|
Server : Apache/2.4.62 System : FreeBSD fbsdweb2.web.rcn.net 14.1-RELEASE FreeBSD 14.1-RELEASE releng/14.1-n267679-10e31f0946d8 GENERIC amd64 User : www ( 80) PHP Version : 8.3.8 Disable Function : NONE Directory : /domains/conservation1/ |
Upload File : |
<html>
<head>
<title>DC Metro Paper Conservator: Cleveland Conservation</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=iso-8859-1">
<script type="text/javascript" language="javascript">
<!--
//Preload image rollovers:
arrowUp = new Image
arrowOver = new Image
arrowUp.src = "images/next_up.gif"
arrowOver.src= "images/next_over.gif"
// The sniffer below checks to see whether the browser is DOM2 compliant. This is used as a proxy for sniffing out an array of CSS-P properties, which are essential for viewing the site. If the browser is not DOM2 compliant, there is an automatic redirect to alternate.html, which gives basic information about Cleveland Conservation and encourages the user to upgrade browsers. This script is repeated on every page because users using search engines may not have entered the site "through the front door."
var n4 = (document.layers) ? 1 : 0;
var ie = (document.all) ? 1 : 0;
var dom;
if (n4 == 1) {
dom = 0
}
else {
if (navigator.userAgent.indexOf("MSIE 4") == -1) {
(document.getElementsByTagName("*")) ? (dom = 1) : (dom = 0)
}
}
if (dom != 1) {
window.location="alternate.html"
}
// -->
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="head.js"></script>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="styles.css">
<style type="text/css">
<!--
p {
line-height: 16px;
}
-->
</style>
</head>
<body>
<script type="text/javascript" src="bodytop.js"></script>
<div id="template-01" onmouseover="hidemenu()"> <img src="images/template_01.gif" width=218 height=57></div>
<div id="template-02" onmouseover="hidemenu()"> <img src="images/template_02.gif" width=388 height=166></div>
<div id="template-03" onmouseover="hidemenu()"> <img src="images/template_03.gif" width=218 height=57></div>
<div id="template-04" onmouseover="hidemenu()"> <img src="images/template_04.gif" width=98 height=21></div>
<div id="template-05" onmouseover="hidemenu()"><a href="welcome.html"> <img src="images/template_05.gif" width=120 height=21 border=0></a></div>
<div id="template-06" onMouseover="dropit(event,'dropmenu1');event.cancelBubble=true;return false"><a href="tears.html"> <img src="images/template_06.gif" width=120 height=21 border=0 onmouseover="hidemenu()"></a></div>
<div id="template-07" onmouseover="hidemenu()"> <img src="images/template_07.gif" width=98 height=21></div>
<div id="template-08" onmouseover="hidemenu()"> <img src="images/template_08.gif" width=72 height=22></div>
<div id="template-09" onMouseover="dropit(event,'dropmenu0');event.cancelBubble=true;return false"><a href="about.html"> <img src="images/template_09.gif" width=130 height=22 border=0 onmouseover="hidemenu()"></a></div>
<div id="template-10" onmouseover="hidemenu()"> <img src="images/template_10.gif" width=16 height=22></div>
<div id="template-11" onmouseover="hidemenu()"> <img src="images/template_11.gif" width=16 height=22 border=0></div>
<div id="template-12" onmouseover="hidemenu()"><a href="working.html"> <img src="images/template_12.gif" width=130 height=22 border=0></a></div>
<div id="template-13" onmouseover="hidemenu()"> <img src="images/template_13.gif" width=72 height=22></div>
<div id="template-14" onmouseover="hidemenu()"> <img src="images/template_14.gif" width=218 height=66></div>
<div id="template-15" onmouseover="hidemenu()"> <img src="images/template_15.gif" width=218 height=66></div>
<div id="template-16" onmouseover="hidemenu()">
<div style="padding-left:25px; padding-right:25px; padding-top:2px; border-left: 1px black solid; border-right: 1px black solid; border-bottom: 1px black solid">
<!-- Begin content -->
<h1>Planar Distortions</h1>
<div class="figure-l" style="width: 222px">
<a href="images/planar2-15-b.jpg"><img src="images/planar2-15-s.jpg" border=1 width=220 height=186></a>
<div class="caption" style="margin-bottom: 40px">
Map before treatment.
</div>
<br><br><br><br>
<a href="images/planar1-20-b.jpg"><img src="images/planar1-20-s.jpg" border=1 width=220 height=186></a>
<div class="caption">
Land deed before treatment.
</div>
</div>
<div class="figure-r" style="width: 222px">
<a href="images/planar2-16-b.jpg"><img src="images/planar2-16-s.jpg" border=1 width=220 height=185></a>
<div class="caption" style="margin-bottom: 40px">
Map after treatment.
</div>
<br><br><br><br>
<a href="images/planar1-10-b.jpg"><img src="images/planar1-10-s.jpg" border=1 width=220 height=185></a>
<div class="caption">
Land deed after treatment.
</div>
</div>
<p class="initial">Planar distortions include cockling, buckling, waves, curling, folds, wrinkles, and creases. The engraved map of Cornwall shown at upper left exhibits extreme cockling. At some point in the past, the map was placed in a frame that was not quite large enough. Moisture was subsequently introduced (probably in the form of high atmospheric humidity), causing the paper to expand. Constrained by the frame, it could not expand outward and instead "bunched up," forming a classic cockled pattern.</p>
<p>The 18th century land deed at lower left is made of parchment (animal skin) and had sharp creases from being folded for many years. (Parchment commonly exhibits cockling, as well.) Although the chemistry, character and behavior of parchment objects are quite different from those made of paper (which is plant fiber), these documents are treated at CCAP.</p>
<p>Planar distortions in paper and parchment can usually be reduced or eliminated by conservators employing gentle, gradual procedures that preserve the surface characteristics of the sheet. In addition to light pressure, controlled amounts of moisture and humidity are also often used.</p>
<div align=center>
<br><br>
<a href="tape.html" onMouseOver="document.nextprob.src=arrowOver.src" onMouseOut="document.nextprob.src=arrowUp.src"><img src="images/next_up.gif" width=28 height=24 border=0 name="nextprob" align="absmiddle">NEXT PROBLEM</a>
</div>
<!-- End content -->
<br><br>
<div style="font-size: 80%; font-style: italic; text-align: center">
© Cleveland Conservation of Art on Paper, Inc. All rights reserved. Site design by <a href="http://m.knight.name">Mark R. Knight</a>.
<br><br>
</div>
</div>
<div style="background-color: gray; height:15px;">
</div>
</div>
<div id=dropmenu0 style="position:absolute; left:0px; top:15px; layer-background-color:#f1fbe5; background-color:#f1fbe5; width:140px; visibility:hidden; border:1px solid black; padding:0px; font-size:8pt; font-family: 'arial', arial, 'helvetica', helvetica, sans-serif">
<script type="text/javascript" src="bodybot1.js"></script>
</div>
<div id=dropmenu1 style="position:absolute; left:0px; top:15px; layer-background-color:#fcedc8; background-color:#fcedc8; width:140px; visibility:hidden; border:1px solid black; padding:0px; font-size:8pt; font-family: 'arial', arial, 'helvetica', helvetica, sans-serif">
<script type="text/javascript" src="bodybot2.js"></script>
</div>
<!--
<script type="text/javascript" src="bodybot3.js"></script>
-->
</body>
</html>