KGRKJGETMRETU895U-589TY5MIGM5JGB5SDFESFREWTGR54TY
Server : Apache/2.4.62
System : FreeBSD fbsdweb2.web.rcn.net 14.1-RELEASE FreeBSD 14.1-RELEASE releng/14.1-n267679-10e31f0946d8 GENERIC amd64
User : www ( 80)
PHP Version : 8.3.8
Disable Function : NONE
Directory :  /domains/markrose/

Upload File :
current_dir [ Writeable ] document_root [ Writeable ]

 

Current File : /domains/markrose/comment10.htm
<HTML>
<HEAD><TITLE>The Count of Years Commentary: 10 </TITLE></HEAD>
<BODY BGCOLOR="#F0F0B8" TEXT="#002200"><IMG  Align=Top SRC="ciheader.gif">

<h2><a name="Count"><font color="#803800">The Count of Years Commentary: 10 </font></a> 
<font size=-1>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href="ciroma10.htm">[ <i>Text</i> ]</font>
</h2>

<hr>

<font face="Times CE">


<h3><a name="Coming"><font color="#803800">The conquest of the Plain</a> </font></a></h3>

Quite a few names come up in this section; if it becomes difficult to keep track of them all, see the <a href="#Lists">lists of kings</a> at the end of the Commentary.


<h4><a name="Cayenas"><font color="#000060">Cayenas changes hands</font></a></h4>

Timeline: -318, two years after the conquest of Tevar&#x0113;.  

<p>According to tradition the city of Aure Arrasex was founded in -313.

<h4><a name="pride"><font color="#000060">The pride of It&#x012B;rante</font></a></h4>

Timeline: It&#x012B;rante's apotheosis occurred in -318.

<p>Names: <i>Xr&#x0101;tibrexos</i> = 'valorous arm'.

<p><b>Atheism</b> (<i>bisn&#x016B;mias, </i>'without-god-ness') had very different connotations for the Cuzeians.  Cuzei was the most advanced human nation, and the source of its difference was its belief in I&aacute;inos; only the ili&#x016B; had more knowledge and power, and they were the source of Cuzeian belief.  In this context atheism seemed either foolish or psychopathic.  Indeed, a Lord of Cuzei could be prosecuted by the King's Council for atheism-- as Beretos's lord was, though falsely.  Only centuries later, in the late Silver Age, would there be atheistic philosophies (and the social tolerance for them to be left alone).

<p>Ir&#x012B;rante taunts the Knowers because I&aacute;inos does not immediately strike him down and rescue them.  For the Knowers this must have been frustrating (as well as dangerous), since they never claimed this sort of influence over I&aacute;inos.  Following the ili&#x016B;, they taught that I&aacute;inos was not like a pagan god, distributing magic and favors to his supplicants.  He had after all allowed Amn&#x0101;s and the ktuvoks to make war against the ili&#x016B; eight times; it was part of his Dream to allow freedom of action to evil.

<h4><a name="fall"><font color="#000060">The fall of It&#x012B;rante</font></a></h4>

Timeline: It&#x012B;rante divided his realm in -310; Cayenas fell to the Ca&#x010f;inorians in -300; D&#x0101;cuas was established in -290.

<p>Names: 

<blockquote>
<i>Manimedas</i> 'powerful son'; <i>Murgemedas</i> 'stone son'.

<p><i>M&ucirc;stibliciu</i> = 'having many horses'.  <i>D&#x0101;cuas</i> is of uncertain meaning.
</blockquote>

<p>The story of <b>It&#x012B;rante</b> and his sons, ending in utter defeat and the occupation of their lands by Little Cuzeians and Ca&#x010f;inorians, is of course a cautionary tale against pride and rebellion against I&aacute;inos.  No doubt the story is accurate enough (the center of Eretald, where Cuzeian and Ca&#x010f;inorian and Me&#x0165;aiun met, was the most subject to cultural mixing of the sort that horrified the orthodox Cuzeians), but it's worth remembering that we're reading the account written by It&#x012B;rante's enemies.

<p>The <i>Cazinor&#x014D;</i> who occupied the duchy of Cayenas were technically the <b>Kaino</b>; their language, Kahinisa, was a sister to Ca&#x010f;inor.  They are important here only as agents of divine retribution, but they went on to greater glory, capturing the remaining portion of Dav&#x016B;r, up to the ocean, around -250, and retaining it for two centuries.  They were the first Central state, and retained the urbanization and administrative machinery of the Me&#x0165;aiun/Cuzeian state (and conducted their diplomatic affairs in Cu&ecirc;zi).  Meanwhile the Ca&#x010f;inorians themselves turned the middle Cayenas (Svetla) into a patchwork of tiny, powerless towns.  

<p>The fall of Dav&#x016B;r impelled many Metail&#x014D; to flee, founding the kingdom of <i>Davrio</i> on the island of Kebri. 

<h4><a name="conquest"><font color="#000060">The conquest of Nayas</font></a></h4>

Timeline: Nayas fell in -277.

<p>Names:

<blockquote>
<i>Raviecadas</i> = 'just commander'

<p><i>Samoc&ecirc;las</i> = 'bright sword'

<p><i>Xr&#x0101;tic&#x016B;nas</i> = 'valorous deed'

<p><i>Ambec&#x0101;lu</i> = 'with grace', an example of a name formed from an intrumental.  The word for prophet, <i>num&#x012B;curas</i> ('god-messenger'), is the same as the word for a pagan priest.

<p><i>Xarinen</i> = Me&#x0165;. <i>Gharinen </i>'lucky young man'

<p><i>R&ecirc;stir&#x014D;pas</i> = 'last fruit'; supposedly the field contained the last fruit trees before one reached the great grasslands of the south.

<p><i>Lanetio</i> = 'thinker'.
</blockquote>

<p>The <b>sizes of the armies</b> are lower than those given for the initial invasion-- which makes sense; this is a war for the conquest of a single city, when Cuzei had already been settled for a few generations; while the initial invasion was an entire migration of peoples.

<p>The <b>battle of R&ecirc;stir&#x014D;pas</b> is perhaps the closest the Cuzeians came to a humiliating defeat.  On the left, their cavalry was heavily outnumbered, and since Xarinen's army seems to have marched a bit rightward, the spearmen were outnumbered and outflanked.

<p>They were saved by the actions on the right: Lanetio chased away Xarinen's cavalry (which he outnumbered), while Xr&#x0101;tibrexos quickly wheeled his troops around to face left, and then marched them straight across the field to mop up the Metail&#x014D;.  

<p>Although this story establishes that the ruling class of <b>Nayas</b> was the Inibeig&#x014D;, the Cuzeians of the Isr&#x0113;ica always treated it as belonging to the Little Cuzeians-- seen in general as poorer, more barbaric, less orthodox, as well as in some way subservient to the Eleitan state.  Still, this story at least gives a heroic role to their founder Xr&#x0101;tibrexos.

<p>Thought the Nay&#x014D;r&#x0113; never produced much literature, we do have some histories and legends which tell their side of the story.  They considered the Eleitans to be arrogant and unwarlike.  Their account of this battle is a good deal less schematic, mostly consisting of accounts of individual combats, focussing on the Xr&#x0101;tibrexig&#x014D;.  The name of Lanetio is not even mentioned, though Samoc&ecirc;las gets a death scene with a fine dying speech.  

<h4><a name="sharing"><font color="#000060">The sharing of wheat</font></a></h4>

Timeline: The famine began in -272.

<p>Names: <i>Vexilerias</i> 'clear seeing'

<p>The liver was the seat of compassion, which is why Vexilerias is touched there. 

<p>It's easy to forget that Western individualism is by no means universal or instinctual.  Cuzeian society was <b>communal</b> in organization; everyone had duties to their family, their village, their House; and for the most part it simply made no sense to think about making one's own way in the world.  As the economy grew more complex and specialized, however, new elements were not communal.  So, for instance, the wheat crop was always planted and harvested communally, but when Cuzeians started to grow lemons, it was by the initiative of individuals or families who kept the proceeds for themselves.

<p>As with many stories of beginnings, this one is a little too neat to be entirely accepted.  Communal wheat farming didn't begin with Lanetio; his innovation was to establish central granaries.  The story can also be seen as the Cuzeians ceasing to see themselves as pastoralists: though retaining their importance as a cavalry, the Lords now had responsibility for organizing agriculture in their <i>aur&#x0113;</i>.

<h4><a name="formation"><font color="#000060">The formation of Cuzei </font></a></h4>

Timeline: Ravixuo ascended in -274, and died in -253.  The union took place in -250.

<p>Names:

<blockquote>
<i>Ravixuo</i> 'just eye'; <i>Am&#x012B;sia</i> 'joy'; <i>Ravic&ecirc;las</i> 'just sword'

<p><i>Oleni&#x014D;re</i> 'jewel beauty'; <i>G&#x016B;rexivio</i> 'lion claw'; <i>T&ecirc;ll&ecirc;isom&acirc;</i> 'lovely dream'

<p><i>Xim&#x0101;uro</i> is of uncertain meaning.

<p><i>Xr&#x0101;timedas</i> 'valorous son'.

<p><i>Cel&#x014D;usio</i> 'swordsman'.

<p><i>Mitanocoros</i> = 'southern port'; <i>M&#x0113;s&#x0113; Camminex</i> = 'fields of the Camminas'
</blockquote>

<p>The northern <b>version</b> is of course from CLE; the southern version is CAA.  Since such discrepancies are relatively rare, CLE and CAA are generally taken to be based on an earlier source, written or oral, now lost.  Either each city's Knowers wrote their own account of the union, or one of them replaced the lost source's account with a local account.

<p><b>CAA's account</b> centers on the young duchess, Oleni&#x014D;re.  Ravic&ecirc;las's advice to the duchess is pure Cuzeian realpolitik-- the main duty of a dynasty is to perpetuate itself, and Ravixuo (and he) had failed in this.  Nonetheless, it was an opportunity to establish a larger kingdom, one which would dominate the Cuzeian world.  Xr&#x0101;timedas is rather too clear that he regarded the potential union as a takeover. 

<p><b>CLE's account</b> concentrates on the northern duke, Xim&#x0101;uro; Oleni&#x014D;re here seems to have little choice but to be bowled over by his splendor and accept his suit, and no rival is mentioned.  On the other hand, CLE is more honest about why exactly Ravixuo had no legitimate sons.   

<p>CAA speaks of knowing E&#x012B;ledan, not I&aacute;inos.  The duchies did not differ in theology, but in emphasis.  In effect I&aacute;inos stood for the entire divinity in the north, and received prayers and credit for earthly affairs; in the south it was E&#x012B;ledan.

<p>The leadership of a lineage or a House was always, in theory, <b>hereditary</b>, though a lord had the right to choose which of his sons would inherit.  If he had no sons, he could name one of his nephews as heir.  After that the great men of the lineage would decide who would inherit.  (If the lineage held a duchy or kingdom, as here, this could be taken as an opportunity for the lords to impose their own choice, or even to choose a new dynasty.)

<p><b>Cel&#x014D;usio</b>, though out of luck as an aspirant to his father's throne, had a fine career as an epic hero; he's said to have defeated a dragon, tangled with a nation of warrior women (the <i>eguende&#x0101;</i>), and helped the elcari defeat an invasion of m&uacute;rtani, among other great deeds.  He's the only epic hero to be mentioned in the <i>Count of Years</i>.

<h4><a name="united"><font color="#000060">The united kingdom</font></a></h4>

Timeline: The submission of Xr&#x0101;timedas took place in -240.

<p>Names:

<blockquote>
<i>&#x0100;neyinos</i> = 'one people'.

<p><i>Sistebrexos </i>= 'fast arm'; <i>X&#x014D;lic&ecirc;las</i> 'thunder sword'.

<p><i>L&#x016B;ven&#x016B;mio</i> = 'loves divinity'
</blockquote>

<p>The power of the new kingdom of <b>Cuzei</b> is cemented by a military victory, which leads to a <i>de jure</i> overlordship over all of the entire Cuzeian and Little Cuzeian states. 

<p>The Little Cuzeians did worship I&aacute;inos, so it seems a bit redundant that their young chief was sent to Eleisa to come to know him.  However, it was felt that Little Cuzeians could always stand to improve their religious understanding.

<p>It's no accident that Xim&#x0101;uro demands horses as <b>tribute</b>.  The best horses have always come from the Barbarian Plain, and within Eretald, from the southernmost states bordering it.  Iron weapons, at this time, were only made by the elcari; it isn't likely that many Nayor&#x0113; had them, but for this very reason Xim&#x0101;uro asks for them.

<h4><a name="foundation"><font color="#000060">The foundation of Munxeas</font></a></h4>

The Cuzeians are more than a thousand years off: Munxeas (the Cu&ecirc;zi name for <b>Munkh&acirc;sh</b>) was established around -1360.  Munkh&acirc;sh was founded in Dem&oacute;shimor (the human territory between the two ktuvok habitats in eastern Erel&aacute;e), and later expanded south into Tyellakh.  It began expanding into the Shk&oacute;noro valley (Sarn&aacute;e) about the time of the Eastern expansion, which may account for the perception in Eretald that they were a new thing.

<p>The Cuzeian and Ca&#x010f;inorian invasion drove quite a few Metail&#x014D; into Sarn&aacute;e, where by 1 Z.E. they pushed Munkhash back almost to the Dag&ecirc;sh range, the eastern boundary of Sarn&aacute;e.  These Metail&#x014D; are the ancestors of today's Monkhayu; the Cuzeians called them the Xavig&#x014D;, and did not realize that they had not always lived in Sarn&aacute;e (nor that they were related to the Metail&#x014D;).

<p>At the time CAA and CLE were written, then, the Munkh&acirc;shi were a fairly remote threat, and the Xavig&#x014D; in between were strong.  Later editors of the <i>Count of Years</i>, knowing that Munkh&acirc;sh would invade Eretald and besiege Eleisa (455-458), greatly added to the foreshadowing in this section, adding a long vaunt in which Amn&#x0101;s vows not only to resist but to destroy Cuzei (and an answering promise from E&#x012B;ledan that he would protect it).

<h4><a name="invention"><font color="#000060">The invention of writing</font></a></h4>

Timeline: Traditionally, Or&#x016B;lerelo's expedition took place in -204.

<p>Names:

<blockquote>
<i>Or&#x016B;lerelo</i> = 'hoped for (child)'

<p><i>Ul&#x014D;nedelo</i> = 'given by Ul&#x014D;ne'

<p><i>Ed&ocirc;ndas</i> = 'meanderer'; V. <i>Edon</i>.

<p><i>Dageta</i> = Me&#x0165;. 'northern house', V. <i>Da&#x017e;da</i>.

<p><i>Siluon </i>and <i>&#x016A;xotill&ecirc;</i> are opaque.

<p><i>Crinu</i> (from Me&#x0165;.) is a pithy-stemmed reed similar to papyrus, used by the Cuzeians to make paper (<i>crindas</i>).

<p><i>B&#x0101;xemanis</i> = 'skillful hand'.
</blockquote>

<p>Unlike any other ancient human script on Almea, <b>Cuzeian writing</b> never passed through an ideographic or logographic stage.  Whether or not this story is true in detail, the Cuzeians certainly got the idea of alphabetic writing from the ili&#x016B;.

<p>We do possess some very early manuscripts which show, as the text describes, multiple acrophonic graphemes for the same sound.  Some writers liked the decorative effect, but increasing stylization made the pictures hard to recognize.  Some variants survived for quite some time, or in outlying regions; this is probably why the Ca&#x010f;inorians of Araunicoros, when they started to write their alphabet, found <img src="illo/cadhk.gif" alt="K"> (for <i>c&#x012B;ll&#x0101;</i> 'hair') as an alternative for <img src="illo/cadhc.gif" alt="C"> (from <i>go&ecirc;lu</i> 'wheat'), and could adapt the first for their /q/ sound, the second for /k/.

<p>CAA and CLE are written in a pre-Golden Age orthography which did not yet distinguish vowel qualities, or even voiced and unvoiced consonants (which is why the text speaks of 10 rather than 15 consonants).  These distinctions were all added by Anac&#x016B;lato, presumably following the Knowers' oral tradition.  (In a few cases, later editors decided he was wrong, and I've followed the consensus.  E.g. Anac&#x016B;lato spelled the name of the iliu king Ec&#x0113;lito as <i>Eg&#x0113;lito</i>.)

<h3><a name="Then"><font color="#000060">Then what happened?</font></a></h3>

These are the last stories in either manuscript, though CLE lists the subsequent kings down to Enal&#x0101;das (ascended -107); see <a href="#Lists">the table below</a>.

<p><a href="comment9.htm#Girueses">As noted</a>, Cuzei absorbed S&#x016B;&#x0101;s in 104; this is considered the beginning of its Golden Age.  For its subsequent history, see the <i><a href="/atlas/">Historical Atlas</a></i>.  <i>In the Land of Babblers</i>, whose story begins in 287, is an important glimpse into Golden Age politics, especially the Cuzeian failure to anticipate the Munkh&acirc;shi threat.  

<p>For more on the Cuzeian religion, see <a href="belief.htm"><i>Almean Belief Systems</i></a>; and on the Cu&ecirc;zi language, see the (upcoming) grammar. 

</font>

<hr>

<h3><a name="Lists"><font color="#000060">Lists of kings and dukes</font></a></h3>

These are provided for reference.  Many of the dates come from the <i>Count of Years</i> itself; I've removed them from the main text, where they are awkward and impede the narrative.  Others are supplied from other ancient sources.

<h4><a name="Kings"><font color="#000060">Kings of the ili&#x016B;</font></a></h4>

1.<b> Iriand</b> (till the end of the 2nd war); wife Al&#x0101;na

<p>2.<b> Ambret&#x0101;u</b> (till the end of the 4th war); wife Urisama

<p>3.<b> An&#x0101;os</b> (till sometime after the creation of men)

<p>4.<b> Soromo</b> (till the end of the 6th war); wife At&#x0101;un&#x0113;

<p>5.<b> Ec&#x0113;lito</b> (till the middle of the 7th war)

<p>6.<b> Uxr&acirc;ssos</b> (till late in the 8th war)

<p>7.<b> Omont&#x0101;sio</b>

<p>--nine iliu kings--

<p>17.<b> R&#x0101;viciu</b> (till ~ 210); wife Ridinari

<p>18.<b> S&#x012B;luon</b>; wife &#x016A;xotill&ecirc;; taught writing to the Cuzeians

<h4><a name="Inibeig&#x014D;"><font color="#000060">The Inibeig&#x014D;</font></a></h4>

<table>
<tr BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0"><td></td>
<td><i>Name</i></td>
<td><i>born&nbsp;&nbsp;</i></td>
<td><i>Noteworthy events</i></td>
<td><i>died (age)</i></td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">1</td>
<td><b>Inib&#x0113;</b></td>
<td>-416</td>
<td>Duke of Metayu (and Ocayami), -375 (at 41)</td>
<td>-360 (56)</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">2a</td>
<td><b>&Icirc;cem&#x0113;gro</b></td>
<td>-385</td>
<td>Duke of Metayu -360 (at 25); murdered later that year</td>
<td>-360 (25)</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">2b</td>
<td><b>&Icirc;cec&ecirc;los</b></td>
<td>-383</td>
<td>Duke of Araunicoros (in rebellion v. &Icirc;cem&#x0113;gro), -360</td>
<td>-302 (81)</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">2c</td>
<td><b>It&#x012B;rante</b></td>
<td>-380</td>
<td>Duke of Metayu -360 (at 20); conquered Cayenas, rebelled against I&aacute;inos, -318; divides duchy with sons, -310; killed by sons, -307 (at 73)</td>
<td>-307 (73)</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">3a</td>
<td><b>Manimedas</b> <br>son of 2c<b></b></td>
<td>-349</td>
<td>ruler of Araunicoros and Comex, -310 ;co-duke of Dun&#x014D;mey&#x016B;, -307</td>
<td>-290 (killed)</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">3b</td>
<td><b>Murgemedas</b> <br>son of 2c<b></b></td>
<td>-347</td>
<td>ruler of Cantiego and Colsindas, -310; co-duke of Dun&#x014D;mey&#x016B;, -307; Loses Cayenas to the Ca&#x010f;inorians, -300</td>
<td>-290 (killed)</td>
<td></td></tr>
</table>

The <b>&Icirc;cec&ecirc;lig&#x014D;</b> (sons of &Icirc;cec&ecirc;los) remained in power in part of Metayu; their line ended in the civil war.

<p>The <b>Xr&#x0101;tibrexig&#x014D;</b>, those loyal to I&aacute;inos during the atheism of It&#x012B;rante, claimed descent from &Icirc;cem&#x0113;gro (the only theologically safe son of Inib&#x0113;).  This is somewhat unlikely (if &Icirc;cem&#x0113;gro had a son the politics of the -380s would have gone differently), but they were certainly part of Inib&#x0113;'s clan.

<table>
<tr BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0"><td></td>
<td><i>Name</i></td>
<td><i>born&nbsp;&nbsp;</i></td>
<td><i>Noteworthy events</i></td>
<td><i>died (age)</i></td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">1</td>
<td><b>Xr&#x0101;tibrexos</b></td>
<td></td>
<td>rebelled against It&#x012B;rante, -318; given lands in Eleisa and Tevar&#x0113;, -310</td>
<td>-277</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">2</td>
<td><b>Xr&#x0101;tic&#x016B;nas</b></td>
<td></td>
<td>duke of Nayas, -277</td>
<td>-248</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">3</td>
<td><b>Xr&#x0101;timedas</b></td>
<td></td>
<td>duke of Nayas, -248; incites Nimoic&#x016B; to rebel v. Xim&#x0101;uro, -246; defeated by Xim&#x0101;uro, becomes vassal, -243</td>
<td>-212</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">4</td>
<td><b>Xr&#x0101;ticipato</b></td>
<td></td>
<td>duke of Nayas, -212</td>
<td></td>
<td></td></tr>
</table>


<h4><a name="L&#x0113;ivior&#x0113;"><font color="#000060">The L&#x0113;ivior&#x0113;</font></a></h4>

<table>
<tr BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0"><td></td>
<td><i>Name</i></td>
<td><i>born&nbsp;&nbsp;</i></td>
<td><i>Noteworthy events</i></td>
<td><i>died (age)</i></td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">1</td>
<td><b>L&#x0113;ivio</b></td>
<td>-410</td>
<td>helped conquer Metayu, -375 (at 35); Ruler of Cantiego, -360; Duke of Cayenas (Cantiego, Colsindas, Osuripoli), -355</td>
<td>-339 (71)</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">2</td>
<td><b>L&#x012B;xiruitas</b></td>
<td>-386</td>
<td>duke of Cayenas, -339  (at 47); conquered NoxosDuke of Tevar&#x0113;, -320 (at 66); dispossessed from Cayenas, -318</td>
<td>-315 (71)</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">3</td>
<td><b>L&#x012B;xiel&acirc;sas</b></td>
<td>-361</td>
<td>duke of Tevar&#x0113;, -315 (at 46); founded Aure Arrasex, -313</td>
<td>-307 (54)</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">4</td>
<td><b>Raviecadas</b></td>
<td>-334</td>
<td>duke of Tevar&#x0113;, -307 (at 27)</td>
<td>-274 (60)</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">5</td>
<td><b>Ravixuo</b></td>
<td>-253</td>
<td>duke of Tevar&#x0113;, -274 (at 30)</td>
<td>-253 (51)</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">6</td>
<td><b>Oleni&#x014D;re</b></td>
<td>-272</td>
<td>duchess of Tevar&#x0113;, -253  (at 19); marries Xim&#x0101;uro, -250 (at 22)</td>
<td>-210 (62)</td>
<td></td></tr>
</table>



<h4><a name="Cal&#x0113;si&#x014D;r&#x0113;"><font color="#000060">The Cal&#x0113;si&#x014D;r&#x0113; </font></a></h4>

<table>
<tr BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0"><td></td>
<td><i>Name</i></td>
<td><i>born&nbsp;&nbsp;</i></td>
<td><i>Noteworthy events</i></td>
<td><i>died (age)</i></td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">1</td>
<td><b>Cal&#x0113;sias</b></td>
<td>-405</td>
<td>helped conquer Metayu, -375; Ruler of Colsindas, -360; Conquered Alaldas, -355; Founder and Duke of Eleisa, -350</td>
<td>-330 (75)</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">2</td>
<td><b>Yeremizos</b></td>
<td>-376</td>
<td>duke of Eleisa, -330 (at 46); took Vionnosindas, founded Norunayas, -320</td>
<td>-309 (67)</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">3</td>
<td><b>Samoc&ecirc;las</b></td>
<td>-347</td>
<td>duke of Eleisa, -309 (at 38)</td>
<td>-277 (70)</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">4</td>
<td><b>Lanetio</b></td>
<td>-316</td>
<td>duke of Eleisa, -277 (at 39); organized famine relief, -272</td>
<td>258 (58)</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">5</td>
<td><b>Xim&#x0101;uro</b></td>
<td>-282</td>
<td>duke of Eleisa, -257 (at 25); married Oleni&#x014D;re, uniting the two duchies, -250 (at 32); called king of Cuzei after his defeat of Xr&#x0101;timedas, -240</td>
<td>-206 (76)</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">6</td>
<td><b>&#x0100;neyinos</b></td>
<td>-249</td>
<td>king of Cuzei, -206 (at 43); sent Or&#x016B;lerelo to learn writing, -204</td>
<td>-190 (59)</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">7</td>
<td><b>B&#x0101;xemanis</b></td>
<td>-222</td>
<td>king of Cuzei, -190 (at 32)</td>
<td>-174 (48)</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">8</td>
<td><b>N&icirc;terio</b></td>
<td>-197</td>
<td>king of Cuzei, -174 (at 23)</td>
<td>-128 (69)</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">9</td>
<td><b>N&#x016B;mib&#x0113;ge</b></td>
<td>-169</td>
<td>king of Cuzei, -128 (at 41, nephew of 8)</td>
<td>-107 (62)</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">10</td>
<td><b>Enal&#x0101;das</b></td>
<td>-145</td>
<td>king of Cuzei, -107 (at 38)</td>
<td>-79 (66)</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">11</td>
<td><b>Feroicol&ecirc;</b>,<b></b></td>
<td>-118</td>
<td>king of Cuzei, -79 (at 39); killed in war with Cazinor&#x014D;</td>
<td>-71 (47)</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">12</td>
<td><b>Cueporio</b></td>
<td>-87</td>
<td>king of Cuzei, -71 (at 16)</td>
<td>-65 (22)</td>
<td></td></tr>
</table>

Cueporio died of the plague, along with his two cousins, the next in line for the throne.   This was seen as a sign of divine disfavor, and to succeed him the Lords chose his regent Nalerio-- of a rich Eleitan House which claimed descent from Cal&#x0113;sias.  Nalerio continued to be called 'the regent' (<i>esocadas</i>), which became the name of his dynasty.

<h4><a name="Esocadi"><font color="#000060">The Esocadi (to 108)</font></a></h4>

<table>
<tr BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0"><td></td>
<td><i>Name</i></td>
<td><i>born&nbsp;&nbsp;</i></td>
<td><i>Noteworthy events</i></td>
<td><i>died (age)</i></td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">1</td>
<td><b>Nalerio</b></td>
<td>-127</td>
<td>named regent for Cueporio, -71; king of Cuzei, -65 (at 62)</td>
<td>-50 (77)</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">2</td>
<td><b>Udionelo</b></td>
<td>-96</td>
<td>king of Cuzei, -50 (at 46)</td>
<td>-33 (63)</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">3</td>
<td><b>C&#x0101;pin&#x016B;mio</b></td>
<td>-71</td>
<td>king of Cuzei, -33 (at 38)</td>
<td>-13 (58)</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">4</td>
<td><b>Eruimed</b></td>
<td>-47</td>
<td>king of Cuzei, -13 (at 34)</td>
<td>-2 (45)</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">5</td>
<td><b>Gur&#x0113;cipato</b></td>
<td>-18</td>
<td>king of Cuzei, -2 (at 16, nephew of 4)</td>
<td>43 (61)</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">6</td>
<td><b>Z&icirc;texravas</b></td>
<td>1</td>
<td>king of Cuzei, 43 (at 42)</td>
<td>72 (71)</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr><td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">7</td>
<td><b>L&ocirc;dic&#x016B;nas</b></td>
<td>33</td>
<td>king of Cuzei, 72 (at 39); invaded S&#x016B;&#x0101;s to save it from Kaino, 95; incoroporated S&#x016B;&#x0101;s into Cuzei, 104</td>
<td>108 (75)</td>
<td></td></tr>
</table>

<h4><a name="Cuzeian"><font color="#000060">Cuzeian dynasties</font></a></h4>

<table>

<tr BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0"> <td></td>
<td><i>name</i></td>
<td><i>meaning</i></td>
<td><i>ruled&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</i></td>
<td><i>kings</i></td>
<td><i>remarks</i></td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr>
<td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">1</td>
<td><b>Cal&#x0113;si&#x014D;re</b></td>
<td>of Cal&#x0113;sias</td>
<td>-350 - -65</td>
<td>12</td>
<td>The <b>Dawn</b> Age, starting with the union of Eleisa and Tevar&#x0113; (-250). </td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr>
<td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">2</td>
<td><b>Esocadi</b></td>
<td>'regents'</td>
<td>-65 - 327</td>
<td>17</td>
<td>Absorbed S&#x016B;&#x0101;s, 104: start of <b>Golden</b> Age.  Later rulers increasingly weak.</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr>
<td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">3</td>
<td><b>Mitano</b></td>
<td>'southern'</td>
<td>327 - 412</td>
<td>3</td>
<td>Claimed descent from L&#x0113;ivio, and offered somewhat livelier leadership. </td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr>
<td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">4</td>
<td><b>Ob&#x0113;gelo</b></td>
<td>'favored'</td>
<td>412 - 552</td>
<td>7</td>
<td>So named because it received assistance from the ili&#x016B; during the seige of Eleisa.  From 440, the <b>Silver</b> Age, dominated by the fight against Munkh&acirc;sh.</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr>
<td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">5</td>
<td><b>N&#x0113;romurga</b></td>
<td>'holy stone'</td>
<td>552 - 601</td>
<td>2</td>
<td>The late Silver Age.</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr>
<td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">6</td>
<td><b>Maro&#x016B;sigo</b></td>
<td>of Maro&#x016B;sias</td>
<td>601 - 663</td>
<td>4</td>
<td>Inaugurated the <b>Empire</b>-- and the Decadent Age; founded by the usurping general Maro&#x016B;sias.</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr>
<td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">7</td>
<td>--</td>
<td></td>
<td>674 - 814</td>
<td>10</td>
<td>Emperors were chosen by the military.  After 750, the south rebelled under its own general-emperor.</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr>
<td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">8</td>
<td><b>Sosill&acirc;nu</b></td>
<td>'for the light'</td>
<td>814 - 885</td>
<td>4</td>
<td>Cuzei permanently divided; called Age of <b>Perversity</b>.</td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr>
<td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">9</td>
<td><b>Alaldig&#x014D;</b></td>
<td>of Alaldas</td>
<td>885 - 931</td>
<td>3</td>
<td></td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr>
<td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">10</td>
<td><b>Ni&#x014D;ro</b></td>
<td>'beautiful'</td>
<td>931 - 967</td>
<td>2</td>
<td></td>
<td></td></tr>

<tr>
<td BGCOLOR="#E0E0B0">11</td>
<td><b>R&ucirc;tex&#x016B;nas </b><br><i>or</i><b> R&ecirc;ste</b></td>
<td>'good land' /'last'</td>
<td>967 - 1024</td>
<td>4</td>
<td>In 1024, with Ca&#x010f;inas already in control of the country, the last emperor Zeilisio IV died, and was not replaced.</td>
<td></td></tr>
</table>

Dynasties of minor states are not given; this is the canonical list of dynasties ruling from Eleisa. 



<hr>

<center>
<A HREF="ciroma10.htm"><img src="vback.gif" border=0 alt="Back!" title="Back!" width=85 height=66 align=absmiddle></a>
<A HREF="virtuver.htm"><img src="homev.gif" border=0 alt="Back to Virtual Verduria" title="Back to Virtual Verduria" width=296 height=132 align=absmiddle></a> &nbsp;
<A HREF="comment10.htm"><img src="onward.gif" border=0 alt="Onward!" title="Onward!" width=85 height=66 align=absmiddle></a>
</center>


</BODY></HTML>

Anon7 - 2021