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#Comparative Table of
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# Pinyin - WadeGiles - Yale - GuoinII - GwoyeuRomatzyh - Bopomofo
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# Compiled by Seke Wei on July 4, 1997.
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#Pinyin Wade Yale GuoyinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo
a a a a <a ar aa ah> �� ��
ai ai ai ai <ai air ae ay> �� �s
an an an an <an arn aan ann> �� �w
ang ang ang ang <ang arng aang anq> �� ��
ao ao au au <au aur ao aw> �� �W
#Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo
ba pa ba ba <ba bar baa bah> �t�� �K
bai pai bai bai <bai bair bae bay> �t�� ��
ban pan ban ban <ban barn baan bann> �t�� �b
bang pang bang bang <bang barng baang banq> �t�� ��
bao pao bau bau <bau baur bao baw> �t�� �]
bei pei bei bei <bei beir beei bey> �t�� �_
ben pe^n ben ben <ben bern been benn> �t�� ��
beng pe^ng beng beng <beng berng beeng benq> �t�� �Y
bi pi bi bi <bi byi bii bih> �t�@ ��
bian pien byan bian <bian byan bean biann> �t�@�� ��
biao piao byau biau <biau byau beau biaw> �t�@�� ��
bie pieh bye bie <bie bye biee bieh> �t�@�� �O
bin pin bin bin <bin byn biin binn> �t�@�� ��
bing ping bing bing <bing byng biing binq> �t�@�� ��
bo po bwo bo <bo bor boo boh> �t�� �B
bu pu bu bu <bu bwu buu buh> �t�� ��
#Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo
ca ts'a tsa tsa <tsa tsar tsaa tsah> ���� ��
cai ts'ai tsai tsai <tsai tsair tsae tsay> ���� �~
can ts'an tsan tsan <tsan tsarn tsaan tsann> ���� ��
cang ts'ang tsang tsang <tsang tsarng tsaang tsanq> ���� ��
cao ts'ao tsau tsau <tsau tsaur tsao tsaw> ���� ��
ce ts'e^h tse tse <tse tser tsee tseh> ���� �U
cen ts'e^n tsen tsen <tsen tsern tseen tsenn> ���� ��
ceng ts'e^ng tseng tseng <tseng tserng tseeng tsenq> ���� �h
ci ts'u^ tsz tsz <tsy tsyr tsyy tsyh> �� ��
cong ts'ung tsung tsung <tsong tsorng tsoong tsonq> ������ �^
cou ts'ou tsou tsou <tsou tsour tsoou tsow> ���� ��
cu ts'u tsu tsu <tsu tswu tsuu tsuh> ���� ��
cuan ts'uan tswan tsuan <tsuan tswan tsoan tsuann> ������ �y
cui ts'ui tswei tsuei <tsuei tswei tsoei tsuey> ������ ��
cun ts'un tswen tsuen <tsuen tswen tsoen tsuenn> ������ ��
cuo ts'o tswo tsuo <tsuo tswo tsuoo tsuoh> ������ ��
#Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo
cha ch'a cha cha <cha char chaa chah> ���� �e
chai ch'ai chai chai <chai chair chae chay> ���� ��
chan ch'an chan chan <chan charn chaan chann> ���� ��
chang ch'ang chang chang <chang charng chaang chanq> ���� ��
chao ch'ao chau chau <chau chaur chao chaw> ���� ��
che ch'e^ che che <che cher chee cheh> ���� ��
chen ch'e^n chen chen <chen chern cheen chenn> ���� ��
cheng ch'e^ng cheng cheng <cheng cherng cheeng chenq> ���� ��
chi ch'ih chr chi <chy chyr chyy chyh> �� �Y
chong ch'ung chung chung <chong chorng choong chonq> ������ ��
chou ch'ou chou chou <chou chour choou chow> ���� ��
chu ch'u chu chu <chu chwu chuu chuh> ���� �X
chua ch'ua chwa chua <chua chwa choa chuah> ������ ��
chuai ch'uai chwai chuai <chuai chwai choai chuay> ������ ��
chuan ch'uan chwan chuan <chuan chwan choan chuann> ������ �t
chuang ch'uang chwang chuang <chuang chwang choang chuanq> ������ ��
chui ch'ui chwei chuei <chuei chwei choei chuey> ������ �j
chun ch'un chwen chuen <chuen chwen choen chuenn> ������ �K
chuo ch'o chwo chuo <chuo chwo chuoo chuoh> ������ �W
#Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo
da ta da da <da dar daa dah> �x�� �j
dai tai dai dai <dai dair dae day> �x�� �b
dan tan dan dan <dan darn daan dann> �x�� ��
dang tang dang dang <dang darng daang danq> �x�� ��
dao tao dau dau <dau daur dao daw> �x�� �M
de te^ de de <de der dee deh> �x�� �w
dei tei dei dei <dei deir deei dey> �x�� �o
deng te^ng deng deng <deng derng deeng denq> �x�� �n
di ti di di <di dyi dii dih> �x�@ �a
dian tien dyan dian <dian dyan dean diann> �x�@�� ��
diao tiao dyau diau <diau dyau deau diaw> �x�@�� ��
die tieh dye die <die dye diee dieh> �x�@�� ��
ding ting ding ding <ding dyng diing dinq> �x�@�� �B
diu tiu dyou diou <diou dyou deou diow> �x�@�� ��
dong tung dung dung <dong dorng doong donq> �x���� �V
dou tou dou dou <dou dour doou dow> �x�� ��
du tu du du <du dwu duu duh> �x�� �r
duan tuan dwan duan <duan dwan doan duann> �x���� �u
dui tui dwei duei <duei dwei doei duey> �x���� ��
dun tun dwen duen <duen dwen doen duenn> �x���� ��
duo to dwo duo <duo dwo duoo duoh> �x���� �h
#Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo
e e^ e e <e er ee eh> �� �j
#e^ eh
ei e^i ei ei <ei eir eei ey> ��
en e^n en en <en ern een enn> �� ��
eng e^ng eng eng <eng erng eeng enq> �� �
er e^rh er erh <el erl eel ell> �� ��
#Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo
fa fa fa fa <fa far faa fah> �w�� �k
fan fan fan fan <fan farn faan fann> �w�� �Z
fang fang fang fang <fang farng faang fanq> �w�� ��
fei fei fei fei <fei feir feei fey> �w�� �D
fen fe^n fen fen <fen fern feen fenn> �w�� ��
feng fe^ng feng feng <feng ferng feeng fenq> �w�� ��
fo fo fwo fo <fo for foo foh> �w�� ��
fou fou fou fou <fou four foou fow> �w�� �_
fu fu fu fu <fu fwu fuu fuh> �w�� ��
#Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo
ga ka ga ga <ga gar gaa gah> �|�� ��
gai kai gai gai <gai gair gae gay> �|�� ��
gan kan gan gan <gan garn gaan gann> �|�� ��
gang kang gang gang <gang garng gaang ganq> �|�� ��
gao kao gau gau <gau gaur gao gaw> �|�� �i
ge ke^,ko ke ge <ge ger gee geh> �|�� ��
gei kei kei gei <gei geir geei gey> �|�� ��
gen ke^n ken gen <gen gern geen genn> �|�� ��
geng ke^ng keng geng <geng gerng geeng genq> �|�� ��
gong kung gung gung <gong gorng goong gonq> �|���� �u
gou kou gou gou <gou gour goou gow> �|�� ��
gu ku gu gu <gu gwu guu guh> �|�� ��
gua kua gwa gua <gua gwa goa guah> �|���� ��
guai kuai gwai guai <guai gwai goai guay> �|���� ��
guan kuan gwan guan <guan gwan goan guann> �|���� �x
guang kuang gwang guang <guang gwang goang guanq> �|���� ��
gui kui gwei guei <guei gwei goei guey> �|���� �Q
gun kun gwen guen <guen gwen goen guenn> �|���� �u
guo kuo gwo guo <guo gwo guoo guoh> �|���� �L
#Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo
ha ha ha ha <ha har haa hah> �~�� ��
hai hai hai hai <hai hair hae hay> �~�� ��
han han han han <han harn haan hann> �~�� ��
hang hang hang hang <hang harng haang hanq> �~�� �C
hao hao hau hau <hau haur hao haw> �~�� �n
he he^ he he <he her hee heh> �~�� �e
hei hei hei hei <hei heir heei hey> �~�� ��
hen he^n hen hen <hen hern heen henn> �~�� ��
heng he^ng heng heng <heng herng heeng henq> �~�� ��
hong hung hung hung <hong horng hoong honq> �~���� ��
hou hou hou hou <hou hour hoou how> �~�� ��
hu hu hu hu <hu hwu huu huh> �~�� ��
hua hua hwa hua <hua hwa hoa huah> �~���� ��
huai huai hwai huai <huai hwai hoai huay> �~���� �a
huan huan hwan huan <huan hwan hoan huann> �~���� �w
huang huang hwang huang <huang hwang hoang huanq> �~���� ��
hui hui hwei huei <huei hwei hoei huey> �~���� ��
hun hun hwen huen <huen hwen hoen huenn> �~���� ��
huo huo hwo huo <huo hwo huoo huoh> �~���� ��
#Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo
ji chi ji ji <ji jyi jii jih> ���@ ��
jia chia jya jia <jia jya jea jiah> ���@�� �[
jian chien jyan jian <jian jyan jean jiann> ���@�� �y
jiang chiang jyang jiang <jiang jyang jeang jianq> ���@�� ��
jiao chiao jyau jiau <jiau jyau jeau jiaw> ���@�� ��
jie chieh jye jie <jie jye jiee jieh> ���@�� ��
jin chin jin jin <jin jyn jiin jinn> ���@�� ��
jing ching jing jing <jing jyng jiing jinq> ���@�� ��
jiong chiung jyung jiung <jiong jyong jeong jionq> ������ �~
jiu chiu jyou jiou <jiou jyou jeou jiow> ���@�� �[
ju chu: jyu jiu <jiu jyu jeu jiuh> ���� �~
juan chu:an jywan jiuan <jiuan jyuan jeuan jiuann> ������ ��
jue chu:eh jywe jiue <jiue jyue jeue jiueh> ������ ��
jun chu:n jyun jiun <jiun jyun jeun jiunn> ������ �g
#Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo
ka k'a ka ka <ka kar kaa kah> �}�� �d
kai k'ai kai kai <kai kair kae kay> �}�� �}
kan k'an kan kan <kan karn kaan kann> �}�� ��
kang k'ang kang kang <kang karng kaang kanq> �}�� �d
kao k'ao kau kau <kau kaur kao kaw> �}�� ��
ke k'e^ ke ke <ke ker kee keh> �}�� �i
ken k'e^n ken ken <ken kern keen kenn> �}�� ��
keng k'e^ng keng keng <keng kerng keeng kenq> �}�� �\
kong k'ung kung kung <kong korng koong konq> �}���� ��
kou k'ou kou kou <kou kour koou kow> �}�� �f
ku k'u ku ku <ku kwu kuu kuh> �}�� �W
kua k'ua kwa kua <kua kwa koa kuah> �}���� ��
kuai k'uai kwai kuai <kuai kwai koai kuay> �}���� ��
kuan k'uan kwan kuan <kuan kwan koan kuann> �}���� �e
kuang k'uang kwang kuang <kuang kwang koang kuanq> �}���� �g
kui k'uei kwei kuei <kuei kwei koei kuey> �}���� �s
kun k'un kwen kuen <kuen kwen koen kuenn> �}���� �x
kuo k'uo kwo kuo <kuo kwo kuoo kuoh> �}���� �A
#Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo
la la la la <lha la laa lah> �{�� ��
lai lai lai lai <lhai lai lae lay> �{�� ��
lan lan lan lan <lhan lan laan lann> �{�� �i
lang lang lang lang <lhang lang laang lanq> �{�� ��
lao lao lau lau <lhau lau lao law> �{�� ��
le le^ le le <lhe le lee leh> �{�� ��
lei lei lei lei <lhei lei leei ley> �{�� �p
leng le^ng leng leng <lheng leng leeng lenq> �{�� �N
li li li li <lhi li lii lih> �{�@ �O
lia lia lya lia <lhia lia lea liah> �{�@�� ��
lian lien lyan lian <lhian lian lean liann> �{�@�� �s
liang liang lyang liang <lhiang liang leang lianq> �{�@�� �G
liao liao lyau liau <lhiau liau leau liaw> �{�@�� ��
lie lieh lye lie <lhie lie liee lieh> �{�@�� �C
lin lin lin lin <lhin lin liin linn> �{�@�� �L
ling ling ling ling <lhing ling liing linq> �{�@�� ��
liu liu lyou liou <lhiou liou leou liow> �{�@�� ��
long lung lung lung <lhong long loong lonq> �{���� ��
lou lou lou lou <lhou lou loou low> �{�� ��
lu lu lu lu <lhu lu luu luh> �{�� ��
luan luan lwan luan <lhuan luan loan luann> �{���� ��
lue lu:eh lyue liue <lhiue liue leue liueh> �{���� ��
lun lun lwen luen <lhuen luen loen luenn> �{���� ��
luo lo lwo luo <lhuo luo luoo luoh> �{���� ù
lu:,lv lu: lyu liu <lhiu liu leu liuh> �{�� �f
lu:an lu:an lywan liuan <lhiuan liuan leuan liuann> �{���� �p
lu:n lu:n lyun liuen <lhiun liun leun liunn> �{���� �O
#Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo
ma ma ma ma <mha ma maa mah> �v�� ��
mai mai mai mai <mhai mai mae may> �v�� �R
man man man man <mhan man maan mann> �v�� ��
mang mang mang mang <mhang mang maang manq> �v�� ��
mao mao mau mau <mhau mau mao maw> �v�� ��
me me^ me
mei mei mei mei <mhei mei meei mey> �v�� �C
men me^n men men <mhen men meen menn> �v�� ��
meng me^ng meng meng <mheng meng meeng menq> �v�� �s
mi mi mi mi <mhi mi mii mih> �v�@ ��
mian mien myan mian <mhian mian mean miann> �v�@�� ��
miao miao myau miao <mhiau miau meau miaw> �v�@�� ��
mie mieh mye mie <mhie mie miee mieh> �v�@�� ��
min min min min <mhin min miin minn> �v�@�� ��
ming ming ming ming <mhing ming miing minq> �v�@�� �W
miu miu myou miou <mhiou miou meou miow> �v�@�� ��
mo mo mwo mo <mho mo moo moh> �v�� �N
mou mo mou mou <mhou mou moou mow> �v�� �Y
mu mu mu mu <mhu mu muu muh> �v�� ��
#Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo
na na na na <nha na naa nah> �z�� ��
nai nai nai nai <nhai nai nae nay> �z�� �D
nan nan nan nan <nhan nan naan nann> �z�� �k
nang nang nang nang <nhang nang naang nanq> �z�� �n
nao nao nau nau <nhau nau nao naw> �z�� �x
ne ne^ ne ne <nhe ne nee neh> �z�� �O
nei nei nei nei <nhei nei neei ney> �z�� ��
nen ne^n nen nen <nhen nen neen nenn> �z�� ��
neng ne^ng neng neng <nheng neng neeng nenq> �z�� ��
ni ni ni ni <nhi ni nii nih> �z�@ ��
nian nien nyan nian <nhian nian nean niann> �z�@�� �~
niang niang nyang niang <nhiang niang neang nianq> �z�@�� �Q
niao nieo nyau niau <nhiau niau neau niaw> �z�@�� ��
nie nieh nye nie <nhie nie niee nieh> �z�@�� ��
nin nin nin nin <nhin nin niin ninn> �z�@�� �z
ning ning ning ning <nhing ning niing ninq> �z�@�� ��
niu niu nyou niou <nhiou niou neou niow> �z�@�� ��
nong nung nung nung <nhong nong noong nonq> �z���� �A
nou no nou nou <nhou nou noou now> �z�� ��
nu nu nu nu <nhu nu nuu nuh> �z�� �V
nuan nuan nwan nuan <nhuan nuan noan nuann> �z���� �x
nue nu:eh nywe niue <nhiue niue neue niueh> �z���� �h
nuo no nwo nuo <nhuo nuo nuoo nuoh> �z���� ��
nu:,nv nu: nyu niu <nhiu niu neu niuh> �z�� �k
#Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo
ou ou ou ou <ou our oou ow> �� ��
#Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo
pa p'a pa pa <pa par paa pah> �u�� ��
pai p'ai pai pai <pai pair pae pay> �u�� ��
pan p'an pan pan <pan parn paan pann> �u�� ��
pang p'ang pang pang <pang parng paang panq> �u�� ��
pao p'ao pau pau <pau paur pao paw> �u�� �w
pei p'ei pei pei <pei peir peei pey> �u�� ��
pen p'e^n pen pen <pen pern peen penn> �u�� ��
peng p'e^ng peng peng <peng perng peeng penq> �u�� �B
pi p'i pi pi <pi pyi pii pih> �u�@ ��
pian p'ien pyan pian <pian pyan pean piann> �u�@�� ��
piao p'iao pyau piau <piau pyau peau piaw> �u�@�� �}
pie p'ieh pye pie <pie pye piee pieh> �u�@�� �J
pin p'in pin pin <pin pyn piin pinn> �u�@�� �~
ping p'ing ping ping <ping pyng piing pinq> �u�@�� ��
po p'o pwo po <po por poo poh> �u�� �Y
pou p'ou pou pou <pou pour poou pow> �u�� ��
pu p'u pu pu <pu pwu puu puh> �u�� ��
#Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo
qi ch'i chi chi <chi chyi chii chih> ���@ �C
qia ch'ia chya chia <chia chya chea chiah> ���@�� ��
qian ch'ien chyan chian <chian chyan chean chiann> ���@�� �d
qiang ch'iang chyang chiang <chiang chyang cheang chianq> ���@�� �m
qiao ch'iao chyau chiau <chiau chyau cheau chiaw> ���@�� ��
qie ch'ieh chye chie <chie chye chiee chieh> ���@�� ��
qin ch'in chin chin <chin chyn chiin chinn> ���@�� �I
qing ch'ing ching ching <ching chyng chiing chinq> ���@�� �C
qiong ch'iung chyoung chiung <chiong chyong cheong chionq> ������ �a
qiu ch'iu chyou chiou <chiou chyou cheou chiow> ���@�� �C
qu ch'u: chyu chiu <chiu chyu cheu chiuh> ���� �}
quan ch'u:an chywan chiuan <chiuan chyuan cheuan chiuann> ������ ��
que ch'u:eh chywe chiue <chiue chyue cheue chiueh> ������ ��
qun ch'u:n chyun chiun <chiun chyun cheun chiunn> ������ �s
#Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo
ran jan ran ran <rhan ran raan rann> ���� �M
rang jang rang rang <rhang rang raang ranq> ���� �
rao jao rau rau <rhau rau rao raw> ���� ¶
re je^ re re <rhe re ree reh> ���� ��
ren je^n ren ren <rhen ren reen renn> ���� �H
reng je^ng reng reng <rheng reng reeng renq> ���� ��
ri jih ri r <rhy ry ryy ryh> �� ��
rong jung rung rung <rhong rong roong ronq> ������ �e
rou jou rou rou <rhou rou roou row> ���� �e
ru ju ru ru <rhu ru ruu ruh> ���� �p
ruan juan rwan ruan <rhuan ruan roan ruann> ������ �n
rui jui rwei ruei <rhuei ruei roei ruey> ������ ��
run jun rwen ruen <rhuen ruen roen ruenn> ������ ��
ruo jo rwo ruo <rhuo ruo ruoo ruoh> ������ �z
#Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo
sa sa sa sa <sa sar saa sah> ���� ��
sai sai sai sai <sai sair saai say> ���� ��
san san san san <san sarn saan sann> ���� �T
sang sang sang sang <sang sarng saang sanq> ���� ��
sao sao sau sau <sau saur sao saw> ���� ��
se se^ se se <se ser see seh> ���� ��
sen se^n sen sen <sen sern seen senn> ���� ��
seng se^ng seng seng <seng serng seeng senq> ���� ��
si szu,ssu sz sz <sy syr syy syh> �� ��
song sung sung sung <song sorng soong sonq> ������ �Q
su su su su <su swu suu suh> ���� �U
suan suan swan suan <suan swan soan suann> ������ ��
sui sui swei suei <suei swei soei suey> ������ �H
sun sun swen suen <suen swen soen suenn> ������ �]
suo so swo suo <suo swo suoo suoh> ������ ��
#Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo
sha sha sha sha <sha shar shaa shah> ���� �F
shai shai shai shai <shai shair shae shay> ���� ��
shan shan shan shan <shan sharn shaan shann> ���� �s
shang shang shang shang <shang sharng shaang shanq> ���� �W
shao shao shau shau <shau shaur shao shaw> ���� ��
she she^ she she <she sher shee sheh> ���� ��
shei shei shei shei <shei sheir sheei shey> ���� ��
shen she^n shen shen <shen shern sheen shenn> ���� ��
sheng she^ng sheng sheng <sheng sherng sheeng shenq> ���� ��
shi shih shr shi <shy shyr shyy shyh> �� �Q
#shong shung shung
shou shou shou shou <shou shour shoou show> ���� ��
shu shu shu shu <shu shwu shuu shuh> ���� ��
shua shua shwa shua <shua shwa shoa shuah> ������ ��
shuai shuai shwai shuai <shuai shwai shoai shuay> ������ �I
shuan shuan shwan shuan <shuan shwan shoan shuann> ������ ��
shuang shuang shwang shuang <shuang shwang shoang shuanq> ������ �
shui shui shwei shuei <shuei shwei shoei shuey> ������ ��
shun shun shwen shuen <shuen shwen shoen shuenn> ������ ��
shuo shuo shwo shuo <shuo shwo shuoo shuoh> ������ ��
#Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo
ta t'a ta ta <ta tar taa tah> �y�� �L
tai t'ai tai tai <tai tair taai tay> �y�� �x
tan t'an tan tan <tan tarn taan tann> �y�� �g
tang t'ang tang tang <tang tarng taang tanq> �y�� ��
tao t'ao tau tau <tau taur tao taw> �y�� �Q
te t'e^ te te <te ter tee teh> �y�� �S
teng t'e^ng teng teng <teng terng teeng tenq> �y�� �k
ti t'i ti ti <ti tyi tii tih> �y�@ ��
tian t'en tyan tian <tian tyan tean tiann> �y�@�� ��
tiao t'iao tyau tiau <tiau tyau teau tiaw> �y�@�� �D
tie t'ieh tye tie <tie tye tiee tieh> �y�@�� �K
ting t'ing ting ting <ting tyng tiing tinq> �y�@�� ��
tong t'ung tung tong <tong torng toong tonq> �y���� �P
tou t'ou tou tou <tou tour toou tow> �y�� ��
tu t'u tu tu <tu twu tuu tuh> �y�� �g
tuan t'uan twan tuan <tuan twan toan tuann> �y���� ��
tui t'ui twei tuei <tuei twei toei tuey> �y���� ��
tun t'un twen tuen <tuen twen toen tuenn> �y���� �]
tuo t'o two tuo <tuo two tuoo tuoh> �y���� ��
#Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo
wa wa wa wa <ua wa waa wah> ���� ��
wai wai wai wai <uai wai woai way> ���� �~
wan wan wan wan <uan wan woan wann> ���� ��
wang wang wang wang <uang wang woang wanq> ���� ��
wei we^i wei wei <uei wei woei wey> ���� ��
wen we^n wen wen <uen wen woen wenn> ���� ��
weng we^ng weng weng <ueng weng woeng wenq> ���� ��
wo wo wo wo <uo wo woo woh> ���� ��
wu wu wu wu <u wu wuu wuh> �� ��
#Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo
xi hsi si shi <shi shyi shii shih> ���@ ��
xia hsia sya shia <shia shya shea shiah> ���@�� �U
xian hsien syan shian <shian shyan shean shiann> ���@�� �P
xiang hsiang syang shiang <shiang shyang sheang shianq> ���@�� ��
xiao hsiao syau shiau <shiau shyau sheau shiaw> ���@�� �p
xie hsieh sye shie <shie shye shiee shieh> ���@�� ��
xin hsin sin shin <shin shyn shiin shinn> ���@�� ��
xing hsing sing shing <shing shyng shiing shinq> ���@�� �P
xiong hsiung syung shiung <shiong shyong sheong shionq> ������ �S
xiu hsiu syou shiou <shiou shyou sheou shiow> ���@�� ��
xu hsu: syu shiu <shiu shyu sheu shiuh> ���� �}
xuan hsu:an sywan shiuan <shiuan shyun sheuan shiuann> ������ ��
xue hsu:eh sywe shiue <shiue shyue sheue shiueh> ������ ��
xun hsu:n syun shiun <shiun shyun sheun shiunn> ������ ��
#Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo
ya ya ya ya <ia ya yea yah> �@�� ��
yai yai yai yai <iai yai yae yay> �@�� �V
yan yan yan yan <ian yan yean yann> �@�� ��
yang yang yang yang <iang yang yeang yanq> �@�� ��
yao yao yau yau <iau yau yeau yaw> �@�� ��
ye yeh ye ye <ie ye yee yay> �@�� �]
yi i,yi yi yi <i yi yii yih> �@ �@
yin yin yin yin <in yn yiin yinn> �@�� �]
ying ying ying ying <ing yng yiing yinq> �@�� �^
#yo ? ? yo <io yo yoo yoh> ���� ��
yong yung yung yung <iong yong yeong yonq> ���� ��
you yu you you <iou you yeou yow> �@�� �S
yu yu: yu yu <iu yu yeu yuh> �� �_
yuan yu:an ywan yuan <iuan yuan yeuan yuann> ���� ��
yue yu:eh ywe yue <iue yue yeue yueh> ���� ��
yun yu:n yun yuen <iun yun yeun yunn> ���� ��
#Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo
za tsa dza tza <tza tzar tzaa tzah> ���� ��
zai tsai dzai tzai <tzai tzair tzaai tzay> ���� �a
zan tsan dzan tzan <tzan tzarn tzaan tzann> ���� ��
zang tsang dzang tzang <tzang tzarng tzaang tzanq> ���� ��
zao tsao dzau tzau <tzau tzaur tzao tzaw> ���� ��
ze tse^ dze tze <tze tzer tzee tzeh> ���� ��
zei tsei dzei tzei <tzei tzeir tzeei tzey> ���� ��
zen tse^n dzen tzen <tzen tzern tzeen tzenn> ���� ��
zeng tse^ng dzeng tzeng <tzeng tzerng tzeeng tzenq> ���� �W
zi tzu dz tz <tzy tzyr tzyy tzyh> �� �l
zong tsung dzung tzung <tzong tzorng tzoong tzonq> ������ �v
zou tsou dzou tzou <tzou tzour tzoou tzow> ���� ��
zu tsu dzu tzu <tzu tzwu tzuu tzuh> ���� ��
zuan tsuan dzwan tzuan <tzuan tzwan tzoan tzuann> ������ �p
zui tsui dzwei tzuei <tzuei tzwei tzoei tzuey> ������ �o
zun tsun dzwen tzuen <tzuen tzwen tzoen tzuenn> ������ �L
zuo tso dzwo tzuo <tzuo tzwo tzuoo tzuoh> ������ ��
#Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo
zha cha ja ja <ja jar jaa jah> ���� ��
zhai chai jai jai <jai jair jae jay> ���� �K
zhan chan jan jan <jan jarn jaan jann> ���� ��
zhang chang jang jang <jang jarng jaang janq> ���� �i
zhao chao jau jau <jau jaur jao jaw> ���� �l
zhe che^ je je <je jer jee jay> ���� ��
zhen che^n jen jen <jen jern jeen jenn> ���� ��
zheng che^ng jeng jeng <jeng jerng jeeng jenq> ���� ��
zhi chih jr jr <jy jyr jyy jyh> �� �u
zhong chung jung jung <jong jorng joong jonq> ������ ��
zhou chou jou jou <jou jour joou jow> ���� ��
zhu chu ju ju <ju jwu juu juh> ���� �D
zhua chua jwa jua <jua jwa joa juah> ������ ��
zhuai chuai jwai juai <juai jwai joai juay> ������ �m
zhuan chuan jwan juan <juan jwan joan juann> ������ �M
zhuang chuang jwang juang <juang jwang joang juanq> ������ ��
zhui chui jwei juei <juei jwei joei juey> ������ �l
zhun chun jwen juen <juen jwen joen juenn> ������ ��
zhuo cho jwo juo <juo jwo juoo juoh> ������ ��
#END
Pinyin Wade Yale GuoinII GwoyeuRomatzyh1,2,3,4 Bopomofo
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�@�N �� �� �W �h
�n�� (CONSONANT)
Pinyin b p m f d t n l g k h
Wade p p' m f t t' n l k k' h
Yale b p m f d t n l g k h
GuoinII b p m f d t n l g k h
GwoyeuRomatzyh b p m f d t n l g k h
Bopomofo �t �u �v �w �x �y �z �{ �| �} �~
�� �Y �N �� �o �S �[ �� �� �� ��
Pinyin ji qi xi zh ch sh r z c s
Wade chi ch'i hsi ch ch' sh j ts ts' s
Yale ji chi si j ch sh r dz ts s
GuoinII ji chi shi j ch sh r tz ts s
GwoyeuRomatzyh ji chi shi j ch sh r tz ts s
Bopomofo �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� ��
�� �� �� �� �E �� �� �� �� ��
��� (VOWEL)
Pinyin a o e e ai ei ao ou an en ang eng er
Wade a o e eh ai ei ao ou an en ang eng erh
Yale a o e e ai ei ao ou an en ang eng erh
GuoinII a o e e ai ei au ou an en ang eng er
GwoyeuRomatzyh1 a o e ie ai ei au ou an en ang eng el
+2 ar or er ye air eir aur our arn ern arng erng erl
+3 aa oo ee ie ae eei ao oou aan een aang eeng eel
+4 ah oh eh ieh ay ey aw ow ann enn anq enq ell
Bopomofo �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� �� ��
�� �� �Z (�C) �s �Y �� �� �w �� �� (��) ��
Pinyin C+ i ia io ie iao iu ian in iang ing
+ yi ya yo ye yao you yan yin yang ying
Wade i ia io ieh iao iu ian in iang ing
Yale i ya io ye iau you ian in iang ing
GuoinII i ia io ie iau iou ian in iang ing
GwoyeuRomatzyh1 i ia io ie iau iou ian in iang ing
+2 yi ya yo ye yau you yan yn yang yng
+3 ii ea ioo iee eau eou ean iin eang iing
+4 ih iah ioh ieh iaw iow iann inn ianq inq
Bopomofo �� ���� ���� ���� ���� ���� ���� ���� ���� ����
�� �r �� �C �y �~ �� �] �� �^
Pinyin C+ u ua uo uai ui uan un uang ong
+ wu wa wo wai wei wan wen wang wong
Wade u ua o uai ui uan un uang ung
Yale u wa wo wai wei wan wen wang ung
GuoinII u ua uo uai uei uan uen uang ung
GwoyeuRomatzyh1 u ua uo uai uei uan uen uang ong
+2 wu wa wo wai wei wan wen wang orng
+3 uu oa uoo oai oei oan oen oang oong
+4 uh uah uoh uay uey uann uenn uanq onq
Bopomofo �� ���� ���� ���� ���� ���� ���� ���� ����
�� �� �� �n �� �s �� �L ��
Pinyin C+ u ue uan un iong
+ yu yue yuan yun yong
Z+ nv lv
Wade u: u:eh u:an u:n iung nu: lu:
Yale yu ywe ywan yun yung niu liu
GuoinII iu iue iuan iun iung niu liu
GwoyeuRomatzyh1 iu iue iuan iun iong nhiu lhiu
+2 yu yue yuan yun yong niu liu
+3 eu eue euan eun eong neu leu
+4 iuh iueh iuann iunn ionq niuh liuh
Bopomofo �� ���� ���� ���� ���� �z�� �{��
�� �� �� �w �l �k ��
C+ -> �e���a���n�����ɭ�, + -> �e���S���n�����ɭ�,
Z+ -> �����k���S��
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Note: There are 1302 sounds (inclusive of the 5 tones) in use in Mandarin.
1. Pinyin System was adopted by Chinese Communists in 1958. It is currently
the most popular system used in the world.
2. Wade-Giles System was initiated by Sir Thomas Wade in 1859, and later
formulated by Herbert Giles. It is still in use in Taiwan, and
in partial America. In writing, ":", "'", or ":" in u:, p', t', k'
ch', ts', or e^ are sometimes omitted. Refer [2],[6],[9].
3. Yale System was developed in Yale University. It is mostly used in the
Chinese learning courses for foreigners. It features easy
pronunciation by native English speakers. Refer [2], [4].
4. Guoin II System was promulgated by Taiwan Ministry of Education
on Jan 28, 1986. It is less used even in Taiwan.
5. Gwoyeu Romatzyh (GR) System was initiated by Yutang Lin, and later
formulated by Yenren Chao. It was promulgated by Nationalist
Government in 1928. It is less used in Taiwan, and only appears
in Chinese dictionaries. It features the tonal spelling. Tone
#1, #2, #3, #4 and the neutral tone are marked in variant forms as
shown in the above listing (neutral tone omitted due to space reason).
Therefore, no extra tonal number is needed in writing. Refer [1],[3].
6. Bopomofo (or Zhuyin Fuhao) System was promulgated by Nationalist
Government on Nov 23, 1918. It is still in use in Taiwan.
7. Chinese Post Office System was used in spelling city names like Peking.
But no information about it is available yet. It is less used in
Taiwan, but can still be found in some city or street names. Refer [5].
Reference (online available):
[1] Anonymous, "Comparative Table of Pinyin and Gwoyeu Romatzyh", 1993.
ftp://ftp.ifcss.org/pub/software/data/GwoyeuRomatzyh
[2] Aspinwall, D., "Word Mapping Table for Pinyin, Wade-Giles and Yale", 1994.
http://www.m.isar.de/~denner/neijia/romanisation/mapping.html
[3] Branner, D.P., "A Guide to Gwoyeu Romatzyh Tonal Spelling of Chinese", 1995.
http://weber.u.washington.edu/~yuenren/Romatzyh.html
[4] Hammond, M., Johnson, A., "One Thousand Word List -- An Intermediate
Chinese Dictionary", 1995.
http://www.et.byu.edu/~hammondm/Taiwan/1000Word/1000words.html
[5] Lin, P.H., "The Official alt.taiwan.republic FAQ", 1994.
http://www.utexas.edu/students/tsa/faq_atr.html
[6] Mahdi, W., "Concordance of Chinese Transcription Systems", 1995.
http://paradox.rz-berlin.mpg.de/LingStuff/SinoLog/SinTrans_P.html
[7] Shann, W.C., "Comparative Table of Pinyin and Zhuyin Fuhao", 1993.
gopher://dongpo.math.ncu.edu.tw/00/chinese/ZYvsPY
[8] Shann, W.C., "Table of 1302 different pronunciations for mandarin
(sorted by Zhuyin)", 1993.
http://www.math.ncu.edu.tw/~shann/big5/ZYlst.txt
[9] Xu, Zhishan, "Conversion -- Pinyin to Wade-Giles", 1992.
http://web.mit.edu/afs/athena.mit.edu/user/z/x/zxu/www/cjk/pinwj.htm
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Compiled by Seke Wei ([email protected]) on July 4, 1997. Any correction or suggestions are welcome.
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