. Hackman, <i>Solomon Islands Lgs: An Internal Classification </i>1983 (JD). R. Talise TLR Tyron and Hackman 1983 (JD). R. Malango MLN Tyron and Hackman 1983 (JD). R. Birao BRR Tyron and Hackman 1983 (JD). R. Longgu LGU Tyron and Hackman 1983 (JD). R. Lau LLU Ch, R. To'abaita MLU Ch (4 d.), R. Kwara'ae MWF Ch, R. Langalanga LGL Ch, R. Kwaio KWD Ch, R. Dori'o DOR Ch, R. Are'are ALU Ch, R, Eth `Are'are. Marau Ch, R. Same as Are'are except no long vowels. Eth d. Are'are. Oroha ORA Ch, R. Sa'a APB Ivens 1918 Arosi AIA Ch, R. Fagani FAF Ch (5 d.), R. Bauro BXA Ch, R. Kahua AGW Ch, R. *4New Hebrides *5East Santo Sakao SKU Jacques Guy Lorediakarkar LMN Ch, R. Shark Bay SSV Ch, R. Also 2 d. in Tryon. Butmas BNR Ch, R. Also Tur d. in Tryon, Eth ~-Tur. Polonombauk PLB Ch, R. *5Malekula Interior Labo MWI Ch, R. Also 2 d. in Tryon. *6Small Nambas Letemboi NMS D.T. Tryon, , <i>New Hebrides Lgs: An Internal Classification</i> 1976. R. Repanbitip RPN D.T. Tryon 1976. R. Dixon Reef DIX D.T. Tryon 1976. R. Nasarian NVH D.T. Tryon 1976. R. *6Malekula Central Katbol TMB D.T. Tryon 1976 (2 d.). R. Lingarak LGK D.T. Tryon 1976. R. Vinmavis VNM Ch, R. Also in Tryon. Litzlitz LTZ Ch, R. Also in Tryon. Larevat LRV Ch, R. Also in Tryon. Maragus MRS Ch, R. Also in Tryon. Big Nambas NMB Ch, R. Also 2 d. in Tryon. *5NE New Hebrides- Bank Islands *6E New Hebrides Hiw HIW Ch, R. Also in Tryon. Toga LHT Ch, R. Also in Tryon. Lehali TQL Ch, R. Also in Tryon. Lehalurup URR Ch, R. Also in Tryon. Motlav MLV Ch, R. Also in Tryon. Mota MTT D.T. Tryon 1976. R. Vatrata VLR D.T. Tryon 1976 (3 d.). R. Alo-Teqel+ TQL JD. R, Eth LEHALI. Mosina MSN D.T. Tryon 1976 (2 d.). R. Nume TGS D.T. Tryon 1976. R. Koro KRF D.T. Tryon 1976. R. Wetamut WWO D.T. Tryon 1976 (2 d.). R. Lakona LKN Ch, R. Also in Tryon. Merlav MRM Ch (2 d.), R. Also 2 d. in Tryon. Marino MRB Ch, R. Also in Tryon. Central Maewo MWO D.T. Tryon 1976; also Ch =Peterara. R. Baetora BTR Ch (5 d., including Tam, Nevenevene), R. Also 5 d. in Tryon. NE Aoban OMB D.T. Tryon 1976 (3 d.). R, Eth E Ambae. Nduindui NND D.T. Tryon 1976. R, Eth W Ambae. Raga D.T. Tryon 1976. R, Eth alt. next. Apma APP D.T. Tryon 1976. R. Sowa SWW D.T. Tryon 1976. R. Seke SKE D.T. Tryon 1976. R. Sa SSA D.T. Tryon 1976. R. North Ambrym MMG Ch (2 d.), R. Also 2 d. in Tryon. Lonwolwol CRL Ch, R. Also in Tryon. Dakaka BPA Ch (2 d.), R. Also 2 d. in Tryon. Port Vato PTV Ch, R. Also in Tryon. Southeast Ambrym TVK Ch (2 d.), R. Also 2 d. in Tryon. Paama PMA Terry Crowley, <i>A Dict of Paamese </i>1992. R. Also 3 d. in Tryon. *6West Santo Valpei VLP D.T. Tryon 1976 (2 d.). R. Nokuku NKK D.T. Tryon 1976. R. Piamatsina PTR D.T. Tryon 1976. R. Vunapu VNP D.T. Tryon 1976. R. Tolomako TLM D.T. Tryon 1976. R. Tasmate TMT D.T. Tryon 1976. R. Wusi WSI Ch (4 d. incl. Nonona), R. Also 4 d. in Tryon. Akei TSR Ch, R. Also 3 d. in Tryon. Malmariv MNL Ch, R. Also in Tryon. Eth Tiale. Navut NSW Ch (also has Matae d.), R. Also 2 d. in Tryon. Lametin LMB Ch, R. Also in Tryon. Eth Merei. Morouas MRP Ch, R. Also in Tryon. Fortsenal FRT D.T. Tryon 1976. R. Wailapa WLR D.T. Tryon 1976. R. Roria RGA D.T. Tryon 1976. R. Amblong ALM D.T. Tryon 1976. R. Tangoa TGP D.T. Tryon 1976. R. Araki AKR Alexandre François, <i>~: A Disappearing Lg of Vanuatu </i>2002. R. Narango NRG D.T. Tryon 1976. R. Tambotalo TLS Ch, R. Also in Tryon. Aore AOR Ch, R. Also in Tryon. Malo MLA Ch, R. Also 2 d. in Tryon. Tutuba TMI Ch, R. Also in Tryon. Mafea MKV Ch, R. Also in Tryon. *6Malekula Coastal Malua Bay MLL Ch (also has Petarmur d.), R. Also 2 d. in Tryon. Vovo Ch, R. Also in Tryon. Eth alt. Bieria below (numbers don't support this!) Mpotovoro MVT Ch, R. Also in Tryon. Mae MME Ch, R. Also 2 d. in Tryon. Vao VAO D.T. Tryon 1976. R. Atchin UPV D.T. Tryon 1976. R. Eth w next. Uripiv-Wala-Rano-~. Uripiv D.T. Tryon 1976 =Uripiv-Wala-Rano (6 d.). R. Unua ONU D.T. Tryon 1976. R. Rerep PGK D.T. Tryon 1976. R. Aulua AUL D.T. Tryon 1976. R. Burmbar VRT Ch (2 d.), R. Also 3 d. in Tryon. Port Sandwich PSW Ch, R. Also in Tryon. Maskelynes KLV Ch, R. Also in Tryon. Axamb AHB Ch (3 d., incl. Avok, Maxbaxo), R. Also 3 d. in Tryon. Malfaxal MLX Ch, R. Also in Tryon. SW Bay SNS D.T. Tryon 1976 (2 d.). R. *6Epi Maii MMM Ch, R. Also in Tryon. Lewo LWW Ch (3 d.), R. Also 8 d. in Tryon. Bierobo BNK D.T. Tryon 1976 (4 d.). R. Baki BKI D.T. Tryon 1976. R. Bieria BRJ D.T. Tryon 1976. R. *6Central New Hebrides Namakura NMK Ch (5 d.), R. Also 4 d. in Tryon. North Efate LLP Ch, R. Also 5 d. in Tryon. South Efate ERK D.T. Tryon 1976 (5 d.). R. *4Central Pacific *5Rotuman-Fijian Rotuman RTM JD. R. Fijian FJI Campbell 1991. Also Ch (6 d.) »Nadroga WYY Eth W Fijian. *5Polynesian *6Tongic Niuean NIQ Jason Roberts Tongan TOV Campbell 1991 *6Samoic Outlier →Samoan SMY R. »Niuafo'ou NUM Tuvalu ELL Ch, R, Eth Tuvaluan. Ch didn't record d. but it's not Nanumea so it's prob. Southern Nanumea Peter Ranby, <i>A ~ Lexicon </i>1980. Eth Northern d. Tokelauan TOK Knut Felberg. V d.Ellicean w Samoic Outlier. Not in R. East Uvea WAL Ch, R, Eth Wallisian. Pukapuka PKP Ch, R. Rennellese MNV Ch 2 d., R, Eth Rennell. Pileni PIV Ch, R. Anuta AUD Ch; not in R or V; Eth. puts here. Tikopia TKP Ch, R. West Uvea UVE Ch, R, Eth W Uvean Emae MMW D.T. Tryon 1976. R. Mele MXE Ch (also has Fila of `Mele-Fila'; Tryon has these 2 too), R, Eth Mele-Fila. West Futuna FUT Janet W.D.Dougherty 1983 West Futuna-Aniwa, R; Ch 2 d, Aniwa and Futuna wh. Tryon has too. Eth d. Futuna-Aniwa. Sikaiana SKY Ch, R. Luangiua LUN Ch, R. Eth Ontong Java Takuu NHO Ch, R. Kapingamarangi KPG Jason Roberts. R. Nukuoro NKR Ch, R. *6Eastern Rapanui PBA Veronica Du Feu 1996. R, Eth Rapa Nui. Tahitian THT D.T.Tryon 1970 →Tongareva PNH Ch (1-2 only). R, Eth PNH Penrhyn. Rarotongan RRT Ch, R. Pa'umotu (Tuamotu) PMT Ch, R, Eth Tuamotuan. Maori MBF Winifred Bauer, William Parker, Te Kareongawai Evans, <i>~ </i>1993. R. Moriori+ JD. R, Eth d. prev. . Mangareva MRV Edward Tregear, <i>The Maori-Polynesian Compar Dict </i>1891 (JD). R. Marquesan MRQ René Dordillon 1931. Eth N MRQ (bigger), S QMS. Hawaiian HWI Samuel H. Elbert and Mary Kawena Pukui, <i>~ Gram </i>1979. R #nguin *New Guinean languages **Indo-Pacific Taurap BZU JD. V unclassified. Et Burmeso. Pauwi YKI JD. V unclassified, Eth Yoke. Bugilai J. Chalmers, <i>J Anthrop Institute of Great Britain </i>1898. Not in R or V. Eth has a Bulgai or Buglial, d. Meriam (p. 358), but Meriam is nothing like this. →Busa BHF Pavel Petrov (1-4 only). R. →Nagatman NCE Pavel Petrov (1-4 only). R, Eth Yale. Karkar-Yuri YUJ lost source *3Trans-New Guinea Oksapmin OPM JD. R. »Morwap MRF Eth Elseng. »Molof MSL. »Usku ULF »Tofamna TLG Eth Tofanma. *4Main Section *5Central and Western Dem DEM Holle 1983, via PP. R. »Mor MOR. *6Huon Kovai KQB JD. R. *7Eastern Kate KMG JD =Wamola d. R, Eth Kâte. Mape MLH JD. R. Dedua DED JD (note: ḷ is really l with over-dot). R. Sene SEJ JD. R. Momare MSZ JD. R. Migabac MPP JD. R. Kube KGF JD. R. Kosorong KSR JD. R. *7Western Ono ONS JD. R. Sialum SLW JD. R. Nomu NOH JD. R. Kinalakna KCO JD. R. Kumokio KUO JD. R. Selepet SEL JD. R. Timbe TIM JD. R. Komba KPF JD. R. Tobo TBV JD. R. Yaknge JD. R, not in Eth. Burum BMU JD. R. Eth ~-Mindik. Mesem MCI JD. R, Eth Mese<sup>~</sup>. Nabak NAF JD. R. *6Finisterre »Abaga *7Erap Nuk NOC JD. R. Nek NIF JD. R. Nakama NIB JD =Nakanama. R. Munkip MPV JD. R. Numanggang NOP JD. R. Sauk SKC Geoffrey P. Smith, “Morobe Counting Systems” in <i>Papers in New Guinea Lings No. 26 </i>1988. R, Eth SKC Gusan GSN JD. R. Finungwa FAG JD. R. Nimi NIS JD. R. Urii UVH JD. R. Mamaa MHF JD. R. *7Wantoat Irumu IOU JD. R, Eth Tuma-~. Yagawak JD. R. Bam JD. R. Wantoat WNC JD. R. *7Gusap-Mot Ufim UFI JD. R. »Nahu NCA. →Rawa RWO Norma and Donald Toland, <i>Reference Gram of the Karo/~ Lg </i>1991 (1-5 only). R, Eth RWO »Nekgini NKG »Neko NEJ »Ngaing NNF »Gira GRG *7Yupna »Dahating DAH Eth Gwahatike. »Bulgebi BMP »Guirarak GKA »Morafa MTV Eth Asaro'o »Forak FRO »Degenan DGE »Yagomi YGM »Asat ASX *7Yupna »Mebu MJN »Nankina NNK »Gabutamon GAV »Domung DEV Bonkiman BOP JD. »Wandabong R; Eth d. Isan. »Nokopo R; Eth d. Isan. »Kewieng R; Eth d. Isan. Isan YOP JD. R. Eth Yopno. *7Uruwa Som SMC JD. R. Sakam SKM JD. R. Yau YUW JD. R. Komutu KLT JD. R. Weleki KLH JD. R. *6East New Guinea Highlands Proto-East New Guinea Highlands+ Darlene Bee in Howard McKaughan, <i>The Lgs fo the E fa of the East NG Highland Stock </i>1973 (1,10 only). Wiru WIU Not sure, probably JD. R. »Kenati GAT *7Kalam »Gants GAO »Kalam KMH Kobon KPW John Davies, <i>~ </i>1989. Attributive series is used with nouns; counting sequence is a list of body parts. R. *7Eastern »Owena WSR Eth Owenia Gadsup GAJ JD (missing #6-9). R Auyana J USA ohn R. Roberts 1987 =Usarufa. R, V Usurufa = d. Auyana, Eth Usarufa. Eth sez Auyana = alt. AUY Awiyaana. Awa AWB Richard and Arette Loving, <i>~ Dict </i>1975. R Tairora TBG JD (missing #6-9). R »Binumarien BJR Waffa WAJ M.D. Stringer and J.M. Hotz, <i>Dict of ~ / Tok Pisin / English </i>1979. R Agarabi AGD Jean Goddard, <i>Notes on ~ Gram </i>1977. Not in R. *7East-Central Gende GAF JD. R. Kamano KBG Audrey Payne and Dorothy Drew, <i>~-Kafe' Kemofo Agafa'e </i>1986. R. Yagaria YGR G.L. Renck, <i>A Gram of ~ </i>1975 (Move d.). Not in R. Hua YGR John Haiman 1980. Not listed in R or V; Eth d. Yagaria. →Siane SNP Pavel Petrov (missing #6-9). R. →Yabiyufa YBY Pavel Petrov (missing #6-9). R, Eth Yaweyuha. →Gahuku GAH Pavel Petrov (missing #6-9; also has Asaro d. which is Eth ASO Dano). R, Eth Alekano. →Benabena BEF Pavel Petrov (missing #6-9). R. Fore FOR Graham Scott 1980. R. →Gimi GIM Pavel Petrov (missing #6-9). R. *7Central Medlpa MED JD. R, Eth Melpa. . Chimbu KUE D. Trefry 1969 (6-9 prob. concatenated). PP also has Golin d (Eth GVF). R, Eth Kuman. »Chuave CJV »Nomane NOF Wahgi WAK JD. R. →Nii NII Al and Dellene Stacky, “~ Phonology” in <i>Phonologies of Three Lgs of PNG </i>1973 (1-2 only). »Narak NAC »Maring MBW »Ganja R, not in Eth. Salt-Yui SLL Barry Irwin, <i>~ Gram </i>1974. #6 glosses as `fist side rest all side rest one'. Eth; not in R. *7West-Central »Huli HUI Enga ENQ A. Lang 1973 via JD. The native numbers are being replaced by English. R. Kyaka KYC Norm and Sheila Draper, <i>Dict of ~ Enga </i>2002. Eth KYC, Not in R. »Katinja AKH Eth Angal Heneng. →Lembena LEQ John Davies and Bernard Comrie, “A Ling Survey of the Upper Yuat”, in <i>Papers in New Guinea Lings 22, </i>1985 (1-4 only). R, Eth LEQ →Nete NET Davies and Comrie<i> </i>1985 (1-4 only) =Iniai. R, Eth NET →Bisorio BIR Davies and Comrie<i> </i>1985 (1-4 only). R, Eth BIR →Ipili IPI Pavel Petrov (#2,3, 5 only). R. »Angal AGE Kewa KJS K.J. Franklin, <i>The Dialects of ~</i> 1968 =East, one of 3 d. R, Eth East Kewa. (West is KEW) →Sau Franklin and John Z'gragsen 1975 (1-2 only). R, Eth d. Enga. *6Kutubuan →Foe FOI Murary Rule, <i>The Culture and Lg of the ~ </i>1993 (no #8). R, Eth Foi »Fiwaga FIW →Fasu FAA Franklin and John Z'gragsen 1975 (1-2 only). »Some Eth d. Fasu. →Namumi Franklin and John Z'gragsen 1975 (1-2 only). R, Eth d. Fasu. *6Central and South New Guinea »Somahai MQF Eth Momuna. »Kamula KHM *7Asmat-Kamoro »Iria IRX Eth Kamerau. »Asienara ASI Eth Buruwai. Kamoro KGQ Rick Schellen. R. »Sempan SEM. →Central Asmat AST JD (#1-2 only). R. →N Asmat NKS JD (#1-3 only). R; in V Asmat is one lang. →Citak Asmat TXT JD =Kaunak (#1-3 only). R. →Casuarin Asmat ASC JD (#1-3 only). R/Eth Casuarina Coast Asmat. *7Awyu-Dumut Korowai KHE JD. Not in R or V; Eth unclass. in Awyu-Dumut. »Sawuy SAW Eth Sawi »Kotogut KVZ Eth Tsakwambo. Mapi JAQ JD. R, Eth alt. Yaqay in Marind. »Ederah, Kia R, Eth d. or rel. Kotogut. »Upper Digul, Upper Kaeme R, Eth d. or rel. Kotogut. Siagha OSR JD. R, Eth ~-Yenimu. Pisa PSA JD. R. Eth Miaro Awyu. Aghu AHH JD. R. »Airo R, not in Eth unless it's YIR Jair. Kaeti KZH JD. R, Eth Mandobo. Digul Mandobo Holle 1982, via PP. Not in R, unless this is Upper Digul? Not in Eth. Wambon WMS JD. R. »Wanggom KGU Eth d. Kombai. *7Ok »Yonggom YON Eth Yongkom. »Ninggirum NXR Eth Ninggerum, »Iwur IWO Eth Iwor. S Kati YON Holle 1982 via JD =Kaôh! R; V S Kati / Metomka. Muyu (N Kati) Holle 1982; waarki provided the same sans accents. PP has this aka N. Kati! I also have 4 “Kati” numbers from RS, equivalent to Muyu but 4 = war-ajoop. R N Kati; V Lower Muiu or Muju... or N Kati / Niinati. Eth d. YON. Telefol TLF JD. R. »Tifal R TIF »Kauwol R, Eth alt. next. »Faiwol FAI »Setaman STM »Bimin BHL Mianmin MPT Jean Smith and Pam Weston in <i>Studies in Lgs of the Ok fa </i>1974. R, Eth Mian »Ngalum SZB *7Awin-Pa »Awin AWI Eth Aekyom →Pa PPT Franklin and John Z'gragsen 1975 (1-2 only). R, Eth PPT Pare *7East Strickland Nomad SMQ opipik. R, Eth SMQ Samo. Agala AGL opipik. R, Eth AGL Fembe Kubo JKO opipik. Not in R, Eth. →Gobasi GOI Franklin and John Z'gragsen 1975 (= Bibo, 1-2 only). Not in R, Eth. Konai KXW opipik Odoodee (Tomu) KKC opipik. R had this in Bosavi. *7Bosavi Beami (Bedamuni) BEO opipik. R Onabasulu ONN opipik. R, Eth Kaluli BCO JD. R. Kasua KHS opipik. R, Eth Kware AIL opipik. Eth Aimele »Bainapi PIK »Sonia SIQ Etolo ETR Jan David Gossner, <i>Aspects of ~ Gram </i>1994 (body parts from right little finger to 17 <i>mimogo </i>= nose; proceeds down left for a base of 34.) Eth, not in R. *7Duna-Pogaya →Duna DUC Franklin and John Z'gragsen 1975 (1-2 only). R, Eth →Pogaya BOQ Franklin and John Z'gragsen 1975 (1-2 only). R, Eth Bogaya *7Mombun Mombun MSO J.H.M.C. Boelaars, <i>The Ling Position of South-Western New Guinea </i>1950 (JD). R, Eth Mombun. »Koneraw KDW *6Angan Angaataha AGM JD. R, Eth Angaatiha. →Simbari SMB Karl J. Franklin and John Z'gragsen, “Comp Wordlists of the Gulf District and Adjacent Areas” in <i>Compar Wordlists </i>1975 (1-2 only). R Baruya BYR Richard Lloyd, <i>Bound and Minor Words in ~ </i>1989 (#8-9 not explicitly given). R. Safeyoka APZ JD. R, Eth alt. Ampeeli-Wojokeso. Kawatsa KCB JD. R, Eth Kawacha. Kamasa KLP JD. R. Susuami SSU Geoffrey Smith 1988. Not in R Yagwoia YGW JD. R. →Ankave AAK Franklin and John Z'gragsen 1975 (1-2 only). R, →Invori AGO Franklin and John Z'gragsen 1975 (1-2 only). R, Eth Tainae →Lohiki MIW Franklin and John Z'gragsen 1975 (1-2 only). R, Eth Akoye Menya MCR JD. R. Hamta HMT JD. R, Eth Hamtai. *6Gogodala-Suki »Suki SUI Gogodala GOH JD. R. Waruna WRV JD. R. *6Marind Boazi KVZ Boelaars 1950 (see Mumbun). R. →Zimakani ZIK JD (#1-2 only). R. →Marind MRZ Rick Schellen (1-2 only). R. »Bian Marind BPV »Yaqay JAQ »Warkay BGV Eth ~-Bipim. *6Kayagar »Kaugat AQM Eth Atohwaim. »Kaygir KYT Eth Kayagar. »Tamagario TCG *6Sentani »Demta DMG Sentani SET H.K.J. Cowan, <i>Gram of the ~ Lg </i>1965. R. »Nafri NXX →Tanah Merah TNM Danielo Ajamiseba, August Kafiar, Kenneth Gregerson, <i>Tabla Conversation </i>1983 (1-6 only). R, Eth Tabla. *6Dani-Kwerba »Wano WNO Lani (W. Dani) DNW waarki. Eth = Western Dani which is in R. Grand Valley Dani DNT JD. R, V, Eth Mid Grand Valley. »N Ngalik NLK Eth Ninia Yali »S Ngalik WUL Eth Silimo Pesegem (Nduga) NDX JD. V d. Grand Valley Dani; R/Eth Nduga. Saberi SRL Holle 1983 via JD. R, Eth Isirawa. »Samarokena TMJ »Kwerba KWE »Airoran AIR »Sasawa Eth d. Kwerba. *6Wissel Lakes-Kemandoga »Uhunduni UHN Eth Damal. Ekari EKG Marion Doble 1987 (<i>Oceanic Lings</i> XXVI:1/2). R Ekagi, V Kapauku. »Wodani WOD Moni MNZ Boelaars 1950 (see Mumbun) (missing #8-9, tho' these seem predictable). R. *6Mairasi-Tanah Merah »Tanah Merah Mairasi FRY JD. R. »NE Mairasi R, Eth d. Mairasi. →Semimi ETZ C.L. Voorhoeve (1 only). *6West Bomberai Karas KGV Cowan 1953 (see Mantion). R. Iha IHP JD. R. Baham BDW JD. R. *5Eastern *6Binanderean Guhu-Semane GHS JD. R. Suena SUE JD. R. Yekora YKR JD. R. Zia ZIA JD. R. Binandere BHG Geoffrey Smith 1988 (JD). R. »Ambasi, Aeka R, Eth d. Binandere. →Orokaiva ORK Robert and Marilyn Larsen, <i>~: Legens, Lessons, and Gram Notes </i>1982 (1-2 only). »Hunjara R, Eth d. prev. »Notu NOU Eth d. Ewage-Notu. »Yega Eth d. prev. »Gaina GCN →Baruga BBB JD (1-5 only). R. Mawae JD. R, Eth d. Zia above. »Dogoro R, Eth d. Baruga. Korafe KPR Cynthia J.M. Farr, <i>The Interface Between Syntax and Discourse in ~ </i>1999 (JD). R. *6Goilalan Biangai BIG JD. R. Weri WER JD. R. Kunimaipa KUP JD. R. →Tauade TTD JD (1-3 only). R. Fuyuge FUY JD. R, Eth Fuyug. *6Koiarian Koita KOI T.E. Dutton, <i>The Peopling of Central Papua</i> 1969. R, Eth Koitabu. Koiari KBK T.E. Dutton 1969. R, Eth Grass ~. Mountain Koiari KPX T.E. Dutton 1969. R. Aomie AOM T.E. Dutton 1969. R/Eth ömie. Barai BCA T.E. Dutton 1969. R. Mangalasi MCQ T.E. Dutton 1969. R, Eth Managalasi. *6Kwalean Humene HUF JD. R. Kwale KSJ JD. R, Eth Uare. Mulaha+ MFW Sydney Ray 1907 (JD). R. *6Manubaran Doromu KQC JD. R. Maria MDS JD. R. *6Yareban Yareba YRB JD. R. →Doriri DOI Probably JD (1-6 only). R, Eth Moikodi. →Sirio NWR JD (1-4 only). R, Eth Nawaru. »Bariji BJC »Abia ABY Eth Aneme Wake. *6Mailun Magi MGU JD. R, Eth Mailu. »Domu DOF Morawa MZE JD. R. Binahari BXZ JD. R. Bauwaki BWK JD. R. →Laua LUF JD (1-5 only). R. Lau'una Tom Dutton in John Lynch and Fa'afo Pat, eds., <i>Oceanic Studies </i>1996. V d. Magi, not in R or Eth. *6Dagan Onjob ONJ JD. R. Maiwa MTI JD. R. Jimajima JMA JD. R. Daga DGZ R. »Mapena MNM »Turaka TRH »Gwedena GDN Eth Umanakaina. »Ginuman GNM »Sona SOQ Eth Kanasi. *4Madang-Adelbert Range *5Madang *6Rai Coast »Sinsauru SNZ »Asas ASD »Sausi SSJ »Kesawai QKE »Dumpu WTF »Arawum AWM »Kolom KLM Siroi SSD JD. R. »Lemio LEI »Pulabu PUP »Yabong YBO »Ganglau GGL »Dumun DUI »Saep SPD »Usino URW »Sumau SIX »Urigina URG »Danaru DNR »Usu UYA Eth Uya »Erima ERI Eth Ogea »Duduela DUK »Kwato KOP »Rerau REA »Jilim JIL »Yangulam YNL Bom BOJ JD. R, Eth Anjam. →Male MDC Miklukho-Maklaj 1871, via PP (missing #8,9) Also JD #1-5 only. R. Bongu BPU JD. R. →Songum SNX JD (1-3, 5 only). R. *6Mabuso »Kare KMF »Girawa BBR »Munit MTC »Bemal BMH »Sihan SNR »Gumalu GMU »Isebe IGO Amele AMI John R. Roberts 1987. R. »Bau BBD Panim PNR JD. R. »Rapting PNR »Wamas WMC »Samosa SMO »Murupi MQW »Saruga SRP »Nake NBK »Mosimo MQV Garus GYB JD. R. »Yoidik YDK →Rempi RMP JD (missing 6-9). R. »Bagupi BPI »Silopi SOT »Utu UTU »Mawan MCZ »Baimak BMX »Matepi MQE »Gal GAP »Garuh GAW Eth Nobanob. Kamba FAD JD. R, Eth Wagi. *5Adelbert Range Mugil MLP JD. R, Eth Bargam. *6Pihom »Amaimon Wasembo GSP JD. R. →Pay PED Pavel Petrov (1-7 only). R, Eth Mala. »Pila SKS Eth alt. Maia. →Saki SKS Jean May and Eunice Loeweke in <i>Five Phonological Studies </i>SIL 1985 =Maia (#3,5 only). R, Eth alt. Maia. →Tani PLA Same source as Saki =Miani (#3 only). R, Eth Miani. →Maiani TNH Same source as Saki (#2-3 only). Not in R, Eth. →Ulingan MHL Pavel Petrov (1-7 only). R, Eth Mauwake. »Bepour BIE »Moere MVQ »Kowaki QKK »Mawak MJJ »Hinihon MIH »Musar MMI Wanambre WLN JD. R. »Koguman QKG »Abasakur ABW Usan (Wanuma) WNU JD =Usan. R Wanuma, Eth Usan »Yaben YBN »Yarawata YRW »Bilakura BQL »Parawen PRW »Ukuriguma UKG *6Isumrud>Dimir DMC »Korak KOZ Waskia WSK JD. R. . Malas MKR Pavel Petrov. R. Bunabun BUQ JD. R, Eth Brem. *6Josephstaal. Osum OMO Pavel Petrov (1-4, probably that's it). R, Eth Utarmbung. »Wadaginam WDG »Sileibi SBQ »Katiati KQA Eth Mum »Pondoma PDA Eth Anam »Ikundun IMI Eth Anamgura Moresada MSX JD. R. *6Wanang »Paynamar PMR »Atemple ATE Eth Atemble . Angaua ANH Kyle Harris, "Nend Gram Essentials" in John R. Roberts, <i>Two Grammatical Studies</i>, SIL<i> </i>1990. Says no consensus on >4 and Tok Pisin often used. »Emerum ENA Eth Apali »Musak MMQ *6Brahman>Isabi ISA »Biyom BPM Tauya TYA R. »Faita FAT *4Teberan-Pawaian Pawaian PWA D. Trefry, <i>A Compar Study of Kuman and ~</i> 1969. R, Eth Pawaia. →Dadibi MPS George and Georgetta MacDonald, “~ Phonology” in <i>Phonologies of Four PNG Lgs </i>1974 (2-3 only); #1 from Franklin and John Z'gragsen 1975. →Podopa PPO R, Eth Folopa. Tebera, Suri, Sopese, Boro dd. from Franklin and Z'gragsen 1975 (1-2 only). *4Turama-Kikorian →Kairi KLQ Franklin and Z'gragsen 1975 (1-2 only). R, Eth Rumu →Omati MGX Franklin and Z'gragsen 1975 (1-2 only). →Ikobi MEB Franklin and Z'gragsen 1975 (1-2 only). R, Eth with next, Ikobi-Mena. →Mena Franklin and Z'gragsen 1975 (1-2 only). *4Inland Gulf →Ipiko IPK Franklin and Z'gragsen 1975 (1-2 only). R, Eth →Minanibai MCV Franklin and Z'gragsen 1975 (1-2 only). R, Eth →Tao TSX Franklin and Z'gragsen 1975 (1-2 only). R, Eth ~-Suamato. »Karami+ XAR »Mahigi+ not in Eth *4Eleman Purari IAR Sidney H. Ray, "The Lgs of the Papuan Gulf District", in Carl Meinhof, <i>Zeitschift für Kolonialsprachen </i>voll. 3-4, 1913-4 (JD). R. Tate TBD John M. Clifton in S.A. Wurm, ed., <i>Materials on Lgs in Danger of Disappearing int he Asia-Pacific Region No. 1 </i>1997 (6-9 missing). R, Eth Kaki Ae. Toaripi TPI Ray 1913 (JD). R. Uaripi UAR Ray 1913 (JD). R. →Opao OPO Franklin and Z'gragsen 1975 (1-2 only). R, Eth →Keuro QQK Franklin and Z'gragsen 1975 (1-2 only). R, Eth Keuru Orokolo ORO JD. R. *4Trans-Fly Yelmek JEL Boelaars 1950 (see Mumbun). R. Maklew MGW Boelaars 1950 (see Mumbun). R. →Kiwai KJD JD. R has 3 lgs (Bamu, S, NE ~), I don't know which one this is. Eth has Bamu plus S ~ KJD (bigger), NE ~ KIW. →Bamu BCF Kiwai JD (1-5). R. Wabuda KMX JD. R. →Morigi MDB Franklin and Z'gragsen 1975 (1-2 only). R, Eth →Kerewo KXZ Franklin and Z'gragsen 1975 (1-2 only). R, Eth →Arigibi KIW Franklin and Z'gragsen 1975 (1-2 only). R, Eth d. NE Kiwai. Gibaio Franklin and Z'gragsen 1975 (1-2 only). Not in R, Eth d. NE Kiwai. Tirio TCR JD. R. »Aturu AUP »Lewada LWD Eth ~-Dewara »Mutum MCL Bine ORM JD. R. →Gidra GDR Lillian Fleischmann and Sinikka Turpeinen, <i>Surveys in Five PNG Lgs </i>1976 (Ume d., 1-2 only). R, Eth →Gizra TOF Fleischmann and Turpeinen<i> </i>1976 (Waidoro d., 1-2 only). <i> </i>R, Eth Meriam ULK JD. R. →Agöb KIT Sidney H. Ray, <i>Reports of the Cambridge Expedition to Torres Straits </i>1907 (JD; 1-5). R, Eth Adob. »Idi IDI →Waia KNV Franklin and Z'gragsen 1975 (1-2 only). R, Eth Tabo. →Yey JEI Boelaars 1950 (see Mumbun) (1-3). R. →Moraori MOK Boelaars 1950 (see Mumbun) (1-4). R, Eth Morori. →Nambu NCM JD (1-5). R. →Dorro MXW JD (1-5). R, Eth MDW Mari or TST Tais. »Upper Morehead Eth STK Arammba or TCI Wára. →Lower Morehead PEP JD (1-2). R, Eth Kunja. »Tonda R, Eth name of fa. or of IND Blafe. Kanum KCD JD. R. Eth one of KCD Ngkâlmpw ~ (biggest), KHD Bädi ~, KRZ Sota ~, KXQ Smärky ~. *4Mek Kosarek KKL JD. R, Eth ~ Yale. »Nipsan NPS »Nalca TVL »Korapun KPQ Eth Korupun-Sela. Goliath MTG Probably JD. R, Eth MTG Una. Eipo EIP JD. R, Eth Eipomek. Ketengban KIN Andrew Sims, <i>~ Vocab </i>1990. <i> </i>R, Eth »Sirkai R, not in Eth. »Kinome R, not in Eth. *4Senagi »Anggor AGG Eth Angor. »Dera KBV Eth Kamberataro. *4Pauwasi »Yafi WFG »Emumu ENR »Dubu DMU »Towei TTN *4Northern *5Border Imonda IMN Walter Seiler, <i>Imonda, A Papuan Lg </i>1985 =Imonda d. Waris. Not in R. »Waris WRS »Manem JET »Senggi SNU »Waina SOW Sowanda »Daonda DND »Simog SMF Eth Auwe Amanab AMN Andy Minch in John Roberts, ed., <i>Namia and ~ Gram Essentials </i>1992 (1-5 but that seems to be it). R. »Awyi AUW »Taiyat AOS Eth Taikat. »Pagi PGI »Kilmeri KIH »Ninggera NBY Eth Ningera. *5Tor-Lake Plain »Turu TMU Eth d. Iau. »Mawes MGK Uria URY JD. R, Eth Oyra. Baburiwa BAD JD. R, Eth Eritai. »Taogwe R, not in Eth. Tause TAD JD. Not in R or V. Jarel suggests =Taogwe? Taori-Kei TCQ JD. R, Eth Kaiy. Tori Aikwakai TTY JD. R, Eth Sikaritai. »Papasena PAS Weretai WBE JD. R, Eth Waritai. Taori-So TDS JD. R, Eth Doutai. »Taworta TBP »Dabra Eth alt. prev. »Foau FLH Berik BER JD. R. »Bonerif BNV »Mander MQR »Itik ITX »Kwesten KWT »Maremgi MRX »Wares WAI *4Kaure Kaure BPP JD. R. »Narau NXU »Kosare KIQ Eth Kosadle »Sause SAO »Kapori KHP *4Nimboran Mekwei MJF JD. R. »Kemtuk KMT Eth Kemtuik. Nimboran NIR Kevin May and Dip Theol, <i>A study of the ~ Lg </i>1997. R. *4South Bird's Head »Barau BZP Eth d. Kemberano. »Arandai JBJ »Tarof QKW Eth d. Kokoda. »Kasuweri R, Eth d. Kokoda. Puragi PRU Cowan 1953 (see Mantion). R. Kampong Baru KZM Cowan 1953 (see Mantion). R, Eth Kais. Inanwatan JD. R, Eth Suabo. »Duriankere DBN Konda KND Cowan 1953 (see Mantion). R. Yahadian NER Cowan 1953 (see Mantion). R. »Kaburi UKA Not in R, Eth. *4Kolopom Kimaghana KIG Boelaars 1950 (see Mumbun). R, Eth Kimaama. »Riantana RAN »Ndom NQM *4Timor-Alor-Pantar Oirata OIA JD. R. Fataluku DDG Hull 1999 (= Lautém d.; he also has Lospalos). »Lovaea Is this really Lóvaia? (see Kisar under Austronesian). Eth has LVA Maku'a here tho'. »Kairui Is this R's confusion for the Austronesian lg? Eth has KRD ~-Midiki in Austronesian. Bunak BUA Hull 1999 (see Timorese for full ref) =Bobonaro d. R. Zumalai, Marae Hull 1999. Not in Eth. Kolana KVW JD. R, Eth d. KVW Wersing. Tanglapui TPG JD. R, Eth TPG Kula (bigger) or SWT Sawila. Makasai MKZ Hull 1999. R, Eth Makasae. Makalero Hull 1999. R, Eth Maklere d. prev. *5Alor Kui KVD W.A.L. Stokhof, <i>Preliminary Notes on the Alor and Pantar Lgs </i>1975 (JD). R. Woisika WOI Stokhof 1975 (JD). R, Eth Kamang. Abui ABZ Stokhof 1975 (JD). R. Kelon KYO Stokhof 1975 (JD). R. Kafoa KPU Stokhof 1975 (JD). R. Kabola KLZ Stokhof 1975 (JD). R. *5Pantar Blagar BEU Stokhof 1975 (JD). R. Tewa TWE Stokhof 1975 (JD). R. Nedebang NEC Stokhof 1975 (JD) Lamma LEV Stokhof 1975 (JD). R. Hamap HMU Stokhof 1975 (Kabola d.). Not in R. *3West Papuan Amberbaken AKC Ger Reesink, <i>Lgs of the Eastern Bird's Head </i>2002. R, Eth Mpur. *4Bird's Head Karon Pantai KGR JD. R, Eth Abun. Madik Cowan 1953 (see Mantion). R, Eth d. prev. »Karon Dori KGW Brat AYZ JD. R, Eth Mai Brat. »Kuwani R, not in Eth Tehit KPS JD. R. Kalabra KZZ Cowan 1953 (see Mantion). R. »Seget SBG Moi MXN Holle 1983, via JD. R. Moraid MSG Cowan 1953 (see Mantion). R. *4Borai-Hattam »Borai R, Eth alt. next. →Hattam HAD Carl Masthay (1-5 only). R, Eth Hatam. *4N Halmahera Ternate TFT JD. R. Tidore TVO Holle 1980. PP. R. Galela GBI JD. R. »Tobelo TLB Loda LOL Holle 1980. PP, Eth Loloda. »Ibu IBU Sahu SUX JD. R. Modole MQO Holle 1980. PP. »Tabaru TBY Pagu PGU Holle 1980. PP. »West Makian MQS *3East Bird's Head Mantion MNX H.K.J. Cowan, <i>Voorlopige Resultaten Van Een Ambtelijk Taalonderzoek In Nieuw-Guinea </i>1953 (JD). R, Eth Manikion. →Meax MEJ Ger Reesink, <i>Lgs of the Eastern Bird's Head </i>2002 (1-5 only). R, Eth Meyah »Meningo MTJ Eth Moskona. *3Geelvink Bay Yava YVA JD. R. »Turunggare TRT Eth Tunggare »Baropasi BRP Eth Barapasi Bauzi PAU JD. R. »Bapu BPO Eth Anasi *3Sko> Skou SKV Mark Donohue <i> A Gram of the Skou lg of New Guinea</i> 2004 »Sangke R, Eth mentioned only as a village where Wutung is spoken. Vanimo (Dusur, Dumo) VAM Donohue. R. Wutung WUT Donohue. R. I’saka (Krisa) KRO Donohue and Lila San Roque <i> I’saka: A Sketch Gram</i> 2004. »Rawo RWA Leitre Donohue. Not in R. Wikipedia says not same as Rawo. »Puari PUX Warapu WRA JD. R. *3Kwomtari-Baibai Pyu PBY Pavel Petrov (1-4 only). R. »Kwomtari KWO »Fas FAS »Baibai BBF »Biaka BIO Eth Nai. *3Arai →Rocky Peak ROK Pavel Petrov (1-4 only). R. →Iteri ITR Pavel Petrov (1-4 only). R. →Bo BPW Pavel Petrov (1-4 only). R. →Ama AMM Pavel Petrov (1-4 only). R. →Nimo NIW Pavel Petrov (1-4 only). R. →Owiniga OWI Pavel Petrov (1-4 only). R. »Nakwi NAX Not in R. *3Amto-Musian →Amto AMT Pavel Petrov (1-4 only). R. →Musian MMP Pavel Petrov (1-4 only). ly is an l with a breve. R, Eth Musan. *3Torricelli »Urim URI *4West Wapei »One AUN Eth Aunalei. »Seta STF »Seti SBI *4Wapei-Palei »Urat URT »Yis YIS »Yau YYU Olo PNG William E. Staley 1994. R, Eth ONG. »Elkei ELK Au AVT David Paul scorza, <i>A Sketch of Au Morphology and Syntax </i>1978. R »Yil YLL »Alu Eth alt. DIA Dia. »Ningil NIZ »Gnau GNU »Galu Eth DIA Dia or SIU Sinagen. »Yapunda YEV →Valman VAN JD (1-5 only). R, Eth VAN. »Nambi MTY Eth Nabi. »Agi AIF »Aruop LSR »Kayik WNP Eth Wanap »Aiku MZF »Bragat AOF »Aru ALX Eth Alatil *4Maimai »Laeko LKL Eth ~-Libuat »Beli BEY »Wiaki WII »Siliput MKC »Yahang RHP »Heyo AUK Eth Wanib *4Kombio-Arapesh »Etiep EIT »Lou Eth has it as an alt. TEI Torricelli. I had a Lou, but it's Austronesian. »Kombio KOK »Yambes YMB »Aruek AUR »Wom WMO Mountain Arapesh APE JD. R, Eth Bukiyip. →S Arapesh AOJ John Alungam, Robert J. Conrad, Joshua Lukacs, “Muhiang Gram'l Notes” in <i>Miscellaneous Papers on Dobu and Arapesh </i>1978. R, Eth Mufian. »Bumbita AON *4Marienberg »Bungain BUT »Mandi TUA »Muniwara MWB »Urimo URX »Kamasau KMS »Elepi ELE »Buna BVN *4Monumbo Monumbo MXK JD. R. The n<sup>j</sup> is "n with a loop on right stroke" which so far as I can see is a palatalized n. »Lilau LLL *3Sepik-Ramu Gapun GPN JD. R, Eth GPN Taiap. *4Sepik →Biksi BDX Pavel Petrov (1-4 only). R. *5Upper Sepik →Abau AAU Pavel Petrov (1-3 only). R. →Iwam IWM JD (#1-4 only). R. »Amal AAD →Wogamusin WOG Pavel Petrov (1-4 only). R. →Chenapian CJN Pavel Petrov (1-4 only). R. *5Ram »Karawa QKR »Bouye BYE Eth Pouye Autu KMN JD. R, Eth Awtuw. *5Tama »Kalou YWA »Pasi PSI »Pahi LGT →Mehek NUX Pavel Petrov (1-3 only). R. Mayo YSS Velma Foreman 1974 =Yessan-~. R, V, Eth Yessan-~. *5Yellow River Namie NNM Tom and Becky Feldpausch in John Roberts, ed., <i>~ and Amanab Gram Essentials </i>1992. R, Eth Namia »Ak AKQ »Awun AWW *5Middle Sepik »Yerakai YRA »Kwoma JD. R. »Kwanga YUO Eth Yubanakor →Ngala NUD JD (1-4 only). R. Manambu MLE Aikhenvald 1980. R. Kaunga YLG Laycock 1965. R, Eth Yelogu Abelam ABT Wilson 1980. [5] = “hand”. R, Eth Ambulas. →Boiken BZF JD (1-4 only). R, Eth Boikin. »Sawos SIC Eth Malinguat Iatmul IAN Jendraschek 2012. R. Kwasengen WOS Wilson 1980. Eth Hanga Hundi. Eth has 9 more. *5Sepik Hill →Sanio SNY JD (1-5 only). R, Eth Saniyo-Hiyewe. »Paka R, Eth d. with next GBE Niksek. »Gabiano »Piame PIN »Bikaru BIC →Hewa HAM Pavel Petrov (1-3 only); #6 from Paul W. Vollrath in <i>Five Phonological Studies </i>1985. R. Body parts version from Ivan Derzhanski; 1-5 are thumb and fingers of l.h.s.; 6-10 is wrist to shoulder; up to 14 <i>patapa</i>, then down r.h.s. »Bitara BIT →Bahinemo BJH JD (1-5 only). R. »Mari MBX »Bisis BNW »Watakataui WTK →Kapriman DJU JD (1-5 only). R. »Sumariup SIV »Kaningara KNR Eth Kaningra Alamblak AMP JD. R. *4Leonard Schultze →Walio WLA Pavel Petrov (1-4 only). R. »Pai PPQ Eth Pei »Yabio YBX Eth Yawiyo »Tuwari TWW →Papi PPE Pavel Petrov (1-3 only). R. »Duranmin SEO Eth Suarmin *4Nor-Pondo Murik MTF JD. R. »Kopar QKO →Chambri CAN Pavel Petrov (1-3 only). R. Yimas YEE William A. Foley, <i>The ~ Lg of New Guinea </i>1991. R, Eth. →Karawari TZX Pavel Petrov (1-3 only). R, Eth Tabriak. →Angoram AOG Pavel Petrov (1-3 only). R. *4Ramu *5Yuat-Waibuk »Langam LNM »Mongol MGT »Yaul YLA »Maramba MYD »Changriwa CGA »Mekmek MVK →Miyak KQL Davies and Comrie 1985 (see Lembena. 1-4 only). R, Eth Kyenele »Biwat BWM »Bun BUV →Waibuk TMD John Tonson, <i>Surveys in Five PNG Lgs </i>1976 (missing 6-9). R, Eth alt. Haruai in E. New Guinea Highlands. →Pinai PNN Davies and Comrie 1985 (1-4 only). R, Eth PNN Pinai-Hagahai →Aramo PNN Davies and Comrie 1985 (1-4 only). R, Eth d. prev. »Wapi R, Eth alt. Aramo. *5Ramu proper *6Grass →Banaro BYZ Davies and Comrie 1985 (1-4 only). R, Eth »Kambot KBX Eth Ap Ma »Aion AEW »Adjora ADO Eth Abu »Gorovu GRQ *6Arafundi →Alfendio ARF Davies and Comrie 1985 (1-4 only). R, Eth »Meakambut R, Eth d. prev. *6Annaberg Rao RAO JD. R. »Anor ANJ »Aiome AKI *6Ruboni →Watam WAX JD (missing 6-9). R. →Gamei GAI JD (missing 6-9). R, Eth Borei →Kaian KCT Pavel Petrov (missing 9-10). R. →Bosman BQS JD (missing 6-9). R, Eth Bosngun. »Awar AYA Giri GEB JD. R, Eth Kire. »Sepen SPM →Mikarew MSY JD (1-5 only). R, Eth Aruamu. *6Goam »Andarum AOD →Igom IGM JD (1-5 only). R. →Tangu TGU JD (1-5 only). R, Eth Tanggu. »Tanguat TBS »Romkun RMK »Breri BRQ »Kominimung QKM »Igana IGG »Akrukay AFI »Itutang ITU »Midsivindi MZU Eth Inapang *3East Papuan *4Yele-Solomons Yele YLE JD. R. Kazukuru+ KZK JD. R. »Guliguli+ GLG »Dororo+ DRR Bilua BLB JD. R. Baniata BNT JD. R. . Lavukaleve LVK Pavel Petrov. R. Savosavo SVS Evelyn M. Todd 1980. R. *4New Britain →Anem ANZ William R. Tuurston, <i>A Compar Study in Anêm and Lusi</i> 1982 (#1-2 only). Sulka SLK JD (the n in #1 has a loop on the r.h. stroke). R. »Kol KOL »Wasi ATA Eth Pele-Ata Panaras KTO Chul-Hwa Chang and Kyung-Ja Chung, “~ Gram Essentials” in <i>Two Non-Austronesian Grams from the Highlands </i>1996. R, Eth KTO Kuot . Baining BYX Carl Masthay (7-9 don't repeat <i>a</i> from 2-4). R, Eth Qaqet. Taulil TUH JD. R, Eth d. TUH ~-Butam. . Butam+ Carl Masthay. R, Eth d. prev. Eth also has CKR Kairak, GCC Mali, SMG Simbali, URO Ura. *4Bougainville Nasioi NAS Conrad and Phyllis Hurd 1966. R, Eth Naasioi. »Nagovisi NCO . Buin BUO Pavel Petrov. R. »Siwai SIW »Konua KYX Eth Rapoisi »Keriaka KJX Eth Kereaka →Rotokas ROO JD (1-5 only). R. »Eivo Eth also has UIS Uisai, KQJ Koromira, LNI Lantanai, OUE Oune, SMZ Simeku. *3Tasmanian Tasmanian+ XTZ W. Schmidt in Meillet and Cohen 1952 (3 d.). Jarel has 3 d. R. **Andamanese 354 *3Great Andamanese Aka-Cari+ ACI JD. R. »Aka-Kora+ ACK »Aka-Bo+ AKM Aka-Jeru+ ACJ S. Manoharan 1987 =Great Andamanese, creole based on Jeru. R. Aka-Kede+ ACX JD. R. »Aka-Kol+ AKY Oko-Juwoi+ OKJ George Weber. R. A-Pucikwar APQ George Weber. R. Akar-Bale+ ACL George Weber. R. Aka-Bea-da+ ACE Miguel Carrasquer Vidal. R/Eth Aka-Bea. *3South Andamanese Onge OON S. Manoharan 1987. R, Eth önge. Jarawa ANQ S. Manoharan 1987. R. »Sentinel STD Not in R; Eth. #aust *Australian Enindhilyagwa AOI JD. R, V Groote Eylandt; Eth Anindilyakwa. Yanyuwa JD. R. Gagudju GBU Baldwin Spencer, <i>Native Tribes of the Northern Territory of Australia </i>1914 (JD). R. Kungarakany GGK NO. R, Eth. Mangarayi MPC Francesca Merlan 1982 =Mangarawi. R. Mingin+ Nick Evans in G.N. O'Grady and D.T. Tryon, <i>Studies in Compar Pama-Nyungan </i>1990. R. »Nakkara Tiwi TIW C.R. Osborne 1974. R. Limilgnan LMC NO. R, Eth. Garawa GBC NO. Eth; not in R. Wanyi Gavan Breen in Nicholas Evans, <i>The Non-Pama-Nyungan Lgs of North Australia </i>2003. »Umbugarla UMR »Gunbudj Others from NO, not in Eth or R: Norweilimil, Garig, Galibamu **Mangerrian Mangerr ZME NO. R, Eth. →Urningangg URC NO. Eth; not in R. **Yiwaidjan Margu MHG JD. R. Iwaidja IBD A. Capell 1962 =Jiwadja. R. Maung MPH JD and NO. R. Amarag AMG NO. R Amurag, Eth. **Burarran Guragone GGE NO. R, Eth. Djeebbana DJJ NO. R Ndjébbana, Eth. Burarra BVR NO. R, Eth. **Maran Alawa ALH NO. R, Eth. Warndarang+ WND JD. R; Eth Wandarang. Mara MEC NO. R. **West Barkly Djingili JIG Neil Chadwick 1975; #7 from Robert Pensalfini, <i>A Gram of Jingulu</i>. R, V Tjingilu. Ngarndji NIJ NO. R, Eth. Gudandji NO. Eth d. previous; V Kutandjid. next. Wambaya WMB NO; #4 is from Spencer 1914 (JD) = Umbia. R, Eth, V. Allana, Bigongina Spencer 1914 (JD). Not in R or V or Eth but seem to fit in here. **Laragiyan Laragiya LRG Spencer 1914 (JD; #5 from NO). R. Wulna WUX JD (#4 from NO). R. **Daly Ngenkikurrunggur NAM JD. R; Eth Nangikurrunggurr. Ngenkiwumerri NO. Eth d. previous. Murrinhpatha MWF R, Eth. *3Bringen-Wagaydy Wadjiginy WDJ JD. R. Giyug GIY NO. Eth; not in R. Ami AMY NO. Eth; not in R. Manda ZMA NO. Eth; not in R. Kuwama QKU NO. Eth; not in R. Maranungku ZMR JD and NO. Eth Maranunggu; R. Mariyedi ZMY NO. Eth; not in R. Marithiyel MFR JD. R; Eth Miaithiel. Maridjabin ZMJ NO. Eth; not in R. Magadige ZMG NO. Eth; not in R. Maridan ZMD NO. Eth; not in R. Marimanindji ZMM JD. R. Maringarr ZMT JD. R. *3Malag-Malag Dyeraidy JD. R. Malakmalak MPB Dorothea Hoffmann. R; Eth Mullukmulluk. Yunggor NO. V, mentioned in Eth but no code; not in R. Madngele ZML JD. R. Kamu QKY NO. Eth; not in R. **Djamindjungan →Djamindjung DJD NO (missing #1). Eth, R. →Ngaliwuru NO (#1 doubtful). Eth d. previous, R. →Nungali NUG NO (missing #1). Eth, R. **Djeragan »Gadjerawang GDH. →Miriwung MEP NO (#5 only = `plenty'). R, Eth. Kitja GIA NO. R, Eth. **Bunaban Bunaba BCK NO. Eth, R. Guniyan GNI William B. McGregor 1990 =Gooniyandi. Eth, R Guniyan. **Nyulnyulan Nyulnyul NYV JD. R. Yawuru+ YWR NO. R, Eth. Warwa+ NO. R, Eth. Nyigina DYH NO. R, Eth. Djawi DJW NO. Eth, not in R. Baadi BCJ NO =Bardi. Eth, not in R. →Nimanbur NMP NO (#2 only). Eth, not in R. →Dyaberdyaber DYB NO (#2 only). Eth, not in R. →Dyugun DYD NO =Dyuezun (#2 only). Eth, not in R. **Wororan Wunambal WUB William B. McGregor 1993 =Gunin. R. Ungarinjin UNG JD; #3 fron NO. R; Eth Ngarinyin. Worora UNP JD; #5,10 from NO. R. Gambera GMA NO. A near-identical set is given as Forrest River by Capell and Coate, <i>Compar Studies in N Kimberly Lgs </i>1984. Eth; not in R. Miwa VMI NO. Eth; not in R. Wilawila WIL NO. Eth; not in R. **Gunwinyguan Jawony DJN Spencer 1914 (JD; #5 from NO). R; Eth Djauan. Rembarrnga RMB NO. R, Eth Rembarunga. Ngandi+ NID Jeffrey Heath 1978; #3,#10 from NO. R. Ngalakan Spencer 1914 (JD) =Nullakun. R. Nunggubuyu NUY Jeffrey Heath 1982, 1984. R. Waray WRZ Spencer 1914 (JD). Wulwulam+ Mark Harvey, “West Gunwinyguan” in Evans 2003 (see below). Not in R or Eth. *3Yangmanic Wagiman Stephen Wilson, web (JD). R. Wardaman JD. R. »Dagoman+ R; mentioned in Eth but no code. Yangman JNG Spencer 1914 (JD). R. *3Gunwinggic Gunwinggu GUP Nicholas Evans, <i>Bininj Gun-wok: A pan-dialectal gram of Mayali, Kunwinjku, and Kune </i>2003 (standard d., Kunwinjku). R Gunwinygu, V Gunwiggu. Kune, Manyallaluk-Mayali dd. and avoidance register, same source Warlang WLG NO. R; Eth Kunbarlang. Dalabon NGK A. Capell 1962. V, R Ngalkbun. **Pama-Nyungan Yotayota+ NO. R. Yabula-yabula+ NO. R. Muk Thang+ NO. R, not in Eth. Dhuduroa+ Source lost; NO's are the same. R; not in Eth. Gumulgal (Kala Lagaw Ya) MWP JD. Not in R or V nor Eth. He also has Kala Lagaw Ya which is the same except for #3 wh. is ukamodobigal! Muruwari+ ZMU JD. R. Warumungu WRM JD. R. Flinders Island FLN NO. R, Eth. Barrow Point BPT NO. R, Eth. Pallangahmiddang+ Barry J. Blake,<i> Wathawurrung and the Colac Lg of Southern Victoria </i>1998 (JD). R. *3Bandjalangic Bandjalang BDY W.E. Smythe 1978; #3+ from NO. R. NO has dd. Arakawal, Gidabal, Kambuwal, Manandjali, Minjangbal, Windjabal, Waalubal, Yugumbal (= next). I've included a couple of interesting ones. Yugumbir Margaret Sharpe, <i>Dict of Yugambeh </i>1998. *3Yuulngu Djinang DJI Bruce Waters 1979. R. Dhangu GLA NO. R, Eth. Dhuwal DUJ Frances Murphy in Dixon and Blake, <i>Handbook of Australian Lgs</i> 1979 Yolngu d.; #4/5 NO. PP has a similar set as Gomaidj which Eth lists separately. Djambarpuyngu DJR NO. Not in R; Eth. →Gupapuyngu GUF NO (#2/3 only). Not in R; Eth. »Gumatj GNN Not in R; V d. Gobabingo Djinba DJB JD. R. →Ritharngu RIT J. Heath 1980 (missing #3). R. Dhay'yi DAX NO =Dayi. R, Eth. Jarnango HAY NO. R Yan-nhangu, Eth. *3Tangic Lardil LBZ NO. R, Eth. Gayardilt GYD Sandra Keen in Dixon and Blake 1979 =Yukulta; #4,10 from NO. R, V Jakula d. Gayardilt. Yugulda GCD NO. Not in R, Eth Ganggalida. →Nyangga NNY NO (#3 only). Not in R, Eth. *3Paman *4Northern. Gudang+ Carl Masthay. R, not in Eth. Atampaya AMZ Terry Crowley in Dixon and Blake 1979 =Uradhi w/ d. Atampaya, Angkamuthi, Yadhaykenu. R Atampaya. V Otati wh. R has as a sep. lang. Uradhi URF NO. Not in R; Eth. Wudhadhi+ NO. R, not in Eth. Tjungundji NO. R, not in Eth. Mpalityanh+ NO. R, not in Eth. Yupngayth+ NO. R, not in Eth. Linngithigh+ JD. R. Alngith NO. Not in R; Eth; V says d. previous. →Ngkoth+ NO (#1 only). R, not in Eth. →Yinwum+ NO (#1 only). R, not in Eth. »Aritinngithigh+ NO. R, not in Eth. Anguthimri Terry Crowley in Dixon and Blake 1979 Mpakwithi d. R/V =? Awngthim. →Mbiywom+ NO (#2 only). R, not in Eth. *4Middle Wik-Me'anha WIH NO. R, Eth. Wik-Ngathana WIG NO. R, Eth. Wik-Mungkan WIM JD. R. »Wik-Iiyanh WIJ →Wikalkan WIK NO (#2 only). Not in R, Eth; V alt. Wikngatara. →Kugu-Muminh XMH NO (#2 only). R, Eth. Pakanha PKN Philip Hamilton 1997 =Pakanh, web. R. Ayabadhu AYD Philip Hamilton 1997, web. R. *4Western Yir Yoront YIY Barry Alpher 1991. R. Thaayorre (Kuuk) THD Allen Hall. R. *4Northeastern Umpila UMP NO. R, Eth. Kaantyu KBE NO. R; Eth Kanju. Kuuku Ya'u QKL NO. Not in R; Eth. *4Lalalamic Lama-Lama LBY JD. R. Umbuygamu UMG JD. R. Mbariman-Gudhinma ZMV JD. R. »Umbindhamu UMD Gugu Warra+ WRW NO. R, Eth. *4Coastal Gugubera KKP R Koko Pera; Eth. »Gog Nar+ R, not in Eth. *4Central Thaypan TYP NO. R, Eth. »Aghu-Tharnggala GGR. Gogo Mini+ JD. R. »Dagalag+ →Kawarrang NO (missing #1). R, not in Eth. Oykangand KJN Philip Hamilton 1997 =Uw Oykangand, web. R, V Oykangant d. Kundjen. Olkola Philip Hamilton 1997, web =Uw Olkola. V Uwolkol d. Kundjen. *4Norman Kurtjar GDJ NO. R; Eth Gurdjar. Kuthant+ KVS NO. R, Eth. »Walagama+ R; Not in Eth. *4Flinders Gugadj JD. R. *4Southern Agwamin+ AWG Pavel Petrov. R. Mbabaram+ R.M.W. Dixon in Dixon and Blake 1979. R; not in Eth. Mbara+ VMB NO. R. Wamin WMI NO. Not in R; Eth. *4Mayabic Mayi-Kutuna+ XMY JD. R; Eth Mayaguduna. Mayi-Kulan+ MNT JD. R; Eth Maykulan. Mayabi NO. Not in R or Eth. *3Yalanjic Guugu Yimidhirr KKY John Haviland in Dixon and Blake 1979. R; Eth Guguyimidjir. Brother-in-law lg NO Gugu Yalandyi GVN Elisabeth Patz, <i>A gram of the ~ lg of N Queensland </i>2002. R; Eth Kuku-Yalanji. *3Yidinyic Yidiny YII JD; NO has a fairly divergent set. R. Dyaabugay DYY Elisabeth Patz in Dixon and Blake 1979 = Djabugay; #4 from NO. R Dyaabugay. *3Dyirbalic Dyirbal DBL R.M.W. Dixon 1972. R. Warrgamay WGY John Haviland in Dixon and Blake 1979. R. *3Nyawaygic Nyawaygi NYT R.M.W. Dixon in Dixon and Blake 1979. Wulguru+ NO. R; no Eth code. Bindal NO. Not in R or Eth. *3Maric Guwa+ Breen 1990. R; not in Eth. Yanda+ JD. R; not in Eth. Yirandhali+ JD. R; not in Eth. Gunggari KGL Gavan Breen, <i>Salvage Studies of W Queensland Aboriginal Lgs </i>1990. R; Eth Kunggari. Birria Breen 1990 (JD). R; Eth mentions as rel. Gunggari. Gugu Badhun GDC JD. R. Warungu WRG NO. Eth; not in R. »Gudjala+ R; not in Eth. Yilba+ JD. R; not in Eth. Biri+ BZR Holmer 1983 (JD: see Barunggam below) and Angela Terrill, <i>Birri</i> 1998. Giya+ JD. R; not in Eth. Yiningay+ JD. R; not in Eth. Wadjalang+ Breen 1990 (NO). Eth; R. Gayiri+ JD. R; not in Eth. Gangulu+ GNL Holmer 1983 (JD: see Barunggam below). Bidyara+ BYM JD. R. »Yiman+ R; not in Eth. Margany ZMC J.E. Breen in Dixon and Blake 1979; #3 from NO. R. Gunya GYY J.E. Breen in Dixon and Blake 1979: sis. Margany.; #3 from NO. Not in R. Guwamu GWU JD. R. Mandandanyi ZMK NO. Eth; not in R. NO also has these lgs not in Eth or R: Yangga, Wiri, Yuwibara, Yambina, Yagalingu, Barnya, Wadjabangay, Garingbal, Nguri, Gungadudji *3Waka-Kabic Darambal+ Nils M. Holmer, <i>Notes on Some Queensland Lgs </i>1988 (JD); #5+ from NO. R; Eth alt. next. Bayali+ BJY Lost source; same one's in NO as Koinjmal. R; not in Eth. Gabi (Dippil)+ JD =Queensland Dippil. R Gabi, V Dippil d. Dalla; Eth rel. Gureng Gureng. Waga WKW Lost source; #4 from NO. R; Eth Wakawaka. Djuungidjawu Suzanne Kite and Stephen Wurm, <i>The ~ Lg of SE Queensland </i>2004. #4 = `many'. Eth d. prev. →Muringam+ NO marked as questionable. R; Eth rel. Wakawaka. Barunggam+ Nils M. Holmer, <i>Ling Survey of South-Eastern Queensland </i>1983 (JD). R; Eth rel. Waga. Wuliwuli+ WLU Holmer 1983 (JD). Gureng Gureng+ GNR Holmer 1983 (JD). *3Durubalic Turrubal+ JD. R. Entire fa missing from Eth Gowar+ JD. R. Yagara+ NO. Not in R. *3Gumbaynggiric Gumbaynggir KGS Diana Eades in Dixon and Blake 1979. Principle for #3-6 given in W.E. Smuth 1948 =Gumbáinggar. R; Eth Kumbainggar. Yaygir+ Terry Crowley in Dixon and Blake 1979. R; not in Eth. *3Yuin-Kuric Yugambal+ YUB Source lost. #4 from NO. →Nganyaywana+ NYX NO (#2 only). Dyangadi DYN R.H. Matthews, <i>Ethnological Notes on the Aboriginal Tribes of New South Wales and Victoria </i>1905 =Thangatti. Also from JD; he just has guda for #1. V Thangatti, R, Eth Worimi. Gadang+ KDA Pavel Petrov. R. Awabakal AWK NO. Eth. Gundungurra+ R.H. Mathews. R Gudungura. Ngarigu+ JD. R. »Thawa+ R; Eth fam. . Dyirringany+ Carl Masthay. R. Dhurga+ DHU JD. R. Dharawal+ TBH JD. R; Eth Thurrawal. Darkinyung+ Source lost. R; not in Eth. Dharuk+ NO. R; not in Eth. *3Baagandji Bandjigali BJD NO. Eth. S Baagandji DRL NO. Eth Darling. NO also has Baarundji, Gurnu, Nabarlgu, Wanyubarlgu, Dhanggagarli, Barundji, Marawara not in Eth, and Wilyagali = Eth d. Darling. R has one lg, Baagandji. *3Wiradhuric Gamilaraay+ KLD Peter Austin 1993. R; Eth Kamilaroi. Yuwaaliyaay Corinne J. Williams, <i>A gram of ~ </i>1980. Also Yuwaalaraay, same except 1 is bi:r. V Yualyai, not in R or Eth. Ngiyambaa WYB JD. Also in Matthews 1905 =Ngeumba. R, V Ngemba; Eth Wangaaybuwan-Ngiyambaa. Wiradhuri WRH JD (#4/5 from NO). R. *3Kulinic Wemba Wemba+ Pavel Petrov. R. Djadjala L.A. Hercus, <i>Victorian Lgs: A Late Survey </i>1986. Not in R; V has prev. as a d. of this Madi Madi Hercus 1986 = Ma<u>d</u>i Ma<u>d</u>i. V d. Djadjala. Nari Nari+ Source lost-- odd, 'cos L.A. Hercus says no numbers were recorded! Wathawurung+ Barry J. Blake,<i> Wathawurrung and the Colac Lg of Southern Victoria </i>1998 (JD). R. Kolakngat+ Pavel Petrov. R. Woiwurrung+ Barry J. Blake in Dixon and Blake 1979; #4 from NO. R Wuywurrung, V d. Taungurong. Bungandidj+ Barry Blake, <i>The ~ (Buwandik) Lg of the Mt. Gambier Region </i>2003. R. Kuurn Kopan Noot+ JD. R, V d. Tjapwurong. Chaap Wuurong JD. Not in R; V Chaapwurru = Tjapwurong. Warrnambool Barry J. Blake, <i>The ~ Lg </i>2003. Not in R/V/Eth; a web source says name derives from Kuurn Kopan Noot and the numbers match it closest. <i>Entire family is missing from Eth.</i> *3Ngarinyeric-Yithayithic Ngarinyeri+ NAY JD. R. This is the only one in Eth. »Ngayawung+ Ngayawung George Taplin 1879 =Moorundee (Niawoo). V d. Nganguruku; NO lists as ~ which is in R. Yuyu+ NO. R, not in Eth. Keramin+ JD; NO's agree. R. Yitha-Yitha+ JD. R. *3Karnic Pitta-Pitta PIT Barry J. Blake in Dixon and Blake 1979. R. Lhanima NO. R; Eth rel. prev. Arabana ARD JD. R. Ngamini+ NMV Peter Austin 1981 . R Yandruwandha YND JD. R. Diyari+ DIF Peter Austin 1981 . R; Eth Dieri. →Midhaga NO (#3 only). R; Eth rel. Diyari. Garuwali NO. R; Eth rel. Diyari. Yarluyandi+ Peter Austin 1981 . R; Eth rel. Diyari. Wangkumara NBX JD. (watu has a “t left hook.”) R; Eth Ngura. Badjiri NO. R; not in Eth. Bidjara NO. R; not in Eth. Yardliwarra NO. R; not in Eth. Malyangaba JD. R. Yawarawarga YWW NO. Eth; not in R. Dirari DIT NO. Eth; not in R. Pirlatapa BXI NO =Biladaba. Eth; not in R. *3Wagaya-Warluwaric Wagaya WGA JD. R; Eth. Warluwara WRB JD. R; Eth. »Yindjilandji R YIL. *3Kalkatungic Kalkatungu KTG JD. R; Eth Kalkutung. Yalarnnga+ YLR JD. R, Eth. *3Arandic Alyawarra ALY Colin Yallop 1977. R. Aranda ARE JD; #10 from NO (=W. Aranda). R; Eth W. Arrarnta. Anmatyerre AMX NO. Eth; not in R. Kaytetye GBB NO =Kaititj. Eth; R Kaititj. E Aranda AER NO. Eth E. Arrernte; R perhaps Lower Aranda. Andegerebinha ADG NO also has Yuruwinga, not in R nor Eth, and S. Aranda = Eth d. ARE. *3Southwest *4Ngumbin Walmatjari WMT Joyce Hudson 1978; #3 from NO. R/Eth Walmajarri. Djaru DDJ JD. R; Eth Jaru. Gurindji GUE Pavel Petrov. R; Eth Gurinji. Mudburra MWD JD. R; Eth Mudbura. Ngarinman NBJ NO. R. *4Marngu Garadjari GBD Anna Kristine Sands 1989 on web. R Garadyari, V/Eth Karadjeri. Nyangumarta NNA NO. R. →Mangarla MEM NO (#1 only). R, Eth. *4Ngayarda *5Inland Ngarla NLR Pavel Petrov (#4 from NO, prob. diff. source). R. Nyamal Geoffrey N. O'Grady in <i>Oceanic Lgs V5 </i>1966 (JD). R. »Nyiyabali R; not in Eth. Panytyima PNW NO. Not in R; Eth. Tjurruru+ TJU NO. R; Eth. Wariyangga WRI NO. Not in R; Eth. *5Coastal Kariyarra VKA O'Grady 1966 (JD). R. →Ngarluma NRL NO (check on #5). Not in R; Eth. Martuyhunira VMA JD. R. Nhuwala NHF O'Grady 1966 (JD). R. Yindjibarndi YIJ JD. R. Kurrama VKU NO. Not in R; Eth. Binigura PNV NO. R; Eth Pinigura. Djiwarli DJL NO. Not in R; Eth. *4Mantharda Thargari DHR JD =Thagari, probably a typo. R. »Wariyangga »Djwarli *4Kanyara Dhalandji DHL source lost Bayungu BXJ Burduna BXN *4Kardu Yinggarda+ YIA JD (#5 from NO = `many'). R. »Maya+ R, Not in Eth. Malgana+ VML JD. R. Nhanda+ JD. R; Eth rel. Yinggarda. *4Wadjar Watjarri WBV Wilfrid H. Douglas in Dixon and Blake 1979. R Wadjari. Wirdimay NO. R; Eth. says alt. of next. Badimay BIA NO. Not in R; Eth. Badimaya. »Karlamay R; Eth says rel. Ngunga, below. *4Wati Western Desert Language MPJ Wilf Douglas, <i>An introductory dict of the ~ </i>1988. R. NO has a bu Nyanganyadjara NTJ NO Nijadali NAD NO Antakarinya ANT NO Pintiini PTI NO .Kukatja KTD Eth, NO. Pitjantjatjara PJT Paul Eckert and Joyce Hudson, <i>Wangka Wi<u>r</i></u><i>u: A Handbook for the ~ Lg Learner </i>1988. Combo forms exist alongside the English borrowings, e.g. [3][3] for '6'. .Pintupi PIU Eth ~-Luritja, NO Gugadja. .Kokata NO Maduwongga. Not in R; Eth d. Kokata. Wirangu+ WIW Luise A. Hercus, <i>A Gram of the ~ Lg </i>1999. 4/5 narrowed down from sense of `a few, a group'. R, Eth. Warnman WBT Geoffrey N. O'Grady in <i>Oceanic Lgs V5 </i>1966 (JD). R. *4Ngarga Warlpiri WBF Laurie Reece 1970 =Wailbri; #5 = `hand' from Mark Cogan. R Walbiri, V, Eth. Ngardi NO. R; Eth rel. prev. Warlmanpa WRL NO. R, Eth. *4Nyungar Nyungar+ NYS JD (Minang and Wadjuk d.). R. Pipelman, Neo-Nyungar, Tjapanmay NO. He also has Karlamay, Kwetjman, Mirnong (= Minang?), and Kaniyang dd. *4Ngadjunmaya Ngadjunmaya NJU JD; #5/6 from NO. R. *4Yura Banggarla BJB JD. Also in George Taplin 1879 (not quite same). #4 from NO. R. Adynyamathanha ADT JD (#3/4 from NO). R. Wailpi George Taplin 1879 =Nimbalda tribe. (#5,#10 from JD. Probably newer, but who knows.) V Wailpi d. Adnyamathanha. Kaurna+ JD. R; not in Eth. Nugunu NNV NO. Not in R. Narungga NNR NO. Not in R. #inuit *AMER Eskimo- Aleut 329, 132 - L 1 **Aleut Aleut (Eastern, Atkan, Attuan) ALW Knut Bergsland, <i>~ Dict </i>1994 (JD). R, V, L. **Eskimo Proto-Eskimo+ Fortescue, Jacobson and Kaplan, <i>Compar Eskimo Dict</i> 1994 *3Yupik Naukan Siberian Yupik YNK Menovshchikov 1964 (JD). R, V d. St. Lawrence I. Yupik, L Naukanski. Sirenik+ (Siberian) YSR G.A. Menovshchikov, <i>Jazyk Sirenikskikh Eskimosov </i>1964 (JD). JD also has Centreal Siberian Yupik. R, V, L Sirenikski. Chaplino ESS Menovshchikov 1964 (JD). R, V d. St. Lawrence I. Yupik, L Central Siberian Yupik (thus same as Fortescue etc. 1994); Eth C. Siberian. Alutiiq EMS Alaskan Yupik Fortescue etc. 1994. R, V, L Pacific Yupik; Eth Pacific Gulf Yupik. Central Alaskan Yupik ESU Fortescue etc. 1994; #7-8 from Jarel. V, L, R Central Yupik. *3Inuit Seward Peninsula Inuit ESK Fortescue etc. 1994. R Alaskan Inuit. V sez all Inuits are 1 lang, ditto L; Eth this and next Inupiatun. North Alaskan Inuit ESI Fortescue etc. 1994. R Alaskan Inuit. Western Canadian Inuit ESC Fortescue etc. 1994; #7-8 from Jarel. R Canadian Inuit; Eth these Inuktitut. Eastern Canadian Inuit ESB Fortescue etc. 1994; #7 from Jarel. R Canadian Inuit. Greenlandic Inuit ESG Salik Hard [at Greenland tourist office!]. R. *Na-Dené Haida HAI Jordan Lachler <i>Dict of Alaskan ~</i> 2011. R. L iso 4; Eth N. HAI, S. HAX. Tlingit TLI Roby Littlefield. R. L iso 3. Proto-Athabaskan-Eyak+ Krauss below Eyak EYA Michael Krauss <i> Eyak Grammar Draft in Progress </i> 2007. R, L lg on a par with all of Athabaskan. **Athabaskan *3Northern Ahtna AHT JD. R, L; Eth Ahtena. Tanaina TAH James Kari <i>Kenai ~ Noun Dict</i> 1974. R, L. Deg Xinag Ingalik ING James Karl <i>~ Noun Dict</i> 1978. R, L; Eth Degexit'an. Holikachuk HOI Jimmy Alexander et al. <i>~ Noun Dict</i> 1978. R, L, Eth. Koyukon KOY Eliza Jones <i>Junior Dict for Central ~ Athabaskan</i>. R, L. Lower Tanana TAA James Kari <i>~ Athabaskan Dict</i> 1994. R, L Lower Tanana, Eth. Upper Tanana TAU Paul Milanowski <i>Nee'aaneegn' - ~ (Tetlin) Dict</i> 2009. R, L, Eth. Tanacross TCB Irene Arnold et. al http://ankn.uaf.edu/ANL/file.php/3/dictionary.html R, L, Eth. Upper Kuskokwim Raymond L. Collins & Betty Petruska <i>Dinak'i (Our Words) - ~ Athabaskan Junior Dict</i> Hän HAA John T. Ritter <i>Han Gwich'in Athapaskan Noun Dictionary</i> 1978. R, L, Eth. Gwich'in KUC Lillian James <i>Western ~ Topical Dict</i> 1994. V/Eth d. Kutchin wh. is in R; Eth Gwich'in. »Tutchone R 2 lgs N and S; L Tuchone; Eth S TCE, N TUT. Tsetsaut+ TXC JD. R, L. . Tahltan TAH Hank Nater. R 2 lgs Tahltan and Kaska, L. Sekani SEK Mike Abou & Mary Charlie <i>Ft. Ware (Kwadacha) ~ Dict</i> 2000. R, L. Beaver BEA JD. R, L. Chipewyan CPW JD. R, L. Slave SLA Keren Rice 1989 = Hay River d.; has 4 more. R, V d. Chipewyan, L Slavey-Hare; Eth N Slave. Hare SCS Keren Rice, <i>A Gram of Slave</i> 1989. R, V d. Dogrib, L lg w/in Slavey-Hare; Eth d. S. Slave. Dogrib DGB Leslie Saxon & Mary Siemens <i>A ~ Dict</i>. R, L. →Babine CAR Gillian L. Story, <i>Babine and Carrier Phonology </i>1984 (#3 only). L; also Northern Carrier Eth N Carrier CAR. Carrier CAF A.G. Morice 1932. Anahim Lake d.: Hank Nater. R, L; Eth S Carrier. →Chilcotin CHI JD (old). R, L. →Nicola+ Franz Boas, <i>IJAL 3, </i>1924-5 (JD; but Boas says numbers are erroneous). R, L, not in Eth. Sarcee SRS Eung-Do Cook 1984. R, L. *3Canadian Kwalhioqua+ JD =Clatskanie which V has as d. Kwalhioqua. R, V, L Kwalhioqua-Tlatskanai; not in Eth. *3Pacific Coast *4Oregon Umpqua+ JD. R, L Upper Umpqua. →Tolowa TOL JD (old). R, L Tolowa-Chetco. Tututni+ TUU JD. V d. Chasta Costa. R only has sis. Tolowa. Coquille+ COQ Ralph Sonnenschein. V d. Chasta Costa, not in R, L part of Tututni. Galice+ GCE JD. R, L Applegate-Galice. *4California Hupa HUP Danny Ammon, web. R, L. Mattole+ MVB Fang-Kuei Li 1930. R, L. Wailaki+ WLK JD (old). R, L. Kato KTW Ralph Sonnenschein. V sis. Chasta Costa, not in R, L Cahto. *3Apachean *4Navajo Navajo NAV Young and Morgan. R, V, L *4Apache Jicarilla APJ JD. L »Lipan APL L. »Kiowa Apache APK R, L, Eth. W Apache APW Dorothy Bray, <i>~-English Dict </i>1998. R, V d. Navajo. →Chiricahua APM JD (#1-4); Carl Masthay (rest). L, V d. Navajo. R E Apache. »Mescalero L, Eth d. prev. #north *Algic - L 57 **Kutenai - L 9 Kutenai KUN http://www.firstvoices.com/en/Ktunaxa/welcome R, L iso. **Beothuk - L 58 Beothuk+ BUE JD. R, L iso with scanty evidence. **Algonquian Proto-Algonquian+ ALG Richard Rhodes and David Costa, in <i>Essays in Algonquian, Catawban and Siouan Ling</i> 2003 Blackfoot BLC Donald Frantz, <i>~ Gram</i> 2009. R, L. Cheyenne CHY Wayne Leman (fieldworker); also Debbie Young. I have a set from Amos Tallbear too, in a different orthography; his are also the `times' set (1ce, 2ce...) where Wayne's are the `quantity' set. R, L. Arapaho ARP Cowell and Moss, <i>The ~ Lg</i> 2008. R. L 4 lgs Arapaho, Atsina, Besawunera, Nawathinehena Gros Ventre, Nawathinehena Rhodes/Costa. L sep. lgs. Menomini MEZ Rhodes/Costa. R, L. Western Ojibwe OJI John Hyaduck. L Ojibwa. Ojibwean dd. Rhodes/Costa. Potawatomi POT Rhodes/Costa. L grouped with Ojibwa. Fox Ives Goddard 1994 (ed. of Leonard Bloomfield). V, R, L, Eth s. SAC Mesquakie. Kickapoo KIC Paul H. Voorhis 1988. V d. Fox, L grouped with Fox. Sauk SAC Whimemsz. V d. Fox, L grouped with Fox; Eth d. Mesquakie. Shawnee SJC Rhodes/Costa. R, L. Miami-Illinois+ MIA Rhodes/Costa. V d. Miami, R Illinois, L. Plains Cree CRP Rhodes/Costa. L Cree-Montagnais-(Naskapi), Eth Plains Cree. Moose, East Cree Whimemsz Innu (Montagnais) MOE Whimemsz. Naskapi NSK Marguerite MacKenzie and Bill Jancewicz, <i>Lexique ~ </i>1994. *3Eastern +Proto-Eastern Algonquian Rhodes/Costa Micmac MIC Maqtewékpaqtism. Have an older version from James L. Fidelholtz 1968. R, V, L. Autonym <i>L'nuwísimk</i>. W Abenaki (Sokoki) ABE Rhodes/Costa. V d. Penobscot, R and L have 2 Abenakis, E and W. Autonym <i>Alnôbaôdwawôgan</i>. E Abenaki (Penobscot) AAQ Rhodes/Costa. R, L. Narragansett+ MOF Rhodes/Costa. R, V d.Massachusett. L. Eth D. Mohegan-Montauk-~. Massachusett (Natick)+ WAM Rhodes/Costa. Not in R. V d.Massachusett. L Massachusett. Eth alt. Wampanoag. Loup A+ XLO Carl Masthay from Mathevet ~1750. R, not in L. Neither Loup is in Eth. Loup B+ XLB Carl Masthay from Magnon de Terlaye 1755. R, L. Whim says it’s probably a mish-mash of dd. Passamaquoddy (Maliseet) MAC Whimemsz. V, R. Eth Malecite-~. Powhatan+ PIM Frank T. Siebert Jr in <i>Studies in SE Indian Lgs</i> 1975. R, V, L. Delaware DEL Delaware Tribal HQ, web. V, R/Eth Unami. L. Minsi UMU Rhodes/Costa. R Munsee, V d. Delaware, L Munsee grouped with Delaware. Eth Munsee. Nanticoke+ NNT Vans Murray 1792 (CS). R, V d.Mohegan. L Nanticoke-Conoy Mohegan-Pequot+ Rhodes/Costa. V d.Mohegan. Eth see Narragansett. Mahican+ Rhodes/Costa (CS). R, V d.Mohegan. →Quiripi+ Rhodes/Costa. R; not in L nor Eth. →Unquachog+ Jefferson 1791 (CS) (#1-5 only; rest from JD). R; not in L nor Eth. Pamlico+ LUA Lawson 1709 (CS). Not in R or V or L. Eth Lumbee `descendent'. »Carolina+ R; not in L nor Eth. »Christanna+ L, Not in Eth. »Etchemin+ L, Eth ETC *3Ritwan Wiyot+ WIY JD. R, L. Yurok YUR R.H. Robins, <i>The ~ Lg: Gram, Texts, Lexicon</i> 1958. V, R, L **[Mosan] *3Chimakuan - L 7 Chemakum+ XCH JD (K = backwards k). R, L. Quileute QUI JD. R, L. *3Wakashan - L 6 *4Northern Kwakiutl KWK David McC. Grubb 1977. R Kwakwala, L. Heiltsuk HWI JD. R, L. Haisla (Kitamat) HAS Neville J. Lincoln and John C. Rath, <i>Phonology, Dict and Listing of Roots... of the ~ Lg </i>1986. Apostrophes are over the letters. R, L. *4Southern Nootka (Nuuchahnulth) NOO Matthew Davidson <i>Studies in Southern Wakashan (Nootkan) Gram</i> 2002. #6,9 from Closs 1986. R, L. Nitinat JD. R,L. Eth d. prev. Makah MYH JD. R, L. *3Salish - L 8 *4Bella Coola Bella Coola BEL H.F. Nater 1984. R, L. *4Central Salish →Comox COO JD; #4,7,9 from W.Fraser Tolmie and George M. Dawson, <i>Comp Vocab of the Indian Tribes of British Columbia </i>1884 =Kowmook. R, L Comox-Sliammon. »Pentlatch+ PTW R, L, Eth. »Sechelt SEC R Seshelt, L, Eth. Squamish SQU JD. R, L. Halkomelem HUR JD. R, L. Nooksack+ NOK JD. R, L. Saanich STR Timothy Montler (fieldworker) =Saanich d.. Also Brent D. Galloway 1990 Samish d. R, V Saanich d. N. Straits, L Straits. Klallam CLM Timothy Montler (fieldworker). Also Laurence and Terry Thompson 1971 =Clallam. R, L/Eth Clallam. Lushootseed SKA R, L, V =Northern d. Puget Sound Salish.Skagit Dawn Bates, Thom Hess, Vi Hilbert 1994 =Skagit d; corrections from Liland Brajant Ros'. Duwamish SLH Gladys A. Reichard in IJAL 1959 =Snoqualmie-Duwamish. R Lushootseed, V/Eth Southern d. Puget Sound Salish. I also have this from George Gibbs 1877. Twana+ TWA JD. R, L. *4Tillamook Tillamook+ TIL Gladys A. Reichard in IJAL 1959. V, R, L. *4Tsamosan →Quinault QUN JD (old). R, L, Eth. Upper Chehalis CJH Gladys A. Reichard in IJAL 1959; JD has a 1991 source. V, R, L Upper Chehalis. →Lower Chehalis CEA Horatio Hale, <i>Ethnograpy and Philology </i>1846 (JD). R, L, Eth. →Cowlitz COW JD (old). R, L, Eth. *4Interior *5Northern Lillooeet LIL Jan P. van Eijk <i>~-English Dict</i> 2013. R, L. Thompson THP JD. R, L. Shuswap SHS Aert H. Kuipers 1974 . V, R, L *5Southern Columbian COL JD. R, L, Eth ~-Wenatchi. Okanagan OKA Anthony Mattina <i>Colville Grammatical Structure </i> 1973. V Okanogan, R, L. Kalispel FLA Barry Carlson and Pauline Flett 1989 =Spokane. V d. Kalispel, L. Eth ~-Pend d'Oreille. Coeur d'Alene CRD Gladys A. Reichard in IJAL 1959. V, R, L. *Keres - L 36 Western Keres KJQ JD (Acoma). R, V d. Keres, L. Eastern Keres KEE JD (Santa Ana Pueblo). R, V d. Keres, L. I have a version of “Keresan” from Leslie A. White, <i>Memoirs of the American Anthropological Association </i>1935; JD's looks more modern. *Yuchi - L 55 Yuchi YUC Mary Sarah Linn <i>A Gram of Euchee (~) </i> 2001. R, L iso. *Siouan - L 39 **Catawban Catawban CHC JD. R, L. Woccon+ Gallatin 1836 (CS). R, L. **Siouan Proper Proto-Siouan+ <i>Compar Siouan Dict</i> *3Mississippi Valley Dakota DHG Stephen Return Riggs 1893. R, L. Lakhota LKT Jennifer Runner Stoney Rocky Mountain Nakoda website. Assiniboine ASB Linda A. Cumberland <i>A Gram of ~ </i> 2005. Omaha-Poncan OMA John E Koontz. R Omaha, L/Eth Omaha-Ponca. Osage OAA Caroline Quintero <i>~ Gram </i> 2004. R, L d. Kansa-Osage. →Kansa KAA Robert K. Rankin, Linda Cumberland, <i>English to ~ Dict</i>. R, L. Quapaw+ QUA Robert L. Rankin, <i>A ~ Vocabulary</i>. R, L. Chiwere IOW Jimm G. GoodTracks, <i>Iowa Otoe-Missourie Lg Dict</i>. R, L, Eth Iowa-oto. Winnebago (Hochank) WIN Síle Shigley. R, L. *3Southeastern Tutelo+ TTA Giulia R.M. Oliverio, <i>A Gram and Dict of ~</i>. R, L. Biloxi+ BLL <i>Compar Siouan Dict</i>, 8/10 from Dorsey and Swanton. R, L. Ofo+ OFO source same as above. R, L. *3Missouri River Crow CRO Randolph Graczyk, <i>A Gram of ~ 2007</i>. R, L. Hidatsa HID G.H. Matthews, <i>~ Syntax </i>1965. R, L. *3Mandan Mandan MHQ mandanlanguage.org. R, L. *Caddoan - L 40 **Caddo Caddo CAD Wallace Chafe, via Xephyr. R, L. **N Caddoan Wichita WIC JD. R, L. Kitsai+ KII 1-2 from Parks & College 1979; 4/5/10 from Bucca & Lesser 1969; rest from JD (obvs an old source). R, L. Arikara ARI American Indian Studies Research Institute Dict Database. R, L. Pawnee PAW Douglas Parks and Lula Nora Pratt, <i>A Dict of Skiri ~</i>. R, L. **Adai - L 41 Adai+ JD. R, L iso. Eth mentioned, no code. *Iroquoian - L 56 **Northern Laurentian+ LRE Cartier 1535 (CS). R, L. »Wenro+, Erie+ L *3Huronian Huron+ Potier 1920 (CS). R, L, Eth d. next. Wyandot+ WAY Claudio Salvucci . Not in R. V = Huron. L sibling of “Petun” under Huron-Petun; he also lists Neutral+. *3Five Nations Onondaga ONO John Gilmay Shea 1860. From a 17C French MS R, L. Susquehannock+ SQN Campanius 1696 (CS). R, L. Seneca SEE Campbell 1991 R, L. Mingo Jordan Lachler, Thomas McElwain, Sean Burke, web (NU). d. Cayuga. R, not in Eth. Cayuga CAY Claudio Salvucci R, L. Oneida ONE Claudio Salvucci R, L. Mohawk MOH Kahon:wes, web. Also (CS). Autonym <i>Kanien'kehá:ka</i> R, L. *3Tuscarora Tuscarora+ TUS Claudio Salvucci. R, L. Nottoway+ Wood 1820 (CS). R, L Nottaway-Meherrin, Eth mentioned but no code. **Southern Cherokee CER Richard Francis, web. R, L. *Kiowa-Tanoan - L 37 **Kiowa Kiowa KIO Laurel J. Watkins and Parker McKenzie, <i>A Gram of ~ </i>1984 (JD). R, L. **Tanoan Tewa TEW JD =Tesuque Tewa. R, L Hopi Tewa. »Santa Clara-San Juan L. Eth dd. prev. →Towa TOW JD (old). R, L. *3Tiwa →Taos TAO JD (old). R, L, Eth d. N Tiwa. →Picurís John P. Harrington, <i>~ Children's Stories </i>1925-26 (JD; missing 6-9). R, L, Eth d. N Tiwa. →Isleta TIX JD (old). R, L. »Sandia R, L Piro+ PIE JD. R, L. [Hokan] **Shasta - L 19 →Shasta+ SHT Shirley Silver 1964 (#1,2,5 only), JD (spelling corr'd to match Silver). R, L iso. **Karuk - L 20 Karuk KYH William Bright, <i>The Karok Lg </i>1957. R/Eth Karok, L iso. **Chimariko - L 21 Chimariko+ CID JD. R, L iso. **Palaihnihan - L 22 Achumawi ACH Bruce Nevin. R, L. Atsugewi ATW QA.L. Kroeber in IJAL 1958. R, L. **Yana - L 23 N Yana+ YNN Edward Sapir and Morris Swadesh, <i>Yana Dict </i>1960. R Yana, V Yana, L. →Central Yana+ Sapir and Swadesh 1960 (missing 7,8). L »South Yana+ L Yahi+ Sapir and Swadesh 1960 (1-6, 10 only). R, V, L. **Pomoan - L 24 →SE Pomo PEO JD (old). R, L. E Pomo PEB Sally McLendon 1975; 9 supplied from Closs. R, L. →NE Pomo+ PEF JD (old). R, L. *3W Branch →N Pomo PEJ JD (old). R, L. →Central Pomo POO JD (old). R, L. →S Pomo PEQ JD (old). R, L. Kashaya KJU Michael Closs 1986 =SW Pomo. R, V Southwestern Pomo, L. **Washo - L 25 Washo WAS JD. R, L iso. **Esselen - L 26 Esselen+ ESQ Betty War Brusa 1975 (#1-6), JD (#7-10). R, L iso. **Salinan - L 27 Salinan+ SAL (2 d.) Katherine Turner in Shipley, <i>In Honor of Mary Haas </i>1986. R, L iso. **Chumashan - L 28 Proto-Chumashan+ Kathryn Ann Klar <i>Topics in Historical Chumash Gram </i> 1977. »Obispeño OBI Klar. L, Eth Ventureño VEO Timothy Paul Henry <i>A Pedagogical Gram of ~ Chumash </i> 2012 Base 4. L, Eth VEO »Barbareño BOI Madison S. Beeler in Michael Closs 1986. L, Eth Ineseño INE Richard B. Applegate <i>~ Chumash Gram </i> 1966. L, Eth Ineseño Purisimeño PUY Klar. L, Eth Cruzeño CRZ Klar. L d. Isleño. **Cochimi-Yuman - L 29 NB: Most of the fa is in Margaret Langdon and Pamela Munro, “Yuman numerals”, in Klar, Langdon, and Silver, eds., <i>American Indian and Indoeuropean Studies </i>1980. I've only used this when previous sources were obviously inferior. *3Yuman *4Pai (N)Walapai YUF JD. R, L; Eth d. ~-Havasupai-Yavapai. Havasupai Leslie Spier, <i>Comp Vocab and Parallel Texts in Two Yuman Lgs of Arizona</i> 1946. R, L. Yavapai JD. R, L. Paipai PPI Langdon/Munro. R, L. *4River (C) Mohave MOV Langdon/Munro. R, L. Maricopa MRC Leslie Spier 1946, web. R, L. Yuma YUM Langdon/Munro (orig. from A.M. Halpern). L/Eth Quechan. *4Delta-California Cocopa COC James M. Crawford, <i>~ Dict </i>1989. R, L. Diegueño DIH Langdon and Munro 1980. Orig Langdon; Campo d-- also has Mesa Grande d. #1-5,10 wh. differs only in #1. R, L, Eth Kumiái. *4Kiliwa Kiliwa KLB Langdon/Munro. R. *3Cochimí »Cochimí+ L **Tequistlatecan - M 2 Tequistlatec CHD Paul and Shirley Turner 1971 =Chontal. Also in Yasugi =Highland Chontal. R, V Mountain Tequistlateco. L distinguishes Tequistlatec+ from Highland Chontal. Eth Sierra Chontal de Oaxaca. Tlamelula CLO Yasugi 1995 from Waterhouse 1985 =Lowland Chontal. R, V. Eth Costa Chontal de Oaxaca. **Jicaquean - M 3 Jicaque (Tol) TOL Yasugi 1995 from Von Hagen 1943 =Tol. R, L Eastern Jicaque. Palmar+ Yasugi 1995 from Membreño 1897. L Jicaque of El Palmar. Not in Eth. »Yurimangui+ R. Not in Eth. *N American isolates **Seri - M 4 Seri SEI Mary B. Moser and Stephen A. Marlett, SIL, web (both sets). A more phonetic set is in Yasugi 1995 from Turner 1967. R, L iso. **Guacurian - M 16 Waicuri+ JD (only #1,3 are known). R, L Guaicura. L lists other lgs, all extinct. »Quinigua+ R; mentioned by L but not included in any fa. Neither of these in Eth. **Coahuilteco - L 44 Coahuiltec+ Michael Closs 1986. R, L Coahuilteco. Not in Eth except as fa name for Tonkawa! **Cotoname - L 45 →Cotoname+ XCN Carl Masthay (#3-4 only). R. **Solano - L 47 »Solano+ XSO L - just 21 words are attested. **Comecrudan - L 48 Comecrudo+ XCM JD. R, L. None of these in Eth. »Mamulique+ EMM L, Eth »Garza+ XGR L, Eth **Tonkawa - L 42 Tonkawa+ Henry Hoijer, <i>An Analytical Dict of the ~ Lg</i> 1949.. R. **Karankawa - L 43 Karankawa+ ZKK JD. R, Eth. #meso *Uto-Aztecan - L 35 Proto-Uto-Aztecan Ronald W.Langacker 1977. **Northern *3Numic Northern Paiute PAO Allen Snapp and John and Joy Anderson 1982. R, V, L Paviotso-Bannock-Snake. Mono MON Yasugi 1995 from Kroeber 1906 = N. Fork d.; Y also has Inyo d. R, V, L Monache. Shoshone (Tümpisa) PAR Jon P. Dayley, <i>Tümpisa (Panamint) ~ Dict</i> 1989. R and V Shoshoni, L Shoshoni-Goshiute. Eth Panamint. Ft. Hall, Idaho Fred Moses, Idaho State U., web. Gosiute SHH Dirk Elzinga. R d. Shoshoni. Eth Shoshoni. Comanche COM Ormsbee Charney 1993. L. Koso JD. R, not in R or L. Eth alt. Panamint. S Paiute (of San Juan) Pamela A. Bunte and Robert J. Franklin in Wm. Shipley, ed., <i>In Honor of Mary Haas </i>1986. R, V, L. Eth d. with next two as Ute-S. Paiute. Ute UTE Yasugi 1995 from Kroeber 1906. V d. Southern Paiute, L. Chemehuevi Margaret L.Press 1979. R, V d. Southern Paiute, L. Kawaiisu KAW Zigmond, Booth, Munro, <i>~: A Gram and Dict with Texts</i> 1991. R, V d. Southern Paiute, L. *3Tübatulabal Tübatulabal TUB Yasugi 1995 from Voegelin 1935. V, R, L. *3Takic Serrano SER Yasugi 1995 from Kroeber 1909. V, R. L Serran. Kitanemuk+ Yasugi 1995 from Kroeber 1906. V, R. Not in Eth. Cahuilla CHL R, L. Cupeño CUP Jane H. Hill and Rosinda Nolasquez 1973. R, L. Luiseño LUI A.L. Kroeber and George William Grace, <i>The Sparkman Gram of ~ </i>1960. #6-9: JD. K/G have 5-7 as paváhi, kavíkvish, shölash. JD sent another set with a totally different #6-9! 10 = `my hand finished both'. R, L. Gabrielino+ Yasugi 1995 from Kroeber 1906. V, R, L. Eth part of a fa name. Giamina+ JD. Not in R or Eth. V has as dubious member of Uto-Aztecan. It seems quite close to Kitanemuk however. L notes it as an old source, probably Takic. Not in Eth. *3Hopi Hopi P.David Seaman 1985. R, L. **Southern *3Pimic Pima PAP Barnaby Lewis and Ralph Cameron, web. R, L Pima-Papago. Eth O'odham. Papago Ofelia Zepeda 1983. V d.Pima. Pima Bajo PMB Yasugi 1995 from 18C source. R, L. Eth Sonora PIA, Chihuahua PMB. Tepecano+ TEP Yasugi 1995 from Mason 1916. R, L. Northern Tepehuan NTP Burton Bascom 1982. R, L Southeastern Tepehuan TWR Thomas Leslie Willett 1991. R, L *3Taracahitic Tarahumara TAR Andrés Lionnet 1972; also 2 d. in Yasugi. R, L. Eth Central, biggest of 5 lgs. →Guarijío VAR JD (1-5 only). R, L. Eth Huarijío. Tubar+ TBU JD. R, L. Yaqui YAQ Jean B. Johnson 1962. L d. Cahitan. Cahita+ MAY Andrés Lionnet 1977. (Also in Yasugi as Mayo, respelled from this source.) V d. Yaqui, R Cahita, L d. Cahitan; he also names Mayo. Opata+ OPT JD. R, L. Eudeve+ Yasugi 1995 (from Pennington 1981). Not in R or V or Eth. L. *3Corachol-Aztecan *4Nahuan Nahuatl NCI Whimemsz. Thelma Sullivan 1976 is similar but lacks macrons. R. Tetelcingo Nahuatl NHG David H Tuggy 1979. North Pueblo Nahuatl NCJ Earl Brockway 1979. Michoacán Nahual NCL William R.Sischo 1979. Huasteca Nahuatl NAI Richard and Patricia Butler 1979. Sierra AZZ Yasugi 1995 from Robinson 1966. Pipil PPL JD. R, L. Pochutla+ ZTP JD. R, L. Eth West ZTP, Northwest ZPX. *4Cora-Huichol Cora COR Yasugi 1995 (from Casad 1984). R, L. Huichol HCH Yasugi 1995 (from Palafox Vargas 1978). R, L. *Oto-Manguean - M 1 **Eastern *3Amuzgo-Mixtecan Amuzgo AMU Yasugi 1995 from Anonymous 1954. R, L. Eth AMU is biggest of 3 lgs. *4Mixtecan Mixtec MIO Campbell 1991. R. Yasugi has 4 d.; Campbell's seem to be Jicaltepec Mixtec. Also have Chalcatongo d. from Monica Macaulay, <i>A Gram. of Ch- ~ </i>1996. R, L. Eth MIO Pinotepa Nacional Mixteco is biggest of <i>50</i> lgs. Cuicatec CUI Lost my source, but it largely agrees with another in Yasugi, from 1983. R, L. Eth biggest of 2. Trique TRC Yasugi 1995 from Good 1979. Also have this from Claude Good 1978, just an orthographical variant. R, L. Eth Copala ~, biggest of 3. *3Popolocan Mazatec MAU JD? R, L. Eth Huautla ~o, biggest of 8. Chiquihuitlán MAQ Careole Jamieson, <i>Gram Mazateca </i>1988.. Ixcatec IXC Yasugi 1995 from Fernández de Miranda 1961. R, L. Chocho COZ Yasugi 1995 from Mock 1977. R, L. Eth Chochoteco. →Popoloca PCA JD (old). R Popoloc, L. Eth Santa Inés Ahuatempan biggest of 7. *3Zapotecan Zapotec ZAV Campbell 1991. R. Yasugi has 5 d. + Córdova; Campbell's is Yatzachí d. L says there are between 6 and 55 distinct lgs. Eth ZAV is biggest of <i>58</i>. Classical Zapotec+ Yasugi 1995 from Córdova 1578. Fairly similar to today's Valle. Istmo ZAI Velma Pickett, <i>Vocab Zapoteco del Istmo </i>1965.. Mitla ZAW Yasugi 1995 from Briggs 1961. R.. Chatino CYA Leslie and Kitty Pride 1970. R, L. Eth Napala ~ biggest. **Western *3Oto-Pamean Proto-Oto-Pamean+ Doris Aileen Bartholomew, <i>The Reconstruction of Otopamean </i>1965. Otomí OTM Yasugi 1995 from Echegoyen Gleason 1979 = Sierra d. (Y has another d. too). R, L. Mazahua MAZ Mariscela Amador Hernandez, <i>Gram del ~ </i>1976. R, L, Eth Central ~. Older version Nágera Yanguas 1637 (from Yasugi 1995). Matlatzinca MAT Yasugi 1995 from Soustelle 1937 Mexicalzingo d (has 3 other d.). R, L. Ocuilteco OCU Yasugi 1995 from Schumann 1975. R, L, Eth Atzingo Matlatzinca. Pame PMZ Leonardo Manrique C. in in <i>Hdbk Mid Amer Inds</i> v5 1967 =Jiliapan d. S Pame. N and C Pame from Heriberto Avelino, “Pame Number Systems”, UCLA seminar 1999. R, L. Chichimeca PEI Yasugi 1995 from Angulo 1932 =Chichimec. R, L Chichimeco. V has as d. Pipil and as sis. Pame; I take it this is the latter since it's listed next to Pame. *3Chinantec Proto-Chinantec+ Calvin R. Rensch, <i>An Etymological Dict of the Chinantec Lgs </i>1989. R has just one Chinantec. Ojitlán Rensch 1989 CHJ L, . Usila Rensch 1989 CUS L, V Tlacoatzintepec CTL Rensch 1989. Chiltepec CSA Rensch 1989. L, V Sochiapan CSO Rensch 1989. Tepetotutla CNT Rensch 1989. Palantla CPA Rensch 1989. L, V Valle Nacional CHV Rensch 1989. Ozumacín CHV Rensch 1989. V Azumacin, Lalana CNL Rensch 1989. L, V →Petlapa CTE Rensch 1989 (2,7,10 only). Eth Tepinapa. Lealao CLE Yasugi 1995 from Rupp 1980. Mentioned in L but not in table Quiotepec Rensch 1989. L, V (also has Yolox, which L groups here). . Comaltepec CPA Rensch 1989 (no #3). *3Manguean Chiapanec+ CIP Yasugi 1995 from Lehmann 1920. R. Mangue+ CJR Juan Santiago Quirós Rodríguez, <i>Dicc Esp-~ ~-Esp </i>1999. Missing 6/8/9 but they're probably lost for good. R. *3Tlapanec-Subtiaba Tlapanec TLL Jorge A. Suárez, <i>~ de Malinaltepec </i>1988. L; R puts this fa in Hokan. Eth also has TPX Acatepec and TPC Azoyú. Subtiaba+ SUT Yasugi 1995 from Lehmann 1920. R, L. *[Penutian] **Tsimshian - L 5 Tsimshian TSI John Asher Dunn 1995. R, L fa of 3 lgs: Nass-Gitksan, Coast, Southern. Gitksan Hindle & Rigsby <i>Short Practical Dict of the ~ Lg</i> 1973. Nisga’a NCG Marie-Lucie Tarpent <i>Gram of the Nisgha Lg</i> 1989. Not in R. L d. Nass-Gitksan **Chinook - L 10 Chinook Jargon CRW George Gibbs 1863. Eth ~ Wawa. Lower Chinook+ CHH JD. R, L Lower Chinookan. →Upper Chinook WAC W. Fraser Tolmie and George M. Dawson, <i>Comp Vocab of the Indian Tribes of British Columbia </i>1884. R, L Upper Chinookan, fa of 3 lgs Cathlamet, Multnomah, Kiksht. Eth Wasco-Wishram. **Takelman - L 14 Takelma+ TKM Edward Sapir in Boas 1922. R, L. Tfalati+ William Shipley in Earl H. Swanson 1970. R, L Northern Kalapuya, not in Eth. Santiam+ KAL William Shipley in Earl H. Swanson 1970; #6-9 from Jarel. R, L Central Kalapuya. Eth Kalapuya. →Yonkalla+ William Shipley in Earl H. Swanson 1970. R, L Southern Kalapuya. **Coosan - L 13 Coos+ COS Leo J. Frachtenberg in Boas 1922. R, L fa with 2 lgs Hanis and Miluk. **Alsean - L 11 Alsea+ AES JD. R, L. »Yaquina+ L, Eth d. prev. **Siuslaw - L 12 Siuslaw+ SIS Leo J. Frachtenberg in Boas 1922. R, L iso. **Plateau *3Sahaptian - L 15 »Lipan L. This does differ from Apache Lipan, right? Sahaptin UMA Rigsby & Rude <i>Sketch of ~</i> 1996. R, L. Eth also WAA Walla Walla Nez Percé NEZ Haruo Aoki 1994; also Anthony Morvillo 1891. R, L. *3Klamath-Modoc - L 16 Klamath KLA Scott DeLancey (whose field it is). R, L. Eth ~-Modoc. *3Molala - L 17 Molale+ MBE JD. R, L. **Cayuse - L 18 Cayuse+ JD. R, L. Not in Eth. **Wintuan - L 30 Wintu+ WIT Harvey Pitkin 1984. R Wintun, L. Nomlaki+ JD. R, L, Eth d. Wintu. Patwin JD. R, L 2 lgs N and, Eth d. Wintu.. **Maiduan - L 30 NW Maidu MAI Michael Closs 1986. R, L has one Maidu lg. S Maidu NSZ JD. R, Eth d. Nisenan. →Mountain Maidu NMU JD (old). R. »Konkow L, Eth alt. NW Maidu. Nisenan NSZ Andrew Eatough, <i>Central Hill ~ Texts with Gram Sketch </i>1999. L. **Yokutsan - L 33 Foothill North Yokuts YOK Geoffrey Gamble 1978 =Wikchamni. R, V Wükchamni d. Ft N Yokuts, L Tule-Kaweah. Eth all of these are d. Yokuts. Nopṭinṭe Yokuts+ Madison S. Beeler 1971, but based on Felipe Arroyo de la Cuesta 1837, L. Foothill South Yokuts+ JD. R, L uncertain. Valley Yokuts+ JD. R, L grouping. »Poso Creek (Palewyami), Buena Vista (Tulamni), Kings River (Chukaymina), Gashowu, Yachikumne, bd-Yokuts, Chawchila, N. Hill (Chukchansi), S. Valley (Wechihit) L **Miwok-Costanoan - L 32 *3Costanoan *4Karkin Karkin+ KRB M.S. Beeler in IJAL 1961. V, L, not in R. *4Northern »San Francisco+ V d. N Costanoan, L Ramaytush, Juichun+ M.S. Beeler in IJAL 1961. V Huichun d. East Bay (Chocheño) d. N Costanoan. Santa Clara+ M.S. Beeler in IJAL 1961. V d. N Costanoan, L Tamyen, Eth this and next N Costanoan. Santa Cruz+ CST M.S. Beeler in IJAL 1961. R, V d. N Costanoan, L Awaswas. San José+ M.S. Beeler in IJAL 1961. R, V d. N Costanoan, not in L. Soledad+ JD (from Hale). R, L Chalon. »Ohlone+ R, not in L or V. Eth has this as an alt. N <i>or</i> S Costanoan. *4Southern Rumsen+ CSS JD. R, L. Eth has all of these as one lg, S Costanoan. Mutsun + Natasha Warner, Lynnika Butler, Quirina Geary, ~-Eng Eng-~ Dict 2016. R, L, V d S Costanoan, L. Monterey+ M.S. Beeler in IJAL 1961. R, V d. S Costanoan, not in L. *3Miwok Proto-Miwok Catherine Callaghan 1994 (IJAL). Unless otherwise shown, Miwoks come from Eugene Conrotto 1973; all are in V, R, L. *4Eastern Plains Miwok PMW Catherine Callaghan, <i>~ Dict</i> 1984 Northern Sierra (Amador) NSQ Catherine Callaghan, <i>N- S- M- Dict</i> 1987 Central Sierra (Tuolumne) CSM Southern Sierra (Mariposa) SKD »Bay Miwok+ MKQ L and V only =Saclan. *4Western Coast Miwok Bodega Miwok CSI Marin Miwok Lake Miwok LMW **Zuñi - L 38 Zuñi ZUN Michael Closs 1986. R, L iso. **Yukian - L 34 Yuki+, Coast Yuki, Huchnom + YUK Uldis Ivars Jānis Balodis <i>Yuki Gram in its Areal Context with sketches of Huchnom and Coast Yuki </i> 2011. Also see Michael Closs 1986. Wappo+ WAO from above. R, L. **Chitimacha - L 50 Chitimacha+ CHM Morris Swadesh <i>~ gram, texts and vocabulary </i> 1939. R, L iso. **Tunica - L 51 Tunica+ TUK JD. R, L iso. **Atakapan - L 49 W Atakapa+ ALE Anthony Grant, "A note on Bida". R Atakapa, L. Eth puts this and next together. →E Atakapa+ Grant. R Atakapa, L. Bidai+ Grant »Akokisa+ L, not in Eth. **Natchez - L 52 Natchez+ NCZ John R. Swanton, <i>IJAL </i>3, 1924-5 (JD). R, L iso. **Muskogean - L 53 L presents two classifications; each recognizes the groupings below, but they differ on which of them form higher-level taxa. *3Western Choctaw CCT George Aaron Broadwell (via net; author of a Choctaw dict.). R, L. Chickasaw CIC Pamela Munro, Catherine Willmond 1994. V d. Choctaw. R, L. *3Southern Apalachee+ XAP JD. R, L, Eth. Alabama AKZ Cora Sylestine, Heather Hardy, Timothy Montler 1993 R, L. Koasati CKU Geoffrey Kimball 1994. R, L. *3Hitchiti-Mikasuki Hitchiti+ JD. V, L, not in Eth. Mikasuki MIK JD. R, V d. Hitchiti. *3Northern Muskogee (Creek) CRK JD. R,V, L Creek. Seminole JD. R d. Muskogee, L separate, not in Eth. Mobile Trade Language+ James M. Crawford 1978 (#6,7,9 from Jarel). Not in V / R / L / Eth. **Huave - M 5 San Mateo del Mar HUV Stairs & Stairs <i>Dicc Huave de ~</i> 1981. San Francisco del Mar Yuni Kim <i>Topics in the Phonology and Morphology of ~ Huave</i> 2008. Others Xephyr, from Rolf Noyer <i>Dicc Etimológico y Comparativo de las Lenguas Huaves</i> **Mixe-Zoquean - M 7 Epi-Olmec+ Woodard 2004. *3Mixean Sayula PLO Yasugi 1995 from Clark and Clark 1974 (1-6), Lehmann 1920 (7-10). R, L. Oluta POS Yasugi 1995 from Clark 1981. R, L. »Tapachultec+ L, not in Eth. *4Oaxaca Totontepec MTO Yasugi 1995 from Schoenhals 1982. Also Miguel Bolaños Cacho 1902. L North Highland Mixe. R has just Mixe. Tlahuitoltepec MXP Yasugi 1995 from Lyon 1980. L Zempoaltepetl. »Non-Zempoaltepetl L. These 3 not in Eth. »N Midland Mixe L »S Midland Mixe L *3Zoquean *4Gulf Texixtepec POQ Yasugi 1995 from Lehmann 1920. R, L Texistepec. →Sierra Popoluca POI Benjamin F. Elson in <i>Hdbk Mid Amer Inds</i> v5 1967 (1-3); #4 is from Yasugi, apparently from another Elson article; gives #5+ as singkoh and sez rest are now Spanish. Old #5-6 are from Mary L. Foster and George M. Foster 1948. R, L Soteapan. »Ayapa L. If = Ayapanec, alt. ZOQ Tabasco Zoque. *4Chimalapa »Santa María L. Eth both of these ZOH. »San Miguel L *4Chiapas Francisco ZOS León Yasugi 1995. L N Zoque. R has just Zoque. Rayón ZOR Yasugi 1995. L NE Zoque A. »Chapultenango, Oxolotán L ds. NE Zoque B. Eth first is ZOS. Copainalá ZOC Yasugi 1995 from Harrison and García 1981; Yasugi has 3 d. in all. L d. Central Zoque. »Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Ocozocuautla L ds. S Zoque. Not in Eth. **Totonacan - M 6 Totonac TOS Yasugi 1995 from Hernández García 1982. R, L. Eth TOS biggest of 8. Tepehua TPP Yasugi 1995 from Bower 1948. R, L. Eth TPP biggest of 3. **Mayan - M 8 Proto-Mayan+ Lyle Campbell 1988. *4Huastecan Huastec HVA Lyle Campbell 1988 =Chicomuceltec and Huastec. Also Norman A. McQuown in <i>Supp. Hdbk. Mid. Amer. Ind.</i>, 1984. R, V, L. Eth HVA San Luís Potosí is biggest. Chicomuceltec+ COB Yasugi 1995 from Sapper 1910. R, L. *4Yucatecan Yucatec YUA Alfred M.Tozzer 1921. Also have a classical orthography from Beltran 1746 (in Yasugi). L, R, V d. Maya. →Lacandon LAC Yasugi 1995 from Bruce 1968. #4 up are terms based on finger counting; #7-9 are from Jarel, from an old source. R, L. →Itza ITZ JD (old). R, L. →Mopan MOP JD (old; no #8-10). R, L. *4Cholan-Tzeltalan Chol CTU Lyle Campbell 1988. Yasugi has 2 (earlier) versions. R, V, L. Eth CTI Tila Ch'ol or CTU Tumbala, bigger. Chontal CHF JD. R, L. »Choltí+ R, L. Eth mentions but no code. →Chorti CAA JD (old). R, L Ch'orti'. Tzeltal TZB Lyle Campbell 1988 =Southern Tzeltal. Yasugi has another version. R, L. Eth Oxchuc (Highland) TZH, Bachajón (Lowland) TZB. Tzotzil TZC Jennifer Runner. Yasugi has 2 d. R, V, L. Eth biggest Chamula. *4Q'anjob'alan-Chujean Tojolabal TOJ Lyle Campbell 1988. Also in Yasugi. R, V, L. Chuj CNM Lyle Campbell 1988. Also in Yasugi. R, V Chujean, L. Eth San Mateo Ixtatán CNM, San Sebastián Coatán CAC. Motozintlec MHC Lyle Campbell 1988. Also in Yasugi, but old. R/Eth Mocho, V, L Motocintlec. Kanjobal KJB JD. R, L Q'anjob'al. Eth East Kanjobal. →Acatec KNJ JD (#1-2 only). R, L Akateko. Eth alt W. Kanjobal. Jacaltec JAC Lyle Campbell 1988. Also in Yasugi. R, V L Jakalteko. Eth E JAC, W JAI, *4Eastern *5Mamean Teco TEC Terrence Kaufman in IJAL 1969. In Yasugi as Tectitec, from 1987... R, L. Eth Tectiteco. Mam MAM Campbell 1991. Also in Yasugi. #9 from Jarel. R, V, L. Eth biggest of 5. Aguacatec AGU JD. R, L Awakateko. Ixil IXI Yasugi 1995 from Ayres 1980 2 d. R, L. Eth biggest is Nebaj. *5K'ichean Uspantec USP JD. R, L Uspanteko. →Achi ACC Mary Shaw and Helen Nevenswander in Marvin K. Mayers, <i>Lgs of Guatemala </i>1966 (missing #6,7,10). R, not in L. Probably a form of Uspantec. Kekchi KEK Guillermo Sedat S., <i>Nuevo Dicc de las Lgas K'ekchi' y Esp </i>1955. R, L Q'eqchi'. *6Core K'ichean Quiché QUC Campbell 1991. Also in Yasugi. R, V, L K'iche'. Eth Central QUC, W Central QUT are biggest. Cakchiquel Alfredo Herbruger and Eduardo Diaz Barrios 1956. In Yasugi as Kekchí. R, V, L Kaqchikel. Tzutujil Jon P. Dayley, <i>~ Gram.</i> 1985. R, V, L Tz'utujil. Sacapultec JD. R, L Sakapulteko. →Sipacapa JD (#1-2 only). R, L Sipakapense. *6Poqom Pocomchi Yasugi 1995 from Brown 1979 (#1 correction from Victor Engel). R, L Poqomchi'. Pocomam JD. R, L Poqomam. *[Macro-Chibchan] **Tarascan - M 9 Tarascan TSZ Yasugi 1995 from Foster 1969; v. sim. forms in Pablo Velásquez Gallardo 1978 =Phorhépecha. R; V iso, maybe w/ Penutian, L iso. Eth Purépecha. **Cuitlatec - M 10 Cuitlatec+ Yasugi 1995 from Escalante Hernández 1962. R, L iso. Not in Eth. **Xincan - M 11 Eth has all this as one lg Xinca. Sinacatan XIN Yasugi 1995 from Lehmann 1920. R and V Xinca. L has 4 lgs but not this one. Chiquimulilla Christopher Rogers, <i>A Compar Gram of Xincan</i> 2010. N Barrio d. is from Yasugi 1995. L. Yupiltepec+ Yasugi 1995. R Yupiltepec. Jutiapa Frauke Sachse <i>Reconstructive Description of Eighteenth-century Xinka Gram</i> 2010; also Yasugi. d. above Guazacapan Rogers. Jumaytepeque Rogers **Lencan - M 12 Lenca+ LEN Yasugi 1995 from Lehmann 1920. R. Chilanga Walter Lehmann <i>Die Sprachen Zentral-Amerikas </i> 1920. L, not in Eth. **Naolan - M 14 »Naolan+ L iso. Not in Eth. **Maratino - M 15 »Maratino+ L iso, R in Hokan. Not in Eth. **Alagüiac - M 17 »Alagüilac+ L iso. Not in Eth. **Misumalpan - M 13, K 9 Miskito MIQ Mike MacDonell. L. Sumo (Ulwa) SUM Thomas Green, web =Ulwa. Yasugi has 2 d., Ulwa and Panamaka. R, V, L Sumu. Mayangna Susan Norwood <i> Gramática de la Lengua Sumu </i> 2010. Cacaopera+ CCR Yasugi 1995 from Campbell 1975. Not in R or V. Eth: sis. Sumo, Miskito. L. →Matagalpa+ MTN JD (1-4 only). R, L. **Chibchan - K 8> Guetar+ R, L Huetar. Not in Eth. →Katio+ Lk (1950). R, L Old Catío, Eth Emberá-Catío. »Nutabe+ R, L. Not in Eth. →Tairona+ Lk (1953). L. Not in Eth. →Buglere SAB Stephen H. Levinsohn in <i>Lgs de Panama </i>1975 =Bocotá. »Anserma+, Arma+ R, not in L. Eth ANS, AOH. *3Chibchan A Teribe TFR Yasugi 1995 from Lehmann 1920. R, L Tiribí. Cabecar CJP Yasugi 1995 from Lehmann 1920. R, L Cabécar. Bribri BZD Yasugi 1995 from Lehmann 1920. R, L. Borunca BRN Victor Manual Arroyo Soto 1972 =Brunka. R, L/Eth Boruca. Guaymi GYM Yasugi 1995 from Alphonse 1956. R, L d. Movere. Eth Ngäbere. »Bocotá L. Eth alt. Buglere from Chibchan. *3Chibchan B Paya PAY Yasugi 1995 from Lehmann 1920. R, L, Eth Pech. Rama RMA Yasugi 1995 from Rigby and Schneider 1989. R, L. →Guatuso GUT Carl Masthay (1-5, 10 only). R, L, Eth Maléku-Jaíka. »Dorasque+ L, not in Eth. →Chánguena+ Lk (1920). L, not in Eth. *4Eastern Chibcha+ Campbell 1991... what the heck is this? It's in this family, but what lg? Cuna CUK Yasugi 1995 from Holmer 1946. R, L. Eth CUK San Blas (Panama) or KUA Border (Colombia) *5N Columbian Chimila CBG JD. JD also sent 2 d, Alto Río Ariguaní and Bajo Río Ariguaní; the first differs from those listed only in accents, and the 2nd is not far distant. R, L. →Cagaba KOG JD (1-8 only). R, L Cágaba, Eth Cogui. Ica ARH JD. R, L Bíntucua. Guamaca+ JD. R, L. Eth d. Malayo. →Malayo MBP JD (missing 5-9). R, L d. Guamaca. →Atanque+ JD (1-9 only). R, L. Not in Eth. *5S Columbian →Motilon MOT Adolfo de Villamañán, <i>Vocab Barí Comparado </i>1975 (6-9 missing). R, L Barí. Central Tunebo TUF JD. R, V, L Tunebo. Tunebo de Margua JD. R has 3 Tunebos... which is this? Not in Eth. Tunebo de Manare JD. Not in Eth. Sinsiga+ JD. R, L Sínsiga d. Tunebo. Not in Eth. →Duit+ JD (#1,3 only). R. Not in Eth. Muisca+ L. Eth alt. Chibcha. It's in Lk and it <i>is</i> Chibcha. #south *[Paezan] **Chimuan - K 41 Chimú+ Campbell. R, L Yunga. Fa not in Eth. »Cañari+ L. →Puruha+ Lk (1927, #2 only). L. **Macro-Huarpean *3Huarpe - K 61Allentiac+ JD. R, L Huarpe. Fa not in Eth. Millcayac+ JD. R, L. *3Muran - K 96 →Mura+ JD (1-3 only). R, L. Fa as one lg Múra-Pirahã. →Pirahã Daniel Leonard Everett, <i>A lg ~ e a teoria da sintaxe </i>1983 (1-2 only). L, not in R, Eth d. prev. →Bohura+ Lk (1925). L, not in R. »Yahahí+ L, not in R. *3Matanawi - K 97Matanawi+ JD. R, L Matanawí. Eth mentioned, no code. **Jirajaran - K 3 →Ayoman+ Lk (1927) L, R. Fa not in Eth. »Gayón+ L, R. »Jirajara+ L, R. **Chocoan - K 4 →Embera EMP Charles A. Mortensen, <i>A Ref Gram of the Northern ~ Lgs </i>1999 (1-5 only). R, L 2 lgs N and S. Epena SJA Pedee Philip Lee Harris, <i>~ Syntax </i>1994. Eth SJA Emberá-Saija. →Catio CTO Randall Q. Huber and Robert B. Reed, <i>Vocabulario Comparativo: Palabras Selectas de Lenguas Indígenas de Colombia </i>1992 (JD) (1-3, 5 only). R, L d. S Emberá. →Chami CMI Huber and Reed 1992 (JD) (1-4, 10 only). R, L d. S Emberá. →Saija SJA Huber and Reed 1992 (JD)(1-3, 5 only). R, L Saixa-Baudo d. S Emberá. »Baudo R, L see previous →Tado TDC Huber and Reed 1992 (JD)(1-5 only). R, L d. S Emberá. . Waunana NOA Micaela Sánchez A. and Olga Castro G., <i>Una Gram Pedagogica del ~</i>. R, L Noanamá. Eth Woun Meu. »Sinúfana L, not in Eth. »Quimbaya+ L, not in Eth. »Caramanta R, not in L. Eth mentioned as rel. Anserma. →Basurudo Huber and Reed 1992 (JD) (1-3 only). R, not in L. Eth d. Saija. »Runa+ RUN R, not in L. Eth **Macro-Paezan *3Cunza - K 99 Kunza+ JD. R, L iso. *3Kapixaná - K 100 →Capishana JD (1-3 only). R in Equatorial, L Kapixaná iso. Not in Eth. *3Betoi - K 5 →Betoi+ Lk (1911). R, L iso. Not in Eth. *3Paes-Barbacoan *5Paezan - K 6 →Andaqui+ ANA JD (#1-3, 5 only). R, L. →Paez PBB Huber and Reed 1992 (JD)(1-5, 10 only). R, L, Eth Páez. »Panzaleo+ (Latacunga, Quito) L. Not in Eth. →Coconuco+ JD (1-2 only). R. →Totoro+ TTK JD (1-6, 10 only). R. Not in Eth. →Guambiano GUM Huber and Reed 1992 (JD)(1-5, 10 only). R. »Popayan+ R, V Popayán (with Puracé), not in L. Not in Eth. *5Barbacoan - K 7 →Cuaiquer KWI Huber and Reed 1992 (JD)(1-4 only). R, V, L Coaiquer. Eth Awa-~. »Muellama+ L, V Muellamues. Note: R has a “Barbacoas” lg. Not in Eth. »Pasto+ BPB L, V. Eth Barbacoas. Cayapa CBI JD. R, V, L. Eth Chachi. Colorado COF Bruce R. Moore 1966. R, V, L. »Caranqui+ L, V Caranki. Not in Eth. *3Itonama - K 98 →Itonama ITO JD (1-4 only). R. *3Warao - K 112 Warao WBA JD. R, L iso. *SAME Yanomaman - K 111 »Yanam R Crichana?, L. Eth alt. Ninam. →Ninam SHB JD (1-3 only). R, L Nimam d. Yanam. →Sanuma SAM JD (1-4 only). R, L Sanumá →Yanomami WCA Michael Closs 1986 =Yanoama. R has 4 Yanomam languages, I don't know which this is. V has Yanomani d. Waica. L Yanomámi, →Yanomamö GUU Jacques Lizot, <i>Dicc Yanomami-Esp </i>1975 (JD). (1-3 only). R, L Yanomamö. *SAME [Andean] **Culle-Cholonan *3Culle - K 43 »Culli+ R, L Culle. Not in Eth. *3Cholonan - K 42 Cholona+ CHT JD; also in Brinton 1892. R, L/Eth Cholón. →Hibito+ HIB JD (1-2 only). R, L. **Tucanoan - K 23 *3Western →Coreguaje COZ Huber and Reed 1992 (JD) (#1-5, 10). R, L Correguaje, Eth Koreguaje. »Macaguaje+ MCL R, L ~ d. ~. Siona SIN Alva Wheeler, <i>Gram of the ~ Lg </i>1970. R, L Siona-Piojé d. Macaguaje. . Pioche Carl Masthay. V d. Piojé-Sioni = R's SIONA-SECOYA, L see previous. Eth alt. prev. Secoya SEY Ramón and Elias Piaguaje, Orville E. and María de Johnson, <i>Vocab ~ </i>1992. R, L d. Macaguaje. »Tetete TEB R, L Teteté →Orejón ORE Daniel and Virginia Velie SIL 1981 (#1-5, 10). R, L. »Yauna L. Not in Eth. *3Central Cubeo CUB Nancy L. Morse, Jay K. Salser Jr., Neva de Salser, <i>Dicc Ilustrado Bilingüe ~-Español </i>1999. All numbers followed by <i>(ãmuyo) i~ni </i>(#5,10 leave out first word). R, L, *3Eastern Macuna MYY Germán Franco García and José Raúl Monquí Sánchez, <i>Gram Yemabasa </i>1975. I've normalized some spelling variants in 6-9. R, L Desano DES Marion Miller, <i>~ Gram </i>1999. R, L 1 lg with next. →Siriano SRI Huber and Reed 1992 (JD) (#1-5, 10). R. →Tuyuca TUE Huber and Reed 1992 (JD) (#1-5, 10). R, L Bará-Tuyuka. →N, S Barasano BSN Wendell and Paula Jones (#1-5; #10 from Jarel). R, L d. previous. Eth Barasana. →Carapana CBC Huber and Reed 1992 (JD) (#1-5, 10). R, L Carapano. →Tatuyo TAV Huber and Reed 1992 (JD) (#1-5, 10). R, L d. Carapano →Tucano TUO Huber and Reed 1992 (JD) (#1-5, 10). R, L →Yuruti YUI Huber and Reed 1992 (JD) (#1-5, 10). R, L d. Tucano. →Guanano GVC Huber and Reed 1992 (JD) (#1-5, 10). R, L →Piratapuyo PIR Huber and Reed 1992 (JD) (#1-5, 10). R, L. →Tanimuca TNC Huber and Reed 1992 (JD) (#1-5, 10). R, not in L. Eth ~-Retuarâ. Tama+ TEN Carl Masthay. (1-4 v. similar in Daniel Brinton 1892). R, not in L. »Miriti R, not in L nor Eth. **Macro-Puinávean *4Puinavean - K 19 »Kuri-Dou L. Not in Eth. »Kamán KWA L, Eth Kamã. »Guariba R, L, not in Eth. →Cacua CBV Huber and Reed 1992 (JD) (#1-5, 10). R. →Puinave PUI JD (missing #9; from 2 diff. sources). R. →Waviare (Makusa) MBR Huber and Reed 1992 (1-2,5,10 only). L, Eth MBR Nukak Makú. *4Katukinan - K 20 →Catawishi+ QKI Lk (1949). R, L Katawixi, Eth Katawixi. →Catuquina KAV Carl Friedr. Phil. von Martius, <i>Glossaria Linguarum Brasiliensum </i>1863. R, L Katukina, Eth Katukína. →Canamari KNM Carl Masthay (1-3 only). R, L d. S Katukinan, Eth Kanamarí. »Tucundiapa+ R, L d. S Katukinan. This and rest of fa not in Eth. →Bendiapa+ JD (1-3 only). R →Parawa+ JD (1-3 only). R »Burua+, Taware+ R, not in L *4Kaliánan *5Ahuaqué - K 115 →Arutani ATX JD (1-3 only). R, L Ahuaqué, V gives equivalence. *5Kaliana - K 116 →Sape SPC JD (1-3 only). R, L Sapé *5Nadahup (Maku) - K 117 →Macu YAB Loukotka (JD; 1-3 only). R, L iso Maku, Eth Yuhup. Dâw Mauricio Carvalho Nadëb MBJ Patience Epps 2006. R/L Nadöb in Puinavean. Hup JUP Patience Epps <i>A Gram of ~</i> 2008 (2 d.). R/L Hupda, Eth Hupdë in Puinavean. Yuhup YAB Patience Epps 2006. R/L former Maku. **Nambiquaran - K 104 *4Nambikuaran. S Nambikuara NAB Prelazia de Diamantino, <i>Listas de Vócabulos Nambiquaras </i>1942. JD has a v. similar set explicitly labelled S... also a rather different set labelled S! R, L Nambiquara. »Sarare SRR R, L Sararé. »Kabishi Not in R; L lists here but also as a lg under Chapakuran! Eth alt. Sarare. →N Nambikuara JD (1-6 only). R, L Kithãulhú →Sabanes SAE JD (1-3 only). R, L Sabané. **Ticuna-Yuri *3Ticuna - K 24 →Ticuna TCA JD (old). R, L *3Yuri =- K 25 →Yuri+ JD (old; and is this the right place?). R, L, not in Eth. **Quechumaran *3Quechuan Eth has 46 lgs! t has 9 in Central and 16 in Peripheral Proto-Quechua+ Rosenfelder (colonial) QCL Gonçalez Holguin 16C *4Central (Ancash) QAN Gary J. Parker and Amancio Chávez 1976. Eth Huaylas Ancash. Huánuco QEJ David John Weber 1947 Junín QJU Rodolfo Cerron-Palomino 1976 *4Peripheral Ayacucho QUY Clodoaldo Soto Ruiz 1976 Cajamarca QNT Félix Quesada C. 1976 San Martín QSA Marinell Park, Nancy Weber, Victor Cenepo S. 1976 Brazil (S. Paulo d'Olivenza, Tabatingu, etc.) Carl Friedr. Phil. von Martius, <i>Glossaria Linguarum Brasiliensum </i>1863. Cuzco QUZ Antonio Cusihuamán 1976 Ecuador QUG Julio (s.t.) Montenegro 1971. Eth Highland Chimbarazo (biggest). Argentina QUS Ivan Derzhanski = Quichua de Santiago del Estero, from web. *3Aymaran Aymara AYM Juan Francisco Deza Galindo 1992. R, L Jaqaru JQR M.J. Hardman 1966 R, L →Kawki Lk (1956). L. Eth d. prev. **Macro-Lekoan *3Sechura - K 44 »Sec+ R, L Sechura. Not in Eth. *3Catacaoan - K 45 »Catacao+ R, L. Fa not in Eth. »Colan+ R, L Colán *3Leco - K 46 Leco+ LEC Daniel Brinton, <i>Studies in South American Native Lgs </i>1892 (1-5, 10 only). R, L. **Zaparoan-Yaguan *3Zaparoan - K 33 *4Záparo →Zaparo ZRO JD (old). R, L Záparo-Conambo →Andoa ANB JD (1-3 only). R, L Arabela-Andoa. . Arabela ARL Rolland G. Rich, <i>Dicc ~-Castellano </i>1999 (1-4 only). R, L see prev., Eth ARL. *4Iquito-Cahuarano →Iquito IQU JD (old). R. →Cahuarano CAH JD (1-5 only). R. *3Yaguan Peba+ JD. R. Eth: mentioned in fa name but no code. Yameo+ YME JD. R. →Yagua YAD JD (old). R. *3Sabela - K 36 Auca (Waorani) AUC M. Catherine Peeke =Auca. R Auca, V Sabela, Eth Waorani, L Sabela. *3Kandoshi-Omurano-Taushiro Kaufman tentatively groups these together, and others relate one or more of these to Zaparoan; Candoshi has also been linked to Arawakan and Jivaroan. *4Omurano - K 35 Omurano+ OMU JD. R, L. *4Taushiro - K 35a »Taushiro TRR *4Candoshi - K 30 Candoshi CBU Juan Tuggy, <i>Vocab ~ de Loreto </i>1966. R in Jivaroan, L iso, Eth ~-Shapra. *SAME [Equatorial] **Katembri-Taruma *3Taruma - K 113 Taruma+ WAP JD. R, L, not in Eth. *3Katembri - K 86 »Katembri+ R, L Katembrí, not in Eth. **Esmeralda-Yaruroan *3Esmeralda - K 27 →Esmeralda (Takame) Jarel, probably: 1 number only. R, L, not in Eth. *3Yaruro - K 28 Yaruro YAE JD. R, L **Tequiraka-Canichana *3Tequiraka- K 21 →Auishiri+ JD (1-3 only). R, L Tequiraca, Eth Abishira. *3Canichana - K 22 →Canichana CAZ JD (1-3 only). R, L **Macro-Andean *3Jivaroan-Cahuapanan *4Jivaroan - K 31 Jivaro JIV Maurizio Covaz Gnerre in Closs 1986. Also in Julio (s.t.) Montenegro 1971, but Covaz's transcription is obviously more precise. R Shuara, L d. Jívaro, Eth Shuar. Aguaruna AGR Mildred L. Larson 1966. R, L. Achuar ACU Maurizio Covaz Gnerre in Closs 1986. R, L d. Jívaro, Eth ~-Shiwiar. Huambisa HUB Martha Jakway, <i>Vocab ~ </i>1987. R, L d. Jívaro. *4Cahuapanan - K 32 →Chayahuita CBT JD (1-3 only). R, L Jebero JEB JD. Also in Brinton 1892 as “Jívaro” (but it's this). R, L *3Urarina - K 37 Urarina URA Phyllis Manus (SIL fieldworker). Autonym <i>Kacha</i> `people'. R, L *3Puelche - K 60→ Puelche+ PUE JD (old). Also in Brinton 1892-- better-looking, actually, but #1-5 only. R, V, L. **Zamucoan - K 68. Ayoreo AYO Carl Masthay. R, L. →Chamacoco CEG JD (old). R, L **Timotean - K 2 Cuica+ JD. R, L d. Timote-Cuica. Timote+ JD. R →Mucuchí+ Lk (1927). R. →Maripú+ Lk (1927). R. Fa not in Eth except MUF Mutús, said to be a descendant. **Piaroa-Saliba - K 114 →Piaroa PID JD (#1-3), Carl Masthay (rest). R, L Piaroa-Maco. →Saliba SLC Huber and Reed 1992 (JD) (#1-5 only). R, L Sáliva *SAME Tupi-Cariban **Tupian - K 109 »Arawete AWT R, L Araweté →Aweti AWE Lucien Adam 1896 =Auetö. R, L →Kamayura KAY Lucien Adam 1896. R, L Kamayurá »Mawe MAW JD. R, L d. Mawé-Sateré »Jo'é L, not in R nor Eth. →Purubora PUR JD (1-3 only). R, L Puruborá →Dzubucua+ KZW JD (1-3 only). R, not in L. →Kamaru+ JD (1-4 only). R, not in L nor Eth. »Sapuya+ R, not in L nor Eth.. General note: Searching for accented characters in Eth didn't work, so some of the `not in Eth' notations may be inaccurate. *3Guaraní →Sheta+ XET JD (1-5 only). R, L/Eth Xetá . Guayaki GUQ Branislava Susnik, <i>Estudios ~ : Voc Ache </i>1962 (#1 from JD). miro = `accompany'; wachú = `big'; tara = `many'. R, L Guajaki, Eth Aché. →Juma Lk (1867). Not in Eth. *4Guaraní. Kaiwa KGK JD (sez source is <i>Anthropos</i>). R, L Kaiwá d. Kaingwá. »Bolivian Guaraní L, not in R, Eth GNW. Guarani GUG Modern #s from Dalby. L Paraguayan Guaraní. →Chiripá-Nyandeva NHD Lk (1934). L, not in R Chiriguano GUI Wolf Dietrich 1986. V d. Guarani, L, Eth E. Boliv. Guaraní. →Tapiete TAI Lk (1930). R, L d. Chiriguano »Mbü'a L, not in R nor Eth. *3Guarayú →Guarayu GYR JD (old). R. . Nhengatu YRL Ermano Stradelli, <i>Voc Pt-Nheêngatú </i>1920. <i>pó</i> = `hand'. R, L Nheengatú not classified. →Pauserna PSM Lk (1880). R, L, Eth PSM. Siriono SRQ Michael Closs 1986 =Siriona. R, V, L/Eth Sirionó »Yuqui YUQ R, L d. Sirionó. *3Tupí *4Tupí Old Tupi+ TPN Not in R, L Tupinamba »Southern Tupí+ L, not in Eth. »Potiguara+ R, L *4Cocama Cocama COD Norma Faust W. 1972; also Lucien Adam 1896 and Lucas Espinosa 1935. R, L/Eth Cocama-Cocamilla →Omagua OMG #2-3 Lucien Adam 1896; others: JD. R, L Omagua-Campeva *3Tenetehara →Tapirape TAF Lk (1916). R, L Tapirapé. »Parakaña PAK R, L Parakaná d. Akwawa. →Ava AVV Lk (1963, #1 only). R, L Avá, Eth Avá-Canoeiro. Anambe+ AAN JD. R →Guajajara GUB Carl Masthay (missing #2 and others). R, L d. Tenetehara. . Tembe TEM Max H. Boudin, <i>Dic de Tupi Moderno </i>1978 =Tembé-Ténêtéhar. 10 = `my hands'. R, L d. Tenetehara. *3Wayampí »Amanaye AMA R, L Amanayé Urubu URB (Kapoor) JD; also #1-2 from James Kakumasu 1986. R, L d. Amanayé, Eth Urubú-Kaapor »Guaja GUJ R, L Guajá d. Amanayé Oyampi OYA Roberta Olson, <i>Dic. Por Tópicoa na lgs Oiampí (Wajapi)-Português</i>. R, L Oyampí d. Wayampí, Eth Oiapoque Wayampi. →Emerillon EME Lucien Adam 1896. R, L Emérillon d. Wayampí Karipuna+ J. Barbosa 1927, in Cândido M.S. Rondon and João Barbosa de Faria, <i>Glossário Geral dos tribos silvícolas de Mato Grosso e Outras de Amazónica e do Norte do Brasil </i>1948. The Karipuna now speak a French creole, which I also have. R, L d. Wayampí. Eth poss. d. Tenharim below. »Takunyapé+ R Takunape, L, not in Eth. *3Kayabí →Kayabi KYZ JD (1-2 only). R, L, Eth Kayabí. →Asurini ASN JD (missing #6-9). R, L *3Kawahib Parintintin PAH LaVera Betts, <i>Dic Parintintín-Pt Pt-~ </i>1981 (SIL). Not in R; V d. Kawaib, L d. Parintintín. Eth d. Tenharim. »Tenharim PAH R, not in V, L d. Parintintín (= previous?). Paranawat+ PAF J. Barbosa 1926 =Pauatê, cf. Karipuna. R, V Pawaté d. Kawaib, L d. Parantintín. →Wirafed WIR JD (1-3 only). R, V d. Kawaib, L d. Parantintín (= previous?). »Tukumanfed TKF R, not in V, L d. Parintintín »Uruewauwau URZ L, not in R, Eth Uru-eu-uau-uau. →Apiaca API #2-3 Lucien Adam 1896; others: JD. R, L Apiaká, Eth Apiacá. →Makiri Lk (1963). L, Eth d. Kayabi. *3Mundurukú →Munduruku MY JD (old; #9 = #6!). R, L Mundurukú →Kuruaya+ KYR JD (1-6 only). R, L *3Juruna →Yuruna+ JUR Carl Masthay (1-5 only). R, L Juruna, Eth Jurúna. →Shipaya+ Carl Masthay. R, L Xipaya »Manitsawa+ MSP R, L, Eth Maritsauá. *3Arikem Arikem+ JD (missing #8-9, but these are predictable). R, L, Eth fa name only. Karitiana KTN David Landin, <i>Dic e Léxico ~/Pt </i>1983. R, L »Kabishiana+ R, L Kabixiana, not in Eth. *3Tuparí →Tupari TUP JD (1-3 only). R, L Tuparí →Mekens KXO Lk (1955). L, not in R, Eth alt. Kanoé. →Wayoro WYR JD (1-3 only). R, L Ayurú →Guarategaja KXO JD (1-3 only). R, not in L, Eth alt. Kanoé. →Makurapi MAG JD (1-5 only). Also a variant 1946 Brazilian source. R, L Makurap. →Kepkiriwat JD (1-5 only). R, L, not in Eth. *3Ramarama »Ramarama+ R, L (with next) Urumi+ ITG Rondon 1913, cf. Karipuna. R, L Urumí d. previous, Eth d. ITG Itogapuk. →Arara ARR JD (1-3 only). R, L →Uruku+ JD (1-5, 10 only). R, L d. previous →Itogapuk ITG Lk (1925). L, not in R *3Mondé →Monde MND JD (1-3 only). R, L Mondé-Sanamai Surui SRU Willem Bontkes, <i>Dic Preliminar ~-Pt </i>1978. #3 is “3 and up”. R, L Suruí →Arua ARX JD (1-3 only). R, L Aruá »Gavião GVO R, L d. Aruá »Digüt+ R, not in L, Eth alt. prev. **Cariban - K 110 »Kumayena+ AKO R, L, Eth d. Akuriyo below. »Arinagoto+ R, L, not in Eth. *3Cariña Carib CRB B.J. Hoff, <i>The ~ Lg</i> 1968. R, L Cariña *3Opon-Carare →Opone+ Lk (1878). R, L Opón. Fa not in Eth. »Carare+ R, L *3Yukpa →Yukpa YUP JD (#1-5, 10 only). R, L d. Yucpa-Yaprería »Japreria JRU R, L d. previous. »Coyaima+ COY L, not in R *3Tiriyó »Salumá SLJ R Saluma, L. *4Tiriyó →Tirió TRI Lk (1924). R Trio, L, Eth TRI Trió. . Hianakoto Not sure of source. R, L = Tirió, Eth d. prev. →Akuriyo AKO Lk (1946). R Triometesen, L, Eth Akurio. »Wama R, L = Akuriyo, Et. alt. prev. *4Karihona Hianacoto+ JD. R, L Jianácoto, Eth alt. next or perhaps sep. lg. →Carijona CBD JD (#1-5, 10 only). R, L. »Guaque+ R, V d. Carijona, not in L, Eth mentioned, no code. *3Kashuyana »Kashuyana R, L (also calls it Pauxi, which is a separate lg Paushi in R), Eth Kaxuiâna. →Shikuyana KBB Lk (1924) = Chiquena. L, V Shikiana, R Chikena, Eth SIK Sikiana. *3Waiwai →Waiwai WAW JD (1-3 only). R, L →Parukoto Lk (1924). R, L d. previous, Eth alt. prev. or next. Hixkaryana HIX Desmond C. Derbyshire 1979. V Hishkaryana, L. *3N Amazonian *4Yawaperí →Boanarí+ Lk (1874). R Bonari, L, not in Eth. →Yauapery JD (1-5 only). R, L Yawaperí, Eth d. Waimiri. . Waimiri ATR JD (missing #10). R, L d. previous. *4Paravilyana →Sapara JD (1-3 only). R, L Sapará, Eth this and next d. Atruahi. →Paushiana Carl Masthay (1-4 only). R, L Pawixiana →Paravilhana+ JD (1-7 only; old). R, L, not in Eth. *4Pemón Makushi MBC James Williams 1932 =Makuchi. R, V/Eth Macushi, L Makuxí Pemon AOC Barbosa 1927 =Taurepã, cf. Karipuna. R Pemon, V d. Arecuna, L/Eth Pemón Akawaio ARB JD. R. L d. Kapong »Patamona PBC R, L d. Kapong →Purukotó Lk (1924). L, not in R, Eth d. Pemon. *3Central →Cumanagoto+ JD (1-6, 10 only). R, L Cumaná. Eth if Camaracoto, d. Peman. →Chayma+ JD (1-4, 6, 10 only), Carl Masthay (#5). R, L Chaima = previous. Eth d. Carib. →Apalai APA JD (1-9 only). R, L/Eth Apalaí *4Yao →Tivericoto+ Lk (1867). L. Fa not in Eth. Yao+ Jan De Laet 1640. R, L *4Wayana Wayana WAY C.H. de Goeje, “Gram et vocab de la lg Oayana,” in <i>Études linguistiques caribes t. II </i>1946. R, L Wayana. →Roucouyene+ JD (1-3 only). R, V Rucuyen d. Oyana. Eth d. prev. Aracaju+ Carl Friedr. Phil. von Martius, <i>Glossaria Linguarum Brasiliensum </i>1863. R, L Arakajú, not in Eth. *4Mapoyo-Yavarana →Mapoyo MCG JD (1-5, 10 only). R, L d. Mapoyo-Yavarana Tamanaco+ (missing 7-9, but these are predictable). R, L = previous, not in Eth. →Yabarana TAR JD (missing 6-9; two sources). R (in index, not on page!), V in Northern, L d. previous. *4Makiritare »Makiritare MCH L, V Maquiritare, not in R, Eth Maquiritari. →Ye'cuana MCH JD (1-3 only). R, V Mayongong d. Maquiritare, Eth d. prev. →Wayumara JD (1-3 only). R, V, L Wajumará. *3S Amazonian Panare PBH Jana Price, <i>Estudios del Sistema de Sonidos del Idioma ~ </i>1984. R, L. →Palmela+ Lk (1955). R Palmella, L, Eth this and rest of subfa. missing. »Pimenteira+ R, L »Pareca+, Quaca+ R sis. Panare, not in V or L *4Bakairí Bakairi BKQ Michael Closs 1986. R, V Bacaïri, L Bakairí →Nahukwa Lk (1894). R, L d. Amonap, not in Eth. *4Arara Arara+ AAP JD (missing #9). R, L Arara-Parirí, Eth Pará Arára or alt. Júma. →Pariri+ JD (1-3 only). R, L see previous. →Apiaka+ API Lk (1936). R, L Apiaká-Apingi, Eth Apiaká. »Yuma+ JUA R, L Juma, Eth Júma. »Yaruma+ YRM R, L Yarum. »Txikão TXI R Chicão, L *Macro-Otomákoan *4Harákmbut - K 18 Amarakaeri AMR Robert Tripp, <i>Dicc ~-Castellano </i>1995. R, L Amaracaeri, Eth AMR. →Huachipaeri JD (1-2 only). R, L *4Otomacoan - K 12 Otamaco+ JD. R, L. Fa not in Eth. →Taparita+ Lk (1936). L. *4Trumai - K 106 Trumai Aurore Monod-Becquelin 1975. R in Equatorial, L iso. Not in Eth. *SAME Guamo-Chapacuran *4Guamo - K 13 →Guamo+ Lk (1928, 2 dd.). R, L iso, not in Eth. *5Chapacuran - K 14 →Tora TRZ JD (1-4 only). R, V, L Torá. »Cujuna R, V, not in L. Eth mentioned no code. »Mataua R, V, not in L. Eth mentioned no code. »Urunamacan R, V, not in L. Eth mentioned no code. »Herisobocono+ R, V, not in L nor Eth. »Ocorono+ R, V, not in L nor Eth. »San Ignacio+ R, V, not in L nor Eth. *6Itene →Wanyam JD (1-3 only). R, V Uanham, L Wanham. Eth mentioned no code. →Cumana JD (1-2 only). R, V. Eth mentioned no code. »Cabishi KBD R, V Cabichi. Eth Kabixí. →Itene ITE JD (old). R, V More. *6Wari →Quitemoca+ JD (1-5 only). R, V. Eth mentioned no code. →Chapacura JD (missing #4 or #5). R, V. Eth mentioned no code. →Urupa JD (1-3 only). R, V, not in Eth. Jaru+ PAV Barbosa 1927, cf. Karipuna. Not in R; V lists with next three; Eth d. next. »Pakaasnovos R, V Pacas Novas, L d. Orowari. »Oro Win ORW. *3Tiniguan - K 11 Tinigua+ JD. R. Fa not in Eth. Pamigua+ JD. R. *Macro-Arawakan »Shebayo+ R, L Shebaya. Not in Eth. **Guajiboan - K 15 Churuya+ JD (1-6 only). R, L. Not in Eth. . Guahibo GUH JD (#1-5, 10 only); Francisco Queixalós, <i>Dic Sikuani-Esp </i>1978. R, L Guajibo. →Cuiba CUI Huber and Reed 1992 (JD) (#1-4 only). R, L Cuiva. →Guayabero GUO Huber and Reed 1992 (JD) (#1-5 only). R, L. →Macaguan MBN Huber and Reed 1992 (JD) (#1-5, 10 only). R, maybe L and V's Macaguaje?. →Playero GOB Huber and Reed 1992 (JD) (#1-5, 10 only). R, not in L or V. **Arauan - K 17 →Arawa+ ARA Lk (1869). R, L Arauan, Eth Arua. →Culina CUL JD (old, incomplete-- also has another set, completely diff.!). And I have just 2 #'s (ojari, pama) from Kanaú and Ruth M.F. Monserrat, <i>Dic ~-Pt </i>1984.<i> </i>R, L »Dení →Yamamadi JAA JD (1-5, 10 only). R, L/Eth Jamamadí, »Banawa BNH R, L/Eth Banawá. »Kanamantí L, not in R. Eth alt. Janamadí. »Jarawara JAP L, not in R, Eth Jaruára. →Paumari PAD JD (1-5, 10 only). R, L »Yuberi, Pama+, Sewacu, Sipo+ R, not in L. Eth alt. or dd. Janamadí. »Suruahá SWX. **Maipurean - K 16 *3Northern »Sae+ R/V somewhere in N Maipuran, not in L nor Eth. *4Upper Amazon →Anauyá Lk (1928). L, not in Eth. »Cabiyari CBB R, L Caviyari, Eth. Resigaro RGR From a SIL gram. R, L Resígaro →Waraicu+ JD (old, incomplete). R, L Waraikú, not in Eth »Wirina+ R, L Wiriná, not in Eth. »Yabaana YBN R, L Yabaána, Eth Yabaâna. *5Wainumá →Wainuma+ JD (old). R, L Wainumá. Fa not in Eth. →Mariate+ JD (old, incomplete). R *5Piapoko →Piapoco PIO JD (2 sources, one old). R, L. →Achagua ACA JD (from 2 of 3 sets he's sent!). R, L »Amarizana+ L, V d. Achagua, not in Eth. »Caquetio+ R and V sis. Achagua, not in V nor Eth. *5Warekena →Guarequena GAE Probably JD (1-3 only). R, L. »Mandahuaca MHT L *5Río Negro →Cawishana+ JD (old). R, L. Fa not in Eth. →Yumana+ Carl Friedr. Phil. von Martius, <i>Glossaria Linguarum Brasiliensum </i>1863. R, L Jumana →Passe+ JD (old, incomplete). R, L Pasé. *5Yucuna →Yucuna YCN JD (1-5, 10 only). R, L »Matapi+ R, L Matapí d. Yucuna, Eth alt. prev. →Garú+ Lk (1947). L, not in Eth. *5E Nawiki →Tariana+ TAE Patience Epps, Diachronica 2006. R, L. →Curripaco KPC JD (1-5, 10 only). R, L Ipeka-Kurripako →Izaneni JD (1-3 only). R sis. previous, not in L, V fa, not in Eth. →Baniwa BAI JD (1-4 only). R, L Karútiana-Baniwa. →Mapanai Lk (1932). R, L Katapolítani-Moriwene-Mapanai, not in Eth. →Moriwene Lk (1932). R, L d. prev.; not in Eth. »Itayaine+ R sis. Tariano, not in L, V N. Maipuran, not in Eth. »Cuati, Pacu (V Paioariene) R sis. Curripaco, not in L, V N Maipuran. Eth Pacu is PAJ Ipeka-Tapuia. *5C Upper Amazon »Maipure+ R, L, not in Eth. *6Baré →Marawa+ JD (old, incomplete). R, L Marawá →Bare BAE JD (he has 2 v. diff. langs. called Bare!). R, L Baré. →Guinao+ JD (1-3 only). R, L, not in Eth. →Mawacua+ JD (1-3 only). R, L ?=<b> </b>Marawá, not in Eth.. *6Yavitero Baniva+ BVV JD. R. →Yavitero YVT JD (1-3 only). R. *5Manao →Manao+ JD (old, incomplete). R, L, fa not in Eth. →Kariaí+ Lk (1911). L *4Maritime →Aruán+ Lk (1935). L, V Araua, R Arua, not in Eth. Wapishana JD (1-7, 10 only (8,9 predictable)). R, L Wapixana, Eth Aruma. *5Ta-Maipurean Proto-Arawakan+ Jennifer Runner. What level is this...? →Taino+ TNQ JD (#1-4 only). R, L. Goajiro (Guajiro) GQQ Willem F.H. Adelaar, <i>The Lgs of the Andes</i> 2004. R, L Guajiro, V, Eth Wayuu. →Paraujano PBG JD (1-9 only). R, L, V. →Arawak ARW Willem Jan Agricola Pet, <i>Lokono Dian: The ~ Lg of Suriname </i>1987. R, L, V Lokono. →Island Carib+ CAI Douglas Taylor, <i>Lgs of the West Indies </i>1977 (1-5 only). R, L Black Carib CAB Ilah Fleming in Marvin K. Mayers, <i>Lgs of Guatemala </i>1966, L/Eth Garífuna. »Guanebucan+ R, not in L, V sis. Goajiro, not in Eth. »Jaoi+ R and V sis. Island Carib, not in , not in Eth. *4Eastern Palicur PAL Jennifer Runner (5 = `one hand'; 10 = `end of hands'), from SIL. R, L Palikur, Eth Palikúr. →Marawán Lk (1921). L, not in Eth. →Karipurá+ Lk (1963). L, not in Eth. *3Southern *4Weatern →Amuesha AME JD (old). R, L, Eth Yanesha'. Chamicuro WCC Stephen Parker, <i>Vocabulario y Textos ~ </i>1987. R, L *4Central *5Paresí Paressi PAB 2-5: Orlando and Phyllis Rowan, <i>Dic Parecis-Pt</i>, SIL<i> </i>1978; others: Cândido M.S. Rondon and João Barbosa de Feria, <i>Esboço Gram, </i>1948 =Airit (Parici). R, L Paresí, Eth Parecís. →Saraveca+ SAR JD (missing #6-9). R, L *5Waurá →Waura WAU Lk (1951). R, L Waurá-Meinaku →Mehinaku MMH Lk (1951). R, L Waurá-Meinaku →Yawalpití YAW Lk (1951). R Yawalapiti, L →Custenau JD (#1-3 only). R, L *4Southern →Terena TEA JD (#1-3 only). R, L, Eth Terêna. →Guana QKS JD (old, #1-5 only). R, L d. Terena →Chane CAJ Lk (1938). R, L d. Terena, Eth CAJ. *5Mojo Ignaciano IGN Willis Ott and Rebecca Burke de Ott, <i>Dicc ~ y Castellano </i>1983. R, L »Trinitario R, L Baure BRG JD. R »Paunaca+ L, not in R »Cashiniti, Chiquito, Cozarini R sis. above; V S. Maipuran, not in L nor Eth. *5Piro Piro PIB Licenia Flew (a Piro native speaker); this is said to be the textbook spelling. I also have a phonetic transcription. R, L, Eth Yine. »Maniteneri MPD R, V, L d. Piro, Eth Machinere. Inapari+ INA Stephen G. Parker, <i>Datos de la lg Iñapari </i>1995. L, R, V, Eth INA Iñapari. →Kanamaré+ KNM Lk (1955). L, not in R, V Canamari, Eth KNM Kanamarí in Katukinan. →Apurina APU JD (1-5, 10 only). #5 has an over-ring, but u is close enough. R, L Apuriná, V Ipurina, Eth Apurinã. →Cushichineri JD (1-2 only). R, V Cujisenajeri, not in L but obviously related to Piro, not in Eth (nor are dd. below) Purus Catiana+, Wainamari+, Cuti Cutinana+, Cuniba+, *4Campa →Asheninca CPU JD (1-3 only). R, Eth Ashéninca Pichis. →Ashaninca CNI David L. Payne, <i>The Phonology and Morphology of Axininca Campa</i> 1981 (1-2 only); #3 from Judith Payne, <i>Lecciones para el Apprendizaje del Idioma Asheninca </i>1989. R. →Machiguenga MCB JD (1-5 only). R, L Nomatsiguenga NOT Harold Shaver, <i>Dicc ~-Castellano Castellano-~ </i>1996. R, not in L. →Caquinte COT Kenneth E. Swift, <i>Morfología del ~ </i>1988 (#1 only). R, L d. previous »Pucapacuri+, Puncuri, Sirimeri R/V Pre-Andine close to these (but also to Piro), not in L. *SAME Chipayan - K 49 →Chipaya CAP JD (1-4 only). R, L. Possible connection to Macro-Arawakan. →Uru URU JD (old). R, L *SAME Bora-Witotoan **Bora-Muinane - K 38 Bora BOA Richard P. Aschmann 1993. R, V, L . Miranya Huber and Reed 1992; 6-9 from Karl Friedrich von Martius, <i>Beiträge zur Ethnographie und Sprachenkunde Amerikas, zumal Brasiliens</i> 1867 (JD). R, V, L d. Bora, Eth d. Bora. Faai JD. R, not in L nor Eth. Muinane BMR Richard P. Aschmann 1993. R, V Muenane, L. →Imihita Lk (1906). R, not in L nor Eth. »Fitita R, not in L nor Eth. **Witoto-Ocaina - K 39 Ocaina OCA Richard P. Aschmann 1993. R, V, L Nipode HUX Richard P. Aschmann 1993 =N<strike>i</strike>pode Huitoto. Not in R or V, L. Meneca HTO Richard P. Aschmann 1993 =M<strike>i</strike>n<strike>i</strike>ca Huitoto. R, V Minica d. Witoto, L Minica. Murui HUU Shirley Burtch 1983 =Huitoto Murui. Also in Aschmann, v. sim. R, V d. Witoto, L. →Nonuya JD (1-6, 10 only; the -üy forms should be u as well!). R, L. »Coeruna+ R, L, not in Eth. »Orejone+ R, L Koihoma, not in Eth. **Andoque - K 40 Andoke ANO JD. R, L possibly in Bora-Witotoan, Eth Andoque. *Macro-Waikurúan **Matacoan - K 62 →Chulupi CAQ JD (1-5 only). R, V =Ashushlay, L/Eth Chulupí. →Chorote CRT JD (#5-10 are from an old source). R, V Choroti. Eth Iyo'wujwa ~ CRQ or Iuojwa'ja ~ CRT. »Ajlujlay (Nivaclé) L, not in R. V presumably = Ashushlay, Eth alt. Chulupi. →Maca MCA Carl Masthay (1-5, 10 only). R, V, L Macá. »Mataco (Huiche, Matahuayo) L, V lists ~ but also Mataguayo; fa in R including some of above but also the two below. Eth fa name only. »Nocten R, V d. Mataco, not in L, Eth MTP Wichí Lhamtés ~. . Vejoz MAD JD. R, V d. Mataguayo, not in L, Eth Wichí Lhamtés ~.. **Guaikuruan - K 63. Kadiweu KBC Glyn and Cynthia Griffiths, <i>Aspectos da Língua Kadiwéu</i> (#1-6 only). R, L Caduveo. →Guaicuru+ JD (#1-2 only). R, L Guaicurú d. or alternate name for previous, Eth alt. prev. *3Southern →Pilaga PLG JD (#1 only!). R, L. Toba TOB Michael Closs 1986. R, V, L. →Mocovi MOC JD (#1-2 only). R, L/Eth Mocoví. Abipon+ JD. R, L Abipón, not in Eth. *3Eastern →Guachi+ JD (old, #1-5 only). R, L Guachí, not in Eth. »Payaguá L, not in Eth. **Charrúan - K 64 Charrua+ JD. R, L Charrúa. Fa not in Eth. →Chana+ JD (1-2 and 10 only; old). R, L Chaná. →Güenoa+ JD (1, 3 only; old). R, V, L =Charrúa. **Mascoyan - K 67 Guana GVA JD. R, L Guaná. →N Lengua LEG JD (thinks or just hopes this is N!!; 1-5 only). R, L/Eth Lengua. →S Lengua JD (#1-5 only). R, Eth d. prev. →Emok EMO Lk (1962). R, L Mascoy →Sanapana SAP JD (#1-5 only). R, L Sanapaná. »Toba-Maskoy TMF Not in R *SAME Lule-Vilelan **Lule - K 65 →Lule+ JD (old). R, L. Eth fa mentioned but no code. **Vilela - K 66 →Vilela JD (old). R, L. *Macro-Panoan **Pano-Tacanan *3Panoan - K 53 »Kasharari KTX R, L Kaxararí →Kulino+ Lk (1867). L, not in Eth. →Sensi+ SNI JD (1-3 only). R, L →Matses MCF JD (1-4 only). R, L Mayoruna-Matsés, Eth Matsés. »Shaninawa L, not in R nor Eth. . Araua+ JD (1-3 only). Not in L nor Eth; R (he also has an Arawa). »Morunahua, Pisabo+ R, L relationship obscure. Eth 2nd is PIG alt. Yaminahua. »Shahuanahua, Camanahua, Capuibo+, Niarawa, Pichobo+, Mayubo, Rëmoxbo, R, not in L. Eth first two dd. KNT, others missing. *4Mainline »Tushinawa+ TUX R, L, Eth Tuxináwa. →Atsahuaca+ ATC JD (1-5 only). R, L. →Parannawa Lk (1963). L, not in Eth. →Puinaua PYN Lk (1948). R Poyanawa, L, Eth Poyanáwa. »Shipinawa+ XIP R, L, Eth Xipináwa. *5Cashibo →Cashibo CBR JD (1-3 only). R, L, Eth ~-Cacataibo. →Nocamán+ NOM Lk (1930). L, Eth *5Pano →Pánobo PNO Lk (1930). L, not in R »Huariapano L, not in R, Eth PNO. *5Shipibo →Shipibo SHP JD (old). R, L. →Capanahua KAQ Eugene Emil Loos 1969 [1-4 only; rest prob. Quechua]. R, L. →Marubo MZR Lk (1957). R, L →Remo+ REM Lk (1931). R, L »Waninnawa KNT L, Eth alt. Panoan Katukína. *5Tri-State →Amahuaca AMC JD (1-2 only). R, L Amawaka →Isconahua ISC JD (1-3 only). R, L Cashinahua CBS Susan Montag 1981. R, L →Sharanahua MCD Olive A. Shell, <i>Estudios Pano III </i>1975 (JD; 1-2 only). R, L Sharanawa »Parquenahua MTS R, L =Sharanawa, Eth Yora. →Yaminawa YAA Lk (1903). R Yaminahua, L, Eth YAA Yaminahua. *4Bolivian →Karipuna KUR Lk (1949). R Caripuna, L Pacahuara PCP JD. R, L. →Chacobo CAO JD (1-3 only). R, L/Eth Chácobo. »Sinabo+ SHN R, L Shinabo d. Chákobo, Eth Shinabo. »Zurina+ R, not in L, not in Eth. *3Tacanan - K 54 →Sapiboca+ JD (old). R has in Chirigua, which L says may be in this fa. R also lists a sis. Chumana+. Eth fa missing. →Arasa+ Victor Girard, <i>Proto-Takanan Phonology</i> 1970 (1-2 only). R, not in L. →Guariza+ JD (#1, 3 only). R, not in L. »Yamaluba R sis. previous, V possibly Tacanan, not in L. *4Tacana Tacana TNA JD. Also in Brinton 1892. #7-8 from Victor Girard 1970. R, L. →Reyesano REY Donald Van Wynen in Mary Ritchie Key <i>Compar Tacanan Phonology </i>1968 (2-6 only). R, L, Eth REY. . Maropa+ JD (1-5 only). R, L d. Reyesano, not in Eth. →Araona ARO JD (old; missing #6-9). R, L. »Capachene, Mabenaro R sis. Araona, not in , not in Eth.. *4Cavineña Cavineña CAV Antoine Guillaume, <i>A Gram of ~</i> 2008. R, L. *4Chama Ese'ejja ESE Jack and Nola Shoemaker in Esther Matteson, <i>Bolivian Indian Grams, </i>SIL 1967 =Eseejja. R. Huarayo ??. R, L d. prev, Eth d. prev. →Toromono+ TNO JD (#2 only). R, L Toromona. **Chon-Mosetén *3Mosetén - K 55 →Chimane CAS JD (old). R, L. →Mosetén Lk (1928). L *3Chon - K 56 Tehuelche TEH JD. Also Brinton 1892 (old, incomplete). R, L. Selknam+ ONA JD. R, L. →Haush+ JD (1-3 only). R, L. Teushen+ JD. R, L possible relationship. *Jabutian - K 101 →Yabuti JVT JD (1,2,4 only). R, L Jabuti →Aricapu ARK JD (1-4 only). R, L Arikapú »Mashubí+ L, not in R, Eth alt. prev. *Macro-Ge **Chiquitano-Bororoan *3Chiquitano - K 70 →Chiquito+ CAX JD (Confirm there's just 1 #! and that this is right Chiquito). R has two, one Macro-Ge, one Maipuran. L equates with Chiquitano-- Eth too. *3Bororoan - K 71 Bororo BOR Michael Closs 1986. R; V fa, L Borôro. →Umotina UMO JD (1-5 only). R, L. »Otuke R, L Otuké. »Aravira+, Covare+, Coraveca+, Curucane+, Tapii+ R sis. Bororo, not in L. Eth mentions all but the first of these as extinct relatives. **Botocudoan - K 72 →Botocudo KQQ C. Monteiro, <i>Voc Pt-~ </i>1948 (1-3 only). R, L Krenak. »Nakrehé+, Guêren+ L, not in R nor Eth. **Rikbaktsá - K 73 →Rikbaktsa Lk (1963). R, L **Ge - K 74 »Aricobe+, Guegue+ R and V sis. Acroa, not in L. Fa not in Eth. →Amho+ JD (2-4 only). R, V Ivitorocai, not in L. →Ingain+ JD (1-4 only). Not in L; R, V Tain, both as sis. Amho. »Gualachi+ R, V, both as sis. Amho; not in L. »Chiqui+ R sis. Kaingang, V sis. Amho; not in L. *3Northern Canela (Krahô) XRA Jack and Jo Popjes 1986; also have a set from Jarel, from which I get the formation of #4-5. R Canela, V Craho, L d. Timbira, Eth Krahô. Apanhecra RAM JD =Apanyecra (Aponegrican). V, not in R, L d. Timbira, Eth d. Canela. →Ramcocamecra JD =Ramcocamecra (Capiecran). V, not in R, L d. Timbir, Eth d. Canela. Kencateye JD. Not in V or R or Eth. Creye XRE JD. V, not in R, L =? Krenjé d. Timbira, Eth Kreye. →Carahó XRI JD =Caraho. V Carahó, not in R, L Krahó d. Timbira, Eth Krikati-Timbira. »Kreen-Akarore KRE R, L Ipewí Apinaye APN JD =Caraho. V Apinage, R, L/Eth Apinayé. N Cayapo TXU JD =Cayapo del norte (Coroa). V, R Cayapo in NW fa, L/Eth Kayapó. »Suya SUY R, L, Eth Suyá. »Pará Gavião (Parakatêjê) GAY *3Central Xavante XAV George Lachnitt, <i>Dic Pt-~</i> 1989. R Chavante, V Chavante, L. »Acroa+ ACS R, L Akroá, Eth Acroá. Cherente XER JD. R, V, L/Eth Xerente. Chacriaba+ XKR JD =Shacriaba. R, not in V, L/Eth Xakriabá. *3Southern →Kaingang KGP Ursula Wiesemann, <i>Dic ~-Pt </i>1981 (1-4 only; #5 from JD). R, L, Eth Káingang. →Xokleng XOK JD (1-5 only). R, L. »Wayaná+ Not in R, L, V Oyana. »Dorin+ R sis. Kaingang, V unclassified Ge, not in L, not in Eth. **Jeikó - K 75 »Jeikó+ L, not in R nor Eth. **Kamakanan - K 76 →Kamakan+ VKM D (#1-5 only). R, L. →Kutasho+ JD (#1-5 only). R, L Kutaxó. This and rest not in Eth. »Mangaló+ L, R Mongoyo. »Masakará L, R Masacara »Menien+ L, R **Maxakalían - K 77 →Mashakali MBL JD (old; incomplete). R, L/Eth Maxakalí »Malalí+ L, not in R nor Eth. »Pataxó+ PTH L, not in R, Eth ~-Hãhaãi **Purian - K 78 →Coropo+ PRR JD (old; incomplete). R, L, not in Eth. →Puri+ JD (old; 1-3 only). R, L. →Coroado+ JD (old; incomplete). R, L possibly here, Eth alt. Kaingang. **Fulnió - K 79 Fulnio FUN Geraldo Lapenda, <i>Estrutura da Lg Iatê </i>1968. (#9 formed by analogy; not sure of accent.) R, L, Eth Fulniô. **Karajá - K 80. Caraja KPJ Frei Luiz Palho, <i>Ensaio de Gram e Voc da Lg Karajá </i>1942. JD (old). I have both in the list as they are so different. V lists Caraja as an alternative for N Cayapo too, but JD has that too and it's diff from both of these! R, V Carajá, L Karajá-Xambioá, Eth Karajá. →Javaé Lk (1921) = Javajé. L, not in R, Eth d. prev. **Ofaye - K 81 →Opaye OPY JD (#1-2), Carl Masthay (#3). R, L Ofayé. **Guato - K 82 →Guato GTA JD (old). R, L Guató. *S. American isolates **Yurumanguí - K 1 »Yurumanguí+ L; known only from a 1768 wordlist; not in Eth. **Camsá - K 10 →Camsá KBH Huber and Reed 1992 (1-5, 10 only). R, L, Eth KBH. **Timucua - L 54 Timucua+ TJM R, L iso. **Munichi - K 26 →Muniche MYR JD (1-7 only). R, L/Eth iso Munichi. **Cofán - K 29 Cofan CON M.B. Borman 1976. I've respelled it a bit. R, L Cofán, Eth in Chibchan. **Puquina - K 50 →Puquina+ PUQ Lk (1890). L, Eth. **Callahuaya - K 51 →Callahuaya CAW JD (old). R, L. **Yuracare - K 52 →Yuracare YUE JD (old). R, L. **Gorgotoqui - K 69 »Gorgotoqui+ L iso, very little evidence, not in Eth. **Yagan - K 57 Yahgan (Yamana) Jess Tauber, from Thomas Bridges. V, R Yamana, L Yagan, not in Eth. **Kaweskar - K 58 Qawasqar (Alacaluf) ALC JD. Also Brinton 1892 (no better). R, L Kaweskar, Eth ALC. »Kakauhua Not in R or L; Eth lists as sis. prev. **Mapudungu - K 59 Mapudungu (Mapuche) ARU Fray Félix José de Augusta 1990. Also Federico Barbará 1879 =Pampa!. R, Eth Mapudungun. →Huilliche HUH JD (old). R, L d previous. **Otí - K 83 »Oti+ OTI R, L, Eth in Macro-Gê. **Baenan - K 84 »Baenan+ L, not in R nor Eth. **Kukurá - K 85 »Kukurá+ R Cucura, L, not in Eth. **Karirí - K 87 →Kiriri+ KZW JD (1-3 only). R, L Karirí, Eth Kariri-Xocó. **Tuxá - K 88 »Tuxá+ TUD R Tusha, L, Eth. **Pankararú - K 89 »Pankararú+ PAZ R Pankararu, L, Eth. **Natú - K 90 »Natú+ R Natu, L, not in Eth. **Xukurú - K 91 »Xukurú+ KZW R Shukuru, L, Eth alt. Kiriri. **Gamela - K 92 »Gamela+ L, R Gamella, not in Eth. **Huamoé - K 93 »Huamoé+ L, R Uman, not in Eth. **Tarairiú - K 94 »Tarairiú+ L, not in R, not in Eth. **Xokó - K 95 »Xokó+ KZW L, not in R, Et alt. Kiriri. **Koayá - K 102 »Koayá+ L, R Koaia, not in Eth. **Aikaná - K 103 →Huari TBA JD (1-2 only). R, L Aikaná, Eth alt. Tubarão in N. Maipuran. →Masaca JD (1-3 only). R, L = Aikaná, Eth d. prev. **Irantxe - K 105 →Iranshe IRA JD (1-3 only). R, L Irantxe, Eth Irántxe. **Movima - K 107 Movima MP Robert and Judith Judy SIL 1967. R. **Cayuvava - K 108 Cayuvava CAT JD =Cayuvada. V, R, L, Eth Cayubaba. **Jotí - K 118 »Jotí+ L, not in R; Eth alt. Yuwana below. Unclassified **New Guinea »Warenbori WSA Eth Warembori in Lower Mamberano. →Yuri YUJ Dorothy Price in John M. Clifton, ed., <i>Studies in Melanesian Orthographies </i>1987 (#10 only). Eth Karkar-Yuri. »Porome Eth alt. PRM Kibiri. »Massep Eth MVS in Dani-Kwerba. Tambora Mark Donohue, <i>The Papuan Lg of ~</i> 2007. Not in Eth. **South America *3Unclassified by Ruhlen »Carabayo CBY. »Guaviare MBR Eth Nukak Makú. »Yari YRI Eth Yarí. »Mutus MUF Eth Mutús. →Yuwana YAU JD (1-4 only). R, not in L. »Kohoroxitari KOB. »Arara AXG Eth Mato Grosso Arára. *3Classified by Ruhlen, not in L or V »Caranga+ (in Chipayan; not in Eth) »Cashuena (in Carib; not in Eth) »Pajonal (in Pre-Andine; Eth Ashénina Pajonal CJO in Arawakan) »Wabui (in Carib; Eth alt. Hixkaryana!) #pidgin * Pidgins and creoles **Arabic-based Turku JD (Arabic creole in Chad). Not in R or V. Nubi KCN Not sure of location. Dalby. R. **Motu-based →Hiri Motu POM JD (1-3, 6, 8 only; others said to be from English. I've supplied them from Police Motu, the earlier form of the pidgin, also from Jarel.). R. **Swahili-based »Asian Swahili CCL Eth Cutchi-Swahili. **Zulu-based Fanagalo CAO J.D. Bold 1990. R. **Malay-based> Bazaar Malay MSI Eth Sabah Malay. **Naga-based Naga Pidgin NAG JD. R. **English-based *3Atlantic Gullah GUL Rick Schellen (6 is from another book). R; Eth Sea Island. Jamaican JAM Rick Schellen. R W Caribbean Creole. Virgin Islands VIB Rick Schellen. R Lesser Antillean Creole. Guyanese GYN JD. R. Sranantongo (Surinam) SRN Erik Kim Tjong Sam. R; Eth Sranan. Saramaccan SRM JD. R. Krio KRI Rick Schellen. R. West African WES Schneider 1965. (= R. Wescos?) Djuka DJK JD. R; Eth Aukan. Nigerian PCM Nicholas G. Faraclas 1989. *3Pacific Tok Pisin PDG John W.M.Verhaar 1995. NB: I also have “Port Moresby Pidgin” from Terry D. and Sylvia O'Dell- Barhorst, on the web; it's the same but 4 = fo (foa is an lternative). →Roper River Creole ROP RS (5 #'s); #3,9 from Sharpe, <i>Pacific Lgs Series A-39</i> 1975, via JD). R; Eth Kriol. Torres Strait Pidgin TCS JD. R. Pitcairn PIH Rick Schellen. R. Bislama BCY JD. R. Solomon Pijin PIS JD. R. »Micronesian Pidgin NGM R; Eth Ngatik. Hawaiian Creole HAW Rick Schellen. R. **Dutch-based Negerhollands (Virgin Is.) DCR Robin Sabino (Assc. Prof. Ling., Auburn U.). R and Eth Dutch Creole. Skepi+ (Guyana) DKW Mikael Parkvall Berbice BRC JD. **German-based Unserdeutsch ULN Craig Alan Volker, <i>An Intr to Rabaul Creole German </i>1982 (JD). R. **Iberian-based Papiamento (Curaçao) PAE Antoine J.Maduro 1980 Berdiánu (Cabo Verde) KEA Nicolas Quint-Abrial 1997. R; Eth Kabuverdianu. Crioulo (Guiné-Bissau) POV W.A.A. Wilson 1962 São Tomé CRI Valkhoff 1966 Príncipe PRE Valkhoff 1966 Annobon FAE Valkhoff 1966. R and Eth Fa d'Ambu. Macau MZS Rick Schellen. R and Eth Macanese. Malacca Creole MCM JD. R. Palenquero. Nina S. De Friedemann and Carlos Patiño Rosselli, <i><sup>Lengua y Sociedad en el ~ de San Basilio </i> 1983 (JD). R. Indo-Portuguese VKP J. Clancy Clements, <i>The Genesis of a Lg: The Formation and Development of Korlai </i>1996 (JD). R; Eth Korlai. Cafundo Creole Timor Pidgin Palenquero PLN **Italian-based Lingua Franca PML Roberto Rossetti. **French-based Seychelles Creole CRS Annegret Bollée 1977. Réunion RCF Daniel Baggioni [nu libes]. Maurice MFE R; Eth Marisyen. Haitian Creole HAT Charmant Theodore, <i>Hippocrene Compact Dict</i> 1995. Martinique DOM Pierre Pinalie and Jean Bernabé, <i>Gram du Créole Martiniquais </i>1999 (JD). R; Eth this and below are Lesser Antillean. Guadeloupe Creole Mikael Parkvall. St. Lucia Kwéyòl http://www.siu.edu/departments/cola/ling/reports/stlucian/stlucian.htm, via Chris Straughn. Louisiana Creole LOU Mikael Parkvall French Guiana Creole FRE Mikael Parkvall Karipúna KMV Alfred W Tobler, <i>Dic Crioulo ~/Pt</i> 1987. Rio Curipi, Amapá, Brazil. R; Eth Amapá. South Vietnam Rick Schellen. New Caledonia CKS JD =St.-Louis (Tayo). R; Eth Tayo. Michif CRG Patline Laverdure and Ida Rose Allard 1983. R; Eth French Cree. **Slavic-based Russenorsk+ Ingvild Broch and Ernst Håkon Jahr 1984. R. #conlang *Constructed languages **A priori G. Dalgarno <i>Ars Signorum</i> 1661. PP Philosophical Language B.J. Wilkins 1668. PP Leibniz 1679. CL Formosan G. Psalmanazar 1705. PP Langue nouvelle M. Faiguet 1765, in the <i>Encyclopédie</i>. CL Langue universelle Delormel 1795. CL Lingua Universalis A. Réthy 1821. PP Langue universelle C.-L.-A. Letellier 1852. CL Langue universelle Bonifacio Sotos Ochando 1852. Solresol J-F.Sudre 1866; source: Paul Lucas Langue Internationale Étymologique Reimann 1877. CL Langue universelle Séb. Verheggen 1886. Langue universelle Charles Menct 1886. CL Spelin Georg Bauer 1886. CL Bopal St. de Max 1887. CL La Langue naturelle Eugène Maldant 1887. CL Weltsprache Eichhorn 1887. (but in general, a posteriori) CL Balta Emile Dormoy 1893. CL Prometej-Prosvetitelj [something-`enlightener'] E. Gurin 1898. PP Spokil Ad. Nicolas 1900. CL Zahlensprache Ferdinand Hilbe 1901. CL Völkerverkehrssprache Carl Dietrich 1902 (“People's Trade Language”). CL Pan-Arisch P. Lundström 1908. PP Ro E.P. Foster 1908. PP *3Modern aUI W.J. Weilgart 1958. PP Babm F. Okamoto 1962. PP suma B. Russell 1966 (but invented 1943). Loglan James Cook Brown; source: Alex Leith Lojban Bob LeChevalier; source: Marnen Laibow-Koser Tanerai J. Biarujia 1968. PP Lusane Luis Saintz Lopez-Negrete 1974. PP Láadan Suzette Haden Elgin 1985. Eaiea Bruce Koestner. Musical lang à la Solresol but w letters = 12 tones. Roctegedda Kim Sandrehav. Liva Claudio Gnoli. Base 16. Ibubo Andrew Nowicki. Emhay ghee chah Elmer Joseph Hankes 1992. **A posteriori *3Romance-based *419th century Lingua Filosofica Universale M. Gigli 1818. PP Bezeichnungskunst F.A. Gerber, <i>The Art of Signs</i> 1832. PP Communicationssprache . Schipfer 1839. CL Pantos-Dimou-Glossa Lucien de Rudelle 1858. CL Universal-Sprache Pirro 1868. CL Volapük Johann Schleyer 1879. <i>Deg</i> is Arie De Jong's 1929 emendation Web. Weltsprache A. Volk and R. Fuchs 1883. CL Langue internationale néo-latine E. Courtonne 1885. CL Pasilingua P. Steiner 1885. CL Esperanto ESP L.L. Zamenhof 1887. R Mundolingue Julius Lott 1888. CL Kosmos Eugen A. Lauda 1888. CL Lingua George J. Henderson 1888. CL Mundolinco J. Braakman 1888. PP Anglo-Franca P. Hoinix 1889. CL Myrana J. Stempfl 1889. CL Langue catholique Alberto Liptay 1892. CL Antivolapük Fred Mill 1893. CL Dil Fieweger 1893. CL Universala Eugen Heintzeler 1893. CL Orba José Guardiola 1893. CL Communia J. Stempfl 1894. CL Novilatiin . Beermann 1895. CL Veltparl Wilhelm von Arnim 1896. CL Nov Latin Daniele Rosa 1890. CL Dilpok L'abbé Marchand 1898. CL Langue bleue Léon Bollack 1899. CL *4Pre-WW2 Idom Neutral W. Bonto van Bijlevelt 1903. Panroman H. Molenaar 1903. PP Mundelingva J. von Hummler 1904. PP Perio M. Talundberg 1904. PP Lingua Internacional A. Zakrzewksi 1905. PP Pan-Kel M. Wald 1906. PP Ulla F. Greenwood 1906. PP Ido L. Couturat 1907 source: Tazio Carlevaro 1976 (relayer: Bertilo Wennergren) Parla C. Spitzer 1907. PP Romanal A. Michaux 1909. PP Mezhdunarodno-Nauchnyj Jazyk A. Kovalev (“Internat'l Science Language”) 1911. PP Uropi W. Donisthorpe 1913. PP Lips-Kith Scarisbrik 1919. via Ivan D. Interlingue E. von de Wahl 1922. PP Hom-Idyomo C. Cárdenas 1923. Lingvo Kommona K.J.L. 1923. PP Omo V.I. Vengerov 1926. PP Una F. Buckel 1926. PP Novial Otto Jesperson 1927. Web. Panedo M.S. Pisarenko 1927. PP Sintesal N. Rubinin 1930. PP Mondyal G. Jurant 1932. PP Interglossa Lancelot Hogben 1943. Olingo R. Stewart Jaque 1944. Via Eric Korn. *4Post-WW2 Auxilia G. Morin 1947. PP Pikto John E. Williams 1950. PP Speedwords Reginald Dutton 1951. (Originally 1936; this is the final revision.) Esperantuisho J. Zhelezny' 1951. PP Mundion H. Weinreich 1951. PP Frater Pham Xuan Thai, 1957, web. Interlingua INR Alexander Gode 1951. R Antro N.D. Andreev 1950. PP Unolok H. Wilshire 1957. PP Axiom-Variant D.G. Baev 1960. via Ivan D. Ande A.W. Anderson 1960. PP Stipfone A. Lallemand 1960. PP Glosa W. Ashby and R. Clark 1981. Web. Unilingua R.Self 1964. PP Liberanto E. Kotar 1965. PP Frendo A. Churruca 1965. PP Zamalo F.A.C. Alting 1966. PP Gloneo R.S. Jaque 1968. PP Eurolengo L. Jones 1972. PP Unitario M. Pleyer 1987. PP Dunia ??. via Jeffrey Henning. Eurolang Phil Hunt 1990s. Sen:espera Jeffrey Henning. Uni E. Wainscott 1974. PP Etwu toyboy, web. Eklektu Herman Miller. Neo-Dalmatian Julius K. Liptak and Laszlo Kovacs. Talossan R. Ben Madison. Tundrian Gabor Sandi. Pacez Yosio Obana 1983. *3Germanic-based Nu Teutonish Elias Molee 1906. Anglic R.E. Zachrisson 1930. PP Euronord A.J. Pilgrim 1965. PP Earth Minimal Ebtx, web. Alannaic Oaritheias, 1990s. Jameld James Campbell. PP Paulic Paul Smith. Breersh And Rosta. PP Ceqli Rex F. May. Adelic S. A. MacLagan. Futurese Justin B. Rye. I've given the more interesting phonetic value rather than the orthography. *3Balto-Slavic-based Uzajemni Slavjanski Jezik M. Majar 1865. PP Novyj Razgovornyj Jazyk [`New Conversational Lg'] 1905. PP Ladef M.N. Mikhajlov 1963. PP New Prussian source: Uldis Balodis Sevorian James Campbell. PP Nashina Jan Havlis. PP Slovio Mark Hucko. *3Celtic-based Brithenig Andrew Smith. Breathanach Geoff Eddy. Wessisc Damon M. Lord. PP Celltiecc Nathaniel Ament-Stone. *3IE-based Degaspregos Tom Wier. *3Non-IE or mixed Palawa kani Theresa Sainty and Jenny Longey (based on the Tasmanian lgs) (PP). Toki Pona Christian Richard **Artlangs *3Media Proto-Eldarin J.R.R.Tolkien (via Ivan Derzhanski) Qenya J.R.R.Tolkien (early form of Quenya) (via Ivan Derzhanski). Quenya J.R.R.Tolkien; source: Marnen Laibow-Koser Noldorin J.R.R.Tolkien (via Ivan) Black Speech J.R.R.Tolkien (via Ivan) Ammar-Iar David E. Bell Klingon Marc Okrand 1985 Atlantean Marc Okrand D'ni Cyan, via Jeremy Newton Tev'Meckian (from Galaxy Quest) Author unknown; via Jeffery Henning. Serpent’s Tongue Mark Rosenfelder Dothraki, High Valyrian David J. Peterson Na’vi Paul Frommer *3Personal Vorlin Rick Harrison. Tepa Dirk Elzinga. Naqu Kevin Albrecht. Elet Anta John Fisher, web. Neelan buckley. DiLingo Sumus Cacoonus, web. Maktalu, Tha-Tizê, Southern, Classic Sital, Watakassí Nik Taylor (last via PP). Arkian, Hibernian, Antapa Jan Havlis (Antapa via PP). üqoi Bruce Bracken. MCL David Mann. Nova Brad Coon. Cispa Herman Miller. Jarrda Herman Miller. Doraya Adam Parrish. Gladilatian Dennis Paul Himes. Draseléq, Curco Pablo Flores. Leturian, Arangothian Patrick Feaster. Sulekhï David Dynes Kankonian James E.F. Landau Danovën Joshua Shinavier, web. (Chile) Minerven James O'Connell. Mango Natalia Gruscha. Otg Galivad Oltz, web. Rokbeigalmki Steg Belsky. PP Ciravesu Pablo Flores. PP Rahha James Campbell (a base-7 lg). PP Teonaht Sally Caves. PP Melanian Thomas Nordengen. Kélen Sylvia Sotomayor. Eleviial Ian McClure. PP Toono Ian McClure. Base 9, with subtractive etymologies for 5-8. PP Xara Jim Taylor. PP Mushroomese, Fu The Jade Emperor (4 more in e-mail). PP Eloshtan, Qested Josh Roth (see e-mail for Swassaggi, similar to Qested). PP Muila Tigger and Aszlan. Ozee Tilp Daniel Foster. Nepturian Gregg Kinkley. Vamela Francisc Czobor. Sile Xavier McShane. Dráeng Pablo BC. Dublex Jeffrey Henning. Idhur Albert Fernández. Hallon Paul Townsend. I:lo:ãrtrascu: (High Elven) Andrew B. Adinjo, Elressie Nathaniel Knight. Jaueqaomys Qrac Ziotaki Amelia Imperatrix Conlang #4892 Justin B. Rye Quebric jonlang Janarisa Tony Harris and Jim Hopkins Eloshtan Josh Roth Liotan lgs Geoff Eddy. (some via PP) East Lemurian lgs Steve Oostrom (this is a selection of over 40 languages). PP All Almean lgs Mark Rosenfelder. %1520 Jarel Deaton (<b>JD</b>) %696 <a href="https://mpi-lingweb.shh.mpg.de/numeral/">Eugene S.L. Chan</a> (<b>Ch</b>) %161 Nicolas Ossart (<b>NO</b>) %152 Pavel Petrov (<b>PP</b>) %127 Xephyr %56 Jess Tauber %49 Carl Masthay (<b>CM</b>) %39 Whimemsz %31 Rick Schellen (<b>RS</b>) %22 Claudio Salvucci (<b>CS</b>) %16 Ivan Derzhanski %15 Reinhard Hahn %15 Jennifer Runner %15 Gábor Sándi %14 Marnen Laibow-Koser %9 waarki %9 opipik %9 gach %8 Miguel Carrasquer Vidal %7 Mikael Parkvall %6 ames Fidelholtz %6 Nortaneous %5 Ralph Sonnenschein %5 B. Pellin %5 Francisc Czobor %4 Knut Felberg %4 Jason Roberts %4 Lameen Souag %3 Esa Anttikoski %3 Mike Wright %3 Uldis Balodis %3 Dirk Elzinga %3 George Weber %3 Maqtewékpaqtism %3 Patrick Chew %3 Vijay %3 Tropylium %2 Abdulrakhim Aitbayev %2 Troy Sagrillo %2 Jorge Díaz Alfonso %2 Daniel von Brighoff %2 Thorgeir Holm %2 Stephen Carlson %2 Bertil Tikkanen %2 Herman Miller %2 Matias van den Bossche %2 Timothy Montler %2 Mikael Thompson %2 Paulo Bairos %2 Oaritheias %2 Eric Korn %2 Corey Reid %2 Johanna Laakso %2 Hank Nater %2 Ben den Butter %2 G. Ambrose %2 Norbert Kamenicky %2 Dennis Adams %2 Hakaku %2 Grzegorz Jagodziński % Andrew Howey % Jacques Guy % John E Koontz % Eamonn McManus % Chris (VikesFan34) % Benjamin Ao % R.H. Mathews % Debbie Young % John Hyaduc, % Erik Kim Tjong Sam % Frank Valoczy % Yann-Ber Messager % Bertilo Wennergren % Steinar Midtskogen % Paul (paulkav) % David E. Bell % Scott DeLancey % Allen Hall % Amos Tallbear % Wayne Lemann % Liland Brajant Ros' % Bruce Nevin % George Aaron Broadwell % Geraint Jennings % Dick Grune % Glen Gordon % Mike Cleven % Martin Kuemmel % Anip Sirait % David Dynes % Johannes Reese % Mark Cogan % Martin Gircys-Shetty % Salik Hard % R. Ben Madison % Alex Leith % Raymond Brown % Jeremy Newton % Boudewijn Rempt % Phyllis Manus % Elizabeth Pyatt % Chris Straughn % Bogdan Banu % Emiliano Venturini % Adolfo Zavaroni % Remo Mangold % Ricardo Distasi % Wanjiku Ng'ang'a % Henry Churchyard % Seleman Sewangi % Morgan Nyman % Iacovos Koumi % Denis Dujardin % Síle Shigley % Mimi % Helmut Satzinger % Joan Pau Merita, % Alan Sachs % Stephen Cohen % Antonio Tolosa % Mike MacDonell % Pablo Saratxaga % Don Osborn % Robert A. Blust % Seán Ó Séaghdha % Alexandre Akopyan % Roby Littlefield % Hendrik Chaltin % Jens Persson % Richard Crane % Mauricio Carvalho % Dorothea Hoffmann % Thabit % Mahni Touri % Kaiden H.