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<html><head><title>Phrases in many languages</title></head>
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<center><h1><!--title-->Phrases in many languages
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<p>Posted by <b><!--poster-->Philip Newton</b>
on <!--date-->14:34 7/9/01
<p>In reply to: <a href="86.html">Can someone translate this small sentence for me? :)</a> posted by Jacob W.</b> on 12:08 7/3/01
<p>
Since we're on the topic of "phrases in many languages", how about the
perennial favourite <b>I love you</b>?
<p>I believe it's probably
<ul>
<li>Verdurian: <b>[se] erh lübao</b> <i>(object pronouns must come
before the verb; normal word order is SVO otherwise)</i></li>
<li>Cadhinor: <b>[seo] ek luo</b> or <b>[seo] ek liubao</b> <i>(verb should
come last in the sentence; nominative precedes accusative; the regular form
is "liubao" but shortened forms of this verb also exist)</i></li>
<li>Ismaîn: <b>[se] lo ec</b> or possibly (also) <b>[se] lyvo ec</b>
<i>(Ismaîn places accusative pronouns after the verb; lyvec "to love"
has special short forms but may also conjugate regularly since the form
"lyvo" is attested)</i></li>
<li>Barakhinei: <b>[sû] êk lua</b> or <b>êk lua
[sû]</b> <i>(normal word order is SVO but there is a tendency to move
the topic to the beginning of the sentence; pronominal objects are normally
placed before a conjugated verb; I'm guessing the form of the verb by the
sound changes given from Cadhinor... er, and then I found the lexicon and
saw that I had guessed correctly :-)... but I had missed the fact that
lhibê is irregular and 1sg is not lhiba but lua :-( )</i></li>
<li>Kebreni: <b>[h'em] h'ilu fal</b> <i>[normal]</i> or <b>[h'em] ih'elu
fal</b> <i>[volitional]</i> or maybe <b>h'enili</b> <i>[benefactive to the
listener]</i> <i>(no form of "to love" is given, nor is it derivable from
Methaiun or Cadhinor through sound changes; however, "h'ilu" < "kheilu"
means "to like, to be fond of" < "to desire"; the volitional emphasises that
the action is intentional; the polite form is probably not appropriate
between lovers; not sure whether the benefactive [towards either the speaker
or the listener] would be appropriate here, but the benefactive to the
listener sounds as if it might be a good way to avoid the object pronoun
'thee', since "pronouns are to be avoided in Kebreni"; basic word order is
SVO)</i></li>
<li>Methaiun: <b>[gem] kheilu fal</b> <i>(guessed from Kebreni)</i></li>
<li>Wede:i: <b>[melen]inggeku</b> <i>(no word for "love" or "like" is given
but "melen" is "heart"; -ing "I" + -ge "durative" + -ku "thee"; not sure
whether the durative is appropriate, since *"I am loving you" is not the
phrase in English)</i></li>
<li>Proto-Eastern: <b>[sewo] lu:bawo e:gh</b> <i>(word order for this and
the following languages is anyone's guess, since it's not stated)</i></li>
<li>Cuêzi: <b>[se:o] lu:va:o e:r</b></li>
<li>Axunashin: <b>[siu] ruwou ej</b> <i>("I desire you")</i></li>
<li>Obenzayet: <b>[sa<strike>l</strike>a] lüva<strike>l</strike>a
la<strike>l</strike>a</b></li>
<li>Lufasha: <i>(something with "lü" in it, perhaps? Or with
"lúbo:"?)</i></li>
</ul>
Are those correct? And which word order would you recommend for each
language?
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<b>Philip Newton</b>
<i>14:34 7/9/01</i>
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