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<h2><br> <a href="kit.html"><img src="kit-gears.gif" border=0 align="absmiddle" height="53" width="60"></a> ggg • French data</h2></td></tr>
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<p>This page contains the data needed to create a mini-French-grammar using <a href="ggg.html"><b>ggg</b></a>. Write your rules and test them out! You can see my version by pressing <b>French verbs</b> (but save your rules first).
<p>1. The subject pronouns are required, and precede the verb:
<blockquote><table>
<tr><td><i>je donne</i> </td><td>I give</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>tu fais</i> </td><td>you make</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>il est</i> </td><td>he is</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>nous avons</i> </td><td>we have</td></tr>
</table></blockquote>
<p>2. Verbs inflect by person (1st/2nd/3rd) and number (s/pl).
<p>3. Subject pronouns must agree with the verb in person and number: <i>je donne, tu donnes, nous donnons. </i>
<p>4. Accusative pronouns, if any, are placed before the verb:
<blockquote><table>
<tr><td><i>je le donne</i> </td><td>I give it</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>tu me vois</i> </td><td>you see me</td></tr>
<tr><td><tr><td><i>tu te vois</i> </td><td>you see yourself</td></tr>
<tr><td><tr><td><i>nous l’avons</i> </td><td>we have it</td></tr>
</table></blockquote>
<p>5. Dative pronouns, if any, also go before the verb. 1s/2s datives go before a 3s accusative, but 3s datives go after one.
<blockquote><table>
<tr><td><i>je le lui donne</i> </td><td>I give it to him</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>tu me le dis</i> </td><td>you tell it to me</td></tr>
</table></blockquote>
<p>6. Optionally you can use the auxiliary <i>avoir</i> to form the past tense. The main verb is demoted to a participle (<i>donné, dit</i>) and placed at the end:
<blockquote><table>
<tr><td><i>j’ai donné</i> </td><td>I gave</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>tu m’as dit</i> </td><td>you told me</td></tr>
</table></blockquote>
<p>7. To negate the sentence, place <i>ne</i> before the verb or auxiliary (and before object pronouns); place <i>pas</i> after it:
<blockquote><table>
<tr><td><i>je ne donne pas</i> </td><td>I don’t give</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>tu ne dis pas</i> </td><td>you don’t say</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>je n’ai pas donné</i> </td><td>I gave</td></tr>
<tr><td><i>tu ne m’as pas dit</i> </td><td>you told me</td></tr>
</table></blockquote>
<p>Here are the pronouns you’ll need, and some verb forms.
<blockquote><table>
<tr bgcolor="#E0C0C0"><td> </td><td colspan="3">Pronouns </td><td colspan="3">Verbs</td></tr>
<tr bgcolor="#E0C0C0"><td> </td><td>subj </td><td>acc </td><td>dat </td><td>have </td><td>give </td><td>say</td></tr>
<tr><td bgcolor="#E0C0C0">1s </td><td>je </td><td>me </td><td>me </td><td>ai </td><td>donne </td><td>dis</td></tr>
<tr><td bgcolor="#E0C0C0">2s </td><td>tu </td><td>te </td><td>te </td><td>as </td><td>donnes </td><td>dis</td></tr>
<tr><td bgcolor="#E0C0C0">3s </td><td>il </td><td>le </td><td>lui </td><td>a </td><td>donne </td><td>dit</td></tr>
<tr><td bgcolor="#E0C0C0">1p </td><td>nous </td><td>nous </td><td>nous </td><td>avons </td><td>donnons </td><td>disons</td></tr>
<tr><td bgcolor="#E0C0C0">2p </td><td>vous </td><td>vous </td><td>vous </td><td>avez </td><td>donnez </td><td>dites</td></tr>
<tr><td bgcolor="#E0C0C0">3p </td><td>ils </td><td>les </td><td>leur </td><td>ont </td><td>donnent </td><td>disent</td></tr>
<tr><td bgcolor="#E0C0C0">participle </td><td> </td><td> </td><td> </td><td>eu </td><td>donné </td><td>dit</td></tr>
</table></blockquote>
You might expect the verbal morphology to be tough, but it’s merely tedious. The tricky bits here will be verb agreement, and negation. Look closely at how Chomsky handles agreement in English. Negation won’t work quite like English, because of the two particles needed, but it’s not <i>that</i> much different.
<p>I am leaving a few things out— the feminine pronouns; other tenses; verbs that form the past tense with <i>être</i>. If you know French, feel free to handle these things as well!
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