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    <p align="left"><strong><small><font face="Arial">About The Author:</font></small></strong></p>
    <p align="left"><font face="Arial" style="font-size: 9pt">Robert A. Olson is a partner in the law firm of
    Brown, Olson &amp; Gould, P.C. which maintains a nationwide practice in energy law,
    public utility law and related commercial transactions.</font></p>
    <p><small><font face="Arial"><font style="font-size: 9pt">He can be reached at:</font><br>
    <br>
    <b><font color="#0000FF">Brown, Olson & Gould, PC</font></b><br>
2 Delta Drive<br>
    Suite 301<br>
Concord, NH 03301<br>
&nbsp;<a href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a><br>
    (603) 225-9716<br>
<a href="mailto:[email protected]"></a></font></small></p>
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    <img src="../images/statelin.gif" alt="STATELINE by Robert Olson" border="0" width="375" height="75">
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    &nbsp;</u></b></p>
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    <p ALIGN="left"><u><b>March 2004<br>
    </b></u><font size="6"><b>Texas PUC Adopts Rule Against Market Manipulation</b></font><strong><br>
    by Robert Olson&nbsp; -- &nbsp; Brown, Olson and Wilson, P.C.<br>
    </strong><font face="Arial" size="2">(<em>originally published by PMA OnLine Magazine:
200</em>4/</font><font size="2">04/24)</font></p>
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    <p align="justify">The Texas Public Utility Commission (the &#8220;Commission&#8221;) 
    enacted a new rule to prevent manipulation of wholesale electricity markets 
    by market participants. Texas P.U.C. Subst. R. 25.503 (the &#8220;Rule&#8221;). The 
    Commission, in commenting on the need for the rule, explained that &#8220;[r]ecent 
    experience in Texas and other states has shown that during the transition to 
    competition, the developing wholesale and retail markets can be subject to 
    practices by market participants that serve the private interest of the 
    participants at the expense of the public interest. These practices have 
    resulted in unjustified increased prices to customers and market 
    participants, reduced reliability of the electric power grid, and ultimately 
    threaten the implementation of a successful competitive electric market.&#8221; 
    Rulemaking to Address Wholesale Market Rules, Project No. 26201, Order 
    Adopting New �25.503 (January 29, 2004) (the &#8220;Order&#8221;). To prevent these 
    problems, the Rule establishes certain affirmative duties and prohibited 
    practices of &#8220;market participants,&#8221; defined to include power marketers, 
    utilities, power generation companies, qualifying facilities and other 
    persons &#8220;participating in the ERCOT-administered wholesale market.&#8221; <br>
    <br>
    Among other things, the Rule gives market participants the affirmative duty 
    to:</p>
    <ul>
      <li>
      <p align="justify">&#8220;[E]xercise due diligence to prevent the release of 
      materially inaccurate or misleading information&#8221;<br>
&nbsp;</p></li>
      <li>
      <p align="justify">Make &#8220;bids of energy and ancillary services [only] from 
      resources that are available and capable of performing&#8221;<br>
&nbsp;</p></li>
      <li>
      <p align="justify">Generally comply with ERCOT procedures; and<br>
&nbsp;</p></li>
      <li>
      <p align="justify">Notify ERCOT immediately upon learning of an inability 
      to comply with such procedures.</p></li>
    </ul>
    <p align="justify">The Rule broadly prohibits &#8220;[a]ny act or practice of a 
    market participant that materially and adversely affects the reliability of 
    the regional electric network or the proper accounting for the production 
    and delivery of electricity among market participants.&#8221; The Rule also sets 
    forth a non-exclusive list of such &#8220;prohibited activities.&#8221; Among other 
    things, a market participant must not:</p>
    <ul>
      <li>
      <p align="justify">&#8220;[C]onduct trades that result in a misrepresentation of 
      the financial condition of the organization&#8221;;<br>
&nbsp;</p></li>
      <li>
      <p align="justify">&#8220;[C]ollude with other market participants to manipulate 
      the price or supply of power&#8221;;<br>
&nbsp;</p></li>
      <li>
      <p align="justify">&#8220;[S]chedule, operate or dispatch its generating units 
      in a way that creates artificial congestion;&#8221;<br>
&nbsp;</p></li>
      <li>
      <p align="justify">&#8220;[E]xecute pre-arranged offsetting trades with the same 
      product among the same parties, or through third party arrangements, which 
      involve no economic risk and no material change in beneficial ownership&#8221;; 
      or<br>
&nbsp;</p></li>
      <li>
      <p align="justify">&#8220;[E]ngage in market power abuse,&#8221; which specifically 
      includes the &#8220;[w]ithholding of production . . . by a market participant 
      who has market power.&#8221;<br>
&nbsp;</p></li>
    </ul>
    <p align="justify">In its Order, the Commission acknowledges that &#8220;market 
    power&#8221; and &#8220;market power abuse&#8221; need to be further defined and states that 
    it will do so in a new rulemaking on market power.<br>
    <br>
    The Rule recognizes a defense for a market participant that &#8220;served a 
    legitimate business purpose consistent with prices set by competitive market 
    forces; and that it did not know, and could not reasonably anticipate, that 
    its actions would inflate prices, adversely affect the reliability of the 
    regional electric network, or adversely affect the proper accounting for the 
    production and delivery of electricity; or, if applicable, that it exercised 
    due diligence to prevent the excluded act or practice.&#8221; The market 
    participant has the burden to prove that the defense applies.<br>
    <br>
    In the event of a violation, the Rule provides that the Commission &#8220;may seek 
    or impose any legal remedy it determines appropriate for the violation 
    involved.&#8221;</p>
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    <hr color="#FFFF00">
    <blockquote>
      <p align="left"><font face="Arial">
      <small>Robert A. Olson is a partner in the law firm of Brown, Olson &amp; 
		Gould P.C.
      which maintains a nationwide practice in energy law, public utility law and related
      commercial transactions. He can be reached at:</small></font><p align="center">
      <font face="Arial"><small><font color="#0000FF"><b>Brown, Olson & Gould, PC</b></font><br>
2 Delta Drive, Suite 301<br>
Concord, NH 03301 <br>
      <br>
      <a href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a> | (603) 225-9716<a href="mailto:[email protected]"></a></small></font>
    
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