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<HTML> <HEAD> <TITLE>Pinyin Pronounciation Guide</TITLE> </HEAD> <BODY> <H1>Pinyin Pronounciation Guide</H1> <CENTER><IMG SRC="images/pinyin.jpg"></CENTER> <NOBR><A HREF="#consonants">Consonants</A> | <A HREF="#vowels">Vowels</A> | <A HREF="#tones">Tones</A></NOBR> <A NAME="consonants"> <H2>Consonants</H2> <UL> <LI><STRONG>b</STRONG>: Like b in English. <LI><STRONG><FONT COLOR="red">c</FONT></STRONG>: Like "ts". <LI><STRONG>ch</STRONG>: Like ch in "church" <LI><STRONG>d</STRONG>: Like <LI><STRONG>f</STRONG>: Like f in "fall", "fast" <LI><STRONG>g</STRONG>: Like <LI><STRONG>h</STRONG>: Like h in "he", "has" <LI><STRONG>j</STRONG>: Like j in "jump", "jack" <LI><STRONG>k</STRONG>: Like <LI><STRONG>l</STRONG>: Like l in "live", "late" <LI><STRONG>m</STRONG>: Like m in "man", "mail" <LI><STRONG>n</STRONG>: Like n in "nice", "ran" <LI><STRONG>p</STRONG>: Like <LI><STRONG><FONT COLOR="red">q</FONT></STRONG>: Like "ch" in chair, child <LI><STRONG>r</STRONG>: Like r in "reel", " <LI><STRONG>s</STRONG>: Like s in "see", "say" <LI><STRONG>sh</STRONG>: Like sh in <LI><STRONG>t</STRONG>: Like t <LI><STRONG>v</STRONG>: Mandarin does not have a v sound. <LI><STRONG>w</STRONG>: Like w in "wall", "wash" <LI><STRONG><FONT COLOR="red">x</FONT></STRONG>: Like "sh" is "sheer" <LI><STRONG>y</STRONG>: Like y in "year", "yellow" <LI><STRONG><FONT COLOR="red">z</FONT></STRONG>: Like "dz" in adze. <LI><STRONG><FONT COLOR="red">zh</FONT></STRONG>: Like </UL> <A NAME="vowels"> <H2>Vowels</H2> <UL> <LI><STRONG>a</STRONG>: <LI><STRONG>ai</STRONG>: <LI><STRONG>ao</STRONG> <LI><STRONG>e</STRONG>: When alone, like "uh" <LI><STRONG>ei</STRONG>: <LI><STRONG>i</STRONG>: (When not preceding another vowel) like "ee" is "steel" <LI><STRONG>ia</STRONG> <LI><STRONG>ie</STRONG> <LI><STRONG>io</STRONG> <LI><STRONG>iu</STRONG> <LI><STRONG>o</STRONG>: <LI><STRONG>ou</STRONG>: <LI><STRONG>u</STRONG>: <LI><STRONG>ua</STRONG>: Like "wa" in "water" <LI><STRONG>uo</STRONG>: Like "woe" <LI><STRONG>uai</STRONG>: Sounds like "why" <LI><STRONG>ui</STRONG>: Sounds like "way" <LI><STRONG>un</STRONG>: <LI><STRONG>u</STRONG>: <LI><STRONG>u:</STRONG>: </UL> <A NAME="tones"> <H2>Tones</H2> <UL> <LI><STRONG>First Tone</STRONG>: Start at the high-end of your range and hold it there briefly. <BR> In writing, the tone is represented with a vertical line (-) above the main vowel in the pinyin word. Also can be represented by the number 1 after the pinyin, e.g. "fang1", "ka1". <LI><STRONG>Second Tone</STRONG>: Start near the bottom of your range and rise to the top. Like the end of sentence when asking a question. <BR> The second tone is represented by a diagonal line, rising left to right (/) above the main vowel of the pinyin word. Also can be represented by the number 2 after the pinyin, e.g. "mang2", "die2". <LI><STRONG>Third Tone</STRONG>: Start near the middle of your range, dip down and rise again slightly. <BR> Represented by a symbol like the bottom half of a circle (^ upside down) over the main vowel of the pinyin. Also can be represented by the number 3 after the pinyin, e.g. "fa3", "chang3". <LI><STRONG>Fourth Tone</STRONG>: Start at the top of your range and drop sharply, as when ordering someone or speaking angrily. <BR> Represented by a diagonal line, descending from left to right (\), over the main vowel of the pinyin string. Also can be represented by the number 4 after the pinyin, e.g. "kan4", "shi4". <LI><STRONG>Neutral Tone</STRONG>: No emphasis. Use your normal voice. Sometimes represented by a 0 or 5 at the end of the pinyin. </UL> </BODY> </HTML>